<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/browse?tags=Rhinehart&amp;output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-04-22T21:05:50+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>2</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="6645" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6380">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_111-commonwealth-v-ed-collins.pdf</src>
        <authentication>167a50411bace281a0862813b4b0bc3a</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="77894">
                    <text>r

•

STATE

OF

VIRGINIA,

COUNTY

OF
To

THE

ROCKINGHAM,
SHERIFF

OR

/P,,.k.t
~~-

Whereas ......
complaint

and information

TO-WIT:

ANY

CONSTABLE

OF

THE

SAID

COUNTY:

....... of the saicl county, has this clay mack
a .Iustice of the Peace of the ,;aid count~-, that

on oath before me, WM. J. POINTS,

/

('-r:-R.

, 190 g---,in said county, dicl

of the said county, on the ..

These are therefore

in the name of the Commom,·ealth

of ,~irginia,

and bring before me or some other Justice the body of the said
to answer the said complaint

[.)

and to be further

you forthwith

to Ia,\'.

~

.L,J--&lt;,;,,
~.,
Summon the follo,,·ing \\·itnesses:

./4.J.t
. ,~-

to apprehend

~~

dealt with according

Given under my hand and seal this

to command

.19or

].

P,, [SEAL]

�r

•

Executed

r,,,,--

~L.c--

, 190 4 , by arresting

this

the above .w1mcd
before

Judgment

day of

on the .

Defendant

{§!J_

~

,190~

found~g-uilty

upon the testimony

on oath of

-[,ff.~~-/#,,~
.......as charged

.,

-...

in the abO\· ,,·arrant,

and

•

�r

•

COMMITMENT

TO

ANSWER

INDICTMENT.

charged

..........................................

and you. the keeeper

........
&amp;.~.

. ................

tnecl for the said offence before the count\·
b~ due course of la,,·.

•.

of the said jail, are hereby

court of s,ucl count\·,

Gi\·en 11ncler my h~ml and seal. this

required

to receive

into your jail and custody,

be-

the said

that he may be

and h1111there safely keep, until he shall be discharged

~t;f;-

.clayof
.~

~...
... f.

.. ~,J.P.

190.~

[L. S,J

�f

•

�r

•

CERTIFICATE

VIRGINIA,

COUNTY

OF

OF COMMITMENT

FOR TRIAL.

ROCKINGHAM---To-w1T:

~''';;;I~
hi..ui

Court of said County :

T

. , a justice of the peace of said connt~·, do hereby certify

_

that I have this day committed

Given under my hand and seal, thi ·

to the jail of
said
"' ....

&lt;JifL-

day of

~,f,

~

..

, 190

~ ., J.P.

¥7
[L. S.]

��Commonwealth of Virginia,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit:
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAi D COUNTY :
Tbe jurors of the Commonwealth

of Virginia,

in and for the body of the County of Rockingham,

and now attending the said Const at its ... ·.... ~~·~········

..... tern,, in the yea, 190.{

upon their oaths present that.. ......................................................................................................

&amp;

.

ft~

(

against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth

of Virginia.

Upon the evidence of.. ...................................................................................................
....... ..... ...............

......... .............................................

.

witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the

Grand Jury to give evidence.
. ....................................................................

Clerk.

�Commonwealth
vs.

{

INDICTMENT.

rn.i«f L

(.---.

v'&lt;b.-d_:
....,,:..

,

c.._

~

fy\_x._~-t-

~~

··················•··············•················••··

' f!!:;A

TRUE

~-~~

'

·u(_)

Foreman.

tr.: h~
l~(L,,

::;rt.,,,,/J_ ,·.

,,

f~~~

I,

'

'\r
' I

J
'I:

�Commonwealth of Virginia,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit:
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY:
The jurors of the Commonwealth

and nnw attending the said Cnmt at its ..

of ~·inia,

in and for the body of the County of Rockingham,

./J..#,
...~........
...

te,·m, in the yea, 190 ..... ,

upon their oaths present that. ......................................................................................................

..

u,cf./;:z~

..~····tr'·
~/ry~~~············

7..............
day
..... ~ .........
-----'--

on the .........

{~L

did ..... ~•··

against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth

Upon the evidence of..........
...... ............
Grand

Jliry

,-in the year 190 .... ,, in the ..;.aid County,

of Virginia.

. . . . . ........................................................................................

......... .... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...........................

.

witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the

to give evidence.
· ·

A

\"

C"l:)-~

........................................

.

~ .fk~

, ............................

~

Clerk.

-

�r

•

_..,,

~
~

~

l1'

~

~

~
'.

P►

r

r

j

tD

r

("

r

t

-I
lJ
C
l"l1

)tJ
~

~

r
?1
&lt;::,

i

I

(')
0

h

:~

&lt;'!

"'

1'

:~

3
3
0

::s
,-A-.,

~
(C

r-~~

~

.

E!:

:r

t"'l

2
~

&gt;'

~

~

~

..

�,,

,

.

j

,,.•

-

•

'

.'..' '

f

-

�.. .

,.

•

'

....
.
.

r

•

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77883">
                <text>1908</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77884">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Ed Collins</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77885">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony theft.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77886">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="77887">
                <text>Theft</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77888">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77889">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77890">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77891">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77892">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77893">
                <text>CCR001_005_111</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="658">
        <name>Collins</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="645">
        <name>Rhinehart</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="4238" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3899">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/1ac051819c3f8fdee3d7b40e1132b204.pdf</src>
        <authentication>d961b686dbbf82af220d3b0bd415444c</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="55392">
                    <text>��</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
      <file fileId="3900">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/e3bf0de5130ef9a9db98785a01c87184.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ab19975d6a99aa2888cecd51a7c913eb</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="55393">
                    <text>This indenture made the 8th day of January one thousand eight hundred and eight between John
Baxter overseer of the poor for the south district in the county of Rockingham of the one part and
Christian Bear of said county of the other part witnesseth that the said overseer of the poor in
pursuance of an order of court baring date September 1807 do put place and bind Maggy
Rinehart a poor girl being 7 years old the 20 of August last past to the said Christian Bear to
dwell with and serve him until she shall arrive to eighteen years of age
In consideration whereof the said Christian Bear doth bind himself to the said John Baxter or his
successor overseer of the poor to teach or cause to be taught the said girl within the time above
mentioned to read and right and to furnished the girl with clothes meat drink and lodging fit and
convenient and at the end of her servitude to give her 15 dollars and all such freedom dues as the
law directs In witness whereof each of us have unto set our hands and seals the year and day
above written

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="10">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="48760">
                  <text>Rockingham County Overseers of the Poor: Indentures of Apprenticeship</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51515">
                  <text>Series III is comprised of Rockingham County Indentures of Apprenticeship, which were formal contracts created by the overseers to bind poor or orphaned children to a "master" with who they would learn a trade. Their term generally lasted until the age of twenty-one for males and eighteen for females. Trades were typically determined by the apprentice's sex as well. Active labor and semi-skilled artisan positions were reserved for males, while females often served their term learning to sew, spin, knit, or domestic labor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Overseers of the Poor collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51516">
                  <text>The Overseers of the Poor of Rockingham County</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51517">
                  <text>JMU Libraries </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51518">
                  <text>1766-1871</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51519">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51520">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="51521">
                  <text>Osp003_001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58053">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/11"&gt;Overseers of the Poor: Minutebooks and Correspondences&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58548">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4525"&gt; Overseers of the Poor Finding Aid&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55385">
                <text>1808</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55386">
                <text>Indenture of Apprenticeship, Maggy Rhinehart to Chrisly Bear </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55387">
                <text>Overseers of the Poor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55388">
                <text>JMU Libraries </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55389">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55390">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="55391">
                <text>Osp003_001_065</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="646">
        <name>Bear</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="645">
        <name>Rhinehart</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
