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                    <text>This indenture made the 28th day of August one thousand eight hundred and fore between
Alexander Graham overseer of the poor for the south district in the county of Rockingham of the
one part and Martin Burkholder of said county of the other part witnesseth that the said overseer
of the poor in pursuance of an order of cort of said county bearing date April coart last doe put
place and bind Rudy Fry a poor boy age eight years old in February last as an apprentice unto the
said Martin Burkholder to dwell with and serve him until he shall arrive to the age of 21 years
In consideration whereof the said Burkholder doth bind himself to the said Graham or his
successor overseer of the poor to teach and instruct or cause to be taught the said apprentice the
art and mistery of a wheel right within the time above mentioned and to find the said apprentice
cloath meat drink and lodging fit and convenient for such an apprentice and to teach or cause
him to be taught to read wright and common arthimatick including the rule of three and at the
end of his servitude shall give unto the said apprentice such freedom dues as the law directs in
witness wherof each of us haith hereunto sett our hands and seals the day and year above written

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                    <text>This indenture made this 18th day of April eighteen hundred and four between Alexander
Graham overseer of the poor for the south district in the county of Rockingham of the one part
and John Landis of the said county of the other part Witnesseth that the said overseer of the poor
in pursuance of an order of the court of said county of Rockingham made this day do put and
bind Joseph Fry (a poor child of John Fry aged twelve years old in may next) with him after the
manner of an apprentice to dwell and serve until he shall arrive to the age of twenty one years to
learn the art trade and mistery of a blacksmith
In consideration of which the said Landis binds himself to the said Graham or his successor
overseer of the poor to teach instruct or cause to be taught and instructed the said Joseph Fry the
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the end of his service shall pay and satisfy to the said Joseph all such freedom dues as he shall
have a right to demand in Witnesseth whereof the said overseer of the poor and the said Landis
hath hereunto set their hands and seals the day first above written

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                    <text>This indenture made the 22nd day of December one thousand eight hundred and four between
Alexander Graham overseer of the poor for the south district in the county of Rockingham of the
one part and George Berry of the said county of the other part Witnesseth that the said overseer
of the poor in pursuance of an order of the coart of said county bearing date of September coart
last doe put place and bind William Black of said county a poor boy being eighteen years of age
the twenty fourth day of January last past as an apprentice unto the said George Berry to dwell
with and serve him until he shall arrive to the age of twenty one years
In consideration whereof the said George Berry doth bind him self to the said Graham or his
successor overseer of the poor to teach or instruct of cause to be taught the said William Black
the art and mistery of a blacksmith within the term above mentioned and to furnish the said
apprentice with cloath meat drink and lodging fit and convenient for such an apprentice and to
teach or cause him to be taught to read and wright and common arithmatick including the rule of
three and at the end of his apprenticeship shall give unto the said apprentice such freedom dues
as the law directs in witness whereof each of us hath hereunto sett hour hands and seals the day
and year above written

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                    <text>This indenture made the 18th day of July in the year of our Lord 1803 between Jacob Nicholas
and Henry Cook overseers of the poor in the county of Rockingham of the one part and Philip
Long of the same county aforesaid of the other part witnesseth that the said Jacob Nicholas and
Henry Cook by virtue of an order of the court of the said county in June last have put placed and
bound and by these presents do put place and bind William Long a natural child of Catharine
Rhinehart of the age of eight years to be an apprentice with him the said Philip Long and as an
apprentice with him the said Philip Long to dwell from the date of these presents until the said
William Long shall come to the age of twenty one years according to the act of General
Assembly in that case made and provided By and during all which term and time the said
William Long shall the said Philip Long his master well and faithfully serve in all such lawful
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and ability of him the said William Long and honestly and obediently in all things behave
himself towards his master and honestly and orderly towards the family of the said Philip Long.
And the said Philip Long for his part for himself his ex and adm doth hereby promise and
covenant to and with the said overseers of the poor and their successors for the time being and to
and with the said William Long that he the said Philip Long shall cause to be taught and
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apparel washing lodging and all other things needful or nect for an apprentice for the said term.
And also that the said Philip Long shall teach or cause to be taught to the said William Long
reading, writing, and common arithmetic including the rule of three; and will moreover pay unto
the said William Long the sum of twenty dollars at the expiration of the said term. In witness
whereof the said parties have interchangeably set hereunto their hands and seals the day and year
first above written

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                    <text>This indenture made this 12th day of October in the year 1802 and in the 20th year of the
independence of the United States of America between John Graham and David Rolsten
overseers of the poor of the south district of the county of Rockingham of the one part and
alexander Graham of said county of the other part Witnesseth that the said overseers aforesaid by
virtue of an order of the court of the aforesaid county bearing date the September Coart last past
have put placed and bound and by these presents doe put place and bind William Donovan a
poor boy of the age of ten years and six months to be an apprentice with him the said Alexander
Graham to dwell with him until he the said William Donovan shall come to the age of twenty
one year According to the act of Assembly in that case made and provided during all which time
the said William Donovan shall the said Alexander Graham faithfully serve in all lawfull
business as the said apprentice shall be directed to doe by said master and shall honestly and
faithfully behave himself towards the said masters fammelly and the said Alexander Graham on
his part his heirs executors doth hereby promise to and with the said overseers of the poor and
every of their successors for the time being to and with the said apprentice that he the said master
shall the said apprentice teach or cause to be taught the art and mistery of the sadling business
after the best manner and that he the said master shall furnish the said apprentice with sufficient
deit and cloathing during the term above mentioned and also that the said master shall cause the
said apprentice to be taught reading and righting and common arithmatick including the rule of
three and will pay unto said apprentice the sum of twelve dollars at the expiration of the
aforesaid term in witness whereof the partys have here unto sett their hands and seals the day and
year above mentioned

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                    <text>This indenture made this 29th day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
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overseer of the poor in the county of Rockingham of the one part and Benjamin Bowman of the
said county of the other part Witnesseth that the said David Rolston overseer of the poor as
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                    <text>This indenture made this 29th day of March in the year of one thousand eight hundred and in the
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of the poor in the county of Rockingham of the one part and John Birer of the said county of the
other part Witnesseth that the said David Rolston overseer of the poor as aforesaid by virtue of
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and bound and by these presents do put place and bind Sarah or Sally Shumaker a poor girl of
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Jacob Custer overseer of the poor of the county of Rockingham
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these presents doth put and bind Jehu Gum born the 14th day of May 1787 an apprentice to
William Bryan of the said county of Rockingham to serve him in said county till he arrives to the
age of twenty-one years. During all the said term of time the said apprentice his master faithfully
shall serve his secrets keep his lawfull commands everywhere obey he shall do no damage to his
said master neither suffer it to be done by others he shall neither buy nor sell commit fornication
or contract matrimony or play at cards, dice, or any other unlawful game with his own or his said
masters goods or haunt alehouses, taverns, or playhouses he shall not waste hi masters goods or
lend them unlawfully to any neither absent himself day nor night from his said masters service
without his leave but in all things behave himself as a faithfull servant and apprentice out to do
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure sufficient meat, drink,
washing, lodging, and apparel fitting for such an apprentice during the said term and time and to
teach the said apprentice or cause to be taught to read the Bible well also to wright and cypher to
the rule of three and to learn him the questions and answers of his faith-Likewise to learn him the
powder making trade in all its branches and at the expiration of said term of time to pay or cause
to be paid to the said apprentice the freedom dues customary and according to law for such
required.
In witness whereof each of us hath hereunto set our hands and affixed our seals this twelth day of
April 1800.
Signed, sealed, delivered

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                    <text>This indenture made this 24th day of September in the year of our Lord one thousand seven
hundred and ninety-eight in the twenty third year of the independence of the United States of
America between John graham overseer of the poor in the county of Rockingham of the one part
and Abraham Miller of the other part witnesseth that the said John Graham overseer of the poor
as aforesaid by virtue of an order of the court of the aforesaid county bearing date July 26th 1798
have put, placed, and bound and by these presents do put place and bind Jacob Bergerhiser a
poor boy whose parents Jacob Bergerhiser and Barabara bergerhiser are so poor they cannot
support him of the age of four years the 20 day of February last past to be an apprentice with him
the said Abraham Miller to dwell from the date of these presents until the said Jacob Bergershire
shall come to the age of 21 years according to the act of the General Assembly in that case made
and provided by and during all which time and term the said Jacob Bergerhiser shall the said
Abraham Miller his said master well and faithfully serve in all such lawful business as the said
Jacob Bergerhiser shall be out unto by his said master according to the power wit and ability of
him the said Jacob Bergerhiser and honestly and obediently in all things shall behave himself
towards his said master and honestly and orderly towards the rest of the family of the said
Abraham Miller. And the said Abraham Miller for his part for himself his executors and
administrators doth hereby promise and covenant to and with the said overseer of the poor and
every of them their and every of their executors and administrators and their every of their
successors for the time being and to and with the said Jacob Bergerhiser that he that said Abrahm
Miller shall learn the said Jacob Bergerhiser in the craft mystery and occupation of a sadler
which he the said Abraham Miller now [illegible] after the best manner he can and may teach
instruct and inform or cause to be taught instructed and informed as much as thereunto belongeth
or in any way assertaineth. And that the said Abraham Miller shall also find and allow unto the
said apprentice meat, drink, apparel, washing, lodging, and all other things needful or necessary
for an apprentice during said term and also that the said Abraham Miller shall teach or cause to
be taught to the said Jacob Bergerhiser reading, writing, and common arithmetic including the
rule of three; and will more over pay unto the said Jacob Bergerhiser the sum of twelve dollars at
the expiration of his aforesaid term.
In witness whereof the parties to these presents have interchangeably set their hands and seals
the day and year first above written.

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                    <text>This indenture made this 23rd day of October one thousand seven hundred and ninety seven
between Samuel McWilliams and James Quinn overseers of the poor for district and county of
Rockingham of the one part and William Richardson of the aforesaid county of the other part.
Witnesseth that the said Samuel McWilliams and James Quinn, overseers of the poor as
aforesaid by virtue of an order of the county court of the aforesaid county, bearing date, October
Court 1791 have put, placed and bound and by these presents do put, place, and bind unto Nancy
McClung, poor child of Thomas McClung of the age of twelve years to be an apprentice with
him the said William Richardson and as an apprentice with him the said William Richardson to
dwell from the dare od these presents until the said Nancy McClung shall come to the aide of
eighteen years, and duing to the act of General Assembly, in that case made and provided by and
during all which term and time the said Nancy McClung shall the said William Richardson her
said master, well and faithfully serve, in all such lawfull business as the said Nancy McClung,
shall be put into by her said master William Richardson, according to the power wit and ability
of the said Nancy McClung and honestly and obediently in all things shall behave herself
towards her said Master and honestly and orderly towards the rest of the family of the William
Richardson and the said William Richardson for himself his executors and admin. Doth hereby
covenant and procure to and with the said overseers of the poor and every of them, their and
every of their exers and admins and their and every of their successors for the tune being and to
and with the Nancy McClung that he the said William Richardson, shall the said Nancy
McClung in the craft mistery and occupation of seamstress to writ: sewing, knitting, and
spinning. And that the said William Richardson shall also find and allow unto the said
apprentice, sufficient meat and drink, apparel, washing, lodging, and all other things needful, or
necessary for an apprentice during the term aforesaid; and also that the said William Richardson
shall teach or cause to be taught to the said Nancy McClung reading, writing. And will moreover
pay unto the said Nancy McClung twelve dollars at the expiration of her term aforesaid.
In witness whereof the parties to those parties to these presents have interchangeably set there
hands and seals the day and year first above written. Sealed and delivered in presences of

�</text>
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                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, Nancy McClung to William Richard </text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Jacob Rife, one of the overseers of the poor for the county of
Rockingham and State of Virginia do put and bind Jacob Fisher (orphan) son of Jacob fisher,
agreeable as an order of Court dated at April court ninety-seven to John Cratzier of the county
and state of Aforesaid and after the manner of an apprentice to serve the said John Cratzier from
the say of the date hereof for and during and to the full end and term of four years next
[illegible], during all which term, the said apprentice, his said master faithfully shall serve, his
secrets keep his lawfull commands everywhere readily obey , he shall do damage to his said
masters goods, nor lend them unlawfully to any, he shall not commit fornication, nor contract
matrimony during the said term, he shall not play cards, dice, or any other unlawfull game
whereby his said master may have damage, with his own goods or the goods of others without
license from his said master, he shall neither buy nor sell, he shall not absent himself, day nor
night, from his said masters service without his leave; nor haunt ale houses, taverns, or
playhouses, but in all things behave himself as a faithfull apprentice ought to do during the said
term and this said master shall use the utmost of his endeavors to teach or cause to be taught or
instruct the said apprentice in the trade or mistery of Tanning and Currying and procure and
provide for him sufficient meat, drink, apparel, lodging and washing fitting for any apprentice,
during the said term of four years and within said term to give six months scooling and three day
every harvest to himself with eight pounds in cash at the end of said term with customary free
dues and for the true performance of all and singular the covenants and agreements aforesaid the
said parties bind themselves each unto the other firmly by these presents.
In witness whereof the said parties interchangeably set their hands and sealed hereunto dated
thus 25th day of April one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered.

�</text>
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                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I Jacob Rife one of the overseers of the poor for the county of
Rockingham and State of Virginia do put and bind John Callahan son of John Callahan of the
county and state aforesaid, agreeable to an order of cort dated July, to Joseph Cratzier of the co.
and state aforesaid and after the manner of an apprentice to serve the said Joseph Cratzier from
the day of the Date hereof for and during the full end and term of eight years and eight months
next ensuing. During all which term the said apprentice his said master faithfully shall serve his
secrets keep, his lawful commands everywhere readily obey, he shall do no damage to his said
master, nor see it to be done by others, without [illegible] or giving notice thereof to his said
master he shall not waste his said masters goods, nor lend them unlawfully to any he shall not
commit fornication nor contract matrimony within the said term. He shall not play cards, dice,
and any other unlawful game, whereby by his said master may have damage. This his own
goods, nor the goods of others without license from his said master. She shall neither buy nor
sell, he shall not absent himself day nor night from his said masters service without his leave;
Nor haunt alehouses, taverns, or playhouses, but in all things behave himself as a faithfull
apprentice ought to do. During the said term, and the said master shall use the utmost of his
[illegible] to teach or cause to be taught or instruct the said apprentice in the trade or mistery of
tanning and currying and procure and provide for him sufficient meat, drink, apparel, lodging,
fiting for an apprentice during the said term, to give him English lurning as the law may require
in [illegible] with on the said term, and at the expiration of said term to give him a good freedom
suit with his old clothes with twenty dollars in [illegible] And for the true performance of all and
[illegible] the covenants and agreements aforesaid the said parties bind themselves each unto the
others firmly by these presents.
In witness thereof, the said parties have set their hands and seals here unto dated this 20 th day of
August in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven.

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                  <text>Series III is comprised of Rockingham County Indentures of Apprenticeship, which were formal contracts created by the overseers to bind poor or orphaned children to a "master" with who they would learn a trade. Their term generally lasted until the age of twenty-one for males and eighteen for females. Trades were typically determined by the apprentice's sex as well. Active labor and semi-skilled artisan positions were reserved for males, while females often served their term learning to sew, spin, knit, or domestic labor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Overseers of the Poor collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, John Callahan to Joseph Cratzier</text>
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                    <text>This indenture made this sixteenth day of December in the year of our Lord one thousand seven
hundred and ninety-six in 28th year of our independence of the United States of America between
William Cravens and Samuel McWilliams overseers of the poor of the west district of parish of
Rockingham in the county of Rockingham in the county of Rockingham of the one part and John
Owens of said county of the other part, witnesseth, that the said William Cravens and Samuel
McWilliams overseers of the poor as aforesaid by virtue of an order of the court of the aforesaid
county, bearing date the 26 day of September 1796, have put, placed, and bound and by these
presents do put, palace, and bind Peer Kendle poor child whose parents are not able to maintain
him of the age of fifteen years, last August to be apprentice with him the said John Owens Jr and
as an apprentice with him the said John Owens to dwell from the date of these presents until the
said Peter Kendle shall come to the years of twenty one, according to the act of Assembly in that
case made and provided by and during all which time and term, the said Peter Kendle shall the
said John Owens Jr his said master well and faithfully serve, in all such lawfull business as the
said Peter Kendle shall be put by his said master, according to the power, wit, and ability of him
the said Peter Kendle and honestly and obediently in all things shall behave himself towards his
said master, and honestly and orderly towards the rest of the family of the John Owens Jr. and
the said John Owens Jr for his part for himself his Exers. And Admins. Doth hereby promise and
covenant to I with the said overseers of the poor and every of them, their and way of their exrs.
and adms. And their every of their successors in office for the time being, and to and with the
said Peter Kendle that he that said John Owens Jr shall the said Peter Kendle in the craft, mistery
and occupation of shoe and boot maker which he the said John Owens Jr now useth, after the
best manner that he can or may teach, instruct, and inform, or cause to be taught is instructed and
informed as much as thereunto belongeth or in any [illegible]. And that the said John Owens Jr
shall also find and allow unto the said apprentice sufficient meat, drink, apparel, washing,
lodging, and all other things needful or meet for an apprentice during the term aforesaid.
And also that the said John Owens Jr shall teach, or cause to be taught into the said Peter Kendle,
writing and common arithmetic including the rule of three; and will moreover pay unto the said
Peter Kendle, the sum of twelve dollars at the expiration of his aforesaid term.
In witness whereof the parties to these presents have interchangeable set their hands and seals the
day and year first above written

�</text>
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                  <text>Rockingham County Overseers of the Poor: Indentures of Apprenticeship</text>
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                  <text>Series III is comprised of Rockingham County Indentures of Apprenticeship, which were formal contracts created by the overseers to bind poor or orphaned children to a "master" with who they would learn a trade. Their term generally lasted until the age of twenty-one for males and eighteen for females. Trades were typically determined by the apprentice's sex as well. Active labor and semi-skilled artisan positions were reserved for males, while females often served their term learning to sew, spin, knit, or domestic labor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Overseers of the Poor collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>The Overseers of the Poor of Rockingham County</text>
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              <name>Publisher</name>
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                  <text>JMU Libraries </text>
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                  <text>1766-1871</text>
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                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, Peter Kendle to John Own </text>
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                <text>Shoe and boot maker</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Overseers of the Poor</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="55065">
                <text>JMU Libraries </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55066">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
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                <text>Osp003_001_032</text>
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        <name>Kendle</name>
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        <name>Own</name>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth, that I Jacob Riffe one of the overseers of the poor for parish and
county of Rockingham in the State of Virginia by virtue of an order of court, made the July court
one thousand seven hundred and ninety six do put and bind Agnes Gum, orphan of Norton Gum
aged twelve years the eleventh day of this instant June, apprentice to John Vance of the same
county, to serve him in said county until she arrives at the age of eighteen years during which
term the said apprentice her said master faithfully shall serve, his secrets keep, his lawful
commands every obey, she shall do no damage to her said master nor willfully suffer it to be
done by others, she shall neither buy nor sell without her said masters leave, fornication she shall
not commit, matrimony she shall not contract, at cards, dice, or any other unlawful game she
shall not play, nor haunt alehouses, taverns, or playhouses; she shall not waste her said masters
goods, nor lend them to any without his consent but in allthings behave hereof as good and
faithful servant or apprentice out to do.
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure for said apprentice, sufficient
meat, drink, washing, lodging, and apparel fitting for such apprentice, during the said term and
teach the said apprentice to read and write a tolerable hand, to knit, sew and spin and at the
expiration of said term, pay, or cause to be paid to said apprentice the freedom dues customary
for such apprentice.
In witness whereof each partie bind themselves to the other firmly by these presents. Sealed with
their seals, this twenty fourth day of June one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of ----

�</text>
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                  <text>Rockingham County Overseers of the Poor: Indentures of Apprenticeship</text>
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                    <text>This indenture made this first day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred
and ninety six and in the twentieth year of the independence of the United States of America
between Samuel McWilliams overseers of the poor in the county Rockingham on the one part
and Mark Newland of the said county of the other part witnesseth that the said Samuel
McWilliams overseer of the poor as aforesaid by virtue of an order of court of the aforesaid
county bearing date the 27th day of June in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety six
have put placed and bond by these presents do put place and bind Mary Downey a poor child
whose parents William Downey and Mary Downey are not able to maintain her of age of ten
years the thirteenth day of March last to be an apprentice with him the said Mark Newland as an
apprentice with him the said Mark Newland to dwell from the date of these presents until the
said Mary Downey shall come to the age of eighteen years according to the act of general
assembly in that case made and provided during all which time and term the said Mary Downey
shall the said Mark Newland her said master well and faithfully serve in all such lawful business
as the said Mary Downey shall be put unto by her said master according to the wit power and
ability of her the said Mary Downey. Honestly and obediently in all things shall behave herself
towards her said master. Honestly and orderly towards the rest of the family of the said Mark
Newland. And the said Mark Newland for his part for himself his executors and administrators
doth hereby promise and covenant with the said overseer of the poor and ever of them their every
cessors for the time being said and with the said Mary Downey in the business of sewing,
spinning, and knitting shall teach and instruct or cause to be taught and instructed the best way
and manner that he can and that the said Mark Newland shall also find and allow unto the said
apprentice sufficient meat drink apparel washing lodging and all other things needful or
necessary for an apprentice during the term aforesaid and also the said Mark Newland shall teach
or cause to be taught to the said Mary Downey reading, writing, and common arithmatick
including the rule of three and will moreover pay to the said Mary Downey the sum of twelve
dollars at the expiration of the said term. In witness whereof the parties to these presents
indentures have interchangeably set their hands and seals the day of year above written.

�</text>
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                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I John Lincoln, one of the overseers of the poor, for the parish and
county of Rockingham in the state of Virginia by an order of court to me directed held the fourth
Monday of September one thousand seven hundred and ninety five hath and by these presents
doth put and bind Debera Woldridge base-born child of Mary Woldridge, (of the age of eight
years the twenty-fifth day of December one thousand seven hundred ninety-four) Apprentice to
Ann Calhoon, of the same place, to serve her in said state until she arrives at the age of eighteen
years, during which term the said apprentice, her said mistress faithfully shall serve, her secrets
keep, her lawful commands everywhere obey, she shall do no damage to her to her said mistress,
nor willfully suffer it to be done by others she shall neither buy nor sell without her said
mistresses leave, fornication the shall not commit, matrimony she shall not contract, she shall not
absent herself by day or night without her said mistresses leave, she shall not waste her said
mistresses goods, nor lend them to any without her consent, but in all things behave herself as a
good and faithful servant or apprentice ought to do.
In consideration whereof the said mistress shall provide and procure for said apprentice
sufficient meat, drink, washing, lodging, and apparel fitting for such apprentice during the said
term, and teach the said apprentice to read the Bible well and write a tolerable hand, and learn
her to knit, sew, and spin and at the end, or expiration of said term, pay or cause to be paid to
said apprentice the freedom dues customary or lawful for such apprentice.
In witness whereof, each partie to these presents bind themselves to the other. Sealed with their
seals, this twenty fourth day of October one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five.
Signed and sealed in the presence of John Harrison Jacob Claypool

�</text>
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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I James Quinn one of the overseers of the poor for the county of
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presents put and bind Bethewel Williams a base born child who was formly bound to Robert
Samples, to Archibald Rutherford for the term of five years to learn the art and trade of a
gunsmith, to serve him as an apprentice in the said county and state of Virginia, which time the
said apprentice his said master shall faithfully serve, his secrets keep, his lawfull commands
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rule of three, and at the expiration of a term pay or cause to be paid all freedom dues customary
or as the law directs. In witness whereof we do bind ourselves to each other interchangeably by
these presents unto with ourselves and dated this 25th day of October 1795
James Quinn

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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I John Lincoln overseer of the poor for the parish and county of
Rockingham, by an order of court, (held June 1795, for said county) to me directed, hath and by
these presents doth, put and bind Sarah Grace daughter of James Grace of the age of five years
the fifth day of June last past, Apprentice to Peter Setty Senior for the same parish to serve him
in the said parish, until until she arrives at the aide of eighteen years; during which term, the said
apprentice her said master faithfully shall serve, him secrets keep, his lawful commands
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ought to do.
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learned to knit, sew, and spin and at the expiration of said term, pay or cause to be paid to said
apprentice, the freedom dues customary and lawful for such apprentice.
In witness whereof each partie bind themselves to the other firmly by these presents. Sealed with
their seals this fifteenth day of December, one thousand seven hundred and ninety five.
Witness present
John Harrison
Jesse Lincoln

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                    <text>This indenture witnesseth that I John Lincoln, one of the overseers of the poor for the parish and
county of Rockingham, by an order of said court to me directed held, hath and by these presents
doth, put and bind Isaac Grace, son of James Grace of the age of seven years, the 25th March last
past apprentice to Benjamin Grace of the same parish and county, to serve him in the said parish
until he arrives at the age of twenty one years during which term, the said apprentice his said
master faithfully shall serve, his secrets keep, his lawful commands everywhere obey, he shall do
no damage to his said master, nor willfully suffer it to be done by others, he shall neither by nor
sell without his said masters leave; fornication he shall not commit, matrimony he shall not
contract, at cards, dice, or any other unlawful game he shall not play, with his own goods, or the
goods of others whereby his said master may have damage, nor haunt alehouses, taverns, or
playhouses; he shall not waste his said masters goods, nor lend them to any without his consent,
but in all things behave himself as a good and faithful servant or apprentice ought to do.
In consideration whereof the said master shall provide and procure for said apprentice, sufficient
meat, drink, washing, lodging and apparel fitting for such apprentice during the said term, and
teach the said apprentice or cause him to be taught to read, write, and cypher through the rule of
three, and learn him or cause him to be learned the mystery or trade of a Weaver extensively, and
at the end or expiration of said term, pay or cause to be paid to said apprentice, the freedom dues
customary and lawful for such apprentice.
In witness whereof each partie bind themselves to the other firmly by these presents. Sealed with
their seals this seventeenth day of December one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of John Barnett John Harrison

�</text>
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                  <text>Rockingham County Overseers of the Poor: Indentures of Apprenticeship</text>
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                  <text>Series III is comprised of Rockingham County Indentures of Apprenticeship, which were formal contracts created by the overseers to bind poor or orphaned children to a "master" with who they would learn a trade. Their term generally lasted until the age of twenty-one for males and eighteen for females. Trades were typically determined by the apprentice's sex as well. Active labor and semi-skilled artisan positions were reserved for males, while females often served their term learning to sew, spin, knit, or domestic labor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Overseers of the Poor collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                  <text>The Overseers of the Poor of Rockingham County</text>
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                  <text>JMU Libraries </text>
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                  <text>1766-1871</text>
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                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
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              <name>Format</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/11"&gt;Overseers of the Poor: Minutebooks and Correspondences&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="58548">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4525"&gt; Overseers of the Poor Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1795</text>
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                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, Isaac Grace to Benjamin Grace </text>
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                <text>JMU Libraries </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="55006">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
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                <text>Osp003_001_026</text>
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        <name>Grace</name>
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