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                    <text>��CERTIFICATE

VIRGINIA,

COUNTY

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, 190

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in the said county,

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a justice of the peace of said county, do hereby certify
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this, that he, on the

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that I have this day

FOR TRIAL.

ROCKINGHAM---To-wtT:

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THE

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in the name of the Commonwealth

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to law.

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                    <text>•

Th:se

are therefore,

in the name of the Commonwealth

and bring before me, or some other Justice

;;::::r
to answer the s cl complaint,

of Virginia,

of the said County,

and to be farther

dealt with according

4.J..

Given undec my hand and seal this ..

to apprehend

And you are required to summon

~ ~~

t;ft·L'"

on the examination

&lt;l&gt;._.,,day oL ..

·····································~t·."
REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA

to law.

..&amp;dL

in behalf of the Commonwealth,

you forthwith

the body of the said ..........................................................
.

iftJ:~~---

to appear and give evidence

to command

...... " .. J

touching

the said offence.

the ym

........ ........... • ...... ].

,90.g ..

P. [SEAL.]

�Com,111,onwealth

~ Arrest· Warrant.

us.

,1£xeczded
by_.·cu Testing
..: ·-

~

the

11,;ithin ww·rr1nt

and

d elive7'ing

I~

~·

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Lc (............
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body of ...

£

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before .... lf. .1. ~
n Ju,stice
rind

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nmned

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l (
.?. ... - ...... .

(

V

of' Roclci,n~ham

Cou,nty

sun1,n1,011,ing the

within

witnesses

g "".......
itau
··

1

the

in

pe1'son, this

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190 ....

of ...

--···-···· ..... ----····-···-- ..---------------

Const;b;; of Rockingltanz Countx

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'

♦

Commonwealth of Virginia,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit:
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY:
The jurors of the Commonwealth
and now attending

of Virginia,

in and for the body of the County of Rockingham,

the said Court at its .... ~.~····················

... term, in the year 190.e

upon their oaths present that ........................................................................................................

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against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth

Upon the evidence of ..~.

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of Virginia.

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Grand Jury to give evidence.
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Clerk.

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&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
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                    <text>�'

�COMMONWEALTH

OF

ROCKINGHAM

VIRGINIA,

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TO-WI'l':

COUNTY,

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complaint

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on oath before me, ..

the said county, has this day made

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Justice

of the said county, that

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or the said .,ounty, on the ...........
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u:::;~~d ;~~= ~ Lu~~,&lt;/~

These are therefore,

in the name of the Commonwealth

and bring before me, or some other Justice
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4-

of Virginia,

of the said County,

to command

you forthwith

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to apprehend

the body of the said ...........................................................
.

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to answer the said complaint,

and to be farther

dealt with according

to law.

And you are required to summon

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.

to appear and give evidence
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in behalf of the Commonwealth,

on the examination

touching

the said offence.

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my hand and seal this ............

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[SEAL.]

REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA

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§~3989, 3999, 4000, 40II, 4045; Hurst's

Guide

&amp; Manual.

&amp; Company,
City, Va.

pp. 537 (3), 540-5, 546, 617-18.]

.............

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17zejurors of tlte Commo1u,eealtlz
of T"irginia,in and for tlze bod11of tlze Count11of'

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cut 01.e Jacob H. l,1cCtuillen
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against tile peaceand rlig77ityof tlze Ccmm~nwealtlzof !i):qillia.

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ll'ith to~CJ_}l;renencl ancl b'jng

bef'ore me or some other Justice

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�Co'CDOn~eali~or Virginia,
00 1'~T~ Ol" RnCKI1iO!!AII,
Jll

~0-

•it:

THJ' C £RCUIT COURT

The ,llll'OTG of the co=m•ee.lth
bo:iy of the county
'1~8 Jl 1ch

!it

ear

thE&gt;

ir.

of Virginie,

Count11,

&gt;10s, to-wit,

then

1n Bll1d County,

to

tid

n.1ure axd dcf':-aud said

Coru:ecticut;

against

~1111am Runion,
nd year

on the daY

Co~µany of Hartford,
did

:!'eloniou,lY

and detrau&lt;l

County,

upon their

a oerta..n

ot

&amp;gtl!'Jlt

the

aforedaid,

ti:ere":&gt;y

of 1'9rt.!ord.

oaths atoreasl.d

d~elling

d/vv-

houoe,

stree,

connecttout,

Id PhoenL

ngatnst

of V1:r"'1nia.
do

oa.ce ar.d :Uv.tty

situate
fawn of

by

tnlJUl'1lnce

and =nge
thereby

Co -:,w;;,realth

1n

then wae, to-wit,

coi.psny o:!' Hut for

f t~e

.in the

~s ~ reeldence

house

loan

burn with intent

Insurance

tn tte

by the Phoenix

neured

and

of tne oom::,onr.aalth

and 'Nhioh ea1d d~elling

and •1lful.ly

10

by the

age.inst. loss

Cocpan·

Broadira; whi~~ ~ouse waa then and t~ere occupied
said

insured

1n,::-,1 wi ~ll lntent

Plloe:-11 Ineurruice

,r the north side

co,mty,

oald d&gt;1elll.ng

.. t ll 1ru:i lhmion &lt;&gt;nthe 7th day of Pehruar!'

l)reRent that

year 1911, In the said
said

connect lout.

8,,d .,. lt'!&gt;ll;o

And the J1ll'ors aforesaid
further

and houee or tho

3n:1 •h.loh

tne ~oace ar.d dignity

1n tho

lJll,

on the d8Y nnd year aforesaid,

felon1m;.sl,'

that.

J.r,,98:.t

,ear

tio11'10,the property

Phooni~ tnau ..rnnae Cotn,)s.ny ot Harti'ord,

da-.ago ,· r r• ,

in the

th&lt;&gt;

ti,o B'tid Court

u;:-,n t1'e1.r o~tha

l~ll,

tn d.. ellinJ

riunton, situate

se.1d William
house

11. certa

in and for

1.n no,r at tending

~union on the ?th day ct relrruery

Tilliam

said

l6nt,

of fiocking.'l'll:,

~A 111 Cnl M'l'Y:

7

or

by fire,

to tnj,u-e
, • r.,clC t.iei.t,
1.rg1 n!a,

Upon the evidence

rttneanea

s..-om 1tl open court

an&lt;t 1ent

to t'!:e Grand J\u,,

\D ~1vo

�co=n,ealt~

of Virginia,
0

'NTV OJ' 'IOCKTNOlfAII, iO

•1t:

The ,1Ul'ors of the com11-.onwoalthof vtrg1nia,

'3:t t~e

ch

K

1n the ··eax 1911,

tit'-,

i&lt;union on the

T1llia:i&gt;

e certs

said

County.

said

111111am ;,union,

rnsuranoe

~oenu

da-:age
to

s,d

r,Jure

situate

1911,

said

ccnnty,

that

'i'lll1am

.ouae ~-

Runion,

,r

then

~!!'!.st

it.'-

street

tnaured

a ..d wilfully

tntent

nouse

by the

against

loss

burn with intent

llt

thsreb:;

,u,t!'ord

do

ot ?'ebrua:ry in the
1n

in t~o "own or
by

then was, to-wit,

Phoenix

tnnur~n~e

and &lt;Lmage by fire,

thereby

P!loen:L• Ineuranoe Oolll!l'lnYof Harttor

oa.ce a.r.d :11.gnity

lose and

occu~ied ,s a reaiden~e

qnd -ml.oh said d'lell:!.ng

Oo"1J)8nyof lle.:rtt'ord, conneot1cut,

and de.f'reu!I eald

against

or1,ths atorcssid

7th day

bvv

ar.4 lhere

on the day ahd yoer a:f'oresaid,

feloniouely

1nslU'9d by the

dwell11'l8 ho110e, aitm.te

a oertaln

side

of the

or the Co:nr.onwoalth of v=1L1B,

Runion on the

County,

tho

in

11.ndhouse

bi,irn with

e."1 ,r11t,1llY

a:f'oresaid upon thei!'

on t"1e north

1'tll1am

l~ll.

?ho,r1~ I'Ulll'.'"lnce Co!!:J)an: or

aaid

tn the aaid

BJ'O'i47ay ~h1o~

.J'&lt;IVe::tc.hat

and which naid dwell tng

11.g~inat the ~oaco and dignity

year

did

the property

company of l!artt'o!'11, connecttout,

deb-!lud

proeent

oat.ha

reb..-Ulll'JI in t1'e year

in ar1,id Co1mty,

the

·ho nl\id Court

on the day nnd year aforesaid,

And the Jurors
further

u ~n their

n d1rellin.:r houao,

'Y ru .. , dtd feloniously

Con.'leoticut;

said

or

~th day

then ,roe, to-wit,

house

an no·• atteruUng

the Oo11n~yof Pocltingham,

bO&lt;iY of

tn and for

the C -::ao:r.
ealt.h

of'

to

Injure

, ~,iJ.~ct.1cut,
1r,:; 'l"ie.

Upon the evidence

~tcnezses
evidence.

e•orn \'\ oµen court and aent to t.!:e Orsr.d Jury to ~1vo

__________

.clert.

�•

•

•

•

•
•

�</text>
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                    <text>Q. {). t9

....
&amp;....~-

-

,,,

...UL.....................
~~ ..........
.

L.. .. .

_,. fr

/v~-

v .........................
ft~

....
----

~

�f
I
I

�r

•

The Court instructs
that

tLe

t' e Jury that

if the , believe

· ·ury to Jacob A .Armentrout

v✓ as

from, the evidence

caused
. , by
t

the prisoner.and

by

he 8cted
shoot

under

that.at

a reasonable

hir.1 or otl1or-,,isc

thnt

the prisor..J!'

-ent

dancer

that

end 1even though

deceptivJ

force

belief

Ar:nontrout

and that

the jury

there

to defend

him bodily

was infect

fear

by t.e

manaci

· present

c·rcumstances

necessary

appearances

on the part

to avoid danger before

prisoner

there
p ril

indicatibe

The act so done by Armentrout.or
must have been of such a character

then to kill

thw appar
to
were

of

or do him bodil_r harm; and the

that

believing

using

meant to do

a justification

on the

::nl[st have been some act by
to the priso1er.or
of a present

so~ething

purpose

in the

on the part

at tack upon the prisoner.

the circumstances
as to afford

at the tine

hir.1 or do hir.1 bodily

Armentrout

constitute

to make the ap1)rehended

the prisoner's

fro

himself.

defense,but

of Armentrout

that

no design

to retreat

of self.

attending

believe

are instructed

i~self

as were reasonably

ha1.'mwould not of itself

Armentrout

defendin

should

ti1e prisonex·

mrn about to

ha:.:-m~
then they

i

b: such :neans or force

But the bare

for

that

do him bodily

was not obliged

principle

the prisoner

vms justifiable

A:.·mer:trout to shoot
prisoner

the time

harm.

that

thus

exinting,

a reasonable

Armentrout

ground

intended

�\

�r

•

The Court instructs
the case,the

jury

oubt.and
all

cause

insufficient
all

such doubts

in the case,

a verdict

the evidence,you

tho evidence

ad

impartial
it

investi

is such that
transaction

of not guilty.

ation

of

vmre the
of life

it

aid pause: it
if,after

you have an abiding

of t::e charge. you are satisfied

On the :tk~ other

chinerical

must be a reasonable

man to hesitate

can say that

to hunt up

as are merely

in the graver

and prudent

to authorize

doubt.

of law ,in considering

an acquittal

and unless

interposes

a reasonable

ion of the truth
-ble

a matter

it must &amp;rise fror. a candi

scJme kind of doubt

ering

entertain

A doubt to justify

the evidence

wou1

jury.as

are not to go beyond the evidence

q.oubts .;nor .nust the/
or conjecturol.

the

beyond all

is

considconvictreasona-

hand hand, the jury must not go beyond

to hunt up ~a

of guilt.
A

The Court instructs
plea

is self

the jury where 1 as in this

defense, then

struct

JG.cob A .Arr.1entrout

burden

is upon the prisoner

to the satisfaction

if the jury believes
on the head with
to establish

of the jm•y.

case,the

thci..t tl1e prisoner

a deadly

said

prisone

plea

)

s

s:t

instrurnent 1 -f'ne
of self defense

�..

�If

you find

the Prisoner

not

guilty,

If

vo11 find

the :Prisoner

gui.

ty o.f r.111\.iciouslv

intunt

to maim, disfigure,

troi:tt,

you 71ill

confine:r.:.or,t

or kill

d1saDle,

s~y so 4nd ascertain

in

the

.f)eni tentiary

you v1:::i.1 G;1y so n.n'i no mo e_

his

no

the said

Jacob

yunishment

less

than

Jacob

ca.using

A.

A. Ar:nen-

·1vhich shall

one nor more

be

th8.n ten

years.
tne prisoner

yo1 find

If

un1a~,ru.11v causine
int.he

indictr::e1t

sai..d Jacob

A.

nent

shall

tiary

jail

1hich

1

not
not

less

guilty

J::icob A. Armentrout

with

intent

Armentrout.,
be in

than

exceed.in~

not

5:r.0J1.t bodily

say

yo11-r d.i.sere tion

one nor more
rr.onths

than
and

but

inj11ry

so nnd R.Saertain

!"lon:finement
five
fined

yea:::-s o
not

of

guilty

B.S cl1arged

d.iR1-1.b.le, or kill

to r:1air.1, d.isfienre,

you will

t71elve

of maliciuusly

in

his
the

puninhp eni ten-

confinei::ent

excee;ding

~~000.00.

in

�~

.,

�'

.

�l

~

'

�Hurst's Standard
Forms, Annotated.

lN
f 1 0 · 35·
[Code,

Hurst

l Pulaski

Indictment.
§§3989, 3999, 4000, 40II, 4045: Hurst's

,Oft\ft\Ot\'V\~e,1'

1

'

(@f

Guide

&amp; Manual,

pp. 537 (3), 540-5, 546, 617-18.]

Yiv .i, ia,
1

COli.NTY O.F................
rc--,.::,.-c"""'-,.,_.,,"""
...............
.
Q;~a,

&amp; Company,
City, Va.

_______

, 1'0- J!'IJ':

...;:_

IN J'H.E @0-lY#H C

OJ?SAID CO[lJv'TY:

J'lzejar · of tlze Conmonu:ealtlzof rirginia, in and for tlze body of tlze Cou1Ztyof

against tlzepeacea;zddignity of tlze Ccmmo1uoealtlz
of riminia.

~~.Iv

........
~.......
witness.....swornin open

rourt and sent to tlze Grand Jury to give evide!lce
.
. , Clerk.

�u
&lt;="

•

.
Q..4

•

~~-

-tLM:~A,-L

-

Q_.

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I

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                    <text>Commonwealth
of Virginia,}
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Rockingham
County,
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. ~emembered that on the _______________________________
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of the said county of Rockingham,
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and severally and respectively

acknowledged

of Virginia, in manner and form following, that is to say:

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to be indebted

to the

the said __
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the sum of.-------~----~-~--~---------------------------------------------------------------------Dollars,

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good and lawful money of the United States, and the said _____

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respectively m·ade and levied of&lt;tlfeir several goods and chattels,
the benefit of their Homestead Exemption
liability to the Commonwealth
to the use of the Commonwealth

as to this obligation,

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lands and tenements,

to be

and they severally waived

and also waived any claim or right to discharge any

arising under this recognizance with coupons detached from the bonds of this State,

1,__-_/~~---------·······

of Virginia if the said ___
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shall make default in the performance of the conditions underwritten.
The condition of the above recognizance

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is such that if the above bound __

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day---e,f

the Court-house thereof, and then and there _answ~r a bill of indictment

and for said County against him the said-----~~-~---···[.

. ______________
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charged,

______________________
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and shall--- not

depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall be void and of no effect, otherwise
to remain in full force and virtue.
Taken and acknowledged before me, the day and year first above written.

··---··--------~~~---·-······/l.

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Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
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                    <text>1930
COMMONWEALTH

v.

Felony

WILLI.AMC.CARTER

(?I-

/r 'lj

l,e1tk I d

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(bigamy)

��Arrest Warrant

These are therefore, n the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia, to command you forthwith to
apprehend and brii:;g b~for.i, me or s~~ the said County,__the body of the said
·········································~~

..........................................................................................................................................................
.

to answer the said complaint and to be further dealt with according to law. And you are required

to summon.........
·..........................................................................................................................................................
.
to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, on the examination touching the said
offence.·
rL-r-1",,__. ~./.,
Given under my hand and seal this....................
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�STATE OF VIRGINIA-COUNTY

OF ROCKINGHAM. TO-WIT:

I,
County

of the Peace in and for the
of. Rockingham,

Virginia,

do hereby

certify
his su ret ........,

have-· this

day acknowledged

themselves

;····························•·········•·•····················Dollars
tels, upon this condition:

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indebted

to the Commonwe_alth

of Virginia

($ ..................;········:········) to be made

and levied of their

the said .................... : ....................................................... shall
t

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appear

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signed or the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, on the ............. :......day of.. .............................................. , 19 ........ ,
and not leave hence without leave of the said Court, to answer· the charge h1 this warrant, or to await the
action of the Grand Jury of the said County upon the within charge.
,
Given under my hand this,":.the ................ day 01.. .....•............

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�In the Name of the Commonwealth
You are hereby commanded to summon

~··~··

of Virginia: ~a~
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who stands charged with and indicted for a felony'-m-i-fflffll~r.
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and there th1s Writ.

·

Witness, f. ROBERT
day of

Pa

L. PRESS,

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HARRISONBURG

'V&gt;__

And have then

SWITZER,

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Clerk of our sa:jj__i!:}rt, at tbe Court House. tbe

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P.&amp; L. PRESS,

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