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                    <text>COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The grand Jurors in and for t h e body of said County
of Rockingham a nd now attending said Court at itx April term, 1929,
upon their oaths do present that Joseph M. Frazier , who was heretofore on .the 24th day _of February , 1927, convicte d of vioJatin g the
~rohibi tion laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the Mayor's Court
of the City of Harrison burg, Virginia , and who then and there was
sentence d to serve a term of six months in Jail and pay a fine of
fifty dollars, did, on or about February 20, 1929, in the said County
of Rockingh am, unlawfu lly and. feloniou sly receive, transpo rt, and have
in his possessi on aboutiflvo gallons of ardent spirits, against the
peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia .

This indictme nt is found on the testimon y of George
A. Lawson and

w.

E. Lucas, witnesse s swom in Court and sent befor e

the grand Jury to give evidence .
,

�Transp orting
Commonwealth
v) Indictm ent
Joseph M. Frazie r

Felony
/

April term, 1929

A

True Bill:

VI. l l ~~
Foreman
l.,

'?'

D. w. Earman
Commo nwealth 's Attorne y

�~tatr nf llirginitt,
Q!nunty nf fSnrkingqam,

1

To-wit:

J

THESE ARE, TH EREFORE, To command you, in the name of the Commonwealth, to apprehend
bring before~ some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said ___ __ ______________ __

_~ __'rJ1__- ~ ~ -____ ____________ to answer the said complaint and to be further
,

lt with according to law. And you are also directed to summon ____ _________________ _______ __ ____ _

__________________________________________________________---u_-__________ ,

as witnesses.

Given under my hand and seal, this __ )

i?__ __ day

f_ _____ ___

-- -- ~ - ____ __ __ ____ _,

192_f_- ·

--- - ~ - P.

[SEAL]

�STATE O F V I RGINIA- CouNTY

OF

Ro cKIN GHAM, To-WIT:

I, --- - ----- --------- ---- --- - --- - - -- - _____ ____ _ _____ __ ___ ___, a Justice of the Peace in and for the
County of Rockingham, Virginia, do hereby certify that_ _____ __ _.- · ____ ______ __ ___ ___ ________ ___ _and
__________ _________ ____ ____ __ __ . _.._________ .. ___ ___ __ _ . _____ _____________ _________ _as his suret __ __ ,
h ave this day acknowledged themselves indebted to the Commonwealth of Virginia in the sum of
___ _____ ___ _____ ___ _________ ___ ________ __ _________ ____ Dollars ($ ___ __ __ ___ ___), to be made and levied
of their goods and chattels, upon this condition: That the said ______ ____ __ ____ __ ____ __ ____ __ ____ ____ _
shall appear before the undersigned or the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, on the __________ __
day of_ _________ ___ __ __ ____ ___ __ _______ ___ _, 192. ---, and not leave hence without leave of the said
Court, to answer the charge in this warrant, or to await the action of the Grand Jury of the said
County upon the within charge.
Gi ven under my hand this, the _____ ___ ____day of_ ___ __ ________ ______ _______ _, 192 ___ _.
---- --- ---- - -- ------- - -- - --------- ·- - - - - --, J.P.

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�APR
COM.MON'v'raALTH

Felon y

vs.

(Pro. )

JOSEPH M.. FRAZIER

•

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                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
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                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                  <text>1916-1933</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
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                  <text>Pro001</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Commonwealth v. Joseph M. Frazier</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="35887">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
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                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
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C0ll1IOI,IYEA..'l'li

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Cbarg&lt;&gt; to \he

If

LJW Jur; find

~ou wi---1 ea; ao

g~.l,J,

.it

.,04,1.11 .... hie

d.ot,:ro11, o.e che.rged.

aecerttiln

bia

tb.o accusod,

e,c.1lt~

1n the

deat.b,

or for

ea;,: eo and

or by c::onf1not11ont in

uJ:lY torCD.not

leee

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in tnt

in tr.e

d.egte.

111111 1ay

&lt;ton ;;ou

by co tfin~t

th

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1 ;ou do r.ot

5 uor wore

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storeMi.l.~

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then

7

ot

than~

o~tih

;ElCt,tu·.,

,,., er...CJ.nIlla pu,J.s

(

f!Oni tent.lar;

• et, .. , •• , ..
tu/

tiret

mur~4 1/

oegrtte,

will

no\

Rhodia,

.,oa will

I

ue

i.

o! eafu-d.ar i:i the

iudiotJnt,

with

1or l11o,

Jose~b

oo ~re .

811,~

pin.&gt;lshmont

th~ pe11lte11tiu.rr

Jur;r.

b,rt
QO a.rd

guilly

unt

01 luvol1.un.ary

6B06rt&amp;ln

p&amp;nl ton t-1.i.rJ not leett

le&amp;e tuiu

biB

._ o:-

ll.U&amp;:ltUt

not. exoeodir.,,g l yuar.

I

_,

ll.Sl&amp;~ter.

e,-t by ooruwe-

~elaugh1.er.

by .;ociine!tlvU\,

CX(;8C41ng 9-l,OOO.

or bott

6

t.t.eu ;ou

tt.a.n l nor more lbo..n b yea.rt:

Cy Q llOt!-- 1.0t.

lJpr l ooruae,,t.

,1eo.rs.

l nor ::r.or&amp; than

pauit\J&gt;t,IUUt

.,oa..r d.1dOret.an.

1L Juil

1n

or

such

or,
t)

in

1n
;,,or.-

t1co ntd

~be

�,

0 OU.:liOJlW&amp;al th

"·
Joseµh

1'. RJ1odee

~lllir8~ ~o tt•

•

J~r, .

�•

•

INS'!..UC?!OB~O. l

fro,

bol1evo

!,ha •n~auoo

~epta~bor 29, 19f~.
.ivae_ph

that

21,

1n the first

If :hey

41ed on

of hA~1n •b,on Tapud b7

u entr ut'e mail box on

llhtn the;- ,,ill

l92i,

J•hilllpz

t;artha

as a roault

hodeo, uour ~. t.

eptombor

tho JUrJ' that

1natruota

'?~• court

him gull t;;- of murder

!Ind

degreo.

-----UBT,,trOTIOIJ JIO. 2.

inetruoto

T}.e Court

oarnal

lo!owleusc of

and tno oourt

tho Jury th4t rapa is tho

fe:,t.sl o 1,;, torao

&amp;

fnrthor

tulle

and a.0ain t b•r Will,

the JUJ"Ytlult

foroe

mu:,t be such

ae may re1&lt;aon:,bl:, be 1111ppooed adequate to ,,vercoz:,e t~.e physical

re•l•taJJoa

of tho •oun

h&amp;Y&lt;tboon ooraoittaa,

etrenetb

of tr.e partieo

'l!ro cow-t tw-ther
re•iatanco

talc!

b,

of rea1stanc1,

ig

upo~
into

tho rapo Is charged to
•
oonetaorat!on
the relative

anll. other o il'oU11113tanoeaof tt.o oase,

iuotructc

the Jvy

tlt• t'elllllle b:, reaaon

tho 1Wre torco

'llheu a;;,1na t her t.ill,

ho

that

,,here there ta no

of her 1,, ing 1ncoJ181:lo

ol fene•ration

1a anffta1Cll.t,

to ooueti tuto :z:,;,r·o.

Seo Clarks

c:riJ:.

!,a,i.

p. Il 7.

�•

•

•
•

•
•
•

•

•

•

•
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L

•

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•••

Dl,1T!\liC!It'll :iro. 3

tho court
_,.nalaughter

ia ~on

act oauaoa the doat

1r,1truct1

th•

ono ill 'tho l'Orfcn.o.nco

of anotbor

by aoaident,

1:rvo1u.-.,ta:r7 111anfllb•lf,hter ovon thouah tto
1,artlolpat•o

1n tho \Ullaw!ul

the coart
to euol ~eight

aro legal
or orolit

of an unla,.fu1

and it 1s

t•erton

11:.illed

110b.

lllS'rRUOTINI

deolarbticns

J'0.17tha.t involuntary

no. '

!notructa

the jury that

d,ing

an,1 oomi;otont ev1denoe and a,:.t 1 tled

aa tho jur,

eeea fit

to give thom.

0 1 B7lo'8 oaae 100 Va. 795 •

•

�•

•

•

�•

'

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•

!!:.a co=t

the l=7

1r.struct3

presume a ti:&lt; ao01U1od to be innocent
be7ond reaaoooble
jury

-

donbt,

any ranaonabla

la,r m•~os it

thoir

donbt of tta

llt&gt;FrO1ab111 ty of hie gaUt

to c:inrtct,

nor is it

prepondera-oa
1nd1otrient,

but to nrri.,:t

ezolude evar7 reascnabla
1nstr~otl

had sexual

·,t

hov;avor etrong.

is :cot sufiio1ect

lt tke gl'e-tar

hie couvlotion,

and the

on a~pl1es both t

intercourse

the p,,ritonttie

oft.la

at•

innocenQa

11a to
And

the acouaod

on the 21st

hilliia

iod,

mUllt be

so strong,

tl a cl:argo the,

wt~~ 1.-'ll'tha

:tram nlol:

1n the

/,.,.,
~

or

eig~t

hie guilt

evldeuoo tl.ereof

hypotheala

l).9

md th::.t oore awipioion

of eTidenca SUJ&gt;pOrtathe ctsrge

proved ao clearly,

tl.ie

of the ecouaed,

him,

sufficient

guil tJ'

ia upon ti!o ~irula of the

gullt

dut;, to acquit

the l1w

1111til i!e ie p-ove4

if there

&amp;lld

tb•t

or a cause

d.A~

aooel

1ng bor death fro~ por1tonit1a.
BUt even tboui;h

they may so believe,

e=ot

oonvlo1. 1-lm of Illlrder ,ml•se

heioud

ev~r;

,ia~ by force

reason

they further

they

bel1ev•

le dol&gt;bt thllt enoh aexu.al interoourae

and a;,a.inat

~e

ill

of the aa!d. r,,rtlla

.hllliJ:8,

•

.1t-

�•

.

:

•

-

•

•
•

•

,

�• •

..

Yhe court
the 1nd1ctcont

that

thoy may believe

the aoGuaed had eexnsl

that

inberoourao

dey ot Se11tcL;l;43r. 19: 3.

r:a;; have bee!l 'b:, !0roe

furtur

the

j=,

that

1t is not

to a oonvict1on of the so0•.1sed of o.n;; ofi'enae Ulldor

sufficient

the 21st

instrugta

frora t...e evidence

w1th L:o.rtha hill ipa on
eT@tt

...114. ..1tainat

produced

pori ton lt1s in the 3ald J.!.artha Jhllllpe

nccelerated

her d~nth.

•

though

such !ntero

urae

er wi---11, ll:l.less t.he7

eU•vo beyond !ill rosa~w.tlo
such aot of iDLereourse

that

doubi from trui evi.anoe

or aggTaTntod
and thereby

oauaed or

�•

·'

•

•

•

•
•

•

•

�'

•

•

belie••

C.

'l!he court

instrw,te

:troll the •vl~noe

the death
wi-h tor

I!IJ!:iUC?ICJI

Of

b7 the

t-roa the evidence

again•t

be7cnd all

l'Sl'the :·hllllJ,e
aocused,

tru.t

the Jury
resson.,,bl•

rosul tea from senal

yet unleee

they

t?:.a.t such interccnaae

l,e!" ir.Ul troy caunot finci

:further

though they

d&lt;&gt;:!bt +!tat

intel"O 1a-se
believe

1:.as i force

him guilty

a.rd

of murder.

�••
•

•

•

•

�••

D•

•

~lee tar,

e:re i ~atructed

..ei,:~

l&gt;y force

md thll t Glle at that

coru,ent,
peritonitis,

and ·hat

Intercourse
in her death,

is alao

it

if

timo already

le pcaaible

caused an inoreueo
y~t,

her '1&gt;'111, o:r

of tte

tl:o;y believe

of nch

not guilty,

intercour ••,

hillipa,
1:er

had se,tioem1a

in!aotion

or

th&amp;t suoh

~h1oh resulted

.trom tho 0'9idenoe
the:,

the)'

on ,eptember

7 and ,1th

or probable

r~h~ l• tMt such dea~h reall~ed

1Ilde,an4ontly
accuso4

lllld against

•~=·bout:r.

o 7.ith Lartha

1923, bad Be:mal intercour

~

~

the t the accueed,

ma,vbel !eve :rroc, the e-.14enoe

2lat,

tto

that

It

'trom scoh infecticn
l'lll

t !ind the

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nrt'?ta Ph!l!ips

co.n be aons1-1~r 1 ~:, t •

bero=-o

tb.-. 21at

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lo Lhe Nomo or the Commonweohh
rr'lmm11,,,t, J to •umrn,11,

/ln,l,y

n11, tfh'

of -Virginia:

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t/i, truth to Sfl YIi tt- IH•h11ffof /h,.1&gt;,•J'•,.,JmJ t f,. t Iii· nroM,.ttl~,n

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�In the Name of the Commoowenllh

ol Virginh,:
Tot.ht! Sht"rif.l c,I M~klnJ?h•m

fo

,,µ,.,.
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1/u-..Jf;.-1{, 11/11,.,,.(',rr11il

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1,n1111t,,11/ .f..'J0(1.

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�In tho Name of rho Commonwc11lth of Virgioiu:
To I.be SIWfiff

111.. ,,,,... .. , •• ,,,_

fJt,f

/fott4f" O,r~of,

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f,11uJ.·f,

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1dth,.11;,t1·indfrlnl

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10 i,'r-l,,rt.., 11,J# ••

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of k,dial,1..,_

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�In tho Name ol tbe Commonwealth

of Virginia:
To lb~ Sht',lff

01 Hi,c-kl111thA:mCov.ot,1. C1tttin11:

.F.Hufft.41r-,,.•
z.:i: iila,£• ..iauob h.~bult.z.A.11.Cr11ves,
Z•.t • Arn1entr out •Oee L. ,Armentrout. 6. 1. Buu,.•hol'. ,in:.Sellar e,
"
v1r1,1e flhultz.John
Crc:m~r,JJade
f.tiode~.comp'ton -k.Oonta•
J • ..dJh1111_pa,

.:to"'ert.

arrie1· ,Henry

\,,QTri1u·

i. •.t1+n
...
11,ttt ,,1

r.."'"· ,,, ,,., n""'''
June.

Ill

2~

~ose:,:b t .Uod.as
,;·It 11/,ouh ,,if,11•::1,I 1rlfl;

&lt;INII

111,/irtol

;'," ,,

fd,,n,,

11i dr111ea,w1

bo
u, 1 1I

,,.,thi11 U'r I

,I ,,._ .-• •t_ 'fl

lllbt1111

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J.I. tf'}(/:I

June

1: \,

C'&amp;,rl 1&gt;(,,u.r

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ti II

1:124, 11,1d In 1hr J., 8 t/i yrrtr11/ tltr

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�In 1hc Name ol tlte Commonwc,,llh

of Vir11infa:
To 1ht ShruH

u.f Roct:iqham

C:011n1y.Crft"tinlt,.

T

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t, ,,,,1,nu• (),[;,,.,, 1/11•,hid,,. of
II,

flu-

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&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
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:,1npp law .

COMMONWEALTH
Indictment

vs.

~ i:X'.feli,ny
For Misdemeanor

A TRUE BILL

Foreman

t

J

Ha r r y M. Strickl e r
commonwealth ' s Att orne y

�Commonwealth of Virginia,
County of Rockingham, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:

The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in and for the
body of the County of Rockingham, and now attending the Circuit
at ~ts Oct ober ter. , 1 919
Court of said countyJ uPON THEIR OATHS PRESENT, that Jose h Tur e r
Ti i thin one ye a r next p ri or t o the f i nd i n g of th i s i ndi ctmen t , i n
s aid County , di a unlaw ful ly manufacture , sell , offer , keep , sto r e
a n d ex ose for s_al e , give a ay , trc:nspo r t , di spense , so lici t ,
.

adver ti se and r e ceive orders for ardent spiri t s ,

against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
AND THE JURORS AFORESAID, UPON THEIR OATHS AFORESAID, DO
FURTHER PRESENT, that

against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

witnesses sworn in Court and sent before the Grand Jury to give
evidence.

�No.38

NEWS-RECORD CO ., HARRISONBURG , VA .

�h ,91 ,
Common wealth
vs

}Arrest Warran t.

· Executed the within warrant by arresting
and delivering the body of

moning the within named witnesses in person,

�</text>
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State of Virginia, County of Rockingham, To-wit:
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of the :;aid county,

arnl bring

SHERIFF

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CONSTABLE

are therefore

THE

, I 90

in the namC' of the Com111onwcall11 of Virginia,

to ,111swer tlw ~aicl complnint
under

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COUNTY.

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�</text>
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                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
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                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
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                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
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              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <name>Date</name>
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                  <text>1916-1933</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                  <text>Pro001</text>
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              <description>A related resource</description>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Commonwealth v. Joshua Jennings and Emanuel Sipe</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1854</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Sell Alcohol</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Defendant charged with retailing ardent spirits without a license.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Annette Guild</text>
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                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
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                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="278453">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>PDF</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
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                <text>Criminal</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>Ccr002_014_047</text>
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        <name>Jennings</name>
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        <name>Sipe</name>
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</itemContainer>
