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                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
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                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
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                    <text>This indenture made the twentheth day of July in the year of our lord one thousand seven
hundred and eightee
Between John Rush one of the overseers for the county of Rockingham parish of the one part and
Willom Gul blacksmith of the parish aforesaid of the other part witnesseth that when as a court
held for Rockingham county July the twentieth it was order that the overseers of the poor should
bind out a child named Charls Ireslon. This indenture therefore witnesseth that in compliance of
all above I the said John Rush one of the overseers as aforesaid do hereby bind out the said
Charls Ireslon to the said Willom Gul to serve him from the date hereof till he ba of the age of
twenty one years during which time the said Charls Ireslon shall faithfully honestly and truly
serve his master all his low full commants [illegible] obey he shall not let nor suffer any damage
to be done to his said masters goots without giving him notice nor shall he at any time absent
him self from his said masters service without leave but always as true and honest serdent out to
do serve his said master diligently honestly and truly during the said term
In consideration of which service the said Willom Gul doth covenant grant and agree to and with
the said overseers in behalf of the said Charles Ireslon to provide goot and wholesome meat
drink washing and lodging with linery and wollen and wollen clothes fitting for apprentice and to
teach him to cause him to be taught to read write and cypher as fore as the rule of three and to
teach him the art and mistery of a blacksmith as fore as he knows and at the expiration of the said
term to give him the usual allowance according to low sealed and delivered in the presence of
Robert Cravens
Jacob Nicholas

�</text>
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                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, Charles Ireslon to William Goots</text>
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                    <text>This indenture made the twentieth day of July in the year of our lord one thousand seven hundred
and eightee six
Between John Rush one of the overseers fore the poor fore the county of Rockingham parish of
the one part and George Mallow a Mider of the parish aforesaid of the other part witnesseth that
where as a court held fore Rockingham County July the twentyfifth it was ordered that the
overseers of the poor should bind out a child named Edwart Hatfeld
This indenture therefore witnesseth that in complaing of the above order I the said John Rush one
of the overseers as foresaid do hereby bind out the said Edwart Hatfeld to the said George
Mollow to serve him from the date hereof till he be of the age of twenty one years during which
time the said Edwart Hatfeld shall faithfully honestly and truly serve his master all his lofull
commands gladly he shall not let nor suffer any damage to be done to his said masters goots
without giving him notice nor shall he at any time absent him self from his said masters service
without leave but always as true and honest servant out to do serve his said master diligently
honestly and truly during the said term
In consideration of which service the said George Mallow doth covenant grant and agree to and
with the said overseer in behalf of the said Edwart Hatfeld to provide goot and wholesone meat
drink washing and lodging with linen and woolen and woolen clothes fitting for an apprentice
and to teach him to or cause him to be taught to read write and cypher as fore as the rume of
three and to teach him the art and mistery of a weaver as fore as he shows and at the expiration
of said term to give him the usual allowance besites five pounts
Sealed and delivered in the presence of
John Rush
George Mallow
Jacob Nicholas

�</text>
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                  <text>Series III is comprised of Rockingham County Indentures of Apprenticeship, which were formal contracts created by the overseers to bind poor or orphaned children to a "master" with who they would learn a trade. Their term generally lasted until the age of twenty-one for males and eighteen for females. Trades were typically determined by the apprentice's sex as well. Active labor and semi-skilled artisan positions were reserved for males, while females often served their term learning to sew, spin, knit, or domestic labor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Overseers of the Poor collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                    <text>This indenture made the twentyth day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand seven
hundred and eighty six between John Rush one of the overseers fore the poor of the county of
Rockingham parish of the one part and Peter Miller of the parish aforesaid of the other part
witnesseth that whereas at a court helt and contint for Rockingham County July the twenty fifth
it was ordered that the overseers of the poor should bind out a child named Danpary Ireslon. This
indenture therefore witnesseth that in compliance of the above order the said John Rush one of
the overseers as afore said do hereby bind out the said Danpary Ireslon to the said Peter Miller to
serve him from the date hereof till she be of the age of eighteen years during which time the said
Danpary Ireslon shall faithfully honestly and truly serve his master all his lawfull commants
gladly obey she shall not let nor suffer any damage to be done to his said masters goods without
giving him notice nor shall she at any time absent herself from his said masters service without
leave but always as a true and honest servant ought to due serve his said master diligently
honestly and truly the term
In consideration of which service the said Peter Millon doth Covenant grant and agree to and
with the said overseers in behalf of the said Danpery Ireslon to provide goof and wholesome
meat drink washing and lodging with linen and woolen and woolen clothes fit for an apprentice
and to teach her or cause he to be taught to read and sew knit and spin and at the expiration of
said term to give her the usual allowance besites three pounts
Sealed and delivered in the presence of
Peter Rush

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                    <text>-,.
TH Is

.- "'.
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I ND E 1.VT

uRE

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ssE

rigc/4ez,~
+
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T H;

d 'r1L./) ~.,,,(
t"-'1 ~# L' s~ rlf,
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h r-,7;..n,.
~lru~1~9 11..o~-l-~r nl~ Mc;N&gt;/Zr~I
~ ~ ~,~ /-

T H AT
~_F:tl

'

J.i1i16 16,.::
ancl b th efo Prefents,

Ct a ,...-/£. _

.

1

clot-?
~~

o~free-Wifl

l'ri,-pjtt.h"

,

Apprentice

to ~U-nt

to learn his rt, Trade and M yfrery ;~and after the Manner of an Appr entice , to ferve the faid
{'.t~ -L~ a.,..mn
- - - - ._
from the Day of the Date hereo~ for, _and during, and unto the foll End
and Te rm of
9 L~ro rrn ;J c1-- ..-v,Mt -h- _ _ .
_ __·---.

hi...

during all which

erm the faid Apprentice

his

faid MaCTer faithfully

.fhall ferve, his Secret s keep, his lawful Commands

Obey: He {},all do no Damage to
y others, wi bout giving Notice
not wafi:e his faid v.lafier's Goods,
ihall not commit Fornication, nor

at all Times

re;;c.ld,
J

his faid Mafi:er, nor fee it to be ,, , " ..,
thereof t0 his faid Ma!l er: Le ti ..
no~ lend them unlawfully
-''Y: 1 e
contract

l\!Iatr·mony

1

it hi11the fa.d

At Cards, Dice, or any other unlawful Game, he ih ~ll not p aJ .

Term.

With his own Good s, nor

whereby his faid Mafier may have Damage.

th e Goods of others, without Licenfe from his M ailer , h.e ihall 11ot buy
nor fell. He lhall not abfent himfelf Day or N,ight from his faid Mailer's
Service, without his Leave, nor haunt Alehoufes, Taverns, or Playhoufes,
but in all Things behave himfelf as a fait hful Apprentice ought to do,
during the fa'd Term. And the faid Mafi:er !hall ufe the utmoft of his
Ende~vou_rs to teach, or caufe to be t~ught or inftw,_cted, the faid
pre1 t1~e, m ~he T.!:_adeor Myfiery of /'r Z.~
"3/&gt;, t ~
/4 h,u -n
4 ?fL;/ L'•~uf-ri,11 fr. /.,.,(,.,.__t"v /tr&gt; -1.. O o 7J, c.. ;ti,,, /4 1-y
,.t.

Af-

-fuu...

/ /

i...,

II

and proc ure or provide for him fufficient Meat, Drink, Clothes, Wa!hing

a_tid Lodg ing, fating fs2r an Apprentice? durz·:1 th: faid Term of

✓.....,. ·-»tnt ff

tzpp~"h~
1

&lt;Andfor

-71',.,,,_.~ht..
p t'~.LC--/
✓-,. fa~~, b ~ iq;(' f

~hi

t,

' L A.
¼

•

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fan

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~.L

,J.L... Ji..
&amp;
~~ ,/4 ~ _. _ _

the true Performance of-all and fing{ilar the Covenants and
Agree ents aforefaid, the Parties bind thernfrlves, each unto the other,
fi rmly by thefo Prefcnts,
IN W 1 TN E S S whereof, the faid Parties

have i1 tt:rc:hangeabl y fet their Haf!ds and Seals hereunto.
Dated t h e
7""7-,f-/ _ ___ Day of ~ e./4-1,~ - in the Year of our Lord
One Thoufand

~

Seven Hundred

14--

and

Eighty

~-DUY---

:.d in t.ii:

Year of the Common wealth~

S :dr!dand Delivere~} ,
tn th~ 1' n:J~1;
ce cj

~-~ ~

"'~{ ]

.

��</text>
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                    <text>~IIS
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·ta loa,n ,hi~A-rt, 4:.!Ms ~

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; and after the Manner of an Ao-

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fr om the Day of the Date her 5~~ for ~ and during, and unto the full End
and erm of ~ -~h--A- d~
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dur ing all wh ich Term

th e faid Apprentice

ihall ferv:,f_is Secre ts keep, h: s law ~C

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Obe y: We ?taHdo no Damage to--. faid Majer, nor fce ir
done
-by others , withou t giving Notice thereof to ~ faid Iv1afier: :_ (6. C.)J1
not afie his faid
after's Good , nor le 1d them unlawfully
any:
r

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~all no comm· Fo~nication, nor contract M.1trimon ~
thin the f:id
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whereby ~
the

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nor fell. ..,.

G1a1lnot abfent .W..felf Day or Nigh t from hi s faid Mailer's
haur-t Alehoufes , Taverns, or Playhouft,,

but i, all Things behave .-i
during the faid Term.

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ought

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/t./ ~

frlf as a faithful Apprentice

Ende~vou_rs tlo teach ,, or caufe to be taugh: or infl:rnct~d, -t e faid Ap-:
;:;
pren tlce , -+-4#• ;i •i :Hcte ·• •M91~; -ef e-~ -t#J;i
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· fofficient Meat; Drink , Clothes, Waihing
and L ed ing , .fitting for an Apprentice , dur ing the f id Term of /c:.,.-

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Agreements aforefaid , the Parties bind themfelves , eac unto the other,
firmly by thef e Prdents,
IN WITNESS
whereof, the faid Pan: s
hav in·1::rc 1ar.geably fet their Hands and Seals hereunto.
Dated the
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Jason Drumerone of the overseers of the poor of the parish of
Rockingham county and in the district of Harrisonburgh by an order of said court of said county
in June one thousand seven hundred and eighty eight doth quit and bind Bethwel Williams of the
age of eight years the 4th of year past 4th of July last past an apprentice unto Robert Samples to
learn a trade of a weaver of the same parish to serve him in the said parish until he arrives to the
age of twenty one years during all this term and time the said apprenticeship master faithfully
shall serve his [illegible] his lawful command gladly obey he shall do no damage to his said
master nor suffer it to be done by others he shall not [illegible] or sell nor commit fornication nor
contract matrimony nor play at cards or dice or any unlawful game whereby his master may be
damaged nor haunt ale houses nor taverns or [illegible] houses he shall not [illegible] his masters
goods nor lend them unlawfully to any persons nor assent himself day or night from his masters
service without his leave but in all things behave himself as a faithfull servant or an apprentice
aught to so
In consideration whereof said maser shall provide and procure sufficient meat drink washing
lodging and appearal fitting for such an apprentice during said term and to learn him the trade of
a weaver perfectly as well as to read and write and common arithmatick perfectly through the
duble rule of three and at the expiration of said term pay or cause to be paid to the apprentice the
sum of three pounds ten shillings and one sute of good clouth exclusinve of wearing appearal in
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Witness presne t
Robert Harrison
James Riggs

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                    <text>..

,.

cf}tUef/'

dhall

Term

fe_J.}~
his Secre ts

-J.1,,__/

117

from the Day of the Date hereof,
and_Termof ~ ,~
~,n

during all which

~ ofa
.

~~hlm

t~At,t,
T.r~~)
prentice, to frrve the faid

r, and

during, and unto the fo ll ~nd

7,,(/✓mz_/.:;
-

--- -----

M'S faid I\1a£l:erfa'thfuily

the faid A pprenticc

keep, his law~

Ap, ·

:ommands

at all 1_·1mes readi ly

Obey: ~ foall do no Damage to J.i.sia1d Ma ~r, no. fee 1t to J,~ 011 e
•by others, wi tho ut giving Notice thereof to · -.. fa.cl l'v1afi:er: ~ i1iall

✓-&lt;'&lt;-

not w.afi:ehis faid Mafier's Goods, nor lend them unla wfully to any :
1hall no t commit Fo~nication, nor contract

Matrimon ~t

r.nall not pky,

Ter m. At Cards, Dice, or any other unlawful Game,
whereby his fa.id Mafi~r may h~ve Dam ag~ith
his
the Goods f others, w1thou~ -.,....LL.O...-U.ll.,fro
-las M alter ,
nor fell.

~

h-

fhall not abfent

hin the f.ud

2~
.~

fdf Day or Night from~

GooJs , no r
{h 11 ot bu-:

~ --

-

,

iv,..,,er ·s

- faid

Service, witLout his Leave, por haunt Alehoufes , Taverns , or Play1.ou~e,,
bnt in all Things behave
during the faid Term.
Endeavours

to teach,

p~ tic e -it.vths,.~i:.

4 rdf

as a faithful Apprentice

ough

to do,

And the faid Mafter fhall ufe the utmoft of h is
or caufe to be taug~t or 0firucred,
_ di-~ e-~ 4 }

the

faJ_.g..
Ap-

c(~ ,&lt;jJ.,n

ri.41Y
;;/_-#..c ~bt ,g(i.p; • ...,,~:;Ja-crt;/
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./ J ,.., -I

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..,{:;~c '7"/ 7 --/1~
- eeol .-.-m fY".' --0~ ~n •',1J(l-t£n /j
and procure or pr6vide fo~ him fufficiel1t Meat, Drfuk , Clothes, Wafhing

&amp;-,,4l,,_:~1

and Lodgin o-, fitting for an Apprentice , during the faid Term of -

if~ ~ ~ ?, f 61n

_

.

-

And for the true Performance of all and un·gular the Covenants and
Agreemen ts aforefaid , the Parties bind themfelves, each unto the other .
firmly by thefe Prefents,
IN WIT I ES S where of, the faid Par ties
have interch angeably flt the~ Hands and Seals here unto.
Dated the
1
Day of : uc m. ~
- - in
Year of our Lord
One Thoufand Seven Hundred and Eighty 4 yt; zL · andi.j t.o~

tte

{u;A/ . · •

7:
/4.-'l~
/4~,/;( Year
Sealed and Delivered}
in the Prqr:nfe of

of the Common wealtho

·

~

��</text>
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                <text>indenture of Apprenticeship, Catheren Beasley to Jacob Singel </text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Reuben Moore one of the Overseers of the poor of Rockingham
County by an order of court to me directed and by these presants I bind out Henry Brown
apprentice to Richard Patten to learn the art and trade of a blacksmith and after the manner of an
apprentice to serve the said Richard Patten from the day of the date hereof for and during unto
the full end and term of twenty one years during all which term the said apprentice his said
master faithfully shall serve his secrets keep his lawfull commands at all times readily obey he
shall do no dammage to his said master nor see it to be done by others without giving notice
thereof to his said master he shall not waste his said masters goods nor lend them unlawfully to
any he shall not commit fornication nor contract matrimony with in the said term at cards dice or
any other unlawfull game he shall not play whereby his said master may have damage with his
own goods nor the goods of others without license from his master he shall not buy nor sell he
shall not absent himself day nor night from his said masters service without his leave nor haunt
alehouses taverns nor play houses but in all things behave himself a faithfull apprentice ought to
do during the said term and the said master shall use the utmost of his endeavors to teach or
cause to be taught or instructed the said apprentice in the trade or mistery of a blacksmith and to
give him the said apprentice sufficient freedom dues and procure and provide for him sufficient
meat drink claothes washing and lodging fitting for an apprentice during the said term of seven
years and give him schooling to read write and cypher as far as the rule of three and doe the true
performance of all and singular the covenants and agreements aforesaid the parties bind
themselves each to the other firmly by there presants in witness whereof the said parties have
interchangeably set their hand and seals here into dated this 20th of May 1789.

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                    <text>TH Is

IND

Ye /ta
o/r~t~~~fjou
TH

AT

w IT

_ENT u RE

ffit&lt;-"7
JtJ&lt;-{.,,.
{7,J-€,
~~

71t

H;

s ET.

NE.$

,;c-{~./ .;;ocJ,-"

/J0-71~de
n-(7fo~~#;-;~~a:::p£

hath ptt t Imnfeif;-and by thefe Prefents,

J

OV-ev.RQ/T'

x?

d

{J,.~«;f--c/4,LA

and

doth Voluntarily ,

of his own free Vvill and Accord, put himfe1f Apprentice to - Y/&gt;171,-7')/

c/20

/

to le arn his Art,

Trade and ~Myil:ery; and after the Manner of an Ap ...

7
prentice, to ferve the faid
~~
from t he Day of the Date hereof, for, and dur· ng, and unto the full End

{J'f~" "Y

½u

and Term of ~

C

r J

j- ~rJe Jc a,r',.,,.
his

faid Mafler faithfully

fhall fcrve, h is Secrets keep, his lawful Commands

at all ~Iiincs re:-di1y

during all which

Term

the faid Apprentice

Obey: He (},al~ do no Damage to his faid MaCT:er,nor fee it tv b~ c 0 ; 1e
•by others, without giving Not ice thereof to h is faid Mailer: j , fo;;il
not wafie his faid !.1after's Good , _nor lend them unlawfully to an) : Le
ihall not commi t Forni&lt;;at.i.on or .contract Matrimony within the f id
Term . At Ca 1:ds, Dice , or any ctk r unlawful Game, he !bali no t j)i.iy
vhereby his fa.id Mafier may have Damage.

With

his own Good s, no r

the Goods of others. without Licenfe frog_1his Maft er, he {hall not buy
nor fell. He !hall not abfent b imfelf Day or Night from his faid Mafier ·s
Service, without his Leave, nor haunt Alehoufes , Taverns , or Playhoufr:~ ,
bnt in all Things behave himfelf as a faithful Apprentice
during the faid Term.

oug

1t

to do,

And the faid Mafi:er ih all ufe the utmoCT:of h:s

Endeavours to teach, or caufo to be taugh t or infiru 5red, the faid Apy /
).
__pr
entice, in t he Trade or Myfl:ery of
lrJ,£.,.&lt;'P' CIY~da.u.•'rl.( , ,.i&lt;/,;; ~-· /7kPa.'. J (?N / ~(,,,"/,: /,
/,)tf,7 ;J ✓,/; .✓..,,.,.,. ,,
~,....,_a /;,-,. "&lt;..#&lt;&gt;--...L,, L' k P,1",~), £ ,,y/','f,,
r
,.u
(i
r
p_;.:
,r.L
f.£.:e
✓,,,,_..,..,,,. .ea. ,1 -. .,r~
o-"",IT r~~ ~ £ r
r
Cl
,,. ,e,._ ,_
and procure or provide for him fofficient I eat, Drink,
ot es, vVafofr:g

J7'.
/:;l/eirJ;:
~U:,r5
:_;;:~;;;1
,_-r;H
m
A

i',~-

and Lodging , fittin_g_for an_App~e tic e, during the_laid Term uf. /,{ ;: ½;~.,7.,. , u ,,.....
µ l' /_r;.,. r. ~ ; ,
&lt;'? !,-:I' q;'.ec ", 7 /:-&lt;.,,,,
'/ , , /..,4 c 7
Po/p7,cl/£.u..,,r , , o~J/~ - , , ecY,-,;/;)
t-~
4.nd for the true Perfo rman ce of all a!ld fingular the Covec.!.:.nts an d
,..':'/.co,.,.JY

./2_

,/ 1/,n~

A g reements aforefaid, the Parties
firm y by th efe Prefents,

h,'1

bind themf lves , each unto

WIT

0

O, e Thoufand

Day -.;of(

&lt;$,~&gt;-'~
J·/r~_,, ffyea
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/ £u,•~£

Seven h undrcu. aad Eighty

, ':/'';

--:t:°.I

. ~/tr---t;,✓• a ~
;it:
~
~f!2Jt7#

.-~r,

in .thf-·ear

Dated

1e

t

of our_ L o J

C £ ,, .e..

and m

1

tL e

of the Com;I1onwealth.·

~nd
_7:,cl~ver:d}

11' I/Ji.

nc

S whereof, the faiu Pai t1~s

NES

iat rchano-eab y fet t ei\ Hands and Seals hereunto.

/4½,u/'ff

,, I?&lt;

IN

-PjXt e41/,

-- -------

t-✓ff,:li- L,;-

k~ J_fo;Jacfe
ti' , {

�•,

. ,,..
,

.,

.

...

..

�</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Jacob Custer overseer of the poor of the County of Rockingham
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these presents doth put and bind Norton Gum born the 15 day of August 1789 an apprentice to
William Bryan of the said county of Rockingham to serve him in said county till he arrives to the
aid of twenty one years during all the said term of time the said apprentice his master faithfully
shall serve his secrets keep his lawfull commands everywhere obey he shall do no damage to his
said master neither suffer it to be done by others he shall neither buy nor sell commit fornication
or contract matrimony or play at cards dice or any other unlawfull game with his own or his said
masters goods or the goods of others whereby his said master may have damage Neither haunt
alehouses taverns or play houses he shall not waste his masters goods or lend them unlawfully to
any neither absent himself day nor night from his said masters service without his leave but in all
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In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat drink washing
lodging and appearal fitting for such an apprentice during the said term and time and to teach the
said apprentice or cause to be taught to read the bible well also to wright and cypher to the rule
of three and to learn him the questions and answers of his faith Likewise to learn him the
powdermaking trade with all its branches and at the expiration of said term of time to pay or
cause to be paid to the said apprentice the freedom dues customary and according to law for such
apprentice in witness whereof each of us hatch here unto set our hands and affixed our seals this
twelfth day of April 1800.
Signed sealed and delivered
In the presents of us
Jason Beggs
John Lockard

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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Reuben Moore one of the overseers of the poor of Rockingham
County by an order of court to me directed and by these presents I bind out Elijah Lang
apprentice to Solomon Matthews to learn the art and trade of a blacksmith and after the manner
of an appritence to serve the said Solomon Matthews from the day of the date hereof for and
during and unto the full end and term of twenty one years during all which term the said
apprentice his said master faithfully shall serve his secrets keep his lawfull commands at all
times readily obey he shall do no damage to his said master nor see it to be done by others
without giving notice there of to his said master he shall not waste his said masters goods nor
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for him sufficient meat drink cloathes washing and lodging fitting for an apprentice during the
said term of
And give him schooling to read write and cypher as far as the rule of three and for the true
performance of all and singular the covenants and agreements aforesaid the parties ding
themselves each to the other firmly by these presants in witness whereof the said parties have
interchangeably set their hands and seals hereunto dated the 7th of Sept 1789

�</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Matt Lair one of the overseers of the poor of the parish of
Rockingham County and state of Virginia and district of Harrisonburgh by an order of the court
of said county at the August court one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine hath and by these
presents doth put and bind John Dolton at the age of sixteen years old the first day of September
last past an apprentice to William Cravens or his heirs of the same parish to serve him his secrets
keep his lawful commands gladly everywhere obey he shall do no damage to his said masternor
suffer it to be done by others. He shall neither buy nor sell nor commit fornication nor contract
matrimony nor play at cards dice or any other unlawful game with his own goods or the goods of
others whereby his master may have damage. Nor haunt alehouses, or taverns, or playhouses. He
shall not waste his masters goods or lend them unlawfully to any. Nor absent himself night nor
day from his masters service without leave. But in all things behave himself as a faithful servant
and apprentice ought to do
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat drink washing
lodging and apperal fitting for such an apprentice during the term and teach the said apprentice to
read the Bible perfectly and to write a ledgable hand and cypher to the rule of three and said
master shall do his utmost indeavour to instruct the said apprentice in the art and mistery of a
weaver trade or cause it to be done. And at the expiration of said term shall pay or cause to be
paid unto the said apprentice the sum of three pounds ten shillings and one good suit of clothes
exclusive of wearing apperal. In witness whereof each party bind themselves unto the other
interchangeably sealed with their seals this 22nd day of February one thousand seven hundred and
ninety
Signed sealed and delivered in the presence of Anthony Rader Robert Cravens

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                <text>indenture of Apprenticeship, John Delton to Wlliams Cravens </text>
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                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I William Shipman of the county and parish of Rockingham and
state of Virginia being at the age of twenty one years do of my own free will and accord bind my
self apprentice to Frederick Spangler of said county parish and state for and during the term of
two years and a half to commence from the first day of December last past and to continue until
the aforesaid term in fully and completely [illegible] during which term the said apprentice his
said master shall faithfully serve his secrets keep his lawful commands everywhere gladly obey
he shall do no damage to his masters nor willful suffer it to be done by others he shall neither
buy nor sell fornication he shall not commit matrimony he shall not contract at cards dice or any
other unlawful games he shall not play with his own goods nor the goods of others whereby his
said master may have damage nor haunt alehouses taverbs or playhouses he shall not waste his
said masters goods nor lend them to any without his leave but in all things behave himself as a
good and faithfull apprentice aught to do
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat drink washing
and lodging fitting for an apprentice during the said term and teach the said apprentice the art
trade mistery or occupation of a blacksmith as far as in his power lies during the said term and at
the expiration of the said term to give the said apprentice one good new suit of cloaths as by law
directed for such apprentices. By indenture in witness whereof each party bind themselves to the
other and enter chargably have here unto set their hands and affixed their seals this twenty fifth
day of January 1791
Signed sealed and Delivered in presents of
John Erwin

�</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I John Lincoln, one of the overseers of the poor for the County of
Rockingham in the state of Virginia by an order of the said county court held the fourth Monday
in January, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, hath and by these presents doth put and
bind Rachal Safly, base born child of Barbara Safly to the aged of ten years the fifteenth day of
October last past… Apprentice to Martin Shomaker, of the same place to serve him in the said
county until she arrives at the age of eighteen years during all which term the said apprentice her
said master faithfully shall serve, his secrets keep, his lawful commands everywhere obey; she
shall do no damage to her said master, no willfully suffer it to be done by others; she shall
neighter buy nor sell without her said masters leave; fornication she shall not commit; matrimony
she shall not contract, a cards dice or any other unlawful game she shall not play, with her own
goods, nor haunt alehouses, taverns, or plahouses; she shall not waste her said masters goods, nor
lend them to any without his consent; she shall not absent herself by day nor night from her said
masters service, without his leave, but in all things behave herself as a good and faithful servant,
or apprentice aught to do.
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat, drink,
washing, lodging, and apparel, fitting for such apprentice during the said term and teach the said
apprentice to read the Bible well and to write a tolerable hand, to teach or cause her to be taught
to knit, sew, and spin; and at the expiration of said term to pay or cause to be paid to said
apprentice a spinning wheel, a Bible, and a bed. Besides the freedom dues customary for such
appretince.
In witness whereof each fo the parties bind themselves to the other. Sealed with their seals this
twenty fourth day of February one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one.
Signed, sealed, delivered in the presence of John Fitzwater Jacob Bowman

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                    <text>f

1 IS
INDENTURE
WI
NESSETH
., '
T ~ · AT .f//.£#Lrv/4 e,~a
n.?fbcU/U7
'7 ~~1f~
c,J~,;-.t'~•m·1~ ~
,4 ~ ??--~ u;r-/L,.,,__./)
G,:~
..-o/7~~ L Ir~ #.14.e~----knb pnt t1im'-,l£, and by thefe PrefentS';i .f?r,457~

"

~./4n /o/~

-.-?

~

11~

Voluntarily;

~:w'l!

~~

and

~ ~ak-

of ,qP'-own free Will and Accord, p:at±in1 j~Appnmticc

fa~~

:ea-kvB;~-;7✓~~

:a-fo-~

TIZds and ll'.19137:
1 } and -after the M~nner of an Ap..:

~t/,

prentice, to ferve the faid

f~.v~o:-'u:1'.J{
4 ~~ ~
the fullEnd

froM the Day of the Date hereof, for, and c.1ring, and un
and~Term of gJ~c~~~ ~
f/b TL:11:/a.:rxL- .J~~
during all whic h Term the faid Appren

1

~

~

,e h~ [aid Mafier £ ithfully

ihall fer':,,S,his Secrets keep, his lawful Comm:mds

at all Tim es readil y

Obey: uffe G,all do no amage to h fll faid Maft t r, no fee it to be done
-by oth ers, without giving Notice thereof .o het1 [ id Mafi:er.- ~
Q;all
not wafie hf«'faid
iliallnot

1a!ler's Good,, nor lend th em unlawfully to any: ~

commit Fornication,

nor contract

Matrimony

within the f.1id

T erm. At ,C ard , Dice, or any qther unla vful Game,lhe G1all not pl&lt;!y
,
whereby hfl' faid Mafier may have Damage. v\!ith ~
own Good s, nor
the Goods of others, without Licenfc frorn lMM aiter, ihe 1ha11 not buy
nor fell.

A.e1111not abfent hfrtf elf Day or Night

from her faid Mafier's

Service, wit out his Leave, nor haunt Alehoufes, Taverns , or Playhoufrs ,
but in all Things behave ht'lfffelf as a faithful Apprentic - ought to do,
during the faid Term. And the faid M:1fcer{h,dl ufe t 11e utmoft of his
End avours to t ach,

or caufo to be taught or inftr~d~d,

prentice, in th e Trnde or Myfiery of

~f~

.z1.--d

~/3~

J~~

.~e&amp;,,,_,l)~

the faid Ap~

-' ~~,~ ;t
l,Oe, ;(,,,,~~,Y~+

~~o

.f~~~~~~
_(.,&lt;od.-.P'Vr/;r~ lV/~~
v~~~o/
and procure or provide for h eu"f uffic1ent Meat, Drink, Clothes, Wa!lung

and ,Lodging , fitting for an Apprentice, during the faid Term of
-

~~

at4

~~

-€
;jlU-

And for the .frtie P-erformance of aU and hngular the Covenants and
Agreements aforefaid, the Parties bind them.fi lves , each unto th e otb r,
firmly by thefo Prefents,
IN WI . r ·ES S whereof, the faid P · rc· r:s

fet their Hands and Seals hereunto .
,it d th e
~/l-;.,
Day of vflp,,vd
- ~ in the Year of o r L&lt;J,d
One Thoufar.d Seven Hundred and ~.e/y
(J?~
d 1 me
Year of the Commonwealth&lt;
have interchangeably

pj~/l!';

Smleian1 Delivered}
w
tb · I'rejmc.:
oj
,
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~~

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/ (JkJ /JctfY

'.~

j

~ ~fl('tlft;
...

)

-£ -·

�•

'

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..

..

�</text>
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                    <text>This indenture made the twenty fourth day of September one thousand seven hundred and ninety
two Witnesseth, that I John Lincoln one of the overseers of the poor of Rockingham County, by
virtue of an order of the court of the said county held in April last, and to me directed, doth put
and bind Frederick Francis, orphant of Lewis Francis deceased apprentice to George Switzel of
said county Tobacconist with him after the manner of an apprentice to serve from the said
twenty-fourth day of September above said until he arrives at the age of twenty one years, he
being seventeen years and five months old the fifth day of this instance. During all which time
the said apprentice his said master faithfully shall serve, his secrets keep, his lawful commands
and every where obey he shall do no damage to his said master, nor willfully suffer it to be done
by others, without giving notice thereof to his said master, he shall not waste his said masters
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said master he shall neither buy nor sell. HE shall not absent himself day nor night from his said
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or cause him to be learned the art and mystery of a Tobacconist, and learn or cause him to learn
to read the Bible well, to write a tolerable hand and cypher through the rule of three, within said
term and at the expiration of said term to pay or give him said freedom dues . In witness whereof
the parties to these presents have here unto let their hands and affixed their seals the day and year
above written
Sealed and delivered in the presence of Peter Bernhart William Johns

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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I John Lincoln one of the overseers of the poor, for the parish and
County of Rockingham in the state of Virginia, by an order of said county court to me directed,
held the fourth Monday of one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine, hath and by these
presents doth put and bind Jonas Painter, orphan of Elias Painter of the age of fifteen years the
first day of May last past apprentice to Ferdenand Lair of the same place to serve him in the said
county or parish until he arrives at the age of twenty one years, during which term, the said
apprentice his said master faithfully shall serve his secrets keep, his lawful commands every
where obey; he shall do no damage to his said master, nor willfully suffer it to be done by others;
he shall neither buy nor sell without his said masters leave; fornication he shall not commit,
matrimony he shall not contract, at cards, dice, or any other unlawful game, he shall play, with
his own goods or the goods of others, whereby his said master may have damage, nor haunt
alehouses, playhouses, or taverns; he shall not waste his said masters goods, nor lend them to any
without his consent but in all things behave himself a good and faithful servant or apprentice
ought to do.
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat, drink,
washing, lodging, and apparel fitting for such apprentice, during the said term, and teach the said
apprentice to read the Bible well, to write and cypher through the rule of three, and learn him or
cause to be paid to said apprentice the freedom dues customary for such apprentice.
In witness whereof each partie bind themselves to the other. Sealed with their seals, this thirtieth
day of March one thousand seven hundred and ninety-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of Richard Custer John Briggs

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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I James Quinn one of the overseers of the poor of the parish and
county of Rockingham and state of Virginia and in the district of Harrisonburg by an order of the
court of said county at the December term one thousand and seven hundred and ninety four hath
and by these presents doth put and bind Felix Boicourt of the age of fourteen years the eleventh
day of Apriel last past unto Andrew Shanklin of the aforesaid county and parish to serve him
until he arrives to the age of twenty one years during all the said term of time the said apprentice
his masters faithfully shall serve his secrets keep his lawfull command gladly everywhere obey
he shall do no damage to his said master nor suffer it to be done by others he shall neither buy
nor sell nor commit fornication nor contract matrimony or play at cards dice or any other
unlawfull game with his owm goods or the goods of others whereby his master may have
damage nor haunt alehouses nor taverns or playhouses he shall not waist his masters goods or
lend them unlawfully to any nor absent himself night nor day from his masters service without
leave but in all things behave himself as a faithfull servant or apprentice aught to do;
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat drink washing
and lodging and apperal fitting for such apprentice during the term and teach him the said
apprentice to read the Bible perfectky and wright a leageable ahnd and as far in arthmatic as to
include the rule of three and the said master shall teach or cause him to be taught the art trade or
mistery of house carpenter and joyner as far as in his power or said apprentice is capable of
learning and at the expiration of the above term shall pay or cause to be paid to said apprentice
three pounds ten shillings and one good suit of cloaths exclusive of his wareing apperl
In witness whereof each parties binds themselves to the other interchangeably sealed with our
seals and dated this 27th day of December 1794
Sealed and delivered in present of Benjamin Harrison Bethuel Herring

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                  <text>Series III is comprised of Rockingham County Indentures of Apprenticeship, which were formal contracts created by the overseers to bind poor or orphaned children to a "master" with who they would learn a trade. Their term generally lasted until the age of twenty-one for males and eighteen for females. Trades were typically determined by the apprentice's sex as well. Active labor and semi-skilled artisan positions were reserved for males, while females often served their term learning to sew, spin, knit, or domestic labor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Overseers of the Poor collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, Felix Boicourt to Andrew Franklin</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I James Quinn one of the overseers of the poor for the county of
Rockingham and state of Virginia doth by these presents put and bind John Bright Jun. to John
Bright Sen. It being by an order of court he being fourteen years of age the fifteenth day of June
1794 and to serve him in the said county and state of Virginia until he arrives to the aide of
twenty one years during which time the said apprentice his said master shall faithfully serve his
secrets keep his lawfull commands every where obey he shall do no damage to his said master
nor willfully suffer it to be done by others he shall neither by nor sell fornication he shall not
commit matrimony he shall not contract at cards dice or any other unlawfull game she shall not
play with his masters goods or the goods of others whereby his said master may receive
dammage he shall neither haunt taverns alehouses or playhouses but in all things behave himself
as a good and faithfull servant or apprentice ought to do
In consideration where of the said master shall provide sufficient meat washing lodging and
apperal fitting for such an apprentice [illegible] the said term to learn him to read and write and
cypher through the rule of three also to learn him the art and mistery of a tanner in the best
manner of our county and at the expiration of said time pay or cause to be paid three pounds ten
shillings to the said apprentice also to give him a good new suit of cloathing where of each party
do bind themselves to the other interchangeably
By these presents sealed with our seals and dated this 25th day of November 1794
In presence of Henry Miller John Graham

�</text>
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        <name>Bright</name>
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