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https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_002_032-commonwealth-v-lindsey-shifflett.pdf
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�Commonwealth
of
Rockir1.gham
Virginia,}
County,
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...day oL~··-····
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l>e if l'semembe d that on the ..
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of the said county of Rockingham,
and severally and respectively
acknowledged
theif
Commonwealth of Vfrginia, in manner and fmmfollowing, that is to say • the said ..
es to be l~ted
to the
~4 ....
f#-ft.....
~~~~w~•;:::i:
~~kL
..............................................................
Dollars of like good and lawfol money, to be
in the sum oL .......i!.&.:.~.....
respectively made and levied of their several goods and chattels,
the benefit of their Homestead
Exemption as to this obligation,
liability to the Cnmrnnnwealth acising under this ,ecogniif
0
:::em:e
lands and tenements,
and they severally waived
and also waived any claim or right to discharge any
_with.coupons ~tached from the bonds of this State,
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The condition of the above recogni,ancc is such that if the above bound.....
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-··•·-································································································do
and shall personally appear before.the County Court of Rockingham
~~
day of
Teem next ~o~ing
the
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Court-house thmof, and then and the,':;',1,,';;w:/..i.m of ittd
et! to the Grand Jury ~
.................................................................................
unlaV11fttlly and feioniocrsty
·
saie County as:aies.t aim the said .....·-··•···········································································
fera··---···········-············-···········································································9"
hittt eommitted,
ior
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
.
·----······························•·················-·····································-·····················
·································································································································-··
··························-····•··········································································•·········-·---·•················-········-············--·-·····-······-··-·-····························-··--·······-··
·········-···························ct··········1·•········
whe,eof the said~-~"·'n.1ttt
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............................................................
stands chacged, and shall not
depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall be void and of no effect, otherwise
to remain in full force and virtue.
Taken and acknowledged
before me, the day and year first above written.
�,
�Common,vealth
of
Rockingha1~7.
. Ile ii ~•membered that on thee.3
Virginia,}
County,
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JJ. day of. ,.9~/1.....
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«<M .... ......
c~=e·~~o;e
of the said county of Rockingham,
and severally and respectively
acknowledged
theif
es to be indebted
to the
Commonwealth
ofVhginia,
inmanne<
and
fmm
following,
that
isto the
saidt~····e:J~·
say,
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in the sum
of___J'.,kt(_Z
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Dollars of like good and lawful money, to be
respectively made and levied of their several goods and chattels,
the benefit of their Homestead Exemption
as to this obligation,
lands and tenements,
and they severally waived
and also waived any claim or right to discharge any
_________________________________________________________________________________
fur-a-______________________________________________________________________________________
4h-i1P committed, jot
U1Mawf.t!llyand-felontt>USTY---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------__
_
whmof
the
saidg-:q;/J[_
.
::=::~nds
charged,
and shall not
depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall be void and of no effect, otherwise
to remain in full force and virtue.
Taken and acknowledged
before me, the day and year first above written.
��
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
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This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
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PDF
Identifier
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Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
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Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1896
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lindsey Shifflett
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
Sale of Alcohol
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with misdemeanor sale of alcohol.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU LIbraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Jennifer Taylor
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
CCR001_002_032
Shifflett
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/cae8d8020049f10120ab46b7db976ca2.pdf
8849c3697d2d1a807f68230842978860
PDF Text
Text
~
COMMONWEALTH OF VIR GI NIA ,
COUNTY 0]1 ROCKINGHAM, to- ,,\J i t:
In th~ Circuit Court of said County;
The grand jurors i n and f or the body of said county
of 9ockingham and now attending said court at its October term,
1925, upon their oaths do pres00,t that Link A. Ray, within one
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year next prior to the f ind ing of t his indictment, in the said
,·
county of Rockingham, • di d un lawfu.lly manufacture, sel l, offer,
keep, store and expose f or sale., g ive awa y, transp ort , dis pense,
solicit, advertise and rec eive orders for ard ent spirits , against the p eace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
ind the jurors a fo r esaid upon t.tieir oath s aforesaid
do further present that Link A. Ray, within on e year next prior
to the finding of this indictment, i n the said coanty of Rockingham, did anla wfully have i n his possess ion about _,l_Q__
ga llons of mash, against the peac e a nd digni t y of the Commonwealth of Virginia .
/ This i ndict ment i s found on the testimony of J. L.
Dirt ing,
• T. Rexrode, J~h
110ve, and ~1-<:>~
crver, witnesses
sworn in court a nd sent bef or e the grand jury to g ive evi dence.
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�Commonwealth of Virginia--Gity, County of 1 / ~ ~
to-wit:
To the Prohibition Inspectors, Sheriffs, Sergeants, and all Police Officers and Constables of the State of
Virginia-Greeting:
WHEREAS ·· ·~ · · · · · ~·· ·..~ -...
~ ............. .. ..... .. ... of the s a i g ~ ; ~ --.
has this day Ii1«ii'e complaint and information on oath before me, .. .'(,.J.l..1.~~
~U.....
~ ;me~f-)h~i·s·;~~~;·7 · ,
r
of the said&~
-:'that
Ci;;~ ~·;7~unty
(a)
he verily believes, that in the said
9r.f/!......
Title
~
... and State:
. ..... . ·c:i;/4; County
That Ardent Spirits are being unlawfully manu actured, sold, kept, stored, possessed, held, used
and concealed in a ccrtain ...H~h~~;~;·~~~·,~·~· ;·j; ~f::;(~~s~·;;,~~··i,~~ ~ ...........:..... .
by one ..~ . ..
(b)
... ~ i i ii";·;~i ;;;;;;;: ;;; ..;;,;;;, ;;;;.,.;; ,;··;;; .'"';;~;;; ;;,.;;:;;;:.. .................... ,
A still, still cap, worm, tub s, fermenters and other appliances connected with such still and used,
and mash and other substances, capable of being used, in the manufacture of Ardent Spirits,
are unlawfully in the possession of, and unlawfully used by one ... ~ . . . .
Give name; if na~ne unknown say
11
..~ ; ~ i i ~ .;;;:, ;; ,;· ( ; j " ~.,L .......
7
being unlawfully kept, held, stored, concealed,
m a mtain .. ... .......... ... .....
(c)
Ardent Spirits are
.....,,. ...
\.Vhose name is to the informant ·
··· ·· ··· · · ······ · ·· ...... .
used, sold,
and
unlawfully
tran sported in certain baggage or a certain vehicle, to-wit: a certain ......... ........... ...... ....... ........ ... .. .... ..
Here describe , 1ehicle, aut,">, vv::igon, carriage, buggy, boat, baggage or what not
by one ... .... .. ......... .. ... ........ ... ........... ..... ......... ... .......... .. ...... ........ ......... ...... ..................... .. ......... .... .. ....... ............ ....... ..
Here give name, or dtscribe as in (a) above
And there being reasonable cause for such belief:
THESE ARE, THEREFORE, IN THE NAME OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
to command you, with all necessary and proper speed and assistance, to search the hou se, place, baggage, boat, or vehicle herein de sign at ed, either in clay or night, and seize such ardent spirits and their
containers and other things apparently possessed or used in violation of law, and bring the same and
the person or persons, in whose possession they are found, and also any person resisting, impeding, obstructing, or in any manner hindering or delaying you in the execution of thi s warrant, before me, or
some other officer having jurisdiction of the case, to be disposed of and dealt with according to law; and
make return of this warrant showing all acts and things done thereunder, with a particular statement
and sufficient d_escription of the things seized and the name of the person in whose possession found, if
any, and if not found in the possession of any one, so state in your return, and post a true copy of this
warrant and the return thereof, as required by law.
Given under my hand and seal this .... ...4. ~ .day of .. ........ ............. ............... .. .192.~ .:--
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Title of Magistr,1t~.
;/
�WARRANT TO ·SEARCH FOR ARDENT
SPIRITS, ETC.
DIRECTIO N S
1.-If on ly Ardent Spirits and containers be seized,
't he Magistrate shall fix a time i:iot less than 10_
nor more than .. 30 clays from th e elate of return, for
th e h earing of said r eturn.. If no claimant appear,
the Ardent Spi rits and articles are to be forfeited
to Commonwealth.. Any per so n claiming any of
same must fil e a written claim stating particularly
th e character and extent of his interes t therein, whereupon the Magistrate sha ll certify th e warrant, written
claim a nd articles claimed, t0 th e Ci rcuit or Corpo ration Court, as th e case may be, for determina tion, an d
declare the unclaimed a rti cles forfe ited .
of . . . .......................... . . .............. . .................................... . ...... . 192 . . . . . . , by searching th e
w ithin stated
hereon on the .................................... . .......... . ........................................ . . ............ . . . .................... . . . ........ \
H ere say place, house, room, boat,
............... .... ,
auto or baggage, or as the case m ay bt
See Sectio ns 21 ½, 22, 23, 23 ½ , 57 an d 57½,
of A ssembly, 1918, Page 578 .
Ac ts
........... ........ .
··························
·••·················
as front door of house, door of room or premises
·········· ······· ... ···· ·· ····· ········· ··· ··· ··· .... .
jp ~.:. ~.~~A~ ~
~···~••·~~:a7.
~~i~~'
Descrip tion of Ardent
seized
3 . - I f Ardent Sp irits a rc being transported in an uatomobile, boat, wa gon, buggy, or other veh icle, the
Ardent Spirits a nd containers shall be preserved and
the vehicle shall be cleliered to the Se1. gean t of th e
City, th e facts reported to the Prohibition Director
and Commonwealth's Attorney and Ardent Spirits
and containers disposed of as provided in No . 1 above
(A copy of this warrant a nd proper retu rn wi ll be
sufficient repo rt ) .
a nd the return thereon
doo r o f th e house, o r
on th e premi ses at the
be fo und .
'•
.ii~;~·. ~-t~·t~· i~~~-~~·,·. ~00~~. ·p·1~~~-..................
.
and by seiz ing the fo llowing des cribed Ardent Spirits
ai1d other thin gs therein found (and rarestin g the
above named person found in possession thereof) and
b y posting a tru e copy of this warrant and the r eturn
2 . - I f st ill, sti ll cap, worm , tu bs, hea th er, fcrm enters, or any app li:;nce co11nectecl with a sti ll and
u sed, or mash or o th er subs tance capable of being
used, in the manufa cture of A rd ent Spirits, be seized,
th e ma~h (after taki ng a samp le) shall be destroye d,
and the fa cts and a rticl es seized repo rt ed to the Prohi bition D irecto r a nd Commonwealth's Attorney . (A
copy of thi s warran t and proper return w ill be sufficient notice a nd repo rt) . Ardent Spirits and containers disposed of as in No . 1 above .
4 . - A copy of this warrant
must be posted a t the front
on the door of th e room, or
place th e Ardent .Spirits m ay
nesses :
: Execut ed the ~i thin wa rrant this ...... . .............................................. clay
Spirits
and oth er thin gs
. . ........
.,
....... ... . . .. . . . ... . .. . ... . . . ... . .................. ............... ! .. ... . . ... .. . ....... .
/
�Arrest Warrant
COMMONWEA LTH OF VIRGINIA, ·} TO WIT:
R OCKINGHAM COUNT Y,
ounty, has this day made
ei----1.L.U ~~~ ~~ ~ ~ 'l::::t.t.~~a Justice of the said County,
These are therefore, in the name of the Commonweal th of Virginia, to command you forthwith to apprehend and bring before m
or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said- - - - - - -
to answer the said compl nt and to be further dealt with according to law. And you are required to summon
V--
/
to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonweal th, on the examination touching the said offence.
Given under my hand and seal this___£fa .
No. 38
L
in the year 19 .l. J :
�Co mm o nwealth
vs.
} Arres t Warrant
~~
..
·.... ....................... .
Executed the w ith in warnmt IJy a rresti ng
a 11 d deli verin g th e IJody of
t
a Just"ce
I
1110 11 i11g the within named w itn esses i n p er son,
th is
v..t.
day of ~
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�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the She riff of Rockingham County, Greeting:
.
.
You are hereby commanded to summon. .
. "J)
........ ............... .
..
········ ·~~~i;e/!:::;:ftl-t~~-"%::~ · · · ···· · ··
~~=
~ ~ ~' V,
~~:;c{=~~ ~
to appear before the Jud_ge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Court
~ day of.. / ) / ' ~ ...... 19 .. ~.~ --.._
House, at 10 o'clock, a . m., on the ... ..
t ..
...
to testify and the truth to say in beluilf of the Defendant in the prosecution of the Com,1nonwealth, Plaintiff: against
d.7--.· .
.v~~:;{ .
5 . ....
.. .
Defenda nt.····•·••
shall not omit under the penalty of £100. And have then
And .this.
and there this Writ .
Witness, J . F. BLACKBURN, Clerk of our said Court, at the Court House, the
19.Z. .-S.--; and in the l ~.thyearofthe Commonwealth .
..J. ....day of ....
.
/'J!..~.•..... . ............,
... .~"/.= .. /.:z.!.. ~~ .~.............. ,
News.Record, Harrisonburg, Va.
Clerk.
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�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:
.~
You are_ hereby c?rn,111,anded to summon .....;
.J z ~ ,
~
..
· · ·£ ·'·. . £',.... . . .... .
2J, . ✓- .-.i_~ . £yd ~
~ ~~
71...,~/·•P;... . ..
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..
··~·······J··· ·± . - / · ~·· · ···· ·
to appear before the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Court
House thereof~ at 1 0 o'clock, a . m., on the ~ ~ay of .~?.-:~. .. 19 ..-?:-.'f5'- to testify and the truth to
82:!f, in b ehalf of the Commonw ealth against ...............
· ········••······ ··· ··· ··· · ? b . ~ ~{ ~ .. ........... . . ..
who stands charged with and indicted for a f elony
misdemeanor.
And this ... ... .... ~.. shall not omit under the penalty of £ 1 00. And have then
and there this Writ.
Witness, J . F. BLACKBURN, Clerk of our sa,id Court, at the Cou,rt House, the
~
ay of.
.
~
News-Record, Harrisonb ura, Va .
: .
, 19 . .. ?,and in the l ~ m o n w e a l t h .
, ,. ] ,- ? , ; ~ . <... . ..... . . . .... . .... .. . . . . . . . . . , Clerk.
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�In the Name of the Commonwealt h of Virginia :
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:
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to appear before the Judge of' the Circuit Cou,rt of Roclcinghmn County, at the Cow·t
. .1 9 ..,.,Z....,..5House thereof, at 10 o'clock, a. m,., on the ........... ! .f...... ..........clay of ...c:JLd.-..~
Grnnd Jiir y
to testily c1,nd the truth to say in behalf of the Commonwealth befo re the
·....
n nc:t;i~r:h:,:~; .. ~~ .... ... shall not omit under the pennlty of' £100. .llncl hnve then
·w itness, J . F. BL.IL CICB UR.N', Clerk of our snid Court, cit the Court House, the
..../1f:day of ... ~ '. .. .. ... . ., 1 9:2..d'; mid in the 11.if.7)...th yea r of' the Commonwealth .
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Link A. Ray
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Guilty
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
guilty
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1925
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box5-022
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Ray
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_017_032.pdf
3b863482b921bd9d80f312f2faac034c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Livingston Johnson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1867
Subject
The topic of the resource
Disturbing an assembly met for the worship of God
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with isturbing an assembly met for the worship of God
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sydney Ring
Megan Pullen
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Criminal
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr002_017_032
Johnson
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_010_306-commonwealth-v-lloyd-dove.pdf
89bfb6af7b8582b9f8188735b8983bb3
PDF Text
Text
•
..•
l
•
COWOl!\fE!.I4'li OF VI!lCINl!.,
COIJ7..ITY
OF ROOXIJJGr
Al,[, to-wit:
I1: \Ile Cirolli t Court
':he Jurors
tbe lro4.)- ot
o.t said
County:
o.t il:o Coaonweu
tl,e coU.UtT rloresaid,
at 1 ts J.U€'1•t teno,
1928,
th at
in er.d tor
Virginia,
1>.poi, tboir
pr111ent that
oatha
Dove on or abo11t J1'.llo 6, 1928. in tbe &aid co,uity,
one Al.ex Grove, feloniously
Alex Grovo,
and danger
did
of l,J.s life,
tho property
tle
will
di.;:nit,
Uc.
•~•al,take
,;r&<1d
anl
in and 11po11
put
in bodily
.tear
.to11rteru1 lollars
troo
the person
cash,
and age! nst
.teloni<>ualy
and
oar--, away, agtiJ.n!Jt tlle p<Mt,oallDd
o.t tl:a Com.,,,nwee.lth of Virginia.
U&ry Gtove,
c.
Alex Grove,
Lloyd
and him, the said
Alex vr<>-vo, then ai,d tl:ere,
'!'Lis indictinant
&n~
feloniously
anO one hundred
or tr. e said
ot tho ..aid
violently
t:18.dean assau1t,
then and there
aa1a Cou.rt
;wd no• at"tendin&
is found
1'1111 Dove,
R. Jawley,
Jury to
~1'"'
Goldie
w1tnassee
evidenoc.
on the
tea\imony
of Frank E. Dove,
Dove, Alex Clrove, \\llliam
swor,, in Court and sent
G:rove,
betore
the
�Robb•rs
,_.
Oomr:1om10Uth
v) rndic tiien t
1107.i
Dove
· ,·elony
Au~=i term, 1928
A True fill:
=h..~
t.'oren,o.n
D, W, :!:unan
Co11treonwea.l.
tl, 'U Aiiornoy
.
'
�•
COJ.!llO.!lWEAL'.£ll
OF VIRGINIA,
OOUJITYOF ROCKillOHAJ,!,to-w1t:
ot
In tl!.e Ciraul. t Court
ot the Commonwe,lth ot V1rg1nia,
Tba ~urors
ti,e '>ob ot ~•
Court
se.10. County:
ooanty
of Rontl cgi,-..,. &lld i:ow attending
at i~s Au&U,8t tel'lll,
LloyO. Dovo, on or about
ot -t•.at
da;¥,
"1th
In
intent
1928, upon their
.wO. bur,3lu1ons].J'
of one Alex Grove,
o~ tl:.e sa.ia ilex
county
atores&.l a, then
telon1ousl;;,
e.gainat
the grand
in the
eaid county,
being,
take,
then
Grove,
.u,d there
and carry
away,
in the
&llCl.
there
be lug found,
did ateal,
thon and there
take,
or tbe Co=omo•lth
1nd1ot1>8llt 1a rouna
Jury to give
night
Gro,e, 1n th~ 11&1ddJlelling-houae,
the peace and d1gnlt7
andC. R. Fawley,
1n the
anachat-
dollars
DoTe, I.CaryGro-Ye, Wlll l>oYe, Goldi
Grove,
situated
to steal,
and bu:rsJ.ariously
!hie
1928,
that
in oash of the good.a
and one hunil.red fourteen
tels
present
4.10. ,real: all4. enter
~!:..en and there
and burgla.rlo\18lY
l,l.e sald
ot him, the said. Alu
•ho goods and ola.ttele
.he aaid dwell1n;;-houe,
feloniously
oaths
tho 6th d8,f or Juno,
telon1ou.aly
the dwolling-houee
111 o.nd for
witnesses
ev1denoe.
and. oe.ny
away,
ot VlrgilllL
on the teat1mo117 or Frank E,
Dove, .Uex a-roYe, WilliP
sworn in Court and eont
betore
�--
l!Ura].ar1;,
C01111:10mt6'll
th
v) Indiotn,ent
Uo7d
J>o•e
Felony
A-t
tel'Jll,
1928
A 'l'ruo Bill:
>- .l,'I_ "
i
P'oJ;"e10e.n·
_;)• 1'i. !:arr., 8.n
COIM\On'MOl.lth•sAttorney
• •
••
�/I
...
I
COWD!'IIII«B
UAIDJIOU
(lvtrlU7
I
�.
�C>J?
ft.
·••u.
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1928
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lloyd Dove
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with felony assault and felony theft.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Felony
Theft
Assault
Theft
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Jennifer Taylor
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
CCR001_010_306
Dove
Grove
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_012_008-commonwealth-v-lonza-knight.pdf
ca845aa025725497e07da0b4bac41717
PDF Text
Text
CO!IHO~EALTE OF VIRGLJI.n,
COUJ:JTY
OJ' ROCKINGF
...Ail:, to-wit:
In the Circuit
Court
The grand
for
jurors
Court
present
1933,
at
that
in the
its
one Andy Carrier,
monwealth
of Virginia,
of Rockingham,
term,
1953,
on or about
county,
feloniously
against
the peace
in and
and now attending
upon their
the 13th
did kill
and dignity
oaths
day of .Tuly,
and murder
of the Com-
of Virginia.
This
Martin,
October
Lonza Knight,
said
County:
6~ the State
the body of the county
said
jury
of said
indictment
a witness
to give
is found on the testimony
sworn in Court
evidence.
and sent
before
of F. P.
the grand
�✓
Murder
Commonwealth
\~
v)
Indictment
Lonza Knight
Felony
~ ~I
October
1933
N-_
~/~)~
1
term,
~
A
True Bill:
Foreman
{
Witnesses:
C.R.
Fawley
S. V. Shifflett
Link Ray
~~~~<~
,
~~J~
~
}
~tr
D • 'N. Earman
"Commonweal th' s Attorney
r
�~~ ~.
~
{YU
/4/4,-1
o.-,,.-,
~
{,,,
-
�l
�CO:MMONilEALTH
v.
Felony
LONZA KNIGHT
,1
-'
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t
,.
('
C&t~
~'I I (
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I
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!>---
Ot1
(murder)
/Jr,.~
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�IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ROCKINGHAMCOUNTY, VIRINIA
COMM:ONWEALTH
vs.
CHARGE TO THE JURY
LONZA KNIGHT
Your charge
of the felony
is to inquire
as charged
If you find
dictment,
and that
and was willful,
him guilty
tentiary
him guilty
of murder
or,
in your discretion,
him guilty
deliberate,
more than twenty
on reasonable
guilty
in the peni-
than twenty
of murder,
years.
as charged
with malice
and premeditated,
in the in-
aforethought,
and
then you shall
and ascertain
for not less
him not guilty
aforethought,
provocation,
of voluntary
finement
find
find
his punish-
than five
nor
years.
in the second
malice
then you shall
by confinement
in the penitentiary
If you find
or of murder
aforethought
his punish-
of murder in the second degree,
ment by confin·ement
in the in-
and ascertain
or for any term not less
him guilty
is guilty
as charged
with malice
degree
and the same was committed
was not willful,
without
of myrder,
and premeditated,
in the first
If you find
the accused
or not guilty.
the same was committed
for life,
dictment,
in the indictment
deliberate,
ment at death,
whether
degree,
actual
of murder in the first
but that
or implied,
or in mutual
manslaughter,
in the penitentiary
he killed
Andy Carrier
upon a sudden heat,
combat,
you will
and ascertain
for not less
degree
find
him
his punishment
by con-
than one nor more than five
years.
If you find
or of murder
guilty
in the second degree,
of involuntary
punishment
manslaughter,
by confinement
more than five
of not exceeding
year,
him not guilty
years,
or,
$1000,
of murder
in the first
or of voluntary
you will
manslaughter,
but
say so and ascertain
in the penitentiary
for not less
in your discretion,
assess
or by confinement
degree
in jail
a fine
than
his
one nor
against
him
for not exceeding
one
or both.
If you find
him not guilty,
you will
say so and no more.
�Commonwealth
v.
Lonza Knight
Charge to the Jury
�INSTRUCTION
NO.
The Cour.t instructs
by the law in Virginia
the second
murder
as murder in the first
instructs
in wait,
imprisonment,
premedit
ted killing,
gree.
that
is distinguished
decree
and murder
in
degree.
The Court
mit,
the jury
arson,
rape,
All other
the jury
starving
that
or any wilful,
or in the commission
robbery,
murder by poison,
or burglary,
of,
deliberate,
or attempt
lying
and
to com-
is murder in the first
murder is murder in the second degree.
de-
�(T
�INSTRUCTIONNO.
The Court
the killing
infers
malice
further
is wilful,
from this
instructs
deliberate,
fact.
the jury
that
and premeditated,
whenever
the law
��I
INSTRUCTION
NO._!!_.
The Court
Virginia
is presumed
order
to elevate
burden
of proof
offence
instructs
the
to be murder
the offence
jury
that
..---·.-t~,,....,,.~-
every
homicide
in the second degree.
to murder in the first
the burden of proof
In
degree,
is upon the Commonwealth, and to reduce
to mans4-aughter,
1n
the
the
is upon the prisoner.
��INSTRUCTION
NO.
The Court
being with malice
instructs
of wilful,
first
deliberate,
degree.
the jury
aforethought
which is perpetrated
--ij--•
by poison,
that
is guilty
lying
and premeditated
whoever kills
of murder;
in wait,
killing
that
a human
a murder
or any other
kind
is murder in the
��~
CJ/ I
/{ ~
/
INSTRUCTION
NO.
The Court
a man shall
necessary
instructs
be taken
consequence
to intend
the
jury
that
of his acts.
that
the rule
which he does,
of law is that
or which is a
��INSTRUCTION
NO.
The Court
malice
proved,
is presumed
instructs
from the fact
and is unaccounpanied
the burden
the jury
of disproving
malice
k._.
that
on a charge
of killing.
with circumstances
of murder
When the killing
of palliation,
is thrown upon the accused.
is
�·,.
l.
�..2__.
INSTRUCTION
NO.
The Court
a wilful,
that
deliberate,
the intention
time prior
intention
of killing,
further
the
that to constitute
it
killin.B/is
not necessary
and premeditated
to kill
to the actual
should
instructs
come into
should
killing.
existence
jury
exist
any particular
length
of
It
1s only necessary
that
such
for
the first
time at the time
or any time previously.
•
��INSTRUCTIONNO.
The Court
wound given
slayer,
with a deadly
without
1s prima facie,
throws
further
wilful,
the
jury
weapon in the previous
any provocation,
upon the prisoner
circumstances.
instructs
that
possession
or even with slight
deliberate,
the necessity
a mortal
and premeditated
of the
provocation,
killing,
of showing extenuating
and
��INSTRUCTION NO.
The Court
the charge
instructs
of murder against
the
•
jury that
the accused,
the Commonwealth to prove the motive
in order
it
to establish
is not necessary
for
of such murder.
5 3,
• • 307
��INSTRUCTIONNO.
}
The Court
the evidence
that,
previous
a grudge on the part
prisoner
had previously
and that
he killed
then such killing
murder
in the first
instructs
//J .
the jury
that
to the time of the killing,
of the prisoner
towards
declared
this
the deceased
was wilful,
degree.
if they believe
that
because
deliberate,
from
there
the deceased;
was
that
the
grudge must be settled;
of this
aforesaid
and premeditated,
grudge,
and is
��INSTRUCTIONNO. /.
The Court
self-defense
it must appear
and had reasonable
that
instructs
grounds
he was in danger
the jury
that
from the evidence
to believe,
of death
in order
that
to establish
the accused
at the time of firing
or serious
bodily
harm.
believed,
the shot,
��e
INSTRUCTION NO.
The Court
a question
instructs
exclusively
ber of witnesses
the
for
testify
jury
the
jury,
directly
not bound to regard
the weight
jury
to determine
have the right
on the stand,
fairness,
their
their
that
the credibility
opposite
appearing
worthy of oredit,
and to give
to each other,
of the evidence
as equally
from the appearance
intelligence,
ing circumstances
and their
and from all
on the trial,
credit
of witnesses
and the law is that
manner of testifying,
apparent
/ ;,..---
where a numthe jury
balanced,
is
the
of the witnesses
apparent
the other
which witnesses
accordingly.
is
candor
and
surround-
are more
��INSTRUCTION
The court
find
instructs
from tha eviden~e
that
the
sufficient
provocation--such
only;
was done in the heat
cient
second
provocation,
degree.
the
if,
jury
that
the killing
ar passion,
malice--in
manslaughter
heat
I
-------
killing
of passion,
they
shall
was done without
in a sudden brawl,
however,
such killing
if they
amounts
fini
on a
to voluntary
that
but on a slight
the killing
and insuffi-
may amount to murder
in the
��INSTRUCTION
The Court
evidence
relies
that
instructs
the defendant
upon self
defense
showing such excuse
NO.
the
shot
jury
acts
and circumstances
that
him for
r_soner,
p eponderance
th~
;f
and killed
to excuse
is on the
/
in the case.
if they
find
the deceased
such act,
and to avail
from the
and that
the burden
he
of
him of such
of tho/ evidence/\ from a 1
��_,ou.:ct i 1St!'ucts
1.h
every
tte
p rson
aJ.~us
eu L. t is
0
1
0.3
.:ere
c.ggL.!i~t t to
or
law
t t
innocence.
im ocont
tn
d,
.r10
c
to
sus:;;icio.:
e; onv ic:t,
.o
r pc .. d r...111..;1.3
Jf t n., evi
1 i idiot
Jef.1t,
out
to
,le.
until
.n:.1kes it
L r'.., ~red
.c.•:unt
jury
th
tl at
Jvery
i'a~t
dllty
thei1'
because
pro oability
is
it
t
h·~
to ac 1u.,;_t !ti 1.
.rove..
8.1-.!e sup..)ort~·
if
th
thJ
e-uilt
is
Je
i::.. .~ot
1 r 5 Jr
chti..q 5
~
A
ay
o.f hH:i guilt
suf: i....,iunt
ni · uu 1vL:ti
aw pre''u.n0°
eSS'J.1tia
facts
the
01·
the
L.
'J
rn ic;;ht
the
..1ust te
1
:?!'OVJ
1
w· th
tr
s
c_
).1
rly
,:;h ., th i-·e
iL
10
rJ
I
II
:1
ii
via,
.i • ,,
vun
b
so,1
JlJ
th30
·y
.J01
~J...:;,ont
��n
urt
ay
e g~i
in
if
t_,
ble doubt
' doubt
t
t
.1..edoubt
thut
f
his
ii t
h
11
do
n da
thy
Vl ..
,
and
h tt
d h"i
r he
h
..
'1
I'
ui1.ty
tn y
d i
I'
n ... ug ter,
c'uaed
i1
0
ui.1..ty o
s to wheth
sh
ty
n
tn
La.Vv
theu
a 1d uC
, ss ...r
.J..
0
,..
....
t
~1i t
if
0
f
·h 1~ re1:;iolv
lV
t
h v
ndt..,1t
a
.LU
s. to
1
h tnJr
tnu.t u u ot
.r:av.. r,
0
to
uf:i
.. .1.. htLJl,
,.
aCJUSOU
J.ta.c
·f
mrd r or
oubt
ltu ta.t:Y ,,
t
f the
Qegree.
of
tte!'
r i
ur
eJond
i1
th3y
vor
d u ot
hi •
u
the
favor
in
guilty
i
V
-"-•ol
oubt
i 1th
th tu
-
or
egre
th~t
t ry or i
ot
V _,
to Hbether
a
t
f td~t
r.
lo '/Or gnide.
o ... th
nurd9r
slaught
VOJ.U
0
hou d ro olv,... th t
flr
olv.
n-
1d a reason-
OlC
a doubt
t.
rd
1 r solve
of
6 ui ty
1
I\
th
hi
thy
gul
urder
they sh 11 r
do~ot
r,
fl
of
vY
ty
a r u
htiVG
o
.ae
at a 1, thy
gui
they
if
th
th ...y hav
if
tut
of
fro-
d hi.
i
te;
t a ...d f i
a s
d
•
ee,
h Vo
...liev.
is g ilty
uilty
....e,...ono.
of th
y
t
jury
the
r.
o illustr
l\ d ...f nd nt
t
tru
i.
.L
t ~ _.'
uSluUo
0
i
th
id
guiJ.t
.::;
..J..
of
vor of
1
��Th .. Jourt
pre.i'i"'
Yh
instructs
att-c~:::ed
is
th ... jury
uadar
o doing
- s a prudent
11
j!
I
. an reus0nuo
y
th
no duty
t
to
.. y use
su0h
...10 ~osst.ry
to
ffilJ.nupon his
r·etreat
for.;e
rep
but
a•
l the
o
1
r sist
,.1ay
to
up.,_JJci.r
at tac
.
hi
�----,
�i
Tha
threatoued
1
instruct'
dangel',
for
ctual
it
means
:,1
;1
!\
I
I
I
l
give"
to prevent
necessary
h
the
will
¥h13 ...
L rn to
of ti1ings
state
to force;
a~ to
m1stak
that
jury
luw authorizes
co viction,
I m~n would have o en
another,
th
the
of .r·esorting
and honost
sible
ourt
and the
n c ssity
11able
1.1
with
appearances
the
1
actual
lJ
ua ger,
oeter,1i.n0
g hill,
he uct~
held
i
,;,1
surrou11dL
ru...d, if
not
a
fro
oth
as to
reason-
crimi~lilly
where
from
respoh-'
I
r judicious
I
is taken;
for
the
injurt:Jd
in.jury
as
his
wh~n one man at te.npt
non thJ
behavior
ri._:rht
to
injure
to 1w::1.lrn
use of such
and tbe
si tuatiou
r,ltiX:e
1
��Tho court
do not
of theillsolv-as
evidence
b~ the
\
ii the
.neant
jury
,,
I
12.-5/828
a homici
';3,
thut
altnough
,Tet if
by the .deo..pused
?~~-..---1,t
T:t1ight/\
in
fu01. tnre'""
d ter,n1ning
the
dc.f1311dc;.;.:1tspl ,a of self-d
to r.:ill
ju.cy
the
ya~a~e
~,t
I
1\
1·
oxuus1
that
tlhe defendant
1
instructs
or do hi
·1
r,
fe
dre
evideice
th
so e serions
bodily
his
y bol1eve
Jarrior
to
so b.ule.10e .... aud
.. o , nd of
ere
fro
tje
uguinst
oe consia.erod
bonu fides
belief
h r, •
threats'
tnat
of
deceuse~
I
��Th
vid
'
t car.cl
·e th
.fa
that
th
1 chaJ.
ct-r
instr
rt
r9
, ,r
~t
or
H',
th
th
jury
Jurrl(jr
~ii th
c· rcu, stan
es brought
afford
a/•cused
if t~JY
t
er~,
ot
about
oJliuv
o.id
by th
J,.
t
fr
iy
ct
of
such
or
a
1\
~ju!lctio.
·1
I
to
he d"d
1g aid
li_vi
Ii inf
as
with
ict
o.
o::' Ja.cryi
,
1
r to
great
bodi.Ly
harm,
nccs,
out
...1.s 10 des
CCUS.;,d.
86 ~ra. 466
thJ
after·v
ig.1
a r )a- onac lo 6 rou1 d for
the
_d to
1g su::!h dosign
do hL.
that
dasig
hL
tu.rn';ld
tho r _
believe
others,
thes 3 circuCTst
have
th
k"ll
1
L. .sdi·
intu
ki.lli
said
g is
to
app~ara
on thJ
purt
o:
Jarrio
, ·• d the
.c, or he in
said
~:t1ii:;rt,
or
to
\me L.1r. .:.uent d~::.gc
ex3 ~utio1,
0xcusa
thut
har,
the
d there
rdc
gr_d t bodily
C&rri
be-
18,
tho
1,
u-'-~hout;h
1cos \7cru
.r- to kill
,jur~1 r.ust
under
it
r.my
do ~.3ptivo,
the
uc..:used
nd
.0
1
�..
.s
�The Court
1
reasonaoly
tnJ
purpose
bod;ly
his
hara
appr
of
further
tells
h no. d thr.i.t another
illing
nirn. or doing
the
ju:.cy th~t
intend
own necessary
self
d to attack
sor:ie .:1e, ber
th1n such pe~&on has a right
wh,n
of his
to arm hi self
_per~ on
him for
fa
ily
for
d Jfe ..rne.
12.o/825
_j
�'
\ \
�11
II
,I
I
If
the
thJ
defendc.l,nt
·o lieva
jury
wae assaulted
to u11::1.k=it appear
Ii us
dec~ased
or the
those
and
to
by the
tho
wjth
L
ti is
-..:use that
d,JcoaSBd
with
such
violence,
at
ti,
cvia.0.1...rn
defenda.1t
him manif'3Btly
of so.n,1 memb~r
li.f0
1
fro.n· th
of his
im.rnincnt
and
retr1;at
botlnd
to
force
with
own li:"e
I
'In
-3-!
or prcJv ...nt
....3
:1 n <.L.3SSary.
ii
I
II
'
but
ry
th1t
then, in that
had
forc-'3 ,· and
_./
,.t,..
1~np3nding
if
th,1 right
it
sn~ll
app0ar
or
to
that
dof(~ndunt
hj s adV'}r,.;ury
jurJ
~
was not
repel
to save
~t!jt.r·y,
to
life
his
da.nge~ was
Stl::.nd hjfJ f.couna,
tne
the
to take
har ..1 a d tho
gr1...1t bodily
to
,3
to do hi.1 or
-.:u.se. tllo
l18ed bo .::ill
hi.;;. .t"o~oivin_
intended
amily
s )rn'3 gr ... t oodi.ly
the
huvc
and
his
it
is
�l
�V
V
I 'V
I
I
!J--
~~
-t
Iv
I)
0
eII
6
l)
/7,/'
'
/:
v
��Commonwealth
of Virginia:
To
the Sheriff
of Rockingham
County,
Greeting:
You are hereby commanded to s11,mrnon
..
to appear before the Judge of the Cirrnit Court of Rockingham
at
,~k,
a. rn., on the/~
...
ay of .....
Couni'y, at the Court House
th;g:y
U. ..@I, ........ ................
19 ...... ,
...
::t:;:.~•'.•~:,•.
GRA~D./UR~··························
tot«#/y
...d.t~tn:th.to.,,
who stands charged with and i11dicted for a felony misdemeanor.
And this ......
~.....
..........
shall not
omit 1111derpenalty of £100.
And have then and
there this Writ.
Witness,
d,y Of
P al.
PRESS
..
. ROBERT
c!/-,...
HARMISON8UI\G
YA
SWlT_;l}
Clf'rk of our s:~,
19 R./.ond
;,, th,
at the Court Homf', lhf' /
1~1.~.
O_j;.:/.
,
Cink
�c-+-
0
~
�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff
of Rockingham
County,
Greeting:
You are hereby commanded to summon ....
to appear before the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Court House thereof,
at 9:3_0 o'clod, a. m.,
011
the~#a?ot.
.
who stands charged with and indicted for
And this ....
a
.J.✓...!'.~ ..~ ..~ ..
felony ntfsr{e'fffeano.
. .. . shall not
omit under penalty of £100.
And have then and
there this Writ.
Witness, J. ROBERT SWITZER, Clerk of our sai~urt,
day of ....
THE
r.Ctt:.:..~L
...... 19 .. ? ~and
SEk.VICE PRESS,
HARRI ONBURG,
VA.
19:/.;;;[
in the 15
No. 457
f..... (~,
......
/!~
~ ........... .
at the Court House, the ...
of Jhe Com7io11wealth. .
..
~Clerk
�~,,l..within Summons
7 -
ov ae1 v ~ r 1
1g
a true
Gopy
of tile
to-~
~
r~
~\\)
~q_
{
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2.1 O
2.2 4
2.31
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1.2
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1.4 0
1.5 4
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4.3 0
4.5 0
3.3 0
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2.R 0
3.0 0
2.5
2.5
2.5
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O
����, ~cated
v Dec,lst
1933 by deliv-~1-c
a true
cory
of the "Jithir'
-nP ,--O"t to Jake
;;;· -:i h, .'1 illiar
Pa3'l' ,
rl :'.'' k, JOE- c_~'lfO
C ,_.rs J0
vlc:,;•rford,
C.Ro:\, .. ·ley,LinJ:
~ay,Cha.rli2
La.n,H .... Coff· a ,,u. 1d
:--ir r
a,ch in )erso 1.
1
-
L¥qs
«__11r~
_De uty for C uL 1' df'3r, S. R. C.
ot f · "1'.1i
R. O. S ·ank ""t his
1 11c1.l ~•1,-,,c" of
a iode
executed
Dec,L,t
1933 1)y deli-1
ri"1___; a tru
co 1 y
0f this
ui~·,on to
,Jtti
S1<..,,:1l<:i:1:: •rso1,
1,t
n.o.swank nsnal 1.,Jane of ccbode Bettie
,., 'c: k bei:1g
a -..el bcr of his f,l iley
1:.1.bov2 th
a[> of 16 yec1.Ts
and e:;~rLd11in;
the .JUr~ ort --'-her~of .,o }:2r.
·ot fj_JT:1i · :';J -, 11 o.t his usual
place
of abode
exec .rt.eJ :)ec ,1~ t 19Y3 by deliverin___, a t-. 01 e co· y
of this
.JU .or! to J rniA
LE ,Ht said
_,r1 La 1 u:-:;1 1
rlace
of &bode ::(,r lie Lm l)eL1_, ct 'J 1b r :if his
fanil~y
aboYI':! the a 6 e of 16 3rec..rs,a1cl.
ex~lui,i·,:_;
tte
~ r~ort
th reof
to her.
1
0
ot find i 10 John Rolston
at hi'3 'JS 1.al plcte
of XIDffX
aJ))de :iLxeduted Dcc,lst
192')3 0y clrliv::rin~
a true
J
00.:.Y oft
is e, 1 iroP to C:l-:i.8.rlotte R0lston
1,1 ;1eri:rnn
at said
J'oh:1 Rolston
usua.l :-,lace of abode Chc;t.rlotte
'Rolston
b i:!:1~ a mer"!ber of his fct.miley
abov
the
G.f;;t,::-of 16 years
a,..d e.x" laL1in 6 t:he purport
th~reof
to her.
·-ot f i ~rJi11g Ray--mo_d ?.ay a.~ hi~ 'J..'n_ 7 place
of
i.bodE. _,--3cuted
:Jec,lst
1933 1:>:r rceliv)rin____; a true
cory of tlis
s11O11 to Lin 1" ~'iay, at 'c,,id !,a'TT'10jYl
1 a~
1. ,y l
place
of al)odc Link Ray lJ<iine; "" r ember
of his fct. il(jY above the ,1__:eof 16 ~rec.rs, and
~7: la L~i ~ th, pur: ort the:c _of to hi·-•
Hot fin-~i'lt;
Fra,1kli·1
LP, e.t hi•-' l~.:i''<--1 ;li:.~ce of
c..:bode no··· c1,ny ,,e,11h1"T ,_f hi
fa. ile:,r t}.-1-.:re ,vl1on
servic
'!S co'.tld
be ·,ad,
:i'.,:,_ecutei D c 1st 19;:,3 · -:,'
I osti 1g a t1·ue co~'Y of this
s1nr ,0,1 on the front
door of hi~ usual
· lace
o:f a.·6ode and lea vin,; se,me
1
rostecl.
there.
71
0;1/d Lam not f ou·1d i'1 11y 'b ilwickc
....
~__,_··
....
" (~'.&ic "-1..'.L~- _De1jut y for (LR.:;_ a; rl ey, :, •
~
L
•
C.
��In the Name of the Commonwealth
of Virginia:
~~~;~:.~~
to appear before the Judge of the ~ Court of Roe : gham C01mty, at the Court House thereof,
£'-:............
day of. ........... ~.... 19 ... 1..~stify
at 9:30 o'clock, a. m., on the ..
micl the truth to
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony m.i,s.d.e:,neanar.
And this ..............
~ ....... shall
not
omit under penalty of £100.
And have then and
there this Writ.
Witness, J.
'<..c/19 ~?,-,,,d
d,y of.....
THE
OBERT S\VJTZER, Clerk of our said Court, at the Court House, the .
SERVICE
PRESS,
HARRISONDURG,
VA.
;, th,/
1~~
s
..'
~~.
FORM
Cl"k
NO.
5
�11»
~~-
�to appear before the Judge of the Cirrnit Court of Roc~Cottrt
11!
9: 3 0 o'clock.,
11. 111.,
on the4'
tr.fa;
of...
. . ..
House thereof,
&, ..............................
...........
......
19
t ..~?,
to testify and the lrn)h to say in behalf of the Conz.monwealth against
.... ?;•;.<.,.r, . .'....
···•························:~.,~?..,
,?:..-:?.~~
..~·...................................................
.
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony ~=or.
And this ........... ~--············
shall not
omit under penalty of £100.
And have then and
there this Writ.
-7-- --tL)
Wi~"?_.; J. ROBERT
SWITZER,
Clerk. of ottr sa~rt,
day of". . .. .?:f!-.{-1,
. ....... 19.2.:::?-and in the 15r.:..
.
,~···
THI:: SEk.VJCE PRESS,
HARRISONBURG,
VA,
No. 457
at the Court House, the ........
Z..........
.
year of the Co 1monwealth. ,
...4::'..;.t;".~,.I.~.
........., Clerk.
�.,
�In the Name of the Commonwealth
of Virginia:
To the Sheriff
of Rockingham
County,
Greeting:'
Y 01t are hereby commanded to summon .. ............... .
to appear bef9re the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Court House thereof,
on the . ..~.~y
~n,,,
say in behalf of the Defendant
of. .....
in the
~~.-'!:!~.:/.....19 ~21o
testify and the truth to
secution of the Commonweafth against ....... ............................... .
................
······································
.........
~ ..
~/. ...x~-~/2........
.
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony mide.meamor.
And this ................ .-:~.-,-. /
.....shall not omit 1t11derpenalty of £100.
And hai1e then and
there this Writ.
Witness, J. ROBERT SWITZER, Clerk of our said Court, at the Court House, the ..
day of. ... ....
&...~/.
19 ~.
and in the / a.f~f
SEK.VICE PRESS,
HARRISONBURG,
VA.
#- •
the cazimonwealth.
~k.~.~A---!
THE
:f!F'~
. .,
Clerk
FORM NO. 5
�1..
'
I
I
I .
/
'
�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff
of Rockingham
Yott are hereby commanded to summon .................................................
to appear.bef.ore I e Judge of theff
'
.
"Y "'.
'
, .
., on the ....
c,£,,°urt
County,
Greeting:
.
of Rockingham County, at the Court House thereof,
7 ,....'flayof. ... ...~~ .. 19 .~fto
testify and the truth to
behalf
.•he
~•f~nd~"'..'''&:;:::;.2<::::;z;:_""''..
..•••.••••.•••••
.•I
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony 1#isd"4nean.or~
And this ........~...
........ shall not omit under penalty of £100.
And have then and
~~~-
~
d,,;''"k!::J.E~T.s:1~~dc;:·:h:17;
THE
SERVICE
PRESS,
HARRISONBURG,
VA.
OR}.!
NO.
5
�/~J(S
..1,
•xocut
n
pAr"
~
✓
xJ
~
,,..,,n,1
�In the Name of the Commonwealth
of Virginia:
To
/
the Sheriff
of Rockingham
County,
Greeting:
Yott ~re he:e':! commanded to mmmon~':..<_~.~·;-/;,.~···~~
./Jh.
..···················
······
...................
.....
,.(Y.f~
..~K<./~···w.~✓
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········;·················~········~±?~&,
..~ ...~
......
~...
o(..=,.~,<:-,&;;,,;Jf'~,
~.~.,('~
...
,.e.~ ..x~~.2b~i1:i!:5_·~'··21-,<.~
~
~..~.@~~ ...~ ...9~~·············~·~·············
to appear before the Judge of the C#-t
Co1trt of Rockingham Co1tnty, at the Court House thereof,
~ ........... day of. .... Af.~./ ..........
194#.to
testify
at 9:30 o'clock, a. m., on the ...
say in behalf of the Defendant
in the proserntion of the
and the trnth to
011p11011ltlealth
against ............. .
.................................................£}~::?.:!:?/~✓- .. ............ ......
.
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony 1nisde-mecmor.
And this ....... ········~·····
... shalt not omit ttnder penalty of £100.
A'lld have then and
there this Writ.
Witnes/i!.
ROBERT SWITZER, Cler!t of our saidd,rt,
hDU)_ ..... 1,:f7;,,,J;nth,
d,yo/
THE
SEH.VICE PllESS,
HARRISONBURG,
VA.
/,9~/~
at the Court House, the . /~
.,
...
cl,,k
FORM NO. 5
��Prisoners
Reportof Rockingham
CountyJail
I
I
LA,,,z,,w.,r~~
....
Held for trial.
.........
.
... ......... ....... ................ .Sentenice ............ ..
Fine ............. .
.~"-·
,
/t:1
:\\Teiaht
Heigh
Teeth marks
....
Thigh
OF
CJ
of
... Hand
·---~
marks
...... Faoe marks
.. Back marks
marks
.. Knee marks
marks
................... Foot marks
Calf of leg marks
Fingers
................ ..
discharg~
TION
Arm mark
Shoulder
Id for penitentiary
.Held (or other a 1thorities
Held as insar e
Behavior
j< .:': .
....... Time m jail/
Costs
.months ...
.. ...wears
.. :Mole marks ................ ..
off
... Breast
Neck marks ..
.. Right arm marb
Left arm marks
.
Right leg mark,; .
Left leg marks
Fine after prisoner
marks
at jail; Amount
to State$
.................
Amount
to City $
. Deputy
and
Jailor
Sheriff.
��Prisoners
Reportof Rockingham
CountyJail
Month of½
. Date
Male ..,. ,C, .. Female
~
Place of Birt'1
Physical
Can
condition
cead1fd
City Ordinance
............ .1 Fo/e1gn Born
/.
w,;te~
.
Occup~
....... .........
":": ....... Offen;
. .....~
..
...T 1me
✓.3a1·1 ........................
p
Height
Weight
Teeth marks
:::«,c;
j;_
.....
~
.... ............ 111ontl1s.
. .......
Held f or penitentiary ...
(J .color
.....
~ ....
of
~~
Color of hair.
J......
✓r
Hanel marks
.............................. Faoe marks
marks
marks
OF PRISONER
/~.
Arm marks
......
........ Back marks ................ ..
.......................... .............. Knee marks
Calf of leg mark·
Fingers
,·ictim?
............ Date of discharge
DESCRIPTION
Thigh
o·
months
Held for other authorities
Behavior
Shoulder
Dirnrccd
...years .
. or dr
.
. Held for Grand Jury ..
111
Held as insane
:;'~
S ..
~.2.,v;,
~y•ears
~ .............
.. S en terns.~
Costs
u.
.....Time in
.....State..
Held for trial..
Fine ..
Married
.......................... Is person a d ·unkard?
. 19.V /
com:,1 ttecl ..........................
4.A.... .. Single .
..... ··~Race
1,,... .
/
.. Foot marks
off .....................................................................
Neck marks
Mole marks
.... Breast
mark·
Left arm mark
... Right arm marks
Left leg marks
Right leg ma1·k,;
Fine after prisoner at jail; Amount
to State$
..........................
Amount
to
ity $
. .. .......
Deputy
and
Jailor
Sheriff.
��_ec,lst
19·3 'y
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ot find in·
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�Arrest Warrant
Commonwealth of Virginia, } T 0 -W·t·
1
Rockingham County,
·
To .................. '.°:!'.1.e::..·.;
L ......................................................
, a Constable of said County:
Whereas, ........... "1............. ~:,.-:::
...................................................... of the said County, has this day made comon oath before me, ............. "'":'
.•....C..•...J.~i,.t.t.e.e.
.................................
a Justice of the said
plaint and information
County,
that ..........
L.OX!?-.:i.~
...:~r..i ht ............................................................................ of the said County,
on the ...J.-.:-,r.:dayof. ..
. . . . . ~i lli ......
T.
-Y·· ....................
, 19, ..,in the said County, did.
.1.~r.i.1-.~
..f ...J,J .................. .
e.l..+.9-1
i. C?.Ll
~ l.Y.. Jf~.lJ ....,~11.9
...1:~1:-~•~-~;t;·
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....9e:-.r:tJ~J;'
..................................
.
...... .. ........ .... .......o......Y.~.r.
.'?.i.r1i.~ .-............................................................................................................................
These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth
of Virginia, to command you forthwith
.
to appre-
hend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said ............................... .
.................................................... ...l..........t'";....~,...:i.·ht.~... ............................ .........................................................
.
to answer the said complaint and to be further dealt with according to law.
And you are required to sum-
mon ...........................................................................................................................................................................
to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth,
on the examination touching the said offence.
Given under my hand and seal this ..... ;.~.t.l :day of. . ....;r..f:l~
.......
~.--?.~.~
................, in the year
Service Press-170
.
19.a..$.,
�STATE OF VIRGINIA-COUNTY
OF ROCKINGHAM,
TO-WIT:
I,
..... , a Justice of the Peace in and for the County
of Rockingham, State of Virginia, do hereby certify that.
and
...........................
.................
have this day acknowledged themselves indebted to the Commonwealth
. ...... as his suret
of Virginia in the sum of
...... .Dollars ( $ .................... ) to. be made and levied of their goods and chattels, upon this condition:
That the said .................................
........ shall appear before the undersigned or the
.
Circuit Court of Rockingham County, on the .............. day of...
..................... , 193 .... , and not
leave hence without leave of the said Court, to answer the charge in this warrant, or to await the action of the
Grand Jury of the said County upon the within charge.
Given under my hand this, the .............. day of.
········ .. ·········•· ·······•····· ·····•····•·····) 193 ........ .
..............................
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1933
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lonza Knight
Subject
The topic of the resource
Felony
Murder
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with felony murder.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
CCR001_012_008
Carrier
Knight
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/b30a931bda097d0f24c4344aa7296d70.pdf
9110edd23e40dbc4ff2600748df9125b
PDF Text
Text
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGI NIA,
COUNTY 0 1!1 ROC KI NGHAM , to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said CoW1ty:
'l'he grand jurors i n a nd f or the body of said County
of Rockingham and now attending said Court at its April term,
1925, upon their oaths do present that Louis May, within one
year next _prior to the f i n ding of this indictment, in the
I
said CoW1ty of Rockingham, did unlawf ully manufacture, sell,
l
offer, keep, store and expose for sale, g iv e away, trans port,
d i spense, solicit, advertise
am
receive orders for ardent
spirits·, agai nst the peace a..nd dignity of t .r1e ComIOOnwealth
of Virgin ia.
The jurors aforesaid upon the ir oaths aforesaid do
f urther pr e sent that Louis May. within one year next prior
to the finding of this indictment, in t he said county of
Rockingham, did unlawf ully have in his possession ardent
spirits, agains t the peac e and dignity of the Commonwealth
of Virgi n ia.
And the jurors a f oresa id upo n thei r oaths aforesa id
do f urther pres ent that Louis May, within one year next prior
t o the findi ng of th is ind ictment, in the s aid county of RockQ
ingham, did unlawf ully receive ardent s_piri ts, aga i n st t he peace
and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virgi n ia.
This indict me nt is found on the testimony of
c. w.
Dove, a witness sworn in Court and se n t before the grand jury
to g ive evidence.
�Cornmom eal th
v. ) Indictm ent
Lou i s May
April term, 1925.
A True Bi;ll:
Forema n
D.
w.
Earman
Commo nwealth 's Attorne y
. ,,
�Arrest Warrant
COMMONW EAL TH OF VIRGINIA, } TO WIT :
R OCKINGHAM COUNTY,
To
Whereas,
21t,:
a5i{,,#
e tJi
,t;r
~t<--
a~
complaint ~ f o~mation on oath before me,
that
1,."k,,.._ ,o
'.;?~ ' ,
_ ~-
.
j:':f:
, a Constable of said County:
~
~"'7,6{
o'. the said County, has this day made
~L
a Justice of the said County,
192-1;.I, in the said County, did
'
----
-
These are therefore, in the name of the Commonw ealth of Virginia, to command you forthwith to apprehend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said.- -- - - -omplaint and to be further dealt with according to law. And you are required to summon - -- - - - - -- - - - - - -- - -- --- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - -- - to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonw ealth, on the examinatio n touching the said offence.
iZ
Given under my hand and seal this
,Jaday of-4,.='---"'~~ =~::,.,._- -.,-1.·n the year 19.Jd/.
- - - -~~- ¼4~~ ~~-=:_No.38
NIWS ·RlCORO CO . , HARRI SO NBURG , VA .
J. P. (Seal.)
�Comm onwea lth
} Arres t Warr ant
vs.
~
.....
Execut ed the within warra nt by arresting
and deliver ing the body of
-
........~ ~············ ····· ········ -
;{Jt
······
C ~ ~
b,tMe
sumby
and
,
Count
h9m
Rockin
of
Justice
a
monin g the within named w itnesses in person ,
this .(J P...... day of .
......... 19
f./-
�In the Name of the Commonw ealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County , Greeting:
You, are hereby comm,anded to summon ....
to appear bef ore the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham, County, at the Court
19 ..ott. V
.
House thereof, at 1 0 o'clock, a. m ., on the.... I'f-........ .....da,y of'.
'??/-/ . . . .
to testify and the truth to say in be half of the Commonwealth against..
.. . ~
................................ .
.
m,isdem,eanor •
who stands chargecl with
.11.nd this . ..... ~ . .......shall not omit u,nder the penalty of £ 1 00. .11.nd have then
and there t h is Writ.
Witness, J. F . BL.11.CKBUR.N', Clerk of' our said Court, at the Cou,rt House, the
1 9,7.,. ~ and in t h e 14... f-t h year of the Conunonwer.1,lth .
.day of'. . ..
.J
··7 ·/· . . . . .,
News-Record, Ha rr i&onburQ, Va.
. . . . . . . . . /3,,. . r. . . . . /.??.~0 J / . . ~ .................... , Clerk.
6
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�In the Name of the Common wealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:
Yo u a r e hereby com,nuincle d to sum,1non.
to appear before the Judge of' the Circuit Cou,rt of' Rockinghm n County, at the Court
Hou,se thereof, at 10 o'clock, a. m., on the.
···,;:g···?J. . .. .day of'. · ~ · · · · · · 192.. ,6 -
to testify and the t ruth to say in behalf' of' the Conunonwe alth before the Gnincl Jury
. ~ .....
··········~
who stands charged with and i dieted for a --fel,o-n:r,- niisdeniean or.
.........shall not omit under the penalty of' £100.
anrl there this Writ.
Witness, J . F. BL.il.CKBU RN, Clerk
/
........day of'. .............~d..
News~Record, Hanisonburg, Vo .
.... ,
.il.nd have then
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Louis May
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Indictment
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
Indictment
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1925
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box5-017
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
May
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/4084ab31ed383a013faf9d2e0608f4aa.pdf
4e606c9ab62188f3e8c3558301c1291c
PDF Text
Text
COlfi!O~NlE.ALTI-I OF VIRGI NIA,
COUNTY OF ROCKI NGHAM, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The grand Jurors in and for the body of said county of
Rockingham and now attending said Court at its April term, 1928,
upon their oaths do; present that Loy Funkhouse r, within one year
next prior to the finding of this indic tn ent, in said county of
Rockingham , did .unlawfull y manufactu re, sell, offer, keep, store,
and expose for sale, give away, •transport , dispense, solicit, advertise and receive orders for ard·e.nt spirits, against the peace
and dignity of the Commonwealth .of Virginia.
The Jurors a f oresaid, upon t h eir oaths afcr esaid, do furt h er
present that Loy Funkhouser ~ within one year next prior to the finding of this indictmen t, in said county of Rockingham , did unlawfull y
have in his possessio n ardent spirits, against the peace and dignity
of the Commonw ealth of Virginia.
The Jurors aforesaid , upon t heir oaths aforesaid , do furth er
present that Loy Funkhouse r, within one year next prior to t he findi ng of t h is indictmen t, in said county of Rocki ngham, did unlawfully
receive ardent spirits,ag ainst the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Vir gi nia.
This indictmen t is found on the testimony of William Beaver
and Frank 1~'11.i tmer, witnesses sworn in Court and sent before t h e grand
Jury to give evidence.
�B. I.
Commonwealth
v l Indi ctme n t
Loy Funkh ouser
Misdem eanor
April term, 1928
I
A True Bill:
D. w. Earma n
Commonweal th's Attor ney
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OOlOIOBDALTll
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Jlisdemean~r (Pro.)
LOY PUimlOUSER
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Loy Funkhouser
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Indictment
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
Indictment
posession
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1928
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box7-029
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Funkhouser
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/829f38f9f17aac83207f8b378e975085.pdf
b9a87611e36ade0516d474c910a46116
PDF Text
Text
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The grand Jurors in and for the body of said county
of Rockingham and now attending said Court at its October term,
1927, upon their oaths do present that Arthur Lay, within one
year next prior to the finding of this indictment, in the said
county of Rockingham, did unlawfully have in his possession a
still, still cap, worm, tub, fermenter, and other appliances
'
connected with and used
in the operation of a still, without
having th~
same
registered as requi~d by iaw, against the
..
peace and dignity of t he Commonwealth of Virginia.
~
I
This . intictment is found on the testimony of J. L. Dirting and
w.
E. Thurber, witnesses sworn in Court and sent before
t he grand Jury to give evidence.
'I
.
rI
�,__--- -
•
Possession of still
Commonwealth
v) Indiotment
Arthur Lay
ltt:s.de.me a.nor
October term, 1927.
I
A Tr.ue
Bill:
~Q_Fgpr=
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D. w. Earman
Commonwealth's Attorney
l
�VIRGINIA
/ / BE IT REMEMBERED THAT THIS D A Y ~ - -
v:-1-P lo)~
came before me,
"E:,...--'~,1,..,.:;.i..e.w~:.,. ..ll!M','e-P.. G-~:ee----r"8
i.----Q.i---,1;',,t'fl'On,~Virginia, and severally and
respectively acknowledged
snm of
5o tJ
z;
Commonwealth of Virginia in the
oo
:..-----dollars, tltlcr:1c?itL~i~-,rlt:-eo~-'alt',Mth:hee-:-,~attittd=,,,,,,,,.......___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
io.-tae -,um of_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _,'4k,'8~1imct:r:rss;,:"ial!ln:tidHthhe-e-BBlftatti:eL________ ___ _ _ _ __ __ _
itr--tt-bh:ee-i;s~Yfil:tRHeii:f=== ======:::::=:!i-:::iel.~U~l"IZ;!@~, to be levied of their respective goods and chattels,
lands and tenements for the use of the Commonwealth rendered, at the same time waiving their
Homestead Exemption as to this obligation, and all daim or right to discharge any liability arising
to the Commonwealth under this reconizance with coupons detached from the bonds of this state;
shall not depart therefrom without leave of said court, then this reconizance shall be void, otherwise to remain in full force and virtue.
Sealed with the following seals and dated thi.s
/
f
a,/
day o~fJf
U!{l;L.,_,- ;;i., _
,,,;J__
---
TAKEN AND ACKNOWLEDG ED before me
-rk
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.
(SEAL.)
c/)-:a--<---7 (SEAL.)
/9'
- - - -i+ - - - - - - - day of
- ~
- --=-----,<'-- ----19?,,
The foregoing reconizance is certified to the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Rockingham
Connty, Virginia.
p
:M?tytn, Town"¢ Elkton, Virgin;
·,
/
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�Commonwealth of Virginia-City, County o f ~ ~ o - w i t :
To the Prohibition Inspectors, Sheriffs, Sergeants, and all Police Officers and Constables of the State of
Virginia-Greeting:
::::y:~7:::;:~:~:~:~
:; .;: ol:~ :~: ,~-
Name of Magistra te
of the said ~c
oun t y
(a) That Ardent S~s
in a
certai~
V T itl e
that he verily believes, that in the said ~coun t y and State:
A
ar:_~
/4
7
unlawfully manufactured, sold, kept, stor
possessed, held, used and concealed
~ g ~;;;:;;;;;~~~-;;;;;;;;-;;:;----__--• ------------------------------
by one .............................................................................. ...........................................................................................................
G ive a
(b) A still, still cap, worm, t ubs, fermenters a
other substances, capable of being used,
o ot
1
e , if name un k n own . say, "Whose n ame is to the informant unk n o wn n
er appliances connected with such still and used, and mash and
the manufacture of Ardent Spirits, are unlawfully in the pos-
session of, and unlawfully used by one ·····························-·············•········-······-···································- ··-······•···············-···········
Give n ame, if n ame u n k nown , say •' Whose nam e is t o the informa nt u n k n ow n '
in a certain
Here d escrib e place as in (a} above
( c) Ardent Spirits are being unlawfully kept, held, stored, concealed, used, sold, and unlawfully transported in certain baggage or a certain vehicle, to-wit: a certain
H e r e describe veh icle, au to , w agon, car r iage, buggy , boat, baggage or what n ot
by one ............... ···-·····························--················ _...................................................................................................................
H ere g ive name , or describe as in [a ] a b ove
And there being reasonable cause for such belief:
THESE ARE, THEREFORE, IN THE NAME OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, to command you,
with all necessary and proper speed and assistance, to search the house, place, baggage, boat or vehicle herein designated, either in day or night, and seize such ardent spirits and their containers and other things apparently possesd or used in violation of law, and bring the same and ths person or persons, in whose possession they are found,
and also any person resisting, impeding, obstructing, or in any . manner hindering or delaying you in the execution
of this warrant before me, or some other officer having jurisdiction of the case, to be disposed of and dealt with
according to law; and make return of this warrant showing all acts and things done thereunder, with a particular
statement and sufficient description of the things seized and the name of the person in whose possession found, if
any, and if not found in the possession of any one, so state in your return, and post a true copy of this warrant and
the return thereof, as required by faw.
!~...day of..~
Given under my hand and seal this....
·-··•···• 192./ .......
-------~
-~
------ - -• --•----- (SEAL)
Title of Mag istrate
/
�DIRECTIONS
I.
If only Ard e nt Spirits and containers be seized,
the Magistrate shall fix a time not less than 10
np·r more than 30 days from . the date of return,
for the hearing of said return. If no claimant
appear, the Ardent Spirits and articles are to be
forfeited to Commonwealth. Any person claiming any of same must file a written claim stating
particularly the character and extent of his inte res t therein , whereupon the Magistrate shall
certify the warrant, written claim and articles
claimed, to th e Circuit or Corporati-on Court, as
the case may be, for determin~on, and declare
the unc:laime d articles forfe'fte'l:f.
2. If still, still cap, worm, tubs, heater. fermenters,
or any appliance connected with a still and used,
or mash or other substance capable of being used, in the manufacture oJ~A,-rdent Spirits, be
seized, the m as h (after taking·· a sample) shall be
d es troyed, and th e facts and articles seized repo-rted to the Prohibition Commissi~ner and
(A copy of this
Commonwealth's Attor~; y.
warrant and proper return will be a sufficient
notice and report.) Ardent Spirits and containers disposed of as in No. 1 above.
3. If Ardent Spirits are b eing transported in an au-
tomobile, boat, wagon, buggy, or other vehicle ,
the Ardent Spirits and containers shall be preserved and th e vehicle shall be <lelivered to the
Se rgeant of the City, the facts reported to the
Prohibition Commissi~ner and Commonwealth's
Attorney and Arde nt Spirits and containers disposed of as provided in No. 1 above. (A copy of
this warrant and proper return will be a sufficient report.)
,.("!,,!
(.'1,}~·•'
- - -··.,.·~·
WARRANT TO SEARCH FOR ARDENT
SPIRITS, ETC.
Other than above stated the following are witnesses.:
within
Here state house. room, piece
and by seizi g the following described Ardent
Spirits and other things therein found (and arresting the above named person found in possession
thereof) and by posting a true copy of this warrant
and the return he reon on the _____________________ _
Here say place, house. room, boat,
auto or Baggage, or as cas~ may be
This matter set for hearing on the ________ day
of ----------------------, 192 ____ .
No claim of ownership or interest i-n any of. the
said things seized having been filed herein in compliance with the law, the same are hereby adjudged
a nd declared confiscated and forfeited to the Commo nwealth.
Given under my hand this ________________ day
as front door of house, door of room or premises
Description of Ardent Spirits and other things
sei,ed / ~
st,;_££ _____________ _
J:-~_ _ _ _:--~::--:----------:
~a!:-1:~---------------:
_________,.; ------------------------------------
o f---------------------, 192 ____ _
Title of Magistrate
Written claim of ownership or interest having
been filed to certain of the said things herein seize d, this warrant, the said claim and the things in
the claim particularly described, are hereby certified to the ________________ Court of this _________ _
for determination, and the said things uncl aimed
are h ereby adjudged and declared confiscated
a nd forfeited to the Commonwealth.
Given under my hand this __ _________ ____ day
of ---- -- ----------------, 192 ____ .
Title of Magistrate
4. A copy of this warrant and the return thereon
must be posted at the front door of the house, or
on the door of the room, ·o r on the premises at
the place the Arde nt Spirits may be found.
Given under my hand this __
See Sections 21 1-2, 22, 23, 23 1-2, 57 and 57 1-2,
Acts of Assembly, 1918, Page 578.
The following named officers- and persons assisted me in the execution of this warrant:
jfW
day of
~~~~~~~~~----
NOTE. -Unless warrant issued for Ardent Spirits
being t.ransported in v ehicle, boat or baggage, it is
t o be returned to the jurisdiction from which issued. If issued for Ardent Spirits so transported, it
can be executed in any part of th e State, and returned to any justice in any ooun ty or city throug h
which they are carried.
�Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:
You are hereby commanded to summon .. .. .. ...... .. .... ...... .. ......... ...... .. ..... ... ..
J. L . Dirt i ng and. W. E .
'.I::i"l~l:>€3:t' . ........... .
to appear before the fudge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Court House
thereof, at JO o'clock, a. m., on the ... . .1.7th..... . day of
October,
to testify and the trutb to say in behalf of the Commonwealth
. .. .. . .. ... .. .. .. ... . ... Yf3 . . A:rt4ur .1ay.. . .
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony
And this .
.
.t.4~Y
... . shall
19 2,7
before the
GRAND
JURY
.. ..............
misdemeanor.
not omit under tbe penalty of £100.
And have then
and there this Writ.
Witness , f. F. BLACKBURN, Clerk of our said Court, at the Court House , the. 11th
da y of
. ~C.~ Cl~.~.r
P&L PRESS, Ha"iionburg,
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lucy Lawson and Eugene Shifflett
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Guilty
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
guilty
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1927
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box6-035
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Lawson
Shifflett
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_019_053.pdf
b49e831fb1dffbe9c800cdfbd4317daa
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lucy Ward
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1888
Subject
The topic of the resource
Theft
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with stealing.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sydney Ring
Megan Pullen
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Criminal
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr002_019_053
Ward
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_003_069.pdf
13f52a417f6f0832155ce42cea396d46
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Luke Rice
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1814
Subject
The topic of the resource
Assault and Battery
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with assault and battery. Not guilty
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Annette Guild
Sydney Ring
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Criminal
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr002_003_069
Joseph
Rice
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/8fca32698f47989284a092effbaf7756.pdf
d8539a3da52f60537907ab1a85cd86e3
PDF Text
Text
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COMMONWEALTH
Indictment
vs.
XJJY~fty .
For Misdemeanor
A TRUE BILL
Foreman
,..
.J
Harry~ . St ric k l e r
C0!'!L"":l0nwea l th ' s At t orney .
�Commonwealth of Virginia,
County of Rockingham, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia , in and for the
body of the County of Rockingh am, and now attendin g the Circuit
a t _i t O~ t ob e r te r m 1 91 9
Court of said county J UP
N THEIR OATHS PRESE~T, that L t y B e
\''i t hin one ye ar next pr i or t o t he f i nd i ng of t hi s indictme nt , i n
sa i d c ount y , di d unl aY1 f ul l y ma nu f a cture , se ll , o ffer , kee p , store
--
an d e. pose f or sa l e , gi ve away tra nsport , d i s pe nse , s olicit , adve r t i s e and r e ce i ve or de r s f or a r dent sp irits ,
against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia .
AND THE JURORS AFORESAID, UPON THEIR OATHS AFORESAID, DO
FURTHER PRESENT, that Lu rty Ba r e ~ i th i n on. yea r ne xt pr i or t o the f ' ~d i ng
of th i s i n dictme nt , i n sa i d ount y , d i d unl awfully give ar dent sp irits t o
one loyd _unne r , a mi nor un de r the age o f t enty one ye nrs , a ai~st the
peace a n d di gn i t y of the commonwea l t h of Vi r gi n i a .
A"ID THE JURORS AFOP.F.SA I D, U?Ol' T ":. I R O TES FORE SA I D, DO FURTHER
p..:;_~sE NT , t a t Lur ty Bare , wi t h i n one ye a r ne xt pr i or t o the f i nd i n · of
t h i s i n di ctment , i n sa i d aunty , di d. unle.~fu lly g ive a rdent s p irit s t o
one Hoy :Wi l l er , a mi no r under the oge of t wenty one yea r s ,
witnesse s sworn in Court and sentf before the Grand Jury to give /
evidence .
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CIRCUIT COURT, ROCKINGHAM CO., VA.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lurty Bare
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box1-049
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Bare
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/9477490e394f02fb6e4257f6aaff79e5.pdf
45c65922b40d16b3611da6020046d40e
PDF Text
Text
\.
~.ugus t
termt l919 .
:E pp Law v i ol at i on .
COMM ONWE ALTH
vs.
Indictm ent
.L:ur..t.Y.. .B~.r.e..•....................................................
£onit:e!ml¥D
For Misdem eanor
~ A TRUE BILL
~
---------
·
(I!
18~ ~ 1
-~-············· ····- ········-···· ········•···--····· ····
Foreman
I
Ha r r y ~ . Strick l er
c ommonwe l ath's Atty .
�Commonwealth of Virginiat
County of Rockingham, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County :
The jurors of the Commo nwealth of Virgin ia, in and for the
body of the County of Rockin gham, and now attend ing the Circu
it
Court of said county ~ P<hl 8
that LUrty H re
T~ s&
AAfs-°r~ - ,
wi t h i n one ye a r next pri or to the f i n d i ng of th i s indic tment ,
i n sa i d c oun t y , d i d unla~ fu l y rnanuf act ure , se l l , off er , keep ,
s ore and expose f or s a l e , gi ve a rey , tran sport , d i spense , solic it
,
a dv e r t i se
n d receiv e or de r s
or ardent s p irits ,
again st the peace and digni ty of the Commonwealth of Virgin ia.
AND THE JURORS AFORESAID, UPON THEIR OATHS AFORESAID, DO
FURTHER PRESENT, that
again st the peace and dignit y of the Commonwealth of Virgin ia.
witne sses sworn in Court and sent before the Grand Jury to give
eviden ce.
,
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lurty Bare
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box1-050
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Bare
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/7f84cf37bfab556d93718ad937069fbc.pdf
d85814edd6f8abe2ccb420bbd937bc37
PDF Text
Text
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The grand jurors in and for the body of said
County of Rockingh am, and now attendin g said court at
its April term, 1931, upon their oaths do present that
Lurty Bare, on or about January 24, 1931, in said County,
did unlawfu lly transpo rt and have in his possessi on about
one pint of ardent spirits against the peaoe and dignity
of the Commonwealth of Virginia .
This indictme nt is found on the testimon y of
B. O. Cooper, A. S. Runion, and Jesse Moyers, witnesse s
sworn in court and sent before the grand jury to give
evidence .
J
C(
-tf' £1//z, t"trn
B o rJ°f1
VI..,
�POSS . & TRANS. A. S.
COMMONWEALTH
V
LURTY BARE
~
MISDEMEANOR
A True Bill
/
Ea.rm.an,
Commonwealth's Attorney
D. W.
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Misdemeanor
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lurty Bare
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Guilty
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
guilty
posession of ardent spirits-one pint
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1930
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box9-017
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Bare
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_007_228-commonwealth-v-lurty-houchens.pdf
75b2a3beb201ddba7804597b200cd59e
PDF Text
Text
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Mignonette
Dresges
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$16.50
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Don· t forg<.'tthe
20%
Reduction on Every
Ladies'
Sui·
in our store
'J'I b ofrcr· dp1\ n·t .1pJd~ In~"'··
11t.·L·1.
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Every Suit in thP Stor
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'ARTHUR
STEELE
LEA
HANGS
Hl~fSELF
KNB
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WAS TOUND WJUI lJTil l <TIIJCT 11~.'.L
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IiStRUC'!lCi_. liio. __
The Coun
of the peracn
hie i.,,1lt
inotructe
t e
Jury that
to
1m
caution,
oroat~a
&oquittal
tXclueion
~
suepicion
of ~ilt.
tbe !•ct
or every reasonftble
doubt,
and eapecially
1 • &lwaye to 'b1!!a.t:'ted upon
It 1• not 1uff1o1ent
unless
nec«'ll(U'Y to ests.b,iab
b•yond a reasonebl•
a-:.g,et.ial eTid.er.ce alo:1:e, wl ich
evidence
to warre.nt tr.e conviction
t1.ceueed of erUlle every fact
muot be prov•d
the utotoat
_
of guilt
hypothesia
th•refor•
The aocueed
that
,rt
:h
the
1& entitl~d
ia proved to the actual
or hie tnnoctnce.
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Th• jury
•
are flll
a Whal•·
nro furth~r
t.!".e iestruction~
1notruote4
that
th•
inotructione
o· ·l~ Cou~t an~ auet be cGna!tere~
Q:l'fen
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IJIS'.:'it'JOTIOJ: !lo.
Ooaunonwa&J.thta provo
a onvio t the
auy
or ciroums.t~a.~
o,
1
roasona~le doubt
com!ot
the ~•~uee~
benefit
ct euoh dout
!l.eoess ry to
end 11' tho;, !ir,vo
.;..nyr~ot or olroas;.at~~oe
118
e.fo~ssaid
alld flm
the7 &ra bo=
•eaen
rs
to
,o glvo ~im t.ce
hi.al not guilt,-.
IJ,3r:;ucr1oar.o.
---
not
m,,s:,
a d.,root fro
euoh eutuel.
<Ire c~rlce
subatcnt1a1
in t.liti.t oondition
~oubt ~• l•
th t they cannot
a 7 th!>t they feel an nbi in
ot tno !;\tilt
of the
e:!'endo:it,
l!lSiRt'O:'IOl
'!he ~ur,- sro
cotlv•.
~
oorui!lct,
with other feats.
ao:ueed,
ttic ..
!i!!Q
ttr~=-=-at
n~ ~re :!"J.11;;c tlui'ted
--ill all
pl~o•,
er euoh of theae
boyond re son•ble
the mind• o! the Jurors
tbrt
ai;.p
but
·• 1lMr&04 1n tbe 1na1ctm~t.
tho tbe,
11' •~7. =et
v11
conv1ot1on
inst tUCted th!.t
evl!enoa.
ciro.,.,st•noi~l
Ila.
aonJoot..re,
or grow:.d..esa
ell
doubt,
o a,,es wl:en the pr l i' is
eana, opt.or,unit7,
!c1ota a.a ms;; be prcvod
concur 1n pelntir.;
na the guilty
ngsnt.
out the
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•
tho Jurs that before they ec;.n oanv1ot tha
The 00!l!'t iostruo~a
eoc.ised
tht;;
,:,:st
!roe the evidenoe
b4 satletiol
of ~ oUenoo ae oh9r£94 in ,he 1:ldiotme~
It is not elll'fiol,ont
doubt.
probable
that
on2.y, or a,oro probable
of PNbaa111,7
rt~eon~ble
a conviction,
guilt
•v•ry
but the evidence
o.e ,o produee a moral
to tho exclusion
Of••••~
ioubt.
peraoo ohnrgod with orimo to be innooont
frtau:nptlon
h19 guilt
tlr.J.n !'lie irt.10011r_~•.
mer.i;; w1•• eathoriaa
ot the prloonor's
beyond Elll roeeoi:ablo
th17 SL. ~i ••line
cust be o! euch a oh~re.oter an! ttnienoy
oorta!nty
thllt he 1a :u:11ty
or 1m,ooer.ce £<>es 1th ti:•
at~;;• thoroof;
and
doubt
Ul.)ontbe r.101. onse or ea tc
tt
ohar!!'9 a do 11g1.-1nst bu,
t~
g1 ve
oo,
·_'111
l ty.
tho prisoner
h~b
:;rusod
llt
is aat:,;!J..
.1
-1ea ,it
aft&r hnvlng ht!!.rd -ll the OTidenoe,
if,
tJ-,o Ju.ry llaTa " reasonable
until
or tho i;llilt
of tho
,, t<,ct • sential
ill
tha
in4io!i:,
to tho proo:r: of
.t. it 1~
the bonaf1 t of tho loubt
oc\Ul&d
1:
e1r dut7
.ru fini
him
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IliSTii;,'CTIO!I !lo •.___
~h• court 1natl'Ucts
the
_
~
,u.ry th
upoll tho tr1ol
•
o •• if
o re!I.DonW>le:iaubt of any-f ot ••••••'•P
•
;ho ei,1lt
or l ok of ev1donoe,
Gild Lb• !ury m:u,t aoquit
The Cou.--t 1nJ1t:ucts
071dono• 1n the cese,
such doubt
,l,ii
nt be r lsed
10 dolltsive,
_
the jtU"J' that
t~•r•
1f. u on th
• olo
ia m:7 r1saoll!lblo lz7poth••1• oo::-
with the innocence of tha ao~uaod th t tb17
h1t1 001. tu!lt7,
18
the acouacd.
IllSl:RUOTIOll lo •.__
a1etent
"I".
t.o..w.
o~ tho l!Ccuaed aa charged in tho 1ndtctm
by the ov1donoe,
or
ll:Ullt
f1n
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•
tho ,u:.1 tlult
':'l:e Cc-J.rl 1nstruots
c..ae b7 ,ury the law ocntaz:,;letea
conclusion
ia th
individual
a verdict
restir.g
thst
of cUilt
before
~1lt
hie
own llliJ1
guilty.
tsin
, it
ny 1nd1vidual
and
should realize
~•~b•r
.-1th l11a :tollow Jurora.
1!t
should ontortt.in
&a
ta eet forth
sk, •'Y
1>10 :>£1
tha bolano•
o:t
of
after
~rui &:tter
such re•sonin certtin
c:a.ae, 1 t !.a his: '1-u:"7net tc au.r:
ic.2t!"".lct10?:a tn this
mrn oonrt::t1one
doubt
or tho jury,
the ev~ionoe in ;h• e.se
all
ot the juy
er
enter•
d.i.f.:!:erett conviot.1.ou1.
IESTR'JC?Iull lfo.
?he Court l.n.struoto
m-.irder, the evidence
here,
Jury,
:teel the responsibility
boforo ho con oo!lllent to s verdict
el:le =.aubt ot Cle d.1t1rd.a..at'a
hie
36oll
consen!: to
must be oonv1:1ced bo7oll1i & rol>aonaole
h~v1ng duJ.; considered.
consuj_t~t10n
o~n be h...i..
under bie oath,
Esob Juror should
guilt
~herefor
of twelve oinda
beyond a re~so11ab!o d<mbt o:t
upon Mm as a mCJJJboror the
tho defemMt'&
ot~er
oon•lotion
b&foro he en,
of guilty.
o~ a c:-1!:'.in&l
u_,on ~l:e trial
th1 oonourron;e
Juror cruet bo aatiD:titd
the de!endant'a
_
---
tno Jury t®t
1s wholly
•
when, upon~
01rou·netant1•11,
the ebeenoo of uU .,..id1no1 of en inducing
to eo=t
the o:t!enoe oh.>rged, a:tforda of 1teelf
tiou of 1..n.nocence.
ohur 0 e of
ea is the csae
cause or ~otive
a etrons
prdauzp-
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111S!RU~~IOlllfo,
•
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the Jlll'y that
The Court 1netruote
in the apµlioation
oirow:istan01a1
evidono• to th• d•t•rm1n~t1on
ntmogt caution
nnd v1g1l11201
evidene9
still
of the oase the
,hov.11 b& usod,
a,a11111•
.,g all
alwa;ya 1neu.f!1c1ont Whore,
such evider.oe 18
to be true
teruls to prove. o~m• other reasonable
bt true,
fa~ it 1" t • ~otnol
of
which ~J,e
hy;:otheeia ~4y
exclusion~
ev•r,
reascmablo
tntb.
hn,otheaes
ia true,
o: eatabltahea
•v1ionoe in tbis
oome finite
•"•h mollllt aan.1ot
in :tnvor of one h,pot~ee1a,
however ;;rea~ th• probability
Arni the Court !urthor
onlr
probab111~y
eoo=t
to _.roof
muy bo,
1astruoto
ouee whioh tends
the jury tnnt n11 of the
to ootnbliah
thst
tho nocuued
1a ;,u1lty
of the oricio With ~hich ho 18 ohar.;od is oire.:mat11nt1,,1
and not po.,1t1vc ortdeno•.
Therefore.
e.ltLou15h tLe ~u 1'J me:, believe
1n t1
c~9e t!mt ti: re la a ntrong probability
g,itlty
of the otfsr.,:,o chnrgod 1a tho 1~11obent,
the w!>~l• ovH.~:we,
the:•
:a.,nslate:rt
1=00:enoe,
ud
W1th. -!s
:1:1s la true
the prObab111t1ee
of his innocence,
from tle
avid ooc-e
t~&t the ~ccused
s-.:11~. !f u~on
1a 11::7~ther ree.son~l>lc hy_.o~heeia
the7
C¼.a.la! t!..n.! tb
&c::used pilty.
a.ltl:ouih it m;,y Op.Peer !roa ~e oYidur:e& t~t
of hia gutlt
11r1 tr•r.tar
than the prol»lll.11t1es
is
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•
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•
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I:TSTl\UC'l'IOl,
l:o.
The l~w pre•W"lc~ the priaoner
eh.~r£~ a1lPC~d Bi&ina·
ihe burden
rests
acou1ei!
beyolid all
him ~ill
to be alwf\Y& innocent
he 1D prOTed to be aull~y,
Q~d
upon the Co?n:Mo11wealthto _prove th~ ~uilt
doubt.
reaeonabl~
or teken by l.lllpliontion
~ainet
li~othitt;-
ouf:ice,
Yill
nor ie it enou~h th~t
to be prturu!!.t-d
is
-r a
amt 1r. "C:t! trial
or opeculation
by conjecture
he may be
t.he jury m:et be eotio:!'ied
evid~~ee
beyond a reaeonnble
iUilty
Tl:e pr11one~
1• ~r~•l,,i,::!eGto be innocent
to prove
by
the
doubt.
until
and the onue ie upon the Co,u~onwealth to prove hi•
not up.o:: the :-prieoner
of
caee,
civil
oup])oeed to be 11Uilty, bl.It
thot he!•
the
of
Uo mer• preponderanc•
hill.
&4
1be ••iae~o•
of the
proven ~uilty,
Md
~1lt,
hie. inr.Ctoence.
n;sTRUCT .!Cl! r.'o. --~~e
Jury are f'urthe~
!netrueted
mua~ alweya te scar.ned with ~r•a~
a ?erdict
of iU1lty,
eap~aially
Wlioh iney Oe d.eat.h,
a
char1tcter
Wld
doubt,
circume~a.ntial
caution,
of
kn
u
.,1enoy as to produce
o. the ~ilt
Ol"\dunless
t.ha1. e&eh and every
th• jury
circuDlatan.ce
offence,
then
tl;e
proved
believe
acouaed ahoul~ be acql.ttet.
&rf.'!
ot
of- t1uoh
o.n' unprojudiced
ao•uee4 beyond all
of tr~
the oceu.eed hae bP•e made out and eatabliehed.
doubt,
the ptnalty
1n a t•i:-
eaeent1al
~T11ence
Md can never jua~ify
unleaiis 1.1:.e c1rcumut.ano.fla
Dir'.d • ~•raJ. con,iotion
reasonable
that
from the evid•nce
to the conviction
of
beyond a rcaaonabl-
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�flll;TRU<l'l'l'> J,o__
'l'he J1u,7 ore instructed
_
that
r,here the proaeoution
oirOUJ!l'l°t~nti&l ovidonoe ulone for a oonviction,tho
be utiafiod
beyono a r••~•n•blo
con. ltted
b7 eon.eone,in
doubt thst
but
Lhoy JCUet al,:o
oona1etant
with
,11Lb ony othor
aat1efeotion
of the
ie inooneietent
ln order
ov1donoe,
th•t
the orke
that
ell
rational
lf there
the f•cta
ooncluaion
jury by t.he pre1•ondcr,.nco
the oiro=tenooe
gu.ilt,thiB
cm:t
tb, n that
feet
the inference
the •~ietence
of legal
of inculpstcry
iJ1courpot1ble .-..th the innocence
the defendant
pro'Yed to the
is eufficient
to
the aofendent.
e,dlL fron c1roumetcnt1ul
f&ote ~uot be oboolutoly
of the scouted
<q>onar;y r~t1Chel
thoor.,,erd
1nowpsble of OXJ>lhDJltionupon .-.ny other
hypothesis
thon that
of hie guilt.
1uea the aot,
of &Vidence whiob
doubL,IU'.ld the jury should aoquit
to Juut1fy
bbe been
are cuoh •• to 1:e 1n-
ie , ny one elnt"l•
with tho defendant••
r~ico a raaoonoble
Jury lllU0t
the de1"e1..d11nt
'e haTi.r
bo eaiicf1od
18 tho gull ty 'l'•rson.
UJJon
rrA1nnorand form •e oh<J<tod in the indiot'™'nt:
ond then tooy muet not only be aati&fied
proY•d are co!h istent;
rel1ee
r""aor,..ble
1
�~.
I
•
•
•
•
•
..
t
...
r •
-
-
�L"llltruution
llllrdor
tho
{irat
any
la diatl1,gu1~b.ed
do!?rOll 'l!ld murder
u, ;er
which
.eU"ftt$d
"her wiltul.
murder
in
~r.o u•cond
Uo.
b7 poidOn.
dellbor<1tft
~ho ··1rst
de11r--ee.
lu
degTeO;
mel'<ler J.,
b.~ tho law into
tba ~ooond degrfte.
lyiz.;,
in wgit.
11urde1•
atorvl,
-. or
and Pr•1t:11d.itatad rir:.rde-r, is
all
o,hor
murder
lij murder
ln
�•
•
�•
•
':'t.e Court !urtbtr
•
lcllllne
malice
la 11 "ul.,
in11,rooi.m
dallb~r,.te,
J'1.r;7tha~ wber.e\'"er tho
~n1 rremedlto~•O.
'11....r
!roa .....
~~•
'act.
•
the law infer~
�•
•
•
�•
••
DTSTRJJ
•
ZTery
1.r. tt.e eye: o!
:aa:i
tu
law 11 t::.c.oc:ett
..-~111y; ..,~ not otily 11 • 1e burden
obar.ed
•"apie!on
=,. ■ t
ta,
bt11!'ore tttt
th,t
haT1nQ oQlioittf'd
w aa:1atied
otl.er
b• p OTed tc
r:ot a:itr!o!ent,
aN
pr11oner
C>'f
1■
o! pr0Tin11 tl.., cu1lt
with crit>e on tht> Com.~onw•~lth, but to nrrant
t1on h.!1 cuilt
■ t.&•ed
t.:.nt-11l.e
tlcat
rational
she r,cta
llJTRlJ
• exc!~•1on
1n otlier
jury
th~
wox,,
ca.n convic'\.,
are r~eb u
:1ox Jio._
tl:an
of " per,on
• conT1c-
o!' eTery
th~ rule
rea■ o::a't:le
••• oft~n
1.1"..tymuet 'o11:■ n•ie•
•Y .nu•
lao
to 'be !neo,,11e<•nt
•Hh
crime c~.ar•ed,
concl111!on,
•
~
prOTed
butt
"11et be 1~ cuilt)'
•
�..
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
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,
•
Insu,,otion
1:0.
honloide
:!Very unlinrful
the u.e,na by 11hluh it
..,.,.,,,
eon J ar1 etratod
Jt
'W8.S
ild
f;1QQOtlj:llehed f.ln1 OD wt: 1t
l t ,,1 h
v:9a 1.Wu• w! th a daadl:.,· wa JOD.
doat.'!l or aeriou.8
If do1w in the
r.ar.elaughter.
!'ul
Oo,Uly
n.lioe
~
or uo,.
or
b: co.,ne
bl'r:r., •ml ifl":.h :alict,
1, te don
ln
~he o=.lasi.on
by • l!lOena n<>t likely
;;o c,aue~ lBBtb. or l>••at bol11,. ha:m,
the ror-
·.o :,1n·se
lit'll;:
!.t 1-, niu.rder.
on al>f!'iui•nt
or J.n tn'J heat. of mutnal oot'!Ula't. t,
It
t'lll"
I! .,h~ .i!ot
heat of • oud4en r-••HiOn aridin~
soi not felonious,
,ea:i:al.s '4tb ter.
t:urder
and wt.t-+-r.er u. oe ona or \he ot ho: dei:end.s upon
.an..ila ?'h:er.
i:rovoJation.
IIIU4t be •i-ther
la vol\:.L-:ar;r
or an unls-..
en;t
not intonded
1~ 1a l,:,volunt•r;
�,, •
•
•
•
�I
• •
•
••
'
•
I0
Ill5'fflUC?IOli llt'.
•
The court
~red!b111t~
infl1-ructa
tl.e
.· ••••a.•n4
oft,,
to be gl'te_n to 1.~• i:eet!.:ot,:I'
auth"l'iaed
th•7
to er,., Ider
ha.,. an7: their
teoper,foellnc,or
jury
thflr
:J,a.t
ln detorcinint;
41Nerer,t
intere,
t in tl':.e reeul.L
any ha
other
en tl·e trial:ar.4
tc t~-• ta,.11tony
owr.,;tencea
tta
•l'Jle•rin,;
of ~t• different
;urorfl
thinll: th•7
U.e wt!fl,t
are antt.:ed
they are
of tte
c•••• if
daaeanor
cf lr.fcr.,,.ucn:
wlt,eaaep
of th•
ocncen.od:
been etown;their
the! r ,..,.n.,
Ju4r.••
wltn1seee
to the p:rtleo
teet If yinl!: the\ r 1r,telltr•~••:
oirc=trnoee
tho
of tl,6
rel•tlcr.Bhlp
bie1,if
th11t the:; are
their
while
an4 all
to g1-.o a11oh ore41t
•• lll1dor all
lo.
the olr-
�"
•
it
',' '·.
•
I
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•
::::;t
•
•
•
•
•
•
�••
••
ll16~'RUCTIO!I NO__
_
•
~h• court
•
nl1t1nnl
ot provinr
oonaid•r•tion
in hiE favor
hie
guilt
of the
oiro\l.t'leta.ncee
find
the
on th
roaeon.eblo
doubt.
J.nd the Court
thbt st~te
of ol)
in mob cc ,dition
the
t ..at they
to e morol
• presumption
1.'.he b11raen
If, tbereforo,upon
o
of the Witneo~oa
and
e~ietF
hlm not A'Uilty,
doubt is
ra1eee
-.oc:,om;eal\b
tectimony
whole coee,the
ouee ,ae in •ll
guilty
oe to the fl'Ullt
an 1,bidl.ng oonvict101
ob~rce,
&nd 1ute
beyona
nrul conGideration
,Jurors
Ln this
thot
doubt
~hLt G reQeonnble
porl&lm
jury
eho.m in ovidence,ther•
tho ju1·y A ron£om.ble
ehould
the
ecouaed •e -plea ot not
o~roe, the
o! innocence
the
inetruote
lo tba l!llllds ot
of l;he ncoueed, they
further
tolls
tb4
ot tho ~a~• which.t~~er
ev1donoe,leuvon
cannot
oertaint,
Jury
coc:.-
tho m1ndo of
eay tbtt
ed. t e truth
the:,, feel
ar
"the
�..
•
•!
'
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
�.,
Ina tr uo tlon
~val"!'" unlnwtu.l
1n tho seconi
dei,r•e.
cur.fer
rtrat
1.r.i. tti.e
en,S t.~ reilnae
no.
homlclde
u, elevate
In orior
deg-reo.
~te o!~enae
ta rresun::irth~el;r
1..":.ebuTdan
1rnrder
th~ often••
to
tl.tr-on t.htt Co=:on,,eelth.
~o a,u:as::awr.,;.e!".
toe 'ba :,\()n 1a on
~ho ;ri•Oner.
n rto.
Ina truoti
:;'O
~11Ur •.>, it
ooru,t!~ute
• wilful.
18 not neouan1t
·t
ob<>uld ex1.J1; =:r i:~rtioulor
or tte
ti.rut
4eed.
sat
lnten!lon
't!.r.a a'; "'te t.ltle
of ti·•
delibersto
th•t
lonstb
ond lrom,~itota<I
the intention
or :i.'llo prior
m:r ~o.JC in~o
killing~
to kill
to the doln,i
u.18 t•cae
!'or tl:e
o= an;- tll".'.e rrevio1U1ly.
Tn•truott on Ho.
•
~be court
~aa bean committei
t:JO
~r.e ua:a
tn~truo\o
the
~t~b a ~••il7
of sDah -.enpoo
C'ld •
Ju r7 chat
woation the law tmpltea
of his
eat.
;,al!ce
•a cma-t ba talrcm to ll.!6
t'".at. wtdct. he does or w'31oh 111 ttl19 Jll:r.ellato
aonoequenoe
wt.ere n ~ocioJ ,ie
or T.lliJOJ.JBar'i
i
�-w
•
•
�•
'
•
••
•
l,!ltlioe or llRtlioe aforethough~
~••tIB
8 wronet'ul
of doinc C180hief.
rt
w1thout
or excu.:i o.
~u.at
06:USe
is any forood design
~ct done illtent,onbllf
�•
•
,
•
I
---
�• •
'
'
!natrn11t1an
The Co•,rt 1natn.ota
onco if a .,.ssoo,.b'l.e
oft~
the
iJt ~q"'1t
'?
j11r1 tha~ :ii,on the trl.Bl
doubt o! 1<07 raot
ncettaed aa o~nyc~d in~
eTldenoe,o·r
llo
o 1r41c~~
laOZ of o~1d.onoe,~nol:J doubt
!l°'.~ IIOet:fUJ~.
o•eentia1
ot th••
to the g,..:.1t
~t be rateed b7 the
le Oeotst'Ye.un:!
the, Ju..ry
�..
•
•
�••
•
'
'rho Court
in•tructe
upon oirc""'6tent1•l
cueo,
the
tho Court
ereetaot
the
evidence
oh,.raoter
conrtetioo
"lone
where
for
the Oommonwealth relies
• oonViet ton,*"" in thie
tho jury
th&t
they rr.uet soon the OTidenoe
with
caution;
~r.d they
wUl
not bo we~runted
a
o& to produce
of the
uilt
ond u.npreJudioed
in fair
o:t the del'eJ:dcr.t
are lnstruoted
,.nd oon.'];)eto1·t and 1:1' 1 t 1e of such oh,,r.otor
•••rY
r.,,_eoru:.i>l• h;n,otl:eeis
l& ontiiled
to the
reePoooble
doubt.
q
th t c1rcumstB'2tial
other
o:t 1:11cb •
minds o moral
boyoz:d ell
1•8"1
gi11lty,1t
in :tindinr
c_roumet&noea -proved ue
lllS'.rRUO'rIOII ?10
The jury
that
tello
ct gnil i;y 11.nleeB the
verdict
jury
th"''
that
eYlde,.oe is
us to exclude
tl!e defendant
a~mo 1veight ue direot
is
teetimony
•
�..•'
••
•
•
•
•
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•
•
In•truction
rhe Court
tial
1t
lt
oLher
is
~
o! 30Ch
ld
J.a s <tiJ.•tjtior
a n=ber
we.lg_ht oC 'th..e evld')neo
t.o iletermtc•
the sto:od.
csndor
tbeir
on.
w►.113h
.,.,e~~;,o'ttieees
ia en1,itlo1
to the
tt'.e J1lr.:--tn9t
the
cr.a'1lb111i:;;
!"or t.ho jur:,.
of wi tna • •oa toe ti fy dir eo tl:,
ad
~-ri~ll~
"tt11J
be:lancai.
o 1.rnou1;1,, their
the
Jur:.
t~e
the
t'Alf1-;
Dl'lt.e1trani:,.e of 'the -.-l~n~aooo oro1
• and tt,oir
u.snr.ar of tea ·,1:.,1n
.epr•u,,nt
ar raro!lt
inta lligence.
1n~ l.)i rcuc.stiimoc
witr.e&tfeJ. 11r~ core
of
and 'tt*e
ttto jlll'y iu ,,ot bour.d to ro;r•rd
!roe
the ot h.or aurrowd
onl
• llo.
exclusively
orrosi te to es,,h other.
:ira:t
cease.
cootir::ony.
~be Coi.:rt 1r:.atructs
l • w 1• the t wher•
,ullt;·
ott'«1i:se-:.an-
tt.at
in 0rim.lnal
as to exolltie
I= rructi
wStr1eaaea
the jur;-
3!'.d ocm;ete:1t
dharaeter
as il r•~t
I
.!tlfltruat~
too defondsLlt
Vi,m tbet
~•m• weifht
further
la l•.;u:
evil•ne.,
!lo.
a·bpearing
wo:rth:- "',.. :re11t.
tHJd fror.1
all
on t,be t:rle1,
at?.-i to Fl Te ureitt
tnetruo Uon :to.
':'ha Cou.r1.. lr.~-truot.a
off'e.nce
.lhar~ed,
evidenco,or
evldenoe
order
fact
:te1t1Jwnob~e doul
"thqt 1a augge~te<i
the ~.id•nz4
the Jur;/
ltuelt.
:o lh•~t■in !t.
,::o ~a:rnnt
It c: ..._t
an raic:''.f\ll':'t.Al.
or f&cta n,,c.~u-tr;r
•
t, r.1U:ft.
by tho
11. cmat uot
that
b
a .resB011able
l"'ubt
bsi:J.ed ui:on the
,vid1'!1l.J6,
be arbltraey
OT
O.'r0!/1-.;1
out of
iloub\ wHhout
e Ut'tTlou.! a::4. e,u'b&t•ntlal
I'C. r::,at be
a d.ou'b't o!
.:'.or tile J11r;1 to bolleve
io:
;a'terisl
ll1•1 s
l!:
�•
•
•
•
•
�•
..•
vordiot
o-r uonviotlon,
.,r im:.eterisl
and not
~nd non ..eae8rltial
o1 tU"U mstanc ea.
1-ne Jour t instruots
ln conoiderlr~
ovl'i.enoe
'-.a
tl:a usae.
the
p.1usa.
thst
lft11't
tJ-,,
~n•l 1::.1,rtisl
•a::ib
A 11011bt 'to
snd It cust
4oubt,
lnvest1Retion
of nll
1.t te s:uch that
uere
the
tl-:e sa::te
.raTer tra.1;_.4.::~ic.na o! li.!e
os.oe• a :-eedonqtJ:..e end Tlr-u.a.or;t men ~c: IH'l&itat.e anrt
i-: la
guilty.
•
be a ro9aonable
in tbll CftJH, P.nd unless
ffanlj
n:.3-t,,.er or
or uonjoo!u:ro.1.
o! cioubt 1.r.:.a!"fO&e-a1L the
'tied
it
m,,.t
from 9 aQr.tld
6Vldanue
'i
t::1:.."; ur !Soubt3, ncr a:uat U:e7 ent~::-!all
fy an aoonittnl
arls•
Aa
:u:-7 a.re not. ~o ;,;o be;ond
,1011bta es ero tr,o:t1l:.· Cl:lmeric.ol
:udtl
Ju rt,
'the
to. a~t.hori~e
lnenti'i.i:lent
o neidertnr
a!tor
lf.
~"O,._.
heve
11n ob1dl
;0:1 9t'3 aa-tla.::.1.i
:i"
beyond.
!il1 the
ceasan1ble
lla::d, -the J ,,.., m,:,it oot F" be:or.'1
ln!eren~eJ
a-vldenca
~o .v1ot.10n or tte
ell
or
s ve-rdlut
:,ou
o
tri::.th
daubt.
not.
::s!ly
t:"1
tbo cti.nrge,
on ~l\e 0V1er
~te nTi~enc•
tc •wit
tf
of gu.11;1
/<'
l I .
The Jourt
murder
killing
f'lll1
lcatr1;ots
r,8110 a 1• rresumed
lts
gtion.
tf'Je Jnr ... that
on
I\
J,harre
!rom ,.h ,, :rc1. or Jd.ll tr.,;.
of
1"111
en t tie
en1 ia 'U.hS,co01.i.1-·'-,nlwl'l'i\ 1,t-- oir1.n.tlatarieea
rov,,d,
tl:e b• rd.an
•
: dts•rro,·1111! C1all3e
,athrown
of
,,,on the
�•
•
,
�I
t
'
•
•
•
'
•• I
I.natruotion
:;'r'"• 1ourt
wcui;i
•ttb
£i~en
o~ the :3leye:-.
frovocatior.,
tot,11
<fl'u:r~her trwtruJt.fl
s do~lli
te,
1
1:1
f•~1•.
oirc
~hfJ ":ourt
too Jtu·J
la r:roved:
their
interoot,
:heir
r. --r al.i..1i'l' or iJiea.
,. .. ns or in!c-.-..,tlon.
•••·
to 1'e 11,tl tled
r.,ice6tt1 ty ot
~e
;· r;;
\.ha.-t ln
aro Ditl.l:orlte,I
of the witri.,aoon
.:eatir;,t~:
n,
rr!tsonor
·i ven tbt1 tea:tiaan::,
+h<? wei oh':. to b•
dllt:r■nor 11~Jlat.
d~ll bore' e. s,<i r:-e:::odl.
riu:tt~noes.
tne relstio1LhiJ
t«l}::"'11
o .. evea.n.,. i~b. tlif/··t
-"''.l::-~b.er in&t!'tl.!tlJ
w1trJJG8od in tt1s: cose.
.Lf on;r,
tf
tr.eir
t:1'!di ff13,rent
to oor.Jll4.e:-
to tbo ptr1:.1•~.
if
~e
result
!11~
t,a;;
linen ah•J\.'.n; th~lr
111,1ar.,t.t intel
or
the ace
in
'111'1:,: gl.-e .,ll.~. o~-•11-:."10
to,
1.1rnr1.hl
R
~n r~~Tioms pOS$aS~1on
-.11ful,
i t.hrowa u1 or tr.a
ahor,ino- extnnuatfnp;
tlat.9.rolnlnR
w~apon iu
.o;t:e Jur;i-· that
IS'itt:ot.t an;r pro-:oc9:'tlon.
1s rrimo
klll!
!To.
tnls
11?.Bn.:e;
•
te
•>Doe:
1tieir
tc<~l~oni,
�•
•
•
,)
•
•
I
�•
•
•
••
.
'
,7
.... .."'
•
~
~
Ir. tbe
'.:1~au1t
Court
ot ••14
County•
•
~ha!- !.urt .. J:"ou.h.- na on .the .....:.,tt: ::11 oi "'r,7.
-::!lt~
rreuer."!
192!.
in t.'l& ..:ow;J
;ertsin
fJ1'or1um1 • 1
!'!nsor in h.111 brmd thun
.?reda rroucht1ns,
i"
a
!.,.ho \"'asor
t.het"o,
wPh
.J'
H~ .1., 11A Hl I
B!'orssu ..a,
Cf
~belr
kor.
fO;"Q 9~QrJJ8!111.
!el:in:a1s1.f.
t.te 8'1ld "'rela
d1d k.111 Bnd murdo•.
_f
1:li...i.a 111-1:otooc.t
,!)r.
---------:r. Jt • .,,id.or.
Jat:P-1":. Anr..Lo 1 etkl ... , -· • "' rr
--
-
1:ron
har.
t,l':a ~ti.root
,:no..t!ll w-c-,nd•
er ah'l
1
l
·--
-\ ~- h ·Ar1J
•
"y---·bd:rd.
nDd o!
:.ie:ulna:.
1r. i,~rrner
bl~
gr}
~lie•
t.t-e
;-.e1:HJf!!
or.J.
the
-to-stimon;
VJ.rg.1nt11.
11;1 !'01 .i
Lu..,.t_ •r-Ju han ,
..,__:;.
~1111 "'?or,,re~.
&e!.1
1,.,~.,
o.r
f •t,e 1ertf,
Wllf1.. ..l7.
o! t.be ~r"JJnt:inwe~ltt.
l!~lty
wo
Q
....:l:JbeJ.
■t
l,u.:::, .....
~u.. ~eua.
n!:t:-eth>Jueht.
or. ..
1 l:1hod nr:1
rtnl
, :;
0! tl--e
'T. orrl
a~oruu!llrl,
aho11t- to
one ?reia
and 'th:are hel
on!! , ran +-t,o .. ~mai
.;,,r + 1e b,d;.--- ~f th1J aa1d P.r14a
.;,-! th'l brenlt'i
e::~ :::rr
1 •0.;ht
on
o!'
------
:1 .1'7St1, ~- \.:;._1J4r
•
• \!"'n'-, "'-:in.
- .. a?'l "'::!~Ono,
-- r.1.r,•-4--<'-- h~_.,,.~ ,.,
-----
'le-rur "n.tru~.,,.,t,,m,Ti"f;;i;:;+"j. m•.
'
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.... and aa
...
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J
C
l..,,,"JN-,....,._~-
,I
_.,.
' .,,,,.. •~;.,,. ,. ...,, ~ ••;f<--4, ~
'y
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.........
1"-'-'
l,t,1./
'...,:
{.,-,,
--~~
~
(,Jr-
l,..........._
( 0- .,~
I• ....._,,~,
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1921
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lurty Houchens
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with felony murder.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Felony
Murder
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Jennifer Taylor
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
CCR001_007_228
Houchens
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/dff61bc679261fa3777ed63e0d2b005f.pdf
996f813db42c80ba982a114484fe0068
PDF Text
Text
ug . t erm, 1 91 9 .
r.:app La-w .
COMMONWEALTH
vs.
Indictment
··----Lusb.y ___-3hi £_f l -e-t t -------- ···----··········----
xxf~iEfimlfrX
For Misdemeanor
~·
11
t
u
A TRUE BILL
Foreman
ha rry M. Str i ckl e r
c o~ aonweal th •s Attorney .
�Commonwealth of Virginia,
County of Rockingham, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in and for the
body of the County of Rockingham, and now attending the Circuit
at i .s. Au£: s t t e r r'.l , 1 919
Court of said countyf i P N THE R OATHS PRESE!NT, that Lusby Sh iff le t t
.
,~ i th i n one ye r next pri or to the find i n
o f thi s i nd ict en t , i n s i d
County , di d unlaw:fully ma nufacture , s ell , o f e r , ke ep , s to r e aria. ex o se
for sa l e , g i ve away , transport , dispen se , s olic i t , advertise and r e ce i ve order s
or a rdent s p i r i ts ,
against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
AND THE JURORS AFORESAID, UPON THEIR OATHS AFORESAID, DO
FURTHER PRESENT, that
against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
a___~-~~~-P
This indictment is found on the testimony of __
~
witnesses sworn in Court and sent before
evidence.
______
fh, ,.,_.
and Jury t ; give
~__ U..,
'
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Lusby Shifflett
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1919
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box1-061
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Shifflett
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/RcPr-box1-003.pdf
2f76fe6bd7d4eef1a8285346ed1ec079
PDF Text
Text
Commonwealth of Virginia,
County of Rockingham, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
' and for the
The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in
body of the County ofa t Rockingham~,
and
t tending
the Circuit
i ~s b~p~ e moe
r r:,Qow
~e r m,a~~l
b,
Court 9.t 0 sai2:_ c-9unty, UPON T I OATHS PRESENT,. that. Lut her, ~.erey ,
on the~rt/2. 1 ~ ay of -+-'-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,1 916 , i n s a i d coun cy ,
di d 2e ll ci der cont r ary to
against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
AND THE JURORS AFORESAID, UPON THEIR OATHS AFORESAID, DO
FURTHER PRESENT, that Lut he r- ~ere y on t h e ______ da y of
, 191 6 , in sa i d coun t y , di d s ell c i der , con ta i n i ng
_a _l_c_o_h_o_l _i_
n_ e_x _c _e _s _s of s i x pe r centum , in t errit ory where lic en~e t o
s e l l ardent sp i r i ts at ret c:. il he s n ot b een g r ant ed ,
against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
This indictment is found on the testimony of ~
cJ~ ~
---------------------------------,
witnesses sworn in Court and sent before the Grand Jury to give
evidence.
�Se nt embe-:::- ::.·erm, 1916 .
COMMONWEALTH
~l
Indictment
vs.
T11t her ..-'. . ere.Y.•............................................
i
B-9• Feleu.¥,
E:m,c::Misdem:uinmc
,
~
u
d I'"
~ t J '2-a
'~:::r::v::-:-
ATRUEBILL
Harry M. Str i ckl e r ,
comrnonTTeal th ' s Att orney .
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Luther Aerey
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with unlawful sale of cider, containing alcohol in excess of six per centum, without a license. Misdemeanor, Not a True Bill.
This item was originally identified as RcPr-box1-003.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--Virginia
Alcohol--Law and legislation
Criminal courts--Virginia
Rockingham County (Va.)
Harrisonburg (Va.)
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre 2019; Updated by Megan Pullen 2025.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001_001_003
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/20">Rockingham County Criminal Records</a>
Aerey
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/c2ed5e7125262be3f98ee920e10f9f3a.pdf
c6d59991c286a54134be85dcbe961a75
PDF Text
Text
C l. .IOl /.1~ 1 1H O
' u ' TY o .
VI.
Il;
ROC: r:mT
t, to -wi
n t he Circui t Cour t of s.aid Co unty:
he grand ·uro r s i n a nd f or the b od
of Rocle ing ham , anc1 now... t t end ing
of
i d County
id Court at its Jun e
term, 192 3 , upon t he ir oath s do _presen t that Luther Bowman
within on e year next prior t o t he f illding of this
i n the sai
indict .ent,
County of Rocking ham , did unlawf ully manufa c ture ,
s ell , offer , keep , stor e and ex_pose f or
· 1 e , gi v e
w y,
trans o.rt , d i spense , solici t , adverti se and receive orders
for ard en t s ir its, agains t t he 1.)ea ce and cl igni ty of th e
Co mmonwe dlt
o f Virgin ia_.
The jurors
fores ' id. upon their oat hs _fo resaid to
further presen t t ba t Lut her Bowman ,wit hin one year ne:xt
prior to the f inding o f this indic t ment , did unlawf ul ly
ge t drunlc i n a
ubl i c
l ace ,
gai nst the peace and digni ty
of the Comoonwe alth of Virgin ia .
'l1hi s i nd i ct men t i s foun d on the t estimo ny of
C .D. Fulk , a wi t ne ss s worn in Court and. sent befor e the
grand jury to gi ve evidenc e .
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Commonwealth s Attor ney .
�STAT E NORMAL SCHOOL
HAR RISO NBU RG, VA.
CHEMICAL LAB ORA TOR Y
IS
RE PO RT OF AN AL YS
.
THE SAM PLE OF..
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IS :
FOL LOW ING ANA LYS
·····s uBM ITT ED BY
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.............. ........... FOR THE
...... ............................. ....... .......
........... SHO WS THE
REM ARK S :
THE
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��Arrest Warrant
COMMONW EAL TH OF VIRGINIA, }
TO WIT :
ROCKINGHA M CO UNTY,
To_
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a Constable of said County:
· County, has this day made
These are therefore, in the name of the Commonw ealth of Virginia, to command you forthwith to apprehend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said- - - - - - -
~ ~
to answer the ~d ~o~laint and to be further dealt with according to law. And you are required to sum-
m:"C 7
~
to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonw ealth, on the examinatio n touching the said offence.
Given under my hand and seal this- {j?-- a.,
No. 38
- --
day of_ ,,e::J.~~~- - -~ , in the year 192,,.3.
~~
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Executed the w ithin 111arra11t by arrestint!
011d delivering th e body o f
before
a Justice of Rocki11glia111 County, a11d by s11rn-
mo11ing the within nam ed wi tnesses in person,
this ...
. ... day of .
·· ··· · · · ··········· 19.. ..
Co11stal,le of Ro cki ngham County.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Luther Bowman
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Indictment
Subject
The topic of the resource
Misdemeanor
Indictment
chemical analysis
manufacture
sell
offer
trasport
dispense
advertise
receive order for ardent spirits
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1923
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box2-051
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Bowman
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_067-commonwealth-v-luther-bowman.pdf
848fb17889f0fe759370bfd320479e95
PDF Text
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��STA'rE OF VI Rr1-IIHA,
ROCKIN:rHAMCOUNTY, TO- 'IT:
IN THE CIRCuI? COURTow SAID COUNTY.
The Jurors
of the
Cornr:-.on.eal th of Virginia,
Count.y of Roclcingh!L-:-. an
t.Prrr. in the
lla;rch
year
~~
that
the
of
1907,
upon
hreak
+,heir
barn
then
of
said
barn
and cnattt:l~
and tner e being
the
goods
then
there
the
at
~"
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s.nd not
6 to
of
being,
the
did
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J.
of
said
with
the
of I~igh t Dol-
value
J.P.
Sho~alter,
feloniously
said
mi.ray and tlia t he
and. carry
, one saddle
_
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J.
take,
its
_o_f__
out-house
said
body
t:hat.
the_/lL~f~ay
of t.lle said
and chattt:lls
and
Court
prel(_nt
Sho·:rnl ter
of
to steal,
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.
/'
goods
the
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or occu_pi ~d 1:'!ith tl1e d11ellinyouse
t·.e
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on
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J. P.
,
intent
t.he said
and ente::- a certain
the Property
a barn,
called
now att.ending
~~
dc:1.y, f'eloniously
in and for
in
take,
steal,
the
and
Virginia.
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al'oresRid,
upon
t~~
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c:.ay of
day-tir:e
ou. .-house
and not
19 · , in the
of that
day,
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P. Sho:mlter,
t.o or 000upied
-;:;i·~.h intent
in
na id barn
the
nfo:-esaid
is
goods
do further
2£~
on the _____
said
County
did break
and enter
of
and chat.+.els
being
J.
of
P. snowal ter,
steal,
take,
Eight
Dollars
the
in
aaid
ar1d. carry
of the
barn
goods
t!19n
a·vay ag inst
a certain
Sl1o'.',al ter,
P.
o:f sa.:.d J.
house
oft.he
naid
J.P.
tal<.e, and. c arr~,
t.o steal,
away and ti:iat. he tl1e 8aid;___~-----~--~------~---'
t11e value
_
of' Rockin 0 11a~ in
'rri th +,he d el ling
and there
then
oat
-f:he property
co:cur.only c'111 ed a ba:-n,
adjoinin&;
Sho·.1al ter
their
r:.'l
t,hat. the sai --------'-~-------'
present,
the
ju ors
one sadd.le
arid chat~.els
of
and
there
bein.;,
the
peace
and dieni
the
did
ty
snid
of
J.
feloniously
of
tr1e
corr.::-.orr:·,ealth of Virginia..
Upon the evidence
Witnesses
Cour
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sworn in open
and sent
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1778-1971
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Ccr001
Ccr002
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1906
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Luther Bowman
Description
An account of the resource
Defendant charged with felony break and enter and felony larceny.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Felony
Burglary
Break and Enter
Larceny
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Criminal Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Jennifer Taylor
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
CCR001_004_067
Bowman
Showalter
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/68942e45922037976cfbfd67c5ac991e.pdf
c5655cf5780746edcd2a87241882786c
PDF Text
Text
COMMOUWEALTH 0:B' VIRGI N - ,
COUNTY OF ROCKI NGH.J , to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of s.iid Count y:
The grand jurors in and. for th e bod y o:t s aid County of
Rock: inghum an d now attending said Court at its 1.1._pril term, 1924,
¢=upon t hei r oaths do present tha. t Lnther Dean on or about the ~
day _of April, 1924 , in t he said County of l:{ockingham, did unlawfully
and. felontousl~' sell one gallon of ard en t spirits to
Curry a nd
~
y'
~ ~
McGla.ughlin within oneC e d yards
o f where he , the s a id Luther Dean, h~d in his _p ossessi on fi re arms,
agai nst t he _peace a nd dignity of t he Commonwealth of Virginia .
/ .
7- his indictme11t is ·found on the t e sti mony o f VJ. T. Rexrod e--/
:~. M. Burk e~ John S .f'ur~k a nd { ~
~
/
Curry a1 d
McG l aughl i n , wi t ne sses sworn in Court an d se u t before the grand j ury
t o give evidence.
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CO .fi O NFAL~' H
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LUTHER DEAN
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WHEREAS. ------~
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has this da v made complaint and information on oath before m e,
0f
th e Sal.d
(a )
County
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. f ter st a ted m
. th e sa1.d
that he verfily believes
for the r easons here ma
County
-Qiw.
and State:
Ardent spirits atre being unlawfully ma nufactured, sold, kept, stored, possessed, held, used, and concealed,
in a cerlrun
~
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0
bv one--·--·~ - - - --· · - ~--·*-"---··· · · ~····-~
(Give name, or say,
(b)
. ~ • · · · ·----Of the said = t y
(He re insert n ame of a f f i a n ~
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''Whose name is to the informant unknown")
A stiM, still cap, worm, t ubs, fermenters and other appli a nces with such still a nd used, a nd mash a nd other substances,
ca pable of be'ing used, in the ma nufacture of Ar dent
• _p
--1-1
bvone ---~
inn "'""" .
Spirits,atre unlawfully in the p0ssession of , and
('
--·-·- - ~···-'Y::-:.. ....- ---·--··----- · · - - ~ - ·· ·-···--(Give name, or say,
~
unlawfully used
... ~
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"Whose n ame is to the informant unknown")
o ~i;~
.;;.;;.o..;:;,;, .···· · · ····· · ·· ····· · ·· .
(c) - Ar dent Spir its are beinic, unlawfully h-ept, held, stored, c oncealed. used, sold, a nd unlawfully tra nsported in certain baggage
otr
a certain vehicle,. to-wit: •a cer'tain _···---·-····-·-··--·----···--··--···--- ....--•··-·---···---·---·--···---········---··--·---··------·--··-··-·--·--------------··--·······-····-·····-·-·•····-·
(.Here d escribe vehicle. auto. motor boat. package or baggage, or what not)
by one_. ---- -·····---·-···--··---·····-··----·---····-·····-··---·-······----··-···-·· ·-··-·- --·········---..... _.. _________ ___ ..._________ .... ----·--··--•·--------·-·----········---··--·-··---···················--·--·····-· ...
(Give name, or say,
"Whose name is to the informant unknown")
And there being r easonable a nd p r obable cause for such belief, on account of the following fa cts stated b:v the affiant and
othevs, to-wi t:
-··--r.-uf-----···~
thaL--· - ~··----··c.,"'·:.,.-,,~ ~ 2,,,,.....,.,_._.........,,,.,.,,-.M~~~ .- .........~
······-·····--------·-·-· ----- ··-- ·······
This is to certify that I have this day iss ued a seatrch, wa r r a nt to search the said..___
-·····~
�AFFIDAVI T FOR A WARRAN T TO SEARCH
FOR ARDENT SPIRITS, ETC.
Commonw ealth of Virginia
' .
Vi.
~-··-~
F iled in th e Cl e rk's Office of th e . ... .. ... . . .. . .
Court of the . ........... of. .... . ... .. .... .. . · V a .
County or City
Name
Court o f the ... .. ....... . ........... . .. . . .
Virgini a. thi s ............day of.... ... ................ .. ....... ,
19 2 . .. .
Clerk.
By ................................................................... D. C.
�In the Name of the Commo nwealth of Virginia :
To the Sheriff of Rockingha m County, Greeting:
You. are hereby com,m,and ed to sum,mon ...
to cipper.1,r before the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingh am, County, at the Court
19:?, ... f/4-c.. /.. ............ dayof
Hou.,sethe reof, atl0o'clo clc, a . m ., on the
·a?J·~ ..
to testify and the truth to say in behalf of the Commonw ealth against .
1~:· ..0 ~
. . .·.· · · · · · ··· · · · · :::·.: . :. ... . . . . . . . . . ..:·~·.:. .... . . . . . . ·.·.· . . · · · · · ·•: ··.· . .·.·.·.· ·. ..
who stands charged with and indicted for a felony misdeniea nor .
.11.nd this.. ~ . ..... shall not omit under the penalty of £100 . .11.nd have then
·
and there thi;JV,,it~
of our said Court, at the Court House, the
Clerk
Witness, J. F. BL.11.CK BURN,
1 9-:':/ ' and in the 14 .. Cthyea rofthe Commonw ealth .
c:2.J day of. . .. ..
07/·7 "··· ·,
. . .. . . . . . ..I/.Jk.~.
f. , ..
New,~Record. Harrisonburg. Va.
~.~ ~,
Clerk.
��In the Nam e of the Com mon weal th of Virginia:
To the Sherif f of Rockin gham Count y, Greeti ng:
Yo~E ~ ~~ "?:;- =d ·~:
Roclc ingha,ni Count y, at the Cou,l't
to appea r befol'e the Ju,dje of the Circu it Court of
19 ..
.. day of . .
House thereo f, at 10 o'cloc k, a . ni., on the .. . .~ .I ~
onwea ,lth befol'e the GNmc l Jul'y
to testif y and the truth to say in behalf " of" the C01nm
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· ·~ ···•£•;.;;;;·
niisde nieano l' .
who stancl s cha,.g ed with and indict ed for a f"elony
have then
.... . .......shall not omit under the penal ty of £100 . .11.nd
.11.nd this .......
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nnd there this Wl'it.
Coul't , at the Cou,rt Hou,se, the
Witne ss, J. F. BL.11.CKBUR.N', Clerk of ou,1' said
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19 ..~ 1,nd in the 14 ... ~ h yeal' of the Coni monw ealth
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Commonwealth v. Luther Dean
Description
An account of the resource
Felony; Indictment
Subject
The topic of the resource
Felony
Indictment
Long jail time
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1924
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
RcPr-box4-006
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
JMU Libraries
Dean
-
https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/9268afe70fe52d19dff4be153574eeec.pdf
cdff0beb1baad9f5e6d04807f586108c
PDF Text
Text
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Commo nw ealt h
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Luther Mowbray
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iommonweal th' s Attorney
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Commonwealth of Virginia-City, County o
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has this dav ma
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H ere insert name of a ant or affiant
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to-wit:
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complaint and information on oath before me, ..~~..... '. ... .. ... .. .... ... ...... .. .. .,.. .... ... .Title
N amc of Magistrate
~ ...... that he verily believes for reasons hereinaft er stated in t he said ... .. ~.... and State
of the said .. ... ..
:':e~:: ~ f;~:u;ctu11 :::~•.ke: ::,:1r:.:11,~;•:t
City or County
City or County
(a )
Acdent Spfrit.:
Here describe the place,
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by on
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A still, still cap, worm, tubs, fermenters and other appliances connected with such still and used,
and m ash and other subst ances, capable of being used, in the manufacture of Ardent Spirits,
ace unlawfully in
in a certain
( c)
use, roo m or boat, as the case may be
the
....................................................... .. ..
possession2::la wfully used by ooe
say "Whose name is to the informant unknown."
Give name j if name unknown
duu,..ll./~. . .... .... ............. ....... .~ . . ~
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Herc desc -;b~ r. lace as in (a) above
·· ··· ·· · ·-·~,
A rdent Spirits are being unlawfully kept, held, stored, concealed, used, sold,
and
unlawfully
transported in certain baggage or a certain vehicle, to-wit: a certain ............................ ...... .. ... ... ......... .
H ere describe vehicle, aut.,, " a gon, carriage, buggy, boat, baggage or what not
.......................................... .. ............................................................... .............. .................................... .................................
···:
-Ltify tha~;:;;;;z:;;d.~:;~nt •~. sea,,ht~~~a:~. .~•:;~.'::•;_,=~•:?
············ ······ ········ ················ ····················· ················· ···· ···································································· ······~
auto or bagga
, or as the case may be
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for the said
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, / .l-<'M'<'r:i'71tA--1Cr."~. .. .. ... ........ .. ......... • .. .. .. ... . ....... . . ... ..... . .. ..... .. . · ·· · · ·· · ....... . ........... . . ..... . .. .. .. ....... . . ... . ... .... .... . •
hat is to be searched for as, " Ardent Spirits," still,
�..
'
AFFIDAVIT FOR A WARRANT ·To SEARCH
FOR ARDENT SPIRITS, ETC.
Commonwealth of Virg inia
vs.
Filed in the Clerk's Office of the .... ... ..... ........................
Court of the .............. ........ of ...................................... .. ...... Va.
County or City
N ame
Court of the ...................... .......... .... ... .. ... ..... ................. ........... .
Virginia, this ............ day of .................................... 192....... .
Clerk
By .... ...... ........................ ........................................D. C.
�,
Commonwealth of Virginia-City, County
o{jd~ L
to-wit~
transpor ted in certain baggage or a certain vehicle, to-wit: a certain ... ... ............
... ...... ...... .... .. ... .. ....... .
Here d~scribe
vehicle, aut•'>, Vt agon, carriage, buggy, boat, baggage or what not
by one ····· ··· ···· ···· ······ ············ ··· ····· c·-- ········· .. ·······--········ ········· ··· ··· ·· ········ ·····················"·······················
···
Here iilve name, or d<scribe as in (a) above
···· ···· ···· ·········
And there being reasonab le cause for such belief:
THESE ARE, THERE FORE, IN THE NAME OF THE COMM ONWEA LTH
OF VIRGIN IA,
to comman d you, with all necessar y and proper speed and assistanc e, to search
the hou se, place, baggage, boat, or vehicle herein designat ed, either in day or night, and seize such
ardent spirits and their
containe rs and other things apparent ly possesse d or used in violation of law, and
bring the same and
the person or persons, in whose possessi on they are found, and also any person
resisting , impeding , obstructing , or in any manner hinderin g or delaying you in the executio n of this
warrant, before me, or
some other officer having jurisdict ion of the case, to be di sposed of and dealt with
accordin g to law; and
make return of this warrant showing all acts and things done thereund er, with
a particula r statemen t
and sufficien t descripti on of the things seized and the name of the person in whose
pbssessio n touhd, if
any, and if not found in the possessio n ot any bne, so state in your return, and
post a true copy of this
\varrant and the return thereof, as required by law.
/J _
Given under my hand and seal
2i 17 ~~-- -
this_/;----da~_
--~
(SEAL)
--1 ----~ ---<!!---%,;:-:;:-~;;;;,;;;~---
�WARRANT TO SEA~CH FOR ARDENT
SPIRITS, ETC.
DIRECTIO N S
1.-If only Ardent Spirits and containers be seized, ·
the Magistrate shall fix a time not less than 10
nor more than 30 days from th e date of return, for
the hearing of said return. If no claimant appear,
the Ardent Spirits and articles are to be forfeited
to Commonwealth. Any per so n claiming any of
same must. file a written claim stating particularly
the character and extent of his interest therei'n, whereupon the Magistrate shall certify the warrant, written
claim and articles claimed, to the Circuit or Corporation Court, as the case may be, for determination, and
decla re the uncl aimed art icles forfeited.
2.-If still, sti!l tap, worm, tubs, hea ther, fermcnters, or any appli;i;nce connected with a still and
used, or mash or other substance capable of being
used, in the man ufacture of A rdent Spirits, be seized,
the mash (after taking a sample) shall be destroyed,
and th e facts and° articles seized rep orted to the Prohibition Director and Commonwealth's Attorney. (A·
copy of this warrant and proper return will be sufficient notice and report) . Ardent Spirits and containers disposed of as in No. 1 above.
3.-If Ardent Spirits arc being tran spo rted in an uatomobi le, boat, wago n, buggy, or other vehicle, the
Ardent Spirits and containers shall be preserved and
the vehicle shall be del iered to the Sergeant of the
City, the facts reported to th e Prohibition Director
and Commonwealth's Attorney and Ardent Spirits
and containers disposed of as provided in No. 1 above
(A copy of this warrant and proper r eturn will be
sufficient report).
4.-A copy of th is warrant
must be . posted a t th e fr ont
on the door of the room, or
place the Ardent Spirits may
a nd the return thereon
doo r of the house, or
o n the premises at the
be found.
See Sections 21½ , 22, 23, 23 ½, 57 and 57½,
of Assembly, 1918, Page 578.
·. •
Acts
Executed the within warrant this ........
oL .....
~r,✓.f-4/4.~.192. Q,by
..tJ..........
...... .. ' ................................................,. ......... '~· ................................... .
Other than above stated the following are witnesses :
day
searcl1ing the
f . J ~ ....................
within stated .. .... .. ......... ...
Here state house, room, place
and by seizing the following described Ardent Spirits
aud other thin gs th erein found (and raresting the
above named person found in possession thereof) and
by posting a true copy of this warrant and the return
hereon on the ..
The following named officers and pdsons assisted
me in the execution of this warr.aJJt:
·.. ···········ii~~~·-~~;: ·pi~~-~~··i~~~~~·; ··;.~~~;: ·i~~~t:· ·
····i1~;~ ·~~·~·tt~;··~·~·t··i;;·i;~~~i;~g··;;;·· t·1~~··:::::::.·::::::::::::::::d·;;;
of .. ......................................... ..... 192
No claim of ownership or interest in any of the
said things seized having been filed herein in compliance with the law, the same are hereby adjudged
and declared confiscated and forfeited to the Commonwealth.
Given under 111y !Janel this ......................................... day
of ·..........
Description of Ardent
Spirits
and other things .
.................................. 192.... ..
.................................................... ·i1ii~ ..~i· '.M~gi~t~~i~
Written claim of owne,rship or interest having been
filed to certain of the said things herein seized, this
warrant, the said claim and the things in t.he claim
particularly described, .a re hereby certified to the
........ .... ......... Court of this ............. :.......... : ... for determination and the said things unclaimed a~e hereby
adjudged and declared confiscated and forfeited to
the Commonwealth.
Given· under my hand this .... .... ........... .................. day of
......... .................... .............. .... ........ ..192 ..... .
.....................................................iiti~··~i·:M~ii1;t~~i~
NOTE-Unless warrant issued for Ardent : Spirits
being transported in vehicle, boat or baggage; 'it is to
be returned to the jurisdiction from which issued. If
issued for Ardent Sp~rits so transported, it can be
executed in any part of the State, and return ed to
any ju_stice in any county or city through which
they were carried.
�,
Com mon weal th of Virginia, lr
-.
Rock ingh am Coun ty, j o-wi1·
BE IT REMEMBERED that on th e __ _;2 5.th __ day of_ __ __ __ .Augua t ___ ____________ l925
,------ - ----
______ Luthe r Houbr ~_ and Henr__.1_ C. _ Sh!fl P.t t------ ------- ------- ------- ------------- came before me ____ __ _._T_ .. _w___ Ke.i t.e.r~- __a_.J..uet.i.o.e.~- _____________________
______________
_____ _
of the said county of Rocking ham, and severall y and respecti ve1Jy acknowledged
themsel ves to be indebted to the Commo nwealth of Virginia , in manner and form following, that
is to say: the said
·------- Luther _ :Mou bray- ___ - _____ - ___ - ____ - _____ - ____ - ______ - ___ - ___ - __
in the sum of
_ Five_ HU!1dred ___ - ___ - ___ - _____ - ____ - _____ - _____ - _____ - _____ - ____
_- ____ - ___ -Dollar s
good and lawful money of the United States, and the said ___ JJe.n.ry__C. _..shi.f.le
.t..t.'!! __________ _
in the sum
,0,f_ ___ ..FiY.e._Hundr.ed.__ ___ =----=-- ---~-- - -~-Dollass
of like good and lawful money, to be
respecti vely made and levied of their several goods and chattels , lands and
tenemen ts, and they
severall y waived the benefit of their Homest ead Exempt ion as to this obligati on,
and also waived any
claim or right to discharg e any liability to the Commo nwealth arising under this
recogniz ance with
coupons detached from the bonds of this State, to the use of the Commo nwealth
of Virgini a if the said
__ _____ L.11_tb.!!_~_u_q_~1'>.TJU'~---------------------- ____ __shall make default in
the perform ance of the
conditio ns underw ritten.
The conditio n of the above r ecognizance is such that if the above bound _______
___________ ~--___ J,..!!'th .e_~_M Q.YP_~ E!Y~--- --------- --------- ---- do and shall per sonally appear
before the Circuit
Court -0.f Rocking ham on the __.1..et____ day of the ____ .O_c.to.her___ ~---~--- ::----=---~--~- Term next
thereof, being the ___ JJ_·Hi__ clay of_ ___Q_c_t_Q b~-- _______ _______ 1925 , at the
Court-h ouse thereof,
and then and there answer the Commo nwealth of Virgini a concern ing a certainJ
.U.ademe.a.no.r _whereof the saicl _________ L,u_t.he.r...M.aub.r.ay~--------- ____________________ stands
charged, and shall not
depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall
be void and of no
effect, otherwi se to remain in full force and virtue.
Taken and ackuow ledged before me, the day and year
v~
------------------dA
½-<--~; _P.__
above written.
,
�0 0:MMONWFJ\.LTH
vs
LUTHER
lOUBBAY.
RECOGNIZANCBe
�Arrest Warrant
COMMO NWEALTH OF VIRGIN IA, } TO WIT :
ROCKIN GHAM COUNT Y,
To
Where as
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, a Constable of said County :
aid County, has this day made
compla in an~ :orma tion on oath before me,----l.c. ., L. :'--±.1.-:,. . L.,.~ ~~~ ~ifl ~-a
Justice of the said County,
These are therefore, in the name of the Comm onweal th of Virginia, to comma
nd you forthwith to apprehend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body
of the said- - - - - - -
~
- fu -.~ --
to answer .the said compl aint1f1~
be further dealt with according to law. And you are required to sum-
mon - - - - - -- - - -- - - - - - - to appear and give eviden ce in behalf of the Comm onweal th, on the examin
ation touchin g the said offence.
Given under my hand and seal this~ 2 ~
~ ~ ~~ ~ ~:::__-- -,..
year 19--2JS I
No. 38
�Charged with Posneesio n of Arden t 8piri ts •.
Commonweal th
VS
Aug 25th 1925.
Luther Moubro.y.
The within Defe,,daht thiPJ day appeared before me , J. W. Keiter
a Justice of the said County at Dayton, and waiving a hearing wu.e
recognizer l in the Awn of Five Hundred Dollars for hie appearanc e
before the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, Vu., on the Fi•et
day of tho October Term thereof. Henry C. f3h iflett , su~et,, .
@ive~ under my ha~d this the ~5th day of August !925.
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�In the Name of the Comm onwea lth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingh am County , Greeting :
You cire hereby con1,111,anilecl to su,111,n1,011,
E : ~ . ... . .
at the Court
to nppear before the Judge of' the Circuit Cou,rt of' Roclcing hcim County,
day of'. . .~ , ... .... 19&:v...p
Hozise thereof, at 10 o'clock, a. m., on the ...... .1 ..
Jury
to testify and the triith to say in behalf' of' the Common wealth befor e the Grand
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for
misdeme anor .
who stands charged with cincl indicted
. .. ...shall not omit under the penalty of'£ l 00. .Jl.nd hnve then
.Jl.nd this ... ~
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and there this Writ.
House, the
Witness, J . F. BL.Jl.CK BUR.N, Clerlc of' our sciicl Coiirt, at the Cou,rt
Com.mo nwertlth .
., 19,<.\?.-;-cmd in the 1 ~ th year of' the
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In the Nam e of the Com mo nwe alth of
Gree ting :
To the Sher iff of Rockingh am Coun ty,
the Cou rt
uit Cou rt of Roc king ham Cou nty, at
to nppe ar befo re the Judg e of the Circ
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. ~ .~ of ~ .. :
the
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and indi cted for a felo ny misd eme nnor
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then
t und er the pena lty of £10 0. .llnd have
.llnd this .............................. .. ...: .. shal l not omi
and ther e this Wri t .
se, the
k of our said Cou rt, at the Cou rt Hou
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wea lth .
d in the ~h yea rof the Com mon
day of . .....~ : ..... . , 19 . L . ~
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases
Description
An account of the resource
The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the <strong>Rockingham County Circuit Court</strong> from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant. <br /><br />For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids">Finding Aids</a>" tab in the menu above.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse
Subject
The topic of the resource
Prohibition--History
Prohibition--Government policy--United States
Prohibition--Virginia--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--History
Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Rockingham County Circuit Court
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1916-1933
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Pro001
Relation
A related resource
<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7">Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory</a><br /><a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6">Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits </a>
Is Referenced By
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<a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"> Prohibition Records Finding Aid </a>
Text
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Commonwealth v. Luther Mowbray
Description
An account of the resource
Misdemeanor; Indictment
Subject
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Misdemeanor
Indictment
Contributor
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Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1925
Rights
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This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a>)
Identifier
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RcPr-box5-020
Format
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PDF
Source
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Rockingham County Circuit Court
Publisher
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JMU Libraries
Mowbray