110 20 4487 https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_007_226-commonwealth-v-charles-byrd.pdf e661777e35f2bebc282aa6bbaf673ea8 PDF Text Text •' •• ,.j 1/Nwh,y IN • ..? ( k"- I, /v ,-?,j/1,74·> ,,?,;; ,f, • ,,,~_,,/ '/-,/ ,n d,,.,.Qf,,Au,o ,/',✓,,, /1,.N,,.Jk,nl /, /,,,/,/I½, '>~#,,~, .,,,.J,,/•h,-,, ,,,./, #I; ,,ult //,,:: ,/, ;(/ PO ul,J �• l - a • �\ I I ~ • June. I ah.al I Di vc the C1rc~1 t Co~rt. of 1Q21, Rockingham, !"or a judement l>ollara and Thtrty.ono again1t I from the 14th ru~ or A,pr1l, 1921, until I due to "'" from you as evidenced able note in t!le one Cent■, ('80, I December, Peoploa rlnoipnl )l/, executed Tith of Bishty by you lQ.20, and duo and payable \\.ll<D trl\'.t~K rt,<, 1, .'I01'.9l/llG.V,._ I ~ proi:11..,,ry my hand this 25th ne;,ett. and ~hirty. the 120 daye after da of llay, Counae . •n,,,.._(•-Y.,.,.. the """'e b•in& Dollcar• to aeon t!lereon 15'th day of d· te at llank of l!arr1 eonbu.rg. Given under I int•r••t paid; ty a certain 8UJ'll r you. tor the eu.m o!' E.i~•·h.ty (tSo.31}, Cents, the- Ccuri.t.-y 1'1 'L tho �• • • ~i "- . - "'... .. • 0 l:l ii! ~ ,.• . 0 r: • cl • .. ., "'. <. . 12: . ... <>- . ... ., " .... .. '" .. .. .. ~ "' .. " " ,.• •• " - ,._ ,. 0 0 ... ,j -• - .., • 1:g _<j ,.; ~ ~ -~ "~ ~ ~ --"' "' :r -l'. ., (,:l ' ~ ~ ~ <;;,. ' ~~ J .. ,.,. ~ C. ~ ~ .. ~ ·;l .., .. ,... �VIRGIN IA--County T11I/;, • r'h )f./'~t.1.. 1·, r(iftt of Rockingham, ,-J.·,,{ ti~ l'ir, .. ,,, 'J{l/(J/~ (\1urt oJ'"'''it/ f'h111d11 ,11,'11.yth.J,1 /hr /'1m•1•11f ...,,id1•1,1otl!f.tl"1htrd1// lhul I Im,,, !hi,,· rla11f01Jtl/ltllrtl ,mitl r(Jullf/1, 11ml lo· lil"IJI l,e trh d Jt ,n ·,,11111dllu/ 11 lhi • tlwt To-wit; M (h· ldr,f 111/r,r,/he- dM·uil ,·,mrl J,,.,, th" {,,. ,l,,y i{ dfuv~,>"~hl•Jt1,:/ o/ ,>;rddn,1111/_, 1. {or tt 1i lrmy!i,1 .?7/ ~ ~~ ~ ,/4 ~4 l ~ ~ r/i~ J ~<6-,, 0_,.{) I~ 1/11 .,.,,;,1"'''""" d-J) 11/ 1!13/ o,.,,' ~ , 111 nu.t.<.-1.. tm..<. ntdu_ f~Jr • • .J. 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't~t 1n tho oout1t, l 9P.l, nron or.e "~l lie t~lon1ov al:,. ?11ek d..111. u~.e n!o ·. •~u.ght. mn"ldr :11• li..• uocM moans. an rrnncJa. a:!'Or&a H ,.13!,11~· or,1 on in mid • r h !~ :!!l- ,sn !l!l!Hlll'lt. u.~ !n a,x:e 'ff'O:;" ~nl 1ns~r~en~.u un t'H>3fOJu to +i,. ·.J .Frar..ois, t.ht,n •Jl'Jtl ~I-tor 1 r11~k uer!ul.n ~ortal l!olllo lnJurle~ l'li,,k,t~An nn1 thoro ".:"";l, olta:.i ·,11cl< in aiannor sai 1·1d or h18 "lUliJ~ Thta o: wll!'Yll7 w~t~h did "'Q~»t~Jll;lht 1nd1o~con't '\"liok. Hr • '='.:lil:, V. rrtofl. F..:a:r. Startle;.~. iid i11e, klll be!oro th" a-rm d Jur~ enl on tr:e .lt.1111. Collie .. ly, ,.\l#ull;, and c=ior, .lut..iOU q111u. Leo v-a•o • !l!". ,ll~e ar..d r.;u Hu, j...._r-or.1 faloniou m,laon .• ohn Uui!.f!IS, end Harr:; Jolcnon. 'JOU.!"tanJ aout th~roarter 11 touo:l on the tes,,..tno~· "To~· fir, 1 -:eti4t ~o~nt\illt~~ Ch ... lc..L .. :Jn4J1:. tor1tl ororoaaid.. ot "1ta ar,d 1n U4 ~~ soortly -'1'l:, .:1">out t ., A.:J. !oll:JiTLnG s!l1d Cb&rleo ,1.,1~'):1:...ly, Ji'- ~ aaiJ .. r.t..~, c!'!1at lC ar.d c-~ cs11~• a!orot t-1..0 11; ,md s'ld now a"tn:id.ir.; ':h:trlcUJ 1:,'l"d, .olt•~D ~hB!"lea the Gtb dn:, of !1aroh, 1 Jc c1f "irgini,1, Jr .. •g,t!r,ot o" ~h.erlle -r.,e J:. ~11c1·. J. tr. ~eiidr. wl'tnes.-Je,, to ;?ive avLl9 l'hillia .JNorn ua. in 1 �~ > ,. 0 , lj 0 !" "' . ~:I '7. ;~..j ,, ► ·1 ,.;1 .."" 0" .. tl ... , it~ ·r ! 1~ i: I~. .... > ,,. .,, ... • .... "'S' 0 ~ "' .... >i p. d::, M a " .. ... '.. -•• -".. " ... 4 ... " ... .... .,_." a◄ ;I. "' .. ..... ••• •"• .. Ci C> Cl ' ., .... ~ .. ., c> <' ;, �• "3.r,..,/~ 'H (; • ... " (' tt 'if U.,.r " • • i/r /J I ' 7 • ,I.,.,,) Jt,""..-...t:• , f, / I L---1 __ ' �• • �' , J , ! <, • I ·- C" I' /' , �--TT ~ ----- ~,~"FE =-- - •·.· ' t • - f l • I • • • LI �!N rn KAl£EOF1.11E COl.oMClf'i~ .l!,ALTB: OF\IIRGDf" ...A.. u11us it/.\,fl.Irrnq,u. o,,d 1/11.s ,..,.II w,,.,,,, c-n u • ,~ l1r.t-C.•1"11'ft,1'ri-,:;,//lt. f,.;t,/!,_i,u,I~ 2. I "•' 1-t f ~ ��l_,,,_,..-, ,_ q ~ l t Cll.lS. BTIIJ) .AllS alias • CJU.11.l!'RUC:18 In41otment for a l'elo117 c01111011wurmr I i • �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1921 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Charles Byrd Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_007_226 Byrd Flick https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_049-commonwealth-v-charles-beach.pdf 8797e34162be673118b22680c179bf71 PDF Text Text �.. �N~ws-REGIST~R. /. HARRISONBURG, VA. ARREST WARRANT. ' COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,} ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, TO-WI'f: ~-~-~-~~ To__ WHERF;AS,------~-~---------------------------------------------of a CTJ'rl'f'arhie of said County: the said county, 1/Jrf~---- -~ complaint and info,mation on oath hefoce me, __ has this day made Jnstice of the said county, that ----I~ --a r/4, __________ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ of the said county, 4_--:-__~_-_ --~------··----------------------· 190.0 .. :, in the said .. ---'---"C'-7~"'----. on the-------/__z_ ____ ---------day of_____ county, did 1- These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth and hring before me. or some other Justice to answer the said complaint, to appear --~CkyA. and give evidence Given under of the said County, and to be farther ~~--A.&.~.~~-- dealt you fo.thwith the body of the sai<l with according in behalf of the Commonwealth, Ir - to command to law. to apprehend -----d__~____ O.~.~ And yon are required to summon ---0.c~~.?. --·~.4A-::-~----------------------··--·······---------------·--··· my han<l and seal this __..,ei.1 -- of Virginia, on the examination day oL~-----· ~:lfk'--j=~ touching the said offence . ~ __ -- --------.in the year 190.-6 .. :J_P [SEAL.] �Common11·Paltl1 1•g_ Arrest Warran_t. } Execiiff'd by orrestinJf thP u·ithi11 nnrl 11•r11Tr111t d,eliPeri,ng the bod !I of'. ____ ____ bef'ore ________ _________________________________ _ rr Jiistice ancl, by numNl of' Rocki,nJfhr11n summoning 11•ih1PSSt'S the in pPrson, Uonntu wdliin this -- ------------/,90 _ Constable of Rockingltam County. �1 'l tte News-LtegisteJ~ Co.,'- --=cRPO:b_,N\ Harrisonburg, Va. \v - '· ---~---=- ===========-:=-='---'=-"-'--"== Yo~·e - to summon __________________________________________________ i7;--------------------------- he,·eby cmnmancled ~,,p~ .· ------------------------,---&---~~---4!---~--~-~(u,_l__~ to,.ppear. before a Ju,tice ,n,k.:;,,".'':?; the ________ _J__ __ 7~ _____ '1(~~--------------PF;_-[J?~------on ... /)_.~ of .................... , 190J .,7:.0 te,/if'y and t,he t=th tu ,ay on behalf of ·------~6~----f~-·-------.------------------------------------------------------------------------.---------in a certain m,atter of controversy in snid Court depending and u,ndetenninecl, -~ h!.~-!--~-~--_-..,(__p ____ day of between __ -...__ ~-----------~------- ~,Jtf~~mi-:: ~~:rth!:~; £100. And have then and there this Writ. "} ~''?J."-·~J. '~··· day ofjJ'-~-----------------, ==---====-c:=·---=•······· Q__ ................ , ti:. Ju,,tice of the Peace, tk ..L.6.. 190 __ 7-__ : rr,nd in the 12_7-th year of the Cmnm,onwenlth. k.J,~J p �(!~~~ ~f~~ ~t'£~~. ()~ C/i#✓,~ 0~ J1J#, Y. :;, ~ IP~, ~ /7,/JJl'lf# �COMMONWEALTHOF VIRGINIA, } TO-WIT: ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, c~ ~ To ___ ,______ --- - ----------------__ ,, r 7 __ ~_ -----------------·----------------------, a...._Co1~ of sa£d County: WHERTTAS,____ £_ ,_ ,._ ___ ) •-----------------,<-~-~---:_____________________________________________________________ :_____ of the said county, has this day made complaint --------------L an l information /~_r __ ,_f.~ ____ !________________ a Justice on oath before me,. ____ J _____ of the said county, that ttz. ,I? J ___ UP ~_________ ttA.t:.p{, __________ l ,,(,, ~--------------~~ -~------~r:.~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /l __ of the said county, on the ________ '!!_:,_ _______ day 0LF~---------------------------------------------19o____ "S_7'tn the said county, did ----~Lu.£~ __ L'~---r--,puJ.~~---~-~-~----~--b.e,,_{4«~---~-~ ,_"Z,f__ "'-'- ,. II 6.-' .u._ - . r.:_1..µ.. _______ A.IU-_~ ,j ________ , _________t:rvA-e.. ~ ~~fr ;L.~i.~.·· These are therefore, , ~ff ~ .. ··~,......... ·..·... ·· ~- in the name of the Commonwealth and bring before me, or some other Justice trt.~~- _________________________ ~e~----~r---~----~ of Virginia, of the said County, ' , ___ LJ'L , _ ___J,«,-~ &.~~~~ . to command you forthwith to apprehend the body of the said------~--~-- ur-;-___ k~~ ~------------------------------------------------..--------------------------------------- -L __ to answer the said complaint, to appear and give evidence Given under and to be farther dealt with according in behalf of the Commonwealth, :1__ ~__ day my hand and seal this _________ / ____ REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA to law. And--you are required te sum-1Hef1 on the examination touching oL ______ iz~-------------------------in ~ the said offence. the year 190 _____ ,:- ------------------------------~--1-'---rff_~9 ______ 2_____________ J. P. [SEAL.] �ComnwnweaUli ~ Arrest vs. Warrant. -~ Executed ~~ I 'I ' t ~ !~ ~¼ 'It i ( ..... ~ "ol warrant . ._,g14 v-:~z.~/4 __________ by arresting .. , the within r,,nil delivering the &_£k,_~---- bodv of ~of 1--~---------Roclcingharn Cou,ntv before <i Justice nnd nameil b!J summoning witnesses in ..L,fJ ____ dav of'__~~-lDO the within person, this __ f2,., ------~~--Ja~J. ______ .J. Constable of Rockinglia111 ·county. �����Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated. tN0 f · 35. [Code, J Hurst & Company, Indictment. §~3989, 3999, ,1000, 4011, 4045; Hurst·s Guide l Pulaski & Manual. City, Va. pp. 537 (3), 5,10-5, 5-16, 617-18.] l'Oft\ft\lO>t\l\f(~allt~of 'f'i1tgiqia, ~ COD'N11 Y OF..... ~_:___ L, • ~~ ....................................................... IN THE ~~.CO[/RJ. 1 OF SAID , TO-HIT: COUJ{TY: 17zeJurors of tlte Commonu;ealt!t of T'irginia,in a1zd for tlze body of t!te Cou77t!J of ~~ ......... ........... ~ ....... _....... ................... , a1Ld1zowattefldiflg tlze said Cottrtat it~ f .........Jenn, in tlzeyear 1 D ./_"'., upolltlzeir oatlzspresent tlzat ······················· l/pon the evidenceof At..f ~'li~ ..L ····--·-- ···••·••········ ································--·--·······•··•··········· . ~f:;/::1?))::::;:!~s::~ /)~ Court and sent to tlze Grand Jury to give evidence. . . ....... , Clerk. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Charles Beach Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001_004_049 Beach Meyerhoeffer https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_010_305-commonwealth-v-central-dean.pdf 16a6f582aa4ac1075850bc48d141194f PDF Text Text f • •• L.H.BRUCE: f:-UITO"I • - 1,,.1 <J'--v\ ) j,_ J. ""' -~ -- ' '<....-zAA/ <.- ,J. I ,n;L,_,.,f' ~ (,,'), L ~.,,._..V{._ , 7 I I- I vi.: I .... I .:, - • 'J' �' • • �I • VI RGI NIA--County of Rockingham, To-wot: T11l!u• r'krk <{ llt,• • I, \,:"}If~'--<- Y /111• 1'lli(/ h,:nzf{/ (....1,,,1 dug Jilt/ hand raui .... ·eul llli.'I ,7-;,,~ ~.-, day of .,_ .,. , fi,'-/ ~ J!Jti/ <2 7- ✓ ~ ~-t? t:fren lM.dn· ol / ~ -4.,-- ,J)-<-e__ 11 1 ~-- h,_,<_ �• • �• •• ' • - rnS!:'fillC't!Oll !Io "--- ~h• Jury tha~ when. upon a cba?ge of The co\ll"~ 1nstruot• murder. ,he 8T1de~ee is who1ly CireU!'!STaJl\ial. ¢~ 1& the ease the absence of all evidinoo o! &n induo1ng cause o? motive oo,am1t the oftonse affords chargod, t1on of i=ooenco. • of 1 teelf a strong bare, bo pre,iUlllp- �•• ' • ' • • • • �-fi:.,e~ ..,,,F. <l••f hAH, Wc.fltlw /1/'• a4V /4. ~ ,., ....{ • ... k,dr -- -~ • r ¥ Li,c"' "' # ':ff r Jrnd.~..,.. -;:~. E ..µ-..1 _,, .. tic.II .,._,.., .,_ • ��Th~ Conrt In ch1a c2~e aat!lbll ie !lCt ilh tho ~act o1'1druloe tbe t l!onry fo re tho7 con oonviet b1':; ond th• t joey the t.>te tndi<lt::ient ,y th -' and cloo co be "®.lli~orad Jonrt the •o~u8od (l) tolls further the Jury th t ba- tho Co=•,,..lth !bot l!~:U, a,s1; i,to're l)e~n ...... illtentiQll Z;O Pl"ltt0, lc111eci b;' c<nse, f , ;.... 21....._,-~. ' u~asod •es the peri,cr: a..,.,-,/ ~a,-.,(~~ w,.A nd th.llt h1a <le• th wna not cl.n~ to ao~o other .nd (P,) tt, t t_.. ' not D~o.n w•a i::n,:rde:rod. nd the l"OJIIIO!l'!blo doul>t; ll inatraota rho .11-•4 a,i¥., .. , ~· him_,- 14' �7 • • • • • �• " '• • IIIS'~RUC1'I0'!1 110. /3 ~he Court inatr>1ots the Ju.r; the.. tre the ccc~sed • to be innocent ho ie proven eu1lty _,,t1l l""' )lr•sumes beyond a :reasonable d.oubt, and U' Ll:ere is ~po. the o ind• or: tne ~ury ru,y roe.eonable t'oil.' doubt do~y to &.cqiL!t ha, ot l:.ts euilt, it suft1cien~ LDd that bo•-ev~r stro:ir it o!: tl:e aoet>.sed, tue law IOfl.kes J.t of tb~ .;u1lt the gr $tor ts bis «uilt thool'y, not su.~1eien• wetr,tt support11 th,, o ,ari:,, in t e indi !:ro·H?Jrs Caee, \lith 9? Va. 792. or p,..obabillt;r to eonYi..et,, nor 11 :1\"'propocdol'allae t,...nt, nust be prcvod eo olearl7 consistent """ euap1e1on ~t tQ~t to ~a.:rrant there or ev1docoo is oo ,n tet1on 1, no r¾PEona.tle th~ evir.t.ence, upon Which e on.n be innoocnt. �' •• • • • • • , • �' •• .. rrs~u:n"' ,:-he ~01.1..!'t inetruets the Co~nwea.l!:h conv1et o• ,n doubt as t the aaouaed as~ rich ~oubt an a rtasocnble id, the~ tre ibler's ::1 ~ a:-stn.t:.ctll.c.e-ees~ whntevc , =~ ia, •tnat ■ tote the~ have sn.v tells of the jcr;; of ~he oa~e, 1Yt1ch arter thay OMI:O'!,se, to B morel certa!nt:, Ceee ¾ Va. 813. to eonvtot ot ~he tn;.~ tl!Jl,t tho ot to: that tho entire or e.ll of the evidHnce ... ee.vcs thf! in Chat cond 1 tion tr.at cotvici1on if to bol.Uld to g1vt tim. ~he ter.ofi~ Iind him no~ ,.~11;7 and tho ·o~r; coi::l_par1son.end oot1siders.tion an a~id..itl oft•nae OJ e.n; fao, or olroW11sof>.Ilce neoesaary ~rea doubt, or tho Juror:: C ----- tho ,w•;r. tt a-:. t,he bu.rdon 1 .. upon to prove ev-,ey faot tne ,ccused rea•onable liO. tnds f&el ge. �•• • • • • C • • • • • • �• • I 8TROCTlOJI l'-o The oourt deliberate, the l.nstruote to Lbe aot!a1 the Jur1 •lwl •ll4 pr=ed.itattd. 1n-tont1on ebould exist lcilli.ng; ahou.ld h&Ta oollt into auoh k1111n&, or a~ • • it a willru.l, lc1111:ne, 11' 1a no1' necealll<ry tor all1 p&l'tioulnr 1• on~ neoeaaa17 ~•tenoo t.ny to oonatitute ror I.he first ~i~e provioUllly • t.!1'1.t lellGllh o:C tillo tllat prior aucb inteni1on time at the •lmc ot �• �Il,STRITCTlO!i 1,0. r~• ;u:r7 are lnat.rn.ci•d doub1. o.e mo,r be honestly a~an~ial not und roasonabl;t entertained. ~oubt Je eu.oh c as t.o acy sub- "~ _rrove he o!fe ,,_,,. ~C✓-1 .19-v,~, a? oiust be based upon ,he evldelfe•~ 1denee., or e:.rows out o:r oe llll arbl1trar:, oe serious thtl.t a reaso~~ble ~ 11.a.-~e!"tal .:'"not.esae1..1.-ie.l l\e<C!lOn&.bledoubt •d b:; the f douot, and 3ubsta:nt1~1 a !oul>t or i,,:,tarial t,o 1'.111d a. ver,l1ct .e e.1' a.e"tce, or t.hnt 1• su,;e;eot.t.;s wl 1.oout ov1d&lloe to tu.stc1, in order _ ,ct or lliete of oor1viction, Lo warrant necee~ary an~ not or Pe c:11irc;ed.. .Lt • i tl an ac~ulotal. ro r th• ~ mz:'" 1, must !t ,u,t Jury Lo believe imrtater~al and ?lOn-ee~e!"tie.l. �l • • • j L ..J • �( o "t e wltnosees law la ....-Ite!>c• to '1ro that, Cl·3 WiL:>eB O or t:\GI> oU>.ar, o.tot1o to Le a quea 101: exolu ~ .d.--e aa ot=llJ' II tu Lit. 'b-..!anoe4, or tho Ule:,, tt,t rnr 1 \ It !Uerun :lt tl I.D la Ule 4u~ II to 1 t ea~ea a entl tlo4 to. , II r1; o:r 00 .~r - o,:fllc! a J:u-; 1 not · o ST!,le.!lce £or "; .asalTOe e tastimon,ate'1UBS 1vel ro ,.r4 t • o!' t.e J.ye !Ille J,iron el It t:.rul.or '1ll t~• �• • • • • �n;sTRUCTION No. The Court guilt oy circomntantinl eatnoLinhed stra.~1 •• iho Jury too, 1mtruotn ertdenoe l tlJAi; t.he tacts to proor of and circ 1':lctlu,cea should produce on she minds of the Jurr acaolute e.nd demon- ce!"-ts.._<rtty, bu--; it 1 s sa.;..;. .i..c:!en 1'! :..hc7 I ro-.du.ce moral ot the oommisston of th& ottenee doubt. 1~ 1s not esaential olmrse4, so the exclunlon c:e.·ta1Lt7 of renaoMble �r • • • • L • �' '• ' 1.11oraucr1orr .:.o / ?ho coiu-t instructs deliberate, the JWT .hl<t to const1tuto and pre~e41tatod the intent1on should exist to she act!al Jtil-!ng; should have 8\l.ch killing, ~ome into v. it kill1n;;, •xistonce or at aey oi it ia not necaesuy for aey particular it or:J.y neoess&l'J' ror a rillt'J.l, length ti:.... oi t1~e prior such inte,,tio, ..no fl t'St tl.:,:e at pr8v1ouoly. I.ha: tho •1me o:f �- • • ��• L �' • •• \ I ~ '<!er 111 tt,e u:,law1'\cl killifl ..tar t o =d It, ..,,, ia a1stln r ln Uuo 11r::i\ degroo 1 or o.no ; er poi·~OQ 11.ll tll11oo cd o:, tie law or lir: 1 1,i n• anll. 1T.irdor in U.o eoooruJ. Clo ree. �- --, \ aettw • *"' ANl6\! •IOlasff 'I 11M 'ID 9tr.m 111 ll&l • '¢ ~ M•,_, .. t,J!, I at A ,,.._ «, 111IJII •nCE1J I l �' ~Ol"/ 1Jl boo1c1da in 11rt1nia o seoo d dtSN•• la otl5r 1,a pr.tm to e1n •ti. i!l ie l" to bo murdor ~!enoe to l:IIU'der in U:o t1r \ dc.;;reo, ~le bu.rllen of ro-oor in o tho Conno eal th, a mooto auwla• pro or 10 11114to re<! .!: on r. ho ,ri o o t r, U;e burdon o �n- l ..., • I It. 10 • • �.3 ~lo J11r;, """ lnntrc,o\o kill1 l):Nnellitatod mur<:or l i1t 1 1Nrde,- tl.a aooonA d~eo alico, b t ot \hat 1 I ll.t'\ll.17, on;r 11lJl:'Ul, In U o irat \t.e • 1,.wr,;1 dcl.ib ra.te~•, 11bor3te, roo, 1ll1 IUld o! an4 tl.ot e.n. r &n~ p1•ellAoalt.Atolll;;. n �7 ._ ._., ~• .. ,, .... ,»b: : rtl.11 ,,_.. .,_ •• 11" -- a,l l■Nzd Ill UI Jftlt ,__.,_ ... • Au ,\IW.,,.1119 ■l I lll!lttt:' ■I N&at• IIIN• • r llll9I ., .. j. t.t;;;.:;,.;.J1_;...;~...::::2=':'"'!{~#!!&~Il!IIIIBl:l!Sl!INlll\ljtlo,,.,niats-11:.1 --➔ -·,.1,...ct"""-•.Ic..,zsa,..:;;}:~-.;.,...;,_••-•"'e_,..,.. �'I 'fl• oout"t 1natrl1Bt felorJ.oual;r \ha all4 W\lawtull:·, is d1T1ded into t= Jur;; ~at ria=lall{.btor but w1 tho"t mull co, io ,:t 01. .t:illG ano 0 ki!l;. 10 Tolun~r. 0 t 1100, tddon ·Lter. 111toh na deflntd; tt o d.letino Uon between ul.a ::or ia qu~ool, tn Uie 1 an.t 01 ll$~:1A Al!OU n<\ l.oo, In or~ r,~ 1:1UJ'dornna 1 er wltl:- tut it 1e not or ln. hoot of blood. lob o:- lJTlon a\lddon (lU&rrol, ~ to ba o, it cu oxiatent 111!.llsl.ll" or -t Lor. ;en ooo in t e per~onm.nce o! anotl or b:, aooinent. or; cl.llanos: o! o• t ""11oe in a 011 t • e1; done Itt- ant. <>t mllcc Invol.untnr.; la r.uw- Jl... rful. ac\ 1:J.l.lli �• .- ■l ...rs••·- al- ut41, ,•ol(M &Ubl , ... I....U.l1t ~ • Ml _,_,.., ---••11111• .~ nl I ! • -eis .... ,lwruo., W - r•tl • 11 ,M 1111 r, ,.&ooU ._ I.Md odl Ill _.1uN • °' e, ._. .__,.. • • I l aJ: ,~a14» 1D It•••••• an,.., lll ee(w ..,_ tlM • II t .IPIOA U �Il!S'l'!!OCTIOrl t:O On the ehfu'£• or ,mrder, o! lt1ll.1n.,. t,en tl:e k1ll1n6 olroWll te.neea or i,a1-1t'1e.i1on, - ._:2_ Qllca 1a le ~r'OYed ax:d tl:o burden 1 pr••=•d~unaccoo:p,rniod of cU1prov1n;; tl:e not ·.vitt, tj,e ,ntliee �- • ?C41S �'J ... • .t 1,. • r ;r;d· ••t._lAI. (1~-'lt~ /fu ~V- (>l"'",u a,, T .... ,,ft.t,..., ,,,_,, 4°' t J 'f.•>1&.. t,t''-;) c.1. .. - ~ L •/, /C.t.4- 1/ ••<-P-•••' ,-,,/~,.., /',.,-,.,.,/ r , '_,/• .._. d "1, ?./~u~-,.,t/ • , • ,,~, l';J.d,~-. ,,..,(.;1,..4--- ,..,, P I "' , l •h• t:--/o I .jl.U • ,-.._ ,.,,......~ ,,._,1, I .., >I /..; ~,, "\ :/ r(.. , r; du- _:4.cr .i"""_..,,.f l~"r.~ [rl ..Lr t; t t .i.,. 'f -rt. ~ 4,,, .;i;-(f,...• .. r,,, wlU, I( h ,_.,\J.. ,._,, • r ' j ; t "~ ,.~ I ,t "I .:;.·~ ~.. -,,j,,,., ,( l ~_, j.11 '"I.t, it I. "i. , .• , . t[ ,I I. c ..-4,-.....-.v,,.,,, t ~- 7f,,._,-. ..,._, l ;· 1~.A .....,.._, ~'-•,,. '.°7: . / ,.,,...,,_, /,{., 11•<- I 7/(I .f.-y ~ .tna>•:...,,✓ ,,....,./ ,z,..t.,-,,d c/ - �• • �• 'l'be Jur7 • .,. in.tl"Dot•4 p..-.au•d ,..,,o,..b!e o.t tho he u•lle4 to be 1onooent dooltt, o"""°naeolth UJlOD un~il hi■ Soilt ad h• 1 ■ oot to point to Yindi~•t• l•l,.147 10 ...-917 ll.t-q9l th•t 111 oataol1abed to ~ proJadloed to •ny other the ••~ua•d 11!1 tayo11d • b7 the La.~bllit7 url.11111 l ,,gent, nor ht.a Olll l.nnuoano, b; ll \:l1n tbe ill euilt7 �I ���COJS!Offl" ~.A.L':'li l V CJIAROETO Till!: JURY CE!l7jU£ Ds.AR ,ou !ind I! tLe aocu&od, Central .Deatt, no1: sut_!ty, ;ou will say so anR no more. It ,ou ti nd him KUilty charged □ent io tho 111diatr.ie111;, tben wLth death, not less It you do not tho indictr.1ont, then •< in conl:i l/'Oll io no; of murder in the !1 r" se.y oo and !ix a period his le 0 ree, 4r 6 od !n the seo<>nd degree as find voluntary canalaugr.ter not looa Il ttan volu.ntar:, hla chJlr,;od punis~.ment 1n tbe ol,arged l)U~_:mment of not lese 1n by tl:an in Jail fine exot>edin,, tim ;:u1li;:, indiotment, as oha.rged ~Ive for a period one t.housand not of then you ,rill 1n t!:o pen.itentiart tor yea?'&, ot eit.her out find therein, 1n th• years. in tJ • f1-rot him ,;ul.lty iudictmen~. by oo,it1.aoent five murdar flnd but in the at oon:finement 1ore than !inement not find oanelau;;j,ter .~ nor than deeroo, one no,:, more than you do not as gs b1o punishr.ient say so 8Jld fix ot either h,._,,, l,"llilty or murder in the seoo1d degree tix life year~. twanty p•n1 ~•n• 1a.ry f•r -• for pwtish- nor more than tlr&nty years. I eaid, you will hto in the ponitentlary him 1tuil.ty or mn.rder him r,u1-lt1 tlnd five find t~nn as degree, se,;, so and fix you will or by oontlnement or for any ten but or murdo" 1n tl.o firsi or, yr_ •111 penitentiary for in ¥Our 41aCretioo, twelve or both, a:1'ore- ot 1n- him l'.Ullty ,hen exoeedine dollars, or 1:!:e !elon1e• eay so a:,d not loos by eon- mon,hs, or by n �Coawaon,,eeJ.th v) Central. Detlll Cbarg• to tno J\try • • �'I.'lGI IA, !!oo~insta:i Connty. tn the Cl!'Onit Court to\l"I t: of eaid Oounty: bod., of tt,o ~ount, or Rock in~• am and attMdin;, o,,-t., t nt Central •reeant then r 'hie trere beln.; lr, e•lJ efortnougt.t. alioe j)een w1,l; a cert en Joan a leaden Ccunty, l ten :elonoµsl.1, •111!.;;lle:-e whloh ••-Id pt1•01 1:ta malice 11~or•~bo l:t. an" upon she 8'\ld _,nr,1ean; t!A l a",>re den ht:llot •1, fully sta and of his ..ellae o:r-re Afar&tCUofJ:;. nenr:,, ~oe.n tl:e.n o.nd the.re Nld eo BB atoree~ld llf.1d :nor~al ~iaohar&~d woun~. And the pre ent e.to-:re 1d in ae.ete-t.1~ clld •trtke, and thougti. and :t.!! fi=lov atoa••"ld did kill en1 mur<ler thl •aid ,1,o 17 1 e"orr.esld. •ound ou~ O' ':'lh!~~ Co:..,ion l'th. died. do turtber and ->rt •"ilftill;y Ill ding. an.1 ccr4er abo,t\ng etr nnd .e:'.o--ee cl :o , pon th~l.r oatl,o nfor• •sld .:Jenn. JB.U"eeBnow find 'lool.m •llfull7 nod on tlD df\T ead 7ear oou!l11~llng, !'elooouel:,,. ot bullet onG mor~sl Q"'ore:s.alu • .telo.noa re a: reeald. di -,l")' leaden and l!.al~01.m Leorl07, Deen, ro10,o·.:.11ly. :e he,,.a ot 0-•tl,e a~oroee.td :io llnd oommlt, and eo lho Jnrore lilentr"'l t rr.:un opon ti-elr onp-.ht, •uere ~reeen,, ent:,ol ncr.o~-rate eforoee.id, 'the •aM ~ent.ral do 8!17 tbat aid tr.en ar>l. there tho ~aunty t1ill1o~ a!'orotl cf tto I!enr;, Dean, ~e.::i~, Sn w. st ~ o~~ end ahot • ain&t then al'Jd I ore tte and l Lean ,rtth eatd e, the ji,rore wtth oowier Do•n tten ·J n~t -ctetol wo!lr.4 U:e en1<1 • 17 !Jea1> tn and upon tl:f! tre ,.,n ;!entrs.l Wil"vl.l7 .and; o'!' mld •~ 61ld ehO\ o!f eo 1tforee1tid. Deen. otacbAr t ea!d :,,rf'eci •1th Q Ill ~I,. urJi of and llhoot o~• ... ,. o!ld I.hat 11 out and felonoee1y, did die,:ha·.oe uoon thel.r wilfully, eo.14 IJentral hrd end )';ftld N:ld then aoo th?re \Ltte oourt, i~y of October 8th. ditl mato •n ""••t:lt. In p!et ooll•t. on th• eaid the on P.err, o' Deen l!eti.eley 1-n anner ._ :e1:- nl1e•" A •nai o::-~- tt.e •~•o• �1 �• • • COJJJlO r L:'11 .-. " Tho detenQJl.nt;, by eoun.s, 1, move£ tho CO\trt. ;o uo t,, es!ie <t:,o Terdlct 1n ::Lle e e on Yte !ollow1z; · gro.nds: (l l Beem.we LJ-.ocor_paa deleoti l2) Beoaaee tte ve!'ii.ioi or the Ju.r11• cor.trar~ Bece.aao t!io verdict (3) to aapvort evidenoo ( ) certa1. Beeaceo evt:lence ban not heen 1>roven. of the J11r1 1• "ithouL it. o: the re!wtal or l\0N1toro1·e ofCer•d the Court to "4::lt d·u-1, , the trial the "\00·1aod, naid rmtuao.1 beinP,' duly exc6rted r-ea..sona act a.t tho til!le (C) fortl ,.e.ld flU.O tlono to, b:, tor the \'.ere )>;"'O'OO .nded .. BocaUBP. ot the aruo1 eior. of otrtotn ev1d•nco tende-r(:t\ on beh.o.l.t' o:t tb9 CornnC)tJ.~·,calth,r..nci recetv,id obJeetton anl ~ of the accused, exception~ beinc dnly ...t..e'.,.t"'•"l<-.'.:l""'Z,....,~"'"8•re>fo-:over-r--l.d. J. 7 to -..:;.,,.1.,,.J:-) , tr_ren o"---r r thei thereto, �r �-----,:: CllmuI. lllil lAIOl:SSII01r - ·• IU.LCOLIi liDISLll ·>=)'-• • - - u.J9-V, l �~ ~ .e},I-~,. f... ' /I ./.) )ya 'I ~ '),1,Jj, 1,,,....:,... •:I ,/-7...,. !- ....t-r ~ 1-- , ' . t .. ..-.f 1'..lr.'....-.~ ~ ~ I T . . ). .,.-.r,L ,, ,A., ~;,a 1 ..-;,,.,11• .u+/,µ.,(_, jiy.<cc\, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1928 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Central Dean Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_010_305 Dean Hensley Snow https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_161-commonwealth-v-carson-fitzwater.pdf 08646b32d0ea8733591882443cd1be51 PDF Text Text If c..~ ·,/. 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Jo ,4~ Lr tJV .S'D I{ IJ () J ,-a I ' ,,...., t) (;. t; (J .,,.-I 4~~ 'i,.., ~ JC--v _.i _,J ~ r'- �• •• •• ...• ,..n,..,..,,., H• I_ ,_, •" ~• I • ~ c,( I.be !aiJ countr. un JUcUtt of ..ht .said oou.c;.y, 1bat t~ • Tb~ ~Iii.' rm. w tbe uat:111 o4 I.ht' Cotu100iu111u.!tbof \'1rr,i-hna. I•\ CNtun,nd th"a::,r f~ wt, " r. c.,r ~.l:IJ,e t•J •n~l\cf tbc "~td~V:.rnt othtt Jlll-t1f't of tJli! w11J t...'o:m1y.1hr budy oftlk Mid . er,t , .. be fa"taa dnlt with ~nlia, 1o1 l.111,, \'OO .lortllw~th t» ~!'jltdi.-nc! ~#it~ \n,J yu·J on: rtqutn:d to 5am:non IL·,l,1yof c, ':U.JJ J J P. [sn.\T.. J �• •• •• • 'J. l!:J) ~J b. H L.E, MARTZ, CLBRX. 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W. E. F'MIRNEY ••• 02A.l.R.R Dt-uic: o1nd~n.::r.if l'• M.!tclu11d.c:c I _{ - l I t • , ., It ' / 1 l ..· ~ ~ v t l , "r• , /l ••--' (.._ -,·.... 'r •1- ,,_' ' ._ '\.,. ( - ''r , , ' -..L ~---- �• ' • ' �L. .. • • • ' • l ,, , • • ( • < .2 �• Ct~ I 1~ I t4 i:/ I; /ru.J'~ ~ ~ / -f ".e~ ~ ,, c..., "........_ /7 ai.~ 19- 1 ", /t ()--~ I ,.__, ~.,._.,? / ~ - .:;;/ / .-.J /t ;!.,....)/ ~- / /// / ,._,. / / /r- ·7 7 A. -.. ''7 ~ a" ~0th, - 7;:, , 4 R- ,( / ·£ A' -/ 2-1.n·{ (;; -# ,e--- / V ') C. h , ,, - / / /. ., I. ,....._ #4,,, ~7 / ~/t• - /. A-,.:/ a-....-.A~· /y/r' / y t. • ' ' 7;,._,..' b-c.----. /.J. f" • ., �• ,. ll5,!f ~reoumea tJ:at th• ao~uoed 1n innooent of the offeno• chHrged against him in tho !nd1ott..., t - t-i/ -, ..._ ..._ Cl , Y° ~.,. ,l;..-,w#-,4t'- I meet ~Mt~ t ~his pr• =~tion 100F with th nocueed thron£)i tlt• ontire 1 e>:4 •rrlies ~rial, at every et 3• of t, bll shed toyond evoey ro,solltlbl• in aooused, s•!ll oa•• are instructed f'repondernno4 it loris o-f the eTidenoe !or 18 it s!lfficiont mont: dut; d'U!ficie~t when ail is no rea•onablt theory Inatrnotinn to 1natr110te JTOV& eTery c,_ffonao \flult~oe,er. the jury: ! .ct nee - oo=t tho Jurr o"' t~e telle c t. ,~ !oh li!o. That • ry ~ho aoc~sed :,.0:ne!.. t o! +· th~t o= the aoo 8&d " oomiotl rr<.ut n of end so oonclus- u~on which he o~n be innocent eae&·er ,,. BllC,,. th, the 6.!)C~&ad {Jf ~ ea efores~!d, Lht t by a reasont1ble .fter !22. burcle:n 1• upon the ;c:,r on- ~a oc,a1ct a"'nlbt and ft.gs z. Lim 1:1' .t;hey have liey ro,aonablo f&ot neoesa TY to 00_11ot to giY'e hl• tower- ter Teight 80 ole~rl,r 'P1et:h1:n • 1 1'0 l th. ~ tho of tho o •• 1a con lderea totatber. o! the evidence , The oonrt ufficient m-obabl• e gU'lt7 1~•11 th t there ior tho the •l., og: t.Sons of th& 1n~ict- 1t is nor th&' him. the of tl".~ =hl.• do~tt to acquit th t th svN,orts: th~t of tho guilt are not •1:: n 1 t l fy yull they 'tolieve hor~nd a ru tt,blish mere pro~abilitiea thet z nt ~ ~~ T1ct1 n: i e of tho o.ecueod, then 1t ie their guilt jury to 2. the rrob· bility 4o,.onstrata8 it f ils i~ ~o. Thst oven if ina~T"Uota tho Jury: •hf• ov1denco 1a ••- doubt. Inatruotio~ The-court u,:,tll hi& £"'llt the """ .:r.~hia doubt doubt ae to cny theJ ~~~ ~c ~nd not gu_i1t:,t ie mtont, "<:!Ju.t t.he •nt1.'!"e oom..,e.rlton and Qon31de~:ition a:et t!le •t!lte of all �•• • • . • • • • • • • • • • • l • , • �•• • the:; oonnot eay they of the t-ruth of the feel an 11bi41ng oor.viotion to a mor l aerts 1.nty ah•rg■". Inetruotion Tho oonrt inptriote no. 4. 'Cl.a J11.r7: fhat if~ er i~ any re1 #/~-- the Ol"f arising tut o,it of tho evldonoe the aacueed oo=itted indiotm~nt, t~on ~h• aoo~••4 the r•~ given 1:i. thi~ o· •• '='-;,:I: on Lissie le ent'tl•d r.u..ble /J'....:a-- the tl100:r;v XmlPt a. oi:u<rgo4 1n the to the bonetit of auoh ti:eo>7. �• •• • • • • • �•• • -1-eo/-,,-,...,( 1,.,t._ ') ,: _,. ~( �•• • �• The COL.rt instr•cL~ nuff'ic:1enL er.nuld "'rlental er by .rr~v"ri ti and 'f _., Lh&t alt.hough to know what. sho "ll& eoneidtit-1ng they ~ay bell~v" dotnr;, thflf' nr a :-111c ..... 1nt..~raoura,. ,rft.~ t•.,r, Al-1e h~t" intelli- and the cir-cune ..:otnoeB r;anor,d ly of t.he o~u~o, b.r r,a_kinJ! out- :'lHcb ,. r 1tc t by ,. ,:- ohy!l 1C" l strength, tht" l!\CCJS'uee!dnot R jury L.h~ utter~ost, al:& did not. do U~ia, muoL f'ind •I to t.ri bt'lvi- Cf!rrtil any !!tlemrt. cry. capao:J ty h&v!) resi:.tt.&d gence 1nd o t.t'engt.h, the but gUJlty cobeent•,i to_~ ,-._~,J of rai}4! £111 A _a_~t, t!"en th&y ,_,.,..,.. th• ))ti; - ��. - • - Jl ~11 u.~JYJ .. ~ 'l(:A-y.,t,,a.ll_ °" ...•'"-a~...:1,1~~ ~ ~~ l ~ k. d.~- ~-_,o.(,( ...,_, ~ 0-,--,...eu,..'-'CL. JI· -~ i;,y-..dL,, ""- 4,t... ~ - ~ ~+4,S11-G~ ~ ~ tlM1 . ~ Ir.,.,,.._~~~~~~~-~ • �•• \ • • , • , • , �•• ,, ' • A... �• • • • • �• • • - , �• •' '• • ' .... • • • • >-> '~- - ~ .. c)~ 0- "·'\ l,~ • • ~~ ~ ' ,. • ... • ,, • • ' \ \ \ • • • �..'. .• . ~..-t,,,...,;-f,l...,,._.L_L,-• ~ #,(I - ~-J .. -.~ )• --. h,.,. C, ",,_s; ..J'J ,. .., I"-..,.,,. J4-~ ---<,,:;.1,.,~,1...,, ~ ~:d;; ,.... 11.."'-f, -~-,...., L.17..._:..~4. -r , .I ""- <' ,. , ._"" ,.,J, ~? "' ~l I' .. .1... t.rJ ,t,.,., 4. ~ ,.- ("'£ ' .('~J' Tt., -v- ' 11·,J .J h.., ,r 4-.. • ,::o.~"J ' /3-..Z ~ /. ~-!..c # , ,e._,----,,.._,.. ✓-..~.., t~..;/ f ~ ~'.✓ ~. . ...,..,.,., r--t~ I II., I.'/'; -~ d,,..:.rJ.Tf::.L.:("/;, -~ .. ,;Ja... A / ti,~ • ,__ ' L~~...;, 1,-..L., • • r. I • ,, \ • ' tfa. fl I, ,t 9,.4 ..,·>--~ ,., • ' !..<.c.,i,,., I , 1 .., Q,._ ,I' , (,)I ~~# ,, ) ,,.;J-f' • €1.... -.... r - 1 ,~.... 7,.,_._L,,_,lT ,<l ..... , ...,,'\-'h,,,,, ' ) i.-,._ 1,,.{4 ~ I ~ I~-.... " /'-L-,..~ ,._r. I ~ t-~~ ~' ,,_ -?A-. ';-t.,-:7...:L, - o.e ..,..~/w,,..."'..J ...~ furr;I/,_,_i~ u... /...:,..,._,t.J'I..;✓, <- /, .., .. ::~Ii... /-,i 11_~ ........ , ':~ ...,,_,,.. ("_.,..&, /,.,~. .. ✓--J ~ «f,.:.. ,t4. :4: /3,.,,,~, ~t! , . _) , ,,....,_, ,:;, 1.C,,..,....,.,.v-t .... • ~, cell~...,,:.,, t. -t...~ 'h........, 7"-.~ . 4-, �.. . •• • It..,, - • �,,''' I. , /';: • • • ?r,_,, l,: I, ; c,. ·- ;_]: •v .t. -<-7 ,1/J •"'/ ,,._ .1 /- ..... '1' t.. ✓-~ .--) .... /.,,, y_? P' ... /.._, ._'-I fJ_, ,4_,_ ';I ..., ..._ .... ;.'o fi., j._,#-"'c"-..~ ~._ i?. ,1, - - ? 1~ ... ~ .Z: /;; ~~~ I.. .I - / �• ...,.....__,,__ I •f 7 I.., I-·-~ • I- L,, /. , 4-c.,. r c~,-"=•'7'✓ d.,...J ... r.. '""'#' I />...!.,,;.; ~ ,,., /I, 'o c,......./ l, 'l· • 4- /2 ";,( t..e_,''1 I, . 'I r:,,,__.I.. I I• ..,_,,, ,..~. '- I.i... ,..,~ ~ 1~I•;....... :..s• t,.,. (' •• ~ Jj '). (l l ..: lv, ~·r --:> _... l.,,1-::.t'i. , el~ t~.. I') / , l"w ..:. .......,. ,.. " "'' ~-· /\,. •..-. .- I,, ~ ,... I-<·~ S I, r-"' ,.,..,.._,;:; t+ A. t. ...c.:,, ·-' e,_-µL,._ • - - ,,t·-· <.L .. ,., i".,,.,_,,,/. ' """ It, J {,. d-,..., • _ ....... u ,._ ~.... ,,.,,f'-.._ I. (t.,i- ""~ > :...,:t ~ 4. ,._j ,..,_..,I~ t • d)...__. tM~.? It~ f, .,.,.:_. .::-- ,-J .,,.._Ii..., ~ ,, ~-,,, '--" J , ,✓/..,., '"°"l; • .J V ·il'...O_; I~ ,f ,-.. - t,... >..c.l-~ , I '11 ,. ....t., ;, • t,,,..,,t.i; ,7 ,,,.__ '?t, '"h..(.~ 4..-.-----;)t.,,.-c,~_, h 1-..•• ~ /,f."{1-,1 ,;_, /wt,,, ( ~ ,.. - �• j• • .. ��•• Common,vealth of Virginia. COUN1'Y OF 1,tOCKINOHAM, Tc,•wil: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT or SAID COUNTY: �• •• _i .c: _, - (ll ~ > ,.. ... E -8 0 i:: ! 11~ _j .J ~ :) ' c .-, -<, ½ 't -i: -m .. w 'i ~ • ~t' "!, ~ • • •• '.,,_ l f- .. ~ • a: 't I \i-"- ,t. '-. ~. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1910 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Carson Fitzwater Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony rape. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Rape Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_161 Fitzwater Knupp https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_132-commonwealth-v-cap-tams-alias-fred-tams.pdf a10426a01020eb41fd746e1204cc9dd0 PDF Text Text • r • CERTIFICATE VIRGINIA, COUNTY OF OF COMMITMENT FOR TRIAL. ROCKINGHAM---To-w1T: To the Clerk of the Circuit Court of said. County : lJ":7.?, (f7 ~ I, that I have this day committed . , a justice of the peace of said county, do hereby ee,·tif y ~ V~ ... . ... ... . to the jail of said county, that he may be tried before the circnit court of said county, for a felony by him committed, this, that he, on the lYfIt::, day of ~ , 190 ~, in the said county, in ~ ~~~~~~~~ ~/l~t/$ IJ4Ck- !£ ~ u-UL 1 f~ /1. a,-«'.~/~ ~ ·~~d,..~~--~~~~ . ~ ~~J ~ 1-~~ ..P,.~~ Given under my hand and seal, this ....~ ~ ~~~ ... ··••· . 'f llt--day of ... . , 190 [L. S.] ..... �• r • �• r • COMMITMENT VIRGINIA, To .. COUNTY OF TO .~4 ~.~d., '. ..... to com·e>· nml deliver ~ INDICTMENT. ROCKINGHAM---To-w1T: J.'f'~ . ......... ~-i..ic: ~ KeeperoftheJailoi-of: . ' These are, 111 the name ol the Common\\'ealth forthwith ANSWER ~.-, of \ 1rg-1111a,to command inln the custocl>· of the keeper . >·ou, the smcl of said jail, log·ether . .1 d.A~!~~~~ the peace of said count>·· on oath of.. b,· him committed. ~.4:t,,,. c\a,· of .. ~~,__/,... the body of. ..... , ch:wg-ed be- .............................. .~~Z-'l,,'"£,t.::--C:;R.-t in this, that he. the said .. ,.~ . .N..#-. ! ............• \\'ith this warrant, . ..... .,,.,,.., ......L-<"'-"' . __ ... and to the ~. ·~/"·7· .. 1Y~····,·······································-···················· fore me, ... ~. C' .. . lYO. .,nn the ~ . .~ru.--&,. connt,·, of 11·ilh a felon>· ........................... JI'~... ~ in said , a justice .~ ~~/it.-cc~~~~~~~ '~~I~~ "L ~~ef-~IP,7-t VZ-«-ufa:~ ~ r ~Pl? ~ ,&".-~~et \ ~ ~-~~ ~~,~/:A_~ ···-~"rfn~ ....4- ., . . ..... ~ ....... ~ ef~~ --~r-~~~-~~t;j~,,-h:_A~ _-e;- ~ #~'~-v. ~ ,, . ~ .an<l ,·ou, the keeeper of the said jail, are hereby .... required to receive into your jail and custody, . court of said count,·, Given under my hand and seal, this. ~ . .~· ·... tried for the said offence before the by clue course of la\\'. T ~~~~_,re..~~~ ..1/1~-~~ ~ -~ -~........... ,. . 4:- . .... t,,IJ'Yc -~·. ..... . the said that he may be ' and h11n there safeh· keel), until he shall be discharged /. da>· of 190.Y/ ..................... ~ ,/Jt1'USte., J.P. [L. S,] �• r • ; �• ~ " •' i r .... Comtnonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY: The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in and for the booy of the County of Rockingham, ¥~Y. ............................. tenn, in the year 190 ..?., upon their oaths present that. ....................................................................................................... . and now attending the said Court at its .................... 4t,h on the ........................... day APril . , 111 the 0£.. .......................................... 8 . . year 190 ..... , 111 the said County, ~.one. ..gold. ..:r.ing .. or. ..the ...v.alue .o..f .. si, ..·<?.-{'llar-s .. 2.n~ .. :.; ~•.v.e1.ty-:f.i.. e ..ce-nta ~!l.<?: .... ?.:~.Y.f'l:!'~., ..... !9.~.Y~.:i:.t: ....~..1Je:.~~····1· ·<?·f;.~.~ ....:f9.t..... i~J~.... P..~.Yrr,.~P:t ..... Q.f..... dlYt;;rf?.....~.1J.Jn.~ .... 1 , of rr.oney SB.id notr-s in the whole ar:ounting to se\•en dcllars .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ring and bar.k. not.es being the Property -·-······································ ................................................................................................ aggregate value of thirteen payab'.1.-~....!~¥.. and. upon Raid unsa·tisfied N.Mc. cai·tney t.o the said feloniously dollu:r.·s . o~ r. N. W'. N. McCartney, and unlawfully against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth Mc.cartm~ , anc.. of the and se,•er1t -:fi bank ..I1'?~~~, .?.~~~~ the ....................... . vP. ('ents, then ~:11~.~. ~.~~ ~.~.J:'~.. d.:e and frorr, +he per:::on o:f said did str•al., takfl ir. and. C'arry of Virginia. Upon the evidence of.. ..................................................................................................... . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . .. . . .. .. . .witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the Grand Jury to give evidence. · ····································································Clerk. �• \. Commonwealth vs. { INDICTMENT. ~i' J'viny ~ c?M4 ./fmU A TRUE BILL . .EL~ ....l1...l.~---······ Foreman. ·t ' ~~~~ ~~ &~ ~ n-1/~ , -z-~. , ?'Y~ ✓ Z/_/ .,. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1908 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Cap Tams alias Fred Tams Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony theft. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Theft Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_005_132 McCartney Tams https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_027-commonwealth-v-calvin-rexroad-et-al.pdf f3e0ca209f5b916226688ccc79063ca5 PDF Text Text �---..,. -- ��!' l ' I i •I �TOTHESHERIFFOFROCKINGHAM COUNTY. Tlzefollowing list of persons of t!te County of Rockinglzam, residing remote.from t!te place wltere t!te offence is cltarged to ltave been committed, and in otlter resj)t'c!S qualified to serve as Jurors, is furnislted you, from wltfl', you sltall ta~tlte trial of.~J~ for lite .. 9 Venireme summoned b)' you lo serve as Jurors upon lite ~ Y::lu__.1/41-. u,e,,{~ da)' qf tlib.'J '-"':..,vl-"'-V~ , c!targed wit!t felony, set rfO/ , of tile County qf ~ .......... , rfj'OJ. Ter111, day J-/-!J-~ a(J~k ~~m,:-+~- kJ~~ ?~ Form 84-Berlin. ��IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONWEALTH OFVIRGIIA. TO J'ou are hereby rommauded /zam, lo be taken from remote from T::H:E S::H:EEIFF lo summon a lislfurnis!trd OF EOC:E::ING::H:A]).([ ,J/NL CCU-NT-Y- q/ lite ro1111/_,1• qf Rockiug- j>rrsons b_y//,e _fa1-dge{!Jctht -GEEETI.c-G: Co1m~1• Court qf Rorking!tam. lite place 7ultere t!te ojfe11sr is c!targed lo !taz•e bre11 ro111111ifled, and qualified residing in all ol!ter rrsj>ecls, to sen•e as .J11rors, lo attend and appear before t!tr Cou11(1•rourt qf Roc/;'71~[[/tamCo11n~1•,al 1 //1e Co1111~1 Court lfousr, 6'in![ I /,c ~ 011 day {a,,L Jlv~,ur< >1 l!t!t da_l' qf f/1t4 ,,J, o/ fJ,,,_. 'J~~ ./'JO / , ~ Court 9te-:ff, lo·""'' a, Jn rer, upou I hr 1r;, I o/ chnc,-rd n•dl, .(rim,,•. fl1ld !!tis t!tcy s!tall i11 110 ,t'ise omit, under lite pena/(1' of £ coo. And l1m•e !!ten aud ll1ere lite names of said persons and I/tis ,,·ril. J m~ 1Vitnrss. Hou.w·. tin ' ?i.J- doy qi , Cieri.- q/ our said Court, at lite Court ~,J, and in l/1r 1 :J___J1•ear of {!/ lite C{mw1omt'ealf/1. Cieri.-. ��TOTHESHERIFFOFROCKINGHAM COUNTY. The following list(!/ persons(!/ the Counl)' of Rorkingilam, residing remotefro111 the place wltere lite offence is c!targed lo ltave been commitled, and in other respects qualified lo serve as Jurors, is furnislted trial )'Olt, from :1/u~you shall talh) Lite [enireme,.z .. 1mmo1 ed b_vyou to serve as Jurors upon the (!/£L-J~~J~~~ for tlte CJ . day(!/ thL<) p _)Ci<fvva,, , charged wit!tfelon; set Term, rf (J / , of the County 1 , .lour/ efil"J;;:c;:a,d, U t-1Jtiof J?,µ . , rfOf hdnx "" ~~c, # u1Jl,,_ J J,Jti;L ~,,,[. fs.-fL~~ 7!t )(. Jr:f: . JL t_~ ~}.1ick M~ Form 84-Berlin. ��IN THENAMEOFTHEOOMMO WEALTHF VIRGINIA. "I'O 'I:S::E }oztare s. S:S::EEIFF /1ereb_1,rom111a11dedlo s1t1m11ou OF COVN"I'Y -G-EEE"I'ING: persons of //,e ro1t11~J'q/ Rocki11g- ,.,1- ~y t!,e /mfp,t /1a111,to be takenfro111 a listfun1isl,ed EOCI-S::ING-:S::..&.JY.r: q/ ihr q/ Coun(J' Court Ror/.:i11gl,a111, residiug remote./ rom tl,e place zc,l,ere t!,e offense is rl,arJred to l,az•e bee11 co111111ilted,aud qual{fied respects, to seri•e as Jurors, f/,e Co11n~v Cour;_!fouse, j"'ffi/,::J ,·- ~~- lo a/lend and aj>peai' before //,e Co1111(1'Court 011t!,c 1,--- day q/ l/1/:4 "-ffe, _,{ Ror!ti11g-/1a111Co1111~1•, al J~J Court 1te-:rl, J_~ 'J: j _:'h .Ju...<IJ,f,1M.)L O da'fjj/~ 1 q/ ,-Ind {/,is t/1cy s/1a// i11 1w ,,·isc omit, M.,me a., /umrnpau /1,_~~= under f/,c penal~,, in all ofl,er 1/,c trial a( , hace ,·d "•iih .f dmn•. q/ £, 100. And l,a,'e tl,e11 and f/,erc /1,l' 11a111csq/ said persons and !/,is 1,•ril. lf%m}J ~ //011Se. fl,t,-./ :}_,,,J,vt,da_1•o/ ~j , Clerk qf our said Court, and in the 1 at f/,e Court t.__0, )'ear of of Ifie Co1111110111, •ea/fl,. Cieri.·. ��TOTHESHERIFFOFROCKINGHAM COUNTY. T!tefo!lowing list of perso11s (!f flu County of Rockiiil(ftam, residi//g remote.from lite place w!tere lite offence is c!targed to !tave been commilted, aud in other resj)fc/s qual(fied lo serve as Jurors, is /itrnislted y !rial of,~~-~~.,u,,~ for lite · It )'OU sltall tf,1e t!te J/enire1 summoned ~ j~)//, 1 C!ftit/;, da_1 Court of lite Co1m(v aforesaid, being t!te ~I' you to sen 1e as Jurors upon t!tl' l~a,,...._. dia17:ed wil!t felo11y, set 1 Tn-m, day o/ rf d / ~ , f!ftl1e Coun (J' , rfOI. ��IN THENAMEOFTHEco_ MONWEALTH F VIRGIIA. TO T::S:E S::S:ERIFF OF ECC:KING:E3'.:AJ:,!.[ persons q/ tlte ,01mf:1' of Rockiug- ./1tdg,=o/" tiff, Co1111~1' Court q/ No,kii~{(lta111, residing Vou are ltereby ,om111anded to s11111111011 ltam, to be takenfi-0111 a /istfurnis/1ed remote.from k1tlte 1 COUNTY-GREETING: tlie place zultere !lie offense is cliarged to /1ai1e been rom111itted, aud q11a/ijied i11 all ollter respects, to sen•e as .furors, to attend and appear before tl,e Co1111{1' Co11rt of Rothug/,am 0 ryf j da.1 q/ //,UJ ,u(., /lie CounfJ' Court /-louse, 011tlte Co1111{1',at 1 beiug tl,e !lAt,.__ da_1'o/ . . µA£r_MraL ~ ,·/11d tltis !liq s/iall in 110 W7Sl' ;1 ../'tOf Ff.Jtw. r&r, lo sene as .Jurors 11pon f/,e !rial o/ c/w,c,·,d ,,,;t/,fdouF. 0111il. 1t11der tl11'pe11al~1' q/ £100. And /iar•e tl1e11and tltere f/,e , Clerk qf our said Court, at tl,e Co11rt and in tl,r q/ll,c Co111111om,•ea/f/,. 1 2_ ~~ vear of �wYvt /"\ (T/M,Vaa.ttt - e;~L ~~.,,,uv·,, L L~QCLI( ~rf_~ Ju,..LJV'-",.., �to answer the said complaint, to appear and give evidence Given under and to be farther dealt with according And you are required to summon in behalf of the Commonwealth." on the examination my hand and seal this ........~q:1'-'.'..day .......... REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA to law. . touching the said offence. of..~.~.cJ... ............................ ..in the year . .~,.., - ....~ 190.f ....... ... ]. P. [SEAL.] �r Comm,onweaUh • vs. } Arrest Warrant. ' • Executed by arresting the within and warrant delivering the 1!,.7"······,J}~ .. body of,_.... :'~::ti?:r. R%County and sun1,moning by na,med witnesses ..... 1".. ..... day in ~d of. .... the within person, this ......... 190.( ... t'. �and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said ___________________________________________ _ ---~~-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------·-·--------------·--------------------------------------------------------------------------to answer the said complaint, and to be farther dealt with according to law. And you are required to summon to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, Given nndec my hand and seal this REG>STER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA on the examination ~~~:if~ - •.• ~- . • touching the said offence. in ;h: y::~::~ L �Commonwealth ~ Arrest Warrant. vs. ~-···~··························- Executed by rirresting the within and wmTn-rit delivering the bocly --o l bej'ore......... ............ ......... . ........................ . ci Ju.,stice of' Roolcingham Connty and within by sununoning nam,ecl witnesses in the person, this �COM1110NWEALTII ROCK<NGHAM WHER<•,AS, complaint OF VIRGINIA, } o... ~¼. .. .... ... ~.... To .... COUNTY, Cmmh•.. ~,a;d .i:J;!_~. ........ ....... ...... of the said county, has this day made .~ an,l information ~.a., TO-,VlT: c?....... ~•·······················a on oath before me, ........ . Justice of the said county, that ························-·--·--·--····~··,············································--·----··--·····································--·--·····························--····························•··························-- .../f'.':'.... day of...... ~~cz;~; LL ~ m&:_, ·····''Ji:}, i of th] said county, on the ....... . Cud_ These are th refore, in the name of the Commonwealth and bring before me, or some other Justice (a~ to appear and give evidence ~-:f__ of Virginia, to command of the said County, ;e~ you forthwith ~ to apprehend the body of the said ........................................................... . ~ in behalf of the Commonwealth, Given m,de, my hand and seal this~~~ REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA a; the _said county, did on the examination ft~ '~yr touching the said offence. in Jth: y::~~:~ L �Commonwealth ~ Arrest Warrant. vs. C t ·-n. ...\.\.N')'Y ..Q..~. --~ Executed by arrestinJf t ..................... . the within cind warrnnt ileliverinJf body of .....~A/.1:1 the ..~.. ;;!J...... ~~······················· before ... a Justice rind of RoclcinJf ham by swnmoninJf nrimerl witnesses in the County within person, this �to answer the said complaint, and to be farther dealt with according to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, Given unde, REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG my hand and seal this .......~.~(i'\•Y VA to law. And you are required to summon on the examination touching the said offence. oflL.~L................ ~~°""' ~J in the yeac ,901 ....... p [SF.AL.] �Comm,onwealth ~ Arrest Warran! vs. Executed by arresting the within and warrant delivering the .p~....... fJ~M .......... . body of ... ,oefo.~-:e ........... fl,'. ..~.................... . a Justice and by nam,ed of Rockingham, summoning witnesses the County within in person, this �• COMMONWEAL'l'H OF ROCKINGHAM VIRGINIA, } COUNTY, 10 vVI-IER ,AS, .....~.~············· complaint an [ infonlaaon TO-WIT: i77,?L ~-~ _ _____ _, e...~......................... * ""'"""'"' ................................. ~~~~I~-~-----,-..._L~~ ~..............day of the said countv, on the ..._...... ~ £IL~ ············'"r~··c .. ~ ............................. of.. ...... 190 .. of the said County, ••••••••••••••••• ··-···-······· ·······- /··· -··· .~ 1 ............................................ ..... in behalf of the Commonwealth, on the examination my ]:iand and seal this .......\..~}~~··············dayof....~r.t,/J..L REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA l ..., in the said county, did ~ ~~ S./(L·. ':."r······ ····•····· , ••• _ ..••••••• to appear and give evidence of the said county, that the body of the said .............................................. ,............. . L/ c ••••••.•••.•••••••••.••••••••••••• Given under a Justice ~,:,,::::~~ ::-'.:;~o~-~=e ;:~ni;:~ ;~~,;~~~.. and bring before me, or some other Justice ~~,~~c. Cmmly _ of the said county, has this day made oath before mc, ........ ~11 wf ,aid ~~,.; ¾'- touching ····································· the said offence. .......................... in the year .........J. P. 190.L...... [SF.AI,.] �Commonwealth ~ Arrest Warrant. vs. Executed the within warrant {#:;·,;::,l&l Jt;:e~ ~.f:-r'1···~:•r;::~~:~=: ;~::: body of .. ancl by summonint named witnesses the in within person, this �• COMMONWEALTH OF ROCKINGHAM _ WnER VIRGINIA, } TO-Wf'f: COUNTY, I _~~~-- ....... .... . • ..,,,..,oc ,1 eeu,,,, iL.... .... .... .............. ............ ............................................................. of the said county, has. this day made <a# ,AS, ..... These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth and bring before me, or some other Justice ~····~J··J/~ to answer the said complamt, JJ,j~T of Virginia, of the said County, to command you forthwith to apprehend ~...~ 1 the body of the said ... ..~... ~.~ ......................................... . and to be farther dealt with according .I;£~ r- to law. /j~I ~-- And you are required to summon Ji't~- ,.,. to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, on the examin'.a:tion touching the said offence. of...M.evi...et.k ........................... Given under my hand and seal this .....J..3.~~~················clay REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA --~tlJ,J..~ in the year 190.j....... ~W,..,,... . J. P [SF.AL.] �• Commonwecilth IArrest Warrant. vs. Executed by arresting the within and warrant delivering the f.t;°tfi~~~~ ¥-~:;:!:;~:;;::; ancl by summoning named witnesses the within in person, thi,s �Hurst's Standard l'orms, Annotated. lN f 1 0 · 35. [Code, J Hurst & Company, I Pulaski City, Va Indictment. §~3989, 3999. 4000, 40II, 4045; llurst's Guide & :Stanual, pp. 537 (3), 540-5, 546, 617-18.] (@Offlll\(O>t\tv,~.alt1', of Yi~gi1~ia, C:0U.N"J'YOF ... Ol~f?. ~- .. ..., T0-flTI!': /JV TliB C0U.lv'TY CO[i.RT OP SAID C0u'.\'171': 17/ze jurors of tlze Commo1uceattlz of f'irgi1zia,ill a!ld for tlze body of tile Cozt11tyo/ ...... ........... . CJio~ ~2ri, o.--c-f:; .. e~ a.r;aillst ~ .. ... ... , at!{/tlOtt'atte1zding tlze said Coar!at it~ term, i11tlte year 1 1J.t1 I , ~ ~ ttf}Oll ~-.,L~~ f/1epeace a1tdd/r;!lity of tlw Ccmmo1utealtlzof I i';:r;illia. [jJorttl1eeridenre of witlless swonz ill ope11 Co((rtrt1l(/se!lt to tlze Ora!ldJury to giz,eerideare. tlzeir oatlzsprese1zttlwt �. ) �Hurst's Standard Forms. Annotated. lN f [Code. 11urst & Company, City, Va l Pulaski Indictment. o. 35. §§3989, 3999, -1000, 400 4045; Hurst's Guide & t-lanual, pp. 537 (_;), 540 5, 5-16, 617-18.I .. 7 : ' 'L'O-f;fl"f'J_ T!zejurors of tlze Commo11ztealtlz o/ !'irginia, ill a11d/or t!ze body of' tlze <1otoltyof ........... _~f..._ ......... .. ~o..- --~ c~ ~/--~ _ , a11d1wtratte1zdi!l.{Jtlze said Co,,rtat its . if tJI , {{POiltlzeir oaL!tspresellt tlwt ~~~ term, in the 11ectr t~ r1.r;ai11st tl1epeace a!ld d1/;11ity of tlze Ccmmomcealtltof f'iminia. 'CjJOTl tlze eridellceof wit!less .. swam in ope!l - (1o{lrta11dsent to tlze Onuzd Jury to gire eviderzre . . . _, Clerk. �' . ' . :•: �If' you find. t:!:1e pris or ei t:ter ners of the::i not guil :.y yo;,_ · ,_;_1~ s11.v so an_ no rr.orc. If ing in find. you :naLner and then: or either forrr- as char s~.. so anc. ascertai::. fine~·en t in years, t,,- or, or their t:rn pe:-:i ten ,.iar:. not your el v c t:on ths If t,·,e. indic w~ich f'el you i'ind n. '.l orcsai sa. :!:0.T'S five o-r o:r ho t:1. no, rr:ay be con- which Ai t.1 ,or 1. less no L less jail not ten e,-cer-> ir:-3: hundrc~d dollars. of t, c·~ not ceny so· and theri. ascertain in jail you will t_ian t o no:r .:1.ore than ~uil ty of l mont.1s or by fine dollars, less of houssbrcak- tlrn indic tnen t, punish::;er.t enceedin pris but be confine=cnt ::-.ore t11an six one hundred th· in cor.fi:r_.:~:-::ent in discretion, an_ . .fir.P. not tr-:er~t you ,, il:1 ~ay er or in his of the:-·. 3 ilty as harged t 1eir in the pur:isjur:.en t thaL fif'tAnr t·Jan five ,_,uil ty d: nor nor mor<=i than ��I l- ' /.. ( Ct -l. l 1A....V'l r 7 (; t t t,,.il :. ~ . r 1t/_£, l I J ���• • 1 ~ J ~ ~ J- Jj i C?J ~' 4 V �• �• ~ j �• Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated. lN fl o. I nd'ICtmen t . 35. [Code, §f3989, 3999, 4000, -1011, 4045; llurst's Guide & Manual, J Hurst & Company, l Pulaski City, Va. pp. 537 (3), 540-5. 5-16, 617-18.] 1 ,0ft\\D\'@1\~'~altll\ of :i]lg~ia, COU.NJ'Y OJ?....~ ...············· l10-lf7'!': --- ' ~.~~j::;o...,. ... ······.J············· IJV J 1H.E COU.N'l'l' COURJ' OP SAJIJ COC.A'1'Y: 11/ze jurors of tlze Commoruliealtlz of T'irgirzia,in a12dfor tlze body of tile Cou11tyof ~~ ... -~~ --~ ~, ..... ............ , a11dnoa·atte11di11gthe said Courtat its ....... term, in tlzeyear J f {I__/, lt/JOlt tlteir oatlzsprese!lttlzat -~---~ o..----~~ agrti11sttlte peace a1zdd1/J71ity of tlze Ccmmo1uceaLtlz of f'1';:r;i1zia. liJoa t/1eezidenceof .. 1 witness . swom l!l opm eollrt a11d.ent to tile 0ra1zdJury to give evidence. . .., Cleric. �• r. ; I ~r. ~ i ~ ~ 1 t r;;'- .~ rze ~- CD r r \ ' ;lJ. �' r . • • �• r • ,.;--..? �, �T • �--------. . ltU/IM/WL$"1Mra,,Ji/; - . T 3 • ' I)<?+ ~£~-J~IJ rj~LI~ . ,, .. �T • • .. • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Calvin Rexroad et al. Description An account of the resource Defendants charged with felony larceny. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Larceny Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_027 Andes Dundore Hoover Rexroad Showalter Smith https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_008_249-commonwealth-v-callie-rodeffer.pdf 0d0007d86e43b97f51d805cd52b90244 PDF Text Text .. ' • Report SD.le Ford TourinJJ Ca:- #l,Ofl,2C2. To the Hoi.,T .~.. Ea•·•,Jud!le Cir01>it Court RoclrtnghJl.'!I Co. ,Va.:- 1923 Aug. 20 Received rrot11 •&1~ ot car, t 34.00 P•e ohgd. Amt.pd . • Auotioneer, COtt.ti.OnWftQ,l th 1$ Attorney, Clerk, Bl'teriff' u Costa, MY~:-tiaing bi-1, P1·•:ni1.ll!Jfee to o tfic-e:r, Storage, Sheriff'• 2 l/2 mos., commiasione, 5.oo 10.00 • e.oo 3.00 &.20 3.50 1.00 1.00 a.oc 8.00 25.00 12.50 8.7f> 4.00 3. 4-0 • 66.35 or R<>c1'1n,;ha:a ~o=ty. • 34.,00 w/P..-u~ Slie:-1ff a 34.00 �•• I • • • r t ~ N ..... I ~ ,.... "'..... "' ... • r-'l . c., () N • • . ' • _,,,_- - - -• ~ ~ t ~r1 ~ t � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1923 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Callie Rodeffer Description An account of the resource Report of sale of vehicle. Subject The topic of the resource Report of Sale Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_008_249 Haas Rodeffer https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_009_286-commonwealth-v-cn-dewey.pdf bb2602d836c5b9026dd6af8354109250 PDF Text Text < ? .'4.. 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Main St-o,et Phon~ No. 316 Va, Enn.fope., NEED S•le Billa, Statemenh, Trac.b, Circular•, Ca.t•log11 or l'tlnLlng of an7 kind, call RINKER PRINTING COMPANY Bridgewt11er,Virginia ' �5UCC£STIONS FOR THE STUD£ MUlffAIN Pt:16. All. CAMLRA.$ rrs ntM.5. TOOTH PAST S. IAV,Ht:$, Sf'ATIONtRY. SOAl'S, ST ANDA.RD M.AKL.S Of' TOJ E.TCOOOS Q~ULITY TEt.t.-S-PMJCt WlLLIA llAHJU.smrnUHG·s S£LI ~. ~f SON'S 01".:i'I'l'Jl:\ltlL\C\' Towns Bus Line \V. ~L MENfFEE J. A. '.J'()\VN9 On.tt.r la Wood, Co.1tl., Jo"'lour, H•Y• G.raln, ttc.. Ra.rrbonburr, Va. IJ..a1rl.!11tcib111.11, \ •· Pbootttl C... W"lr" lim.1:'II. ~in Su. DEAN'S STUDIO TIU.: HOME OF f"INC t"l-tO't'OCR.APHS KODAKS ANO SU~t>Uts LET US DEVELOP AND rRINT YOUR Jdl.M.S J. M. STRICKLER lilkdu,•I Miller .Manur..clur.-1' 11f 111kb Co.l·at.le Wfo1tr Wb.u1 Flour •nd \1!11 11f"~•cb,Cnte.kNl llllthr111 l,{arbl Prlu J>•ltl for Whl'-lil !ll All 1'111lt-", C',oro, Mo:.111, rtr:. f AU. LI NE OF MENNONITE CLOTHINC FOR MEN A.NO 'tOUNC MEN AU!. Ht.I£. 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Dr. J. ,V• _re,H01 !), .L tne eraud , .J1•. 11&.llersr .,a.r/ - . t. w-1tLessee 10.:.1.Ud 01 Bo::,d, Bi=on tworu to g-.._v-oevidence. c. ill ed1- th• a St.oLCJ li.;;euee. tbc ten: ~0:.7 Br-unk. 00 U.!"t r.. co1.t ...nu;)1J:8l.1 n1.thou L eu.o-.1euo11u.1:,, psee.i1ig e.i. u.:i.luni.ion 001orc 3ra.te B t;ll oa.tba do JJrQ.er.t 1-ie r,,l of Fran1. 'l'b"-4 •• t beJ re V �" > 0 ii • t.! ". r~"1 .... !; r ., "' .."' I; ~- ~ I:. .. I;, ...,•.. fl ... ".. .,• • ... "' • "' .., "" - r: .... "~ "' ,." <-" .,. ' 0 • ◄ ~ 0 0 ..- .. to - 0 ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1926 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. C.N. Dewey Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony practicing medicine without a license. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Practicing Medicine without a License Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_009_286 Dewey https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_198-commonwealth-v-cc-hedrick.pdf 5a2703cc3567b504964a901444edf0c8 PDF Text Text •• ,; ' •' • Tl11 .'i<' Pn" Ju:n-li)r~ / Ju-ehc11dtmtf l,rmg l1dm1: f • Q,"r.ofl~ lh ...,,.,/ 4.• ;,i t.h~ ni,·ur sum, ,,rtltt• C()mtrf,;Jm·•'UltJ, ,,r,•frgiul;,, 4."<1tnt1Wtld·' OU lhrthw;1 ,t./u·r Josti<.•l· tb1 /1(',t.'7 t•ftl,c ~tud 1.J,( 't,, ~ .•1:IJJJc (N ,,,,pJ ...int a:xl '" ,~ l{,rtu<'r Gfr~u mulrr m_, J,,rnd 1wd sr•1.Jt/Ji,; ,.tGWJt11 ,ib :un,rtli1)4• ft) fl tr> hJI 1-'iw ;¥'7- Summ,.m ll:r: t,,,Jf,,u big n-1W<'•wes: 1! F.,,..:uc""Ilb" • n.UUt4•f L .:.c.,., ,;,.. r. ,"-. .fuJgm~ut ,m r/~ D,1,•11,lant ,,-/JvrL4 ,N~~,d I< d, .. / .J • 4.,_..,"" ,/:i.J' ' f ,,i ""-'' ?,, - OA 1 C_,Ks,_ c/t<L_, ~1,, #M,~~ rtrt,C:::: ...... h.r ·,1n:-<-:ir,;rrl•eMl,,n-c- bring,',1;: ·""'' d". 1 ~ ' • 1•1 I'>', "I'.., Lt l1tfon.• -. ., -· •ui/t_1 llfY.Jrf l/J(' l<'•tirr,rm\' ,,n l)lJl/t of �• • • • ..... �• ~ ,. fl_ I:;...'-<..~~ 'f G-,.........f ,_e.,..,, • �- • • �(.J_ vu 11'ti l/ t.£C. i., crv ..5 ~ �•• • ........... " .... C, 1•:t). IS. J"•:t,:z t·:LL, 'l're.i,urcr l<nckini:hamCount~. I "'f " ••• " 1u ... ,~ -.... Clt~" ---~nint. �t •• • • • tn,,trJ t1on ~o. 't'hl! C~u?'t lnoti."Jota tho jury that 1t 1ft 1no .... ent u on tic., no :, lll t.11 to JlrOTit boYOnd ll N&~onable ••e!I tlle ■lal.u = t 1r t.h" or1co V1Ul lth10h he 111" .rc,d or BanlMr:bu:-g 111111\D ~r IZ8 Bald ~i to ho , that to chl\l'&&d that t.01'11 In Uie varrant n rea~o•&llle of' Harr1sonbu.r&, doubt :In th<" r:a?":- rt. t!.en Wh~ra, the n-, ~'IUT 11' t " • t "" .... ,, or ~ but f'urth!lr .. ~ on,1'1~ o,rJ'Or&~ ~- tne erio U'.o noou e4 ao=itted aoouMO. cUd not 00U11lt tho 8lt1d oruie of' the 1. " aa~ 1n ,"1\l:1" \011?1 ot Bnrrlnor::IUJ'I!, 11..."'Jhol1ovc t!i,, that dollbt Corr- t,c,Uo,.a '),:.,,. <.o.f ,4· ~1t.11 1.~.at the wtthli the ,,oroor3te 11nit11 arc r,ot o.onv!.no'Jd , r:rou U~o evlrlonon au:nat-x,aJ bo ·on, ~oou•~d llOnJrittod tu~t find th, oa1tl or1lllll oharte the aacu,ed not l.'Uilty. �! • • ( � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. C.C. Hedrick Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor sale of alcohol to a minor. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Sale of Alcohol to a Minor Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_198 Hedrick https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_146-commonwealth-v-ca-hyde.pdf 8a59fb8b0e6427a6fb7097876f0f23e4 PDF Text Text r • CERT!FICA TE OF COMMITMENT FOR TRIAL. VIRGINIA, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM---To-w1T: lerk of the Circuit Court of said County : I, . , a justice of the peace of said county, do hereby certify /l:, ~--· that I have this day committed county, · ✓- (,, that he may be tried before the circui/co.ul hat he, on the . $ . ... day of . ~t to the jail of said s;:i~l county, for a felony by him committed, 0~ .. /{.,~ . , 190 f , in the sai ~ l~ iJ.ef:lr # . J~:~.....,..... ~·~-~ ~.~.·~ Given under my hand and seal, this day of.. ...................- .,.. ~ - .. . .·..... .....b, ~ I If 4y ;!)_p LAI'-' 1,.-L ~~ii~~~·· J...1.-£ti:/- countv, in Jl;;:;., 190/ , J.P. . [L. S.] �... ' .. • 1' .. ... .. '. \ \ \ \ ,\ \. '.i. !, �,..•. .. ' . - ft VS .t 11,_ 7 J {A/IL_~~) {p~~ jb _ �''. • f ♦ ,. I �' . ...' Commonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY: The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and now attending the said Court at its .. upon their oaths p>esent that~: %~ 1 ·· against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth Upon the evidence of.. in and for the body of the County of Rockingham, ..............1907 . te,·m, in the yeac . of Virginia. }Y/(. &/~✓,£ .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . witness ... s,vorn in open Court and sent to the Grand Jury to give evidence. . .................................................................... Clerk. �~- Commonwealth vs. { iJ_. ,_ ttx .... A ~ INDICT~NT+-- ~ ~ TRUE BILL. J,1/2 .. Foreman. /?t:>/ ,_ I I ~._.L-,. - /'µA.,(_ 1-~~ ~I, c-- ~ ~ t!>... t~/-z) -~ ~ ..I 4 -~ :. ..- . ~ ~ .- i!J l1 �Received of the Clerk o he Circiiit Court of Rockin!fham Coiinty, the ~inal papers in the above case. _,/£ ...................... . ---------····-·-------·············-·----·····················---··-------··------············--- ��, .. S, C. 160 1-7-10 500 O!ommnnwraltq nf ]iirginia, TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME--GREETING: Cl-~uit C t, , WHEREAS, a,t a - --- -Court held in and for the- -in one thoiisand C nine hundred t ._ J the nwnth of D C . )T'. .... --------, - of in the year and-------''--~-------------------D ,, 9 1 7 ------ for the term of- -J and whereas it appears to the E.1.;ecutive that he is a flt subject for clemency, THEREFORE, I, TVJ11. HODGES M.d.N.N,Governorofthe have, by virtlw of aiithority from iniprisorunent, That the said- vested in 1ne, pardoned ,. - - -· fu,,ture as ci good, law-abiding -. • .•.. .... ,.,. citizen; 1 '. following, namely: n17r: ,, • of Virginia, and do hereby parclon the said biit upon the terms and conditions C1 Commonwealth will conduct himself J a.nd if ever a,!fain he ue found viola,tion of the penal laws of the Conimonwealth in the ,tuilty of a this pardon shall be null and void. Given under my hand and under the lesser seal of the Commonn,ealth. at _:1•,--f,,.~i •th <1 Richmond, this--- ---------ay of 'lL G - .>.!.... ._ - -- - ---, in the year of our Lord one tho1:1sandnine hundred anr' t in the one hundred and thirty-· the Commonwealth.A)~/ - conditions therein set forth. Witness: !fl_,~~v:, --,and ifJ..h -year _m~ of �., • . . l '. •. -· .... -·- -~fl_,,:. . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. C.A. Hyde Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony forgery. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Forgery Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_005_146 Hyde Saunders https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_009_270-commonwealth-v-brown-et-al.pdf 3bab30691c0117e5411ef04de9067dd5 PDF Text Text •• .Ml.':!I OP Tll!QllIA, fo !n!, II e 1ff o 00 lngl!PJT C at rou e.ra herob7 OQl!IW\'Meito 1n!: 'ma!Jlnll OC1llt ot lloc:dn~ .J.Br01a1, tta Ol:~1t 4aJ Of the Juno tsra •• -lh-• ti~. •= I, 111' • R. ,Bro1111,T.111.o T. Ooz,pan7, to a ,hlllm ec:r bn!c=a t l!c!c.ae, n the lli ColUlt}',at the C 1921!, 'bot11g Jun• llltb, to llholl et,.Ue wt, th not bo !iooil anil 11tuohoil 48:i eh t il :tor :Ottl111tt to llllvo 1"iau 180.0.ora ln rooil oond1t1on. And 1:aTe tbsn Ci! littnea out tb•r• .J,P-Blac:ib1:ni,C.lclc tbiu writ. flf I 6th 447 Of Jm,e,lt£5,an4 our 1 • e rt,e:t the ~t pat~ .i. - ...... Ocaicmee.lt Clez'.t. �,. • ... .. • ... �•• Ill T!Ll !IA:.!~ 01 T!Ll COJ.!!rollllE/;LTJ!0 To ~hs ~horlff of ilockinghei:, You are hareb7 and lt'..B.Brown ,doing the Circuit d"Y o! the Court VIRGillIA, County-Groet1nt. commando! to ou=on keine!!JI ne • ".Brown o! RcckinEhm,) Countf,at June Torm 1925, b•in~ not be 1'1.netd and attached for llre. R.B.-"ro11n,L•la v.Rhodea o.,;d Coapl!ll)', to 11:ppenr before the Cc-..rt ho~ee,on June 15th, to show cauae tho first "h7 they ahould :l!ai.Lino: to have -rteh l.add era in good cond ..tion • .lnll have then end ti.ore 'litl!ess J.f.1!laclcburll,Cl82'k tbi" writ. .,_ ou on tile 5tl. day of Juno ,1925,and • 1.&id Court.at in tbo 149tt. the Court ltcn:ce :,9/U o-C tho Co=omroeJ. th. ~=r-=t!-'-·"--"~-===.:...;d;;..,;;u;;:;,;.;;'•;.;<;;;_, ____ c1 erk • �!lot finding ra.R.Jl.3ro,rn at her u ■ ual place of abode nor any member of her family thero.~:reouted June 8,1sae by posting a tT11e copy of this ftr1t at the /ront door of bar uaual place of abode and leaving••~• posted thero.F.l<ooutod June 8,1925 by 4el1ver1nl a true copy ot th1• writ to lula V.Rhode0 in person. not finding ~.B.Brown at hie uoual place of abode ,P.:rooutod June 9,1,26 by dolivo:ring" truo oopy of th1• •,,rit to U.B.llrown,e •1fe (Sadio)in peraon at the aaid ~.B.Brown,a uoual place of abode enid w1:!'t bing a mombor o:!' hia :!'.:oily abovo the age o! 16 years and e:rplainin~ the purport thllre ot th her, ~ ,:u,,...,...,_ Doput, to ~OTe,S.!!.C. '\,- 1 ~ ~ ,; t '?( ~ j :~l ~ .• '. ' I ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~;;1 • • ~ ~ .. :, ; ~ �.. • • • • Ill ~ !I/ill, OP 'l'lf~ CO!'l.!Oliill-lALTUOP VII!Clllll, 'l'o Tho Sh•rtf! of itockingh81ll Oowtty-Greoting: -l You are hereby colJllll8D ed to aumrnonLl.Driver 1 doinr bua1naaa Couzt not be f1nod Md attache~ good conii t1on, And hl'VI tbon the !lrul there JtI.llt !or this J.}'.Blackburn,Olark 5tb da~ of JUJle 19 25,nni appear before the Oon:rt Eonse, on the first of Rockinph.a:m County,at tha June form 1925,heilll" Witneee ar.d Brother.to oa ~.DTiver and William 15th, to eho• fn ling cmu,e why tbc. to have fish Dx1ver. the Circuit dB, of ahoald lr• dd •re, in writ. • of our ao1d Oourt,at in the 149th year the Court House of tho Oommonwes.lth. J.1/,,q_/,. ,--(4,"-",._ {! Clc:rlc. --- - ---- - �" • • • 0 • • • .,. "' .. f)-"' f 0 0 ~ .,. • • .. 0 0 • • • • �.. -- - - - - Ill ~ru::IIAE fo fh• • ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - eo-ned ,Incorporated, the court belni> JU.re l5tb,to 'for .,_ of l!ock1r'11>111 co=ty, You are hereb1 Co!lllt y,at :l'l,1 l1n,, to bavo to on the - to IIUJ!I!on ~bn1lh ■>m ■a11¥utual Cold ' op~onr before abow Ollllll& why it fish J.)'.l!lacltbm-n,Clerlt th1• the Circuit Coo.rt of Rocidn.7ham day o'.f' th• should 1"'1 ~era, ,v-~ not June fem, be fined 1925, ~nd atte.choa ~ writ. o tith ds7 of June,1925,and • Greetit:g: House ,on tru, J1rst And hove the,:. end tb,re •ttcoea • - -- OF 'l'H, CO.l.lltull'llll.l!,THOF VL?CllJlA, She::iff Storage • -.. oar Mid cour~.at in ti:e 149th yeer -oru= .... · (t th• Colll't Rouse of the Common,,ealth. &=s::'-':.:.',,;,Ca:c-,L.:;;:~a.::~e:: ........ ='---Cle:rk. �!".lreuutod June ~,I9f5 by dol1ver1ng a true cop~ of thi• ~rit to R.3.Z1glor 4~p,r1oa manager of tho ~utual Coln storage .1no.1n poreon,at the pr1na1pl• offioe of said cor1,oration 10 Rooldne;hamCounty, Va, , ':jCfi.,..,,..,.~ ! Deput:, :or ., I • }i . -i. . \) . .'. ' \ " "~ -. ) ~~ ' ~..~, ~ '' t'1~ J •' ~• ' • -~ ~ • " I i • • ',., ' ,. ''' ,, " • ~ "I ,.,,,_ •.i . . .- ~ �• •• TlMBERVll.LR, VIRGlNlA SU'.'B OF VIllGI U, •• !lOCKlli:lH.W CCtfo~, I beg to •ubm!.t to yo\tr Honor or tho :!:'!sh laddora, :ror eaid t~u c nth o! ~p-11, 19U. '1'0-'lt'!!l': ~ county, reJ)ort on tho aa: di tion aa l.r.epec ted b; mo durir.s All ~hoaa cerked with Oit wore !ound in ;;ood oon41t1c~: Condition. Located. 1!1toholl Ti,nborvl.lle, & Sl,11nk, V1,., oz..J Il1 tto l,, A..Lohr. rut. :U t to J OK, Broadway foundry. Ditto Uo Laddor. ~?utua! CD~d gtorv50, Ditto ITo Ladd or. 11. "Driver and Brothor, Ditto Laddor 1n bod oond1 t1on. J. 11. n. 3,;:illara, l!rown la Co,, /2o.l,3urrues, :'hott.ea nrndbu.rn. 'llloc.112 :luster. ox. clitto Linville, ,,,. 7a•, - llo4 cnnJ..!.~!.on. ;/ Ladd.er tn bed col:d it ion. ox. ~om, ,e., Harrieonbu.rfi, l,ij,jo::- Ve. , OI{. OK, Do. Ok, I V' �• • " • '• • "\.;; • ~ J ,~ ~· _0, _, ,;-..,.. ~ ~ • I,. �•• •• • Dl .o D Tho Shwifi' of er b7 T ll t G JlrO 01I Co t7.-1r11 Id. • • b-7, to o 4-.37 hJle l!th,to , II 11ttac o4 .ln r OJ VI • • bll t •• foro the Cirelli t 0 ub Ccm:1t7,·t the court 1nlr l L 00 • T ehow t ao t o I ' o ban t ah 11144 111 t • w /I o l i■ 8, ctt • trJ t l >t l ,, ~ t f !too - �• • Uot .!'inning •• C,Q,Trmbo at bio usual paloe of abode, by delivering a true copy th1a 1n•1t to O.C.Trw:ibo,• Wife (..nnie/ in person ut the oa1d O,O,Trw:,bo,e ueual pl~ce of abode.said wife being a r,eo,\Jor of hie family abovo the age of 16 yoare and explaining tho purport there of to her, or f:xtcuted Juno ~.I925 ~ £U-oe--Doputy ~ve,~.R.0. ('" .._, ! .... c:,( r ?; t""E ~ '·t, f. ~ t .~ a ✓~ ·~ t I ~ d ~ • �•• •• ' E H MICHACL t:OUN'TV PO CAMC' V/~RO£:N T Rf'PUBLf(~ VA ,, • / . • /· /. /- /&,,, , ~ t ,. • .t • L: c-- ,,, t, I ,_.,_ ~ I, , J : ~ • • • I, - • .L • y ,; • I{ ,, • ;Ir ;.; • ~ ' ...,:; • • I < -, ;,,, -, • • r; • • - • , , I • C. • • • // 4{ , • /. . ,z. , ., r • , ,(' I ,.._ • �• ••• • • • �• •• E H MICHAEl. COl • '~ • GAMF AEPui'IL!C .8 .b, I ,n • • . .J) I, ././ I 7 .;,,, ?! ·' '1/1'1.. .,_ .,, :J CJ WAADLN ,!_21 ... ._ :c~ < N ~t'l-of • . • /V • t• �• •• -- • • ! � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1925 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Brown et al Description An account of the resource Defendants charged with misdemeanor failure to provide adequate fish ladders. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Failure to Provide Adequate Fish Ladders Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_009_270 Brown Driver Rhodes https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_007_212-commonwealth-v-brainard-marshall.pdf 829ae509eb8c187f1958782fce17bb6e PDF Text Text .. • • ., • •• --I • • :"I l t. 6fOrG 1:trr1er 1s tl:e ti: 11,Jht• .ml.'1\'l':t,,l l:1111"'5 ~ . !"U~dor • <' 1n t u -f"tret. ie T ~. ' u:-,_ :!i • - or a.a:, i:er ,n 1•" or ir&l<i •s jn to.e Sitounll -1,,eroo. i• . .:,U1 hou by l~.~ i 1u.tier 1th C>'ll1~e c.urrer <>·oici ., :n V1rf,ln1& iu froa,illl/1d i l ,r t,, be 1~rdnr in •il1.''sao1,1nJ c:..., ..., a : r. order to elcn~ato tho G!f, n,e 1;0 mu... ex- 1D 't,!O .nrat df!I Tee, tr-o burden o! _rr-g..:... 1• up n trJJ :oz::o::-wcal th; r.d tu reduea • o oftence to ""-11 1 u£)1 r. t • r<:eu or pr""'t 18 ur1.-1:t- Ei r!e nor. • ~R9 ,t . c~"t:.titu•e =rao:r in t :# .irrt !. ~,,.,,. • ir1ne:or usi; l::?e oan 1no1te! ~ tl:e l:lll!n;. by 0<lio&, ,u:· tho lt1111o., !::ll.;t l:aYe been, il!'l:l, oliborntc and 1~omod1tot d a,.,,t vJ t ~ is.rt -o tt!a pr1eoa€lr; t.r..rt is • c 7, litJ JmJ.oth vc illnu, .i.1lite1·a.!1.:d ond prem •41tsted ti! t 1e ,. 111'1 Hll thi! u 0•11secl or o iu., soi:ie eer1ou.e bo 11.y to.,1.v·.,, t"':o 1111 oets-ar., roa ·'!.t f ioh olll.d bo hi lest , tnu frc-:i l:i :sh bo 81,,!. •j ~t>-. lll a cher,:;e r 1°,irao,· 1111111 ,e is pre, um.,d :rr,m • !act of tJllin. !Then tl& Jdlling 1• rrov 1, nd ia unnelOOlf,Uli·d with ciro lll!ltnn·,os .,~ J<>ll1at1on, t,.o buro.en v! diepI ,vt '"'lice ic t~rmr up n tro ~~usod, i,., .:.,,?:ner t~" k!llir,., 1a 1111:l, 1e1r 1..n--cre :m.li~e ~ IJ t 1a 'a.et. = elibentc nd r,,11e'i•ato~. 7t. • ..-,,, lle f aw 1a th, t ft el:all be t&.kou t :ln•entl •J,.ot, wl:tah '-a '- oe, or whi -.h 1 tho n!:Qe asry ...,r.seq. !Inca of '!11sact., • �., • . • ,-- ••• ·, , • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • T • �• ,I ..• •• • ' ::z_ • ~,,,canrt ,.. e··er~ 1 nl ·•t1bor n lt •• l 0:'10 ."4 lice '.,. ~ ~ar or h1.1MLCt ln-;.t'ul 'lCOCt.'"nl..,.s 'f.t l' ' • rue ta fartt.o r J lllc ! m or ti, at 1 0 ,..t t. to l l ho r .•• ..r •• al lD - •• - ei 1,J,gh1..-3T'. ' ioruc id, l ~tod Cc; ar act ie not goil•~ ''Ur:ler ll:!n!' !son!~-r ti!l. ara of the • - . .,,. .. -•A Al~ Gt C = C!.~~r do.to ,n ,. .... ~ or lt,... ~ 1'll!a., ot 11 l,y ;.C l lt l 0 I C 10 t 1 ,- 01 m+ r le.1.e~.ee "" nf, ,,f ~r c'! I co l l1ing -,4 pre ~r ~-:.1e • or b11r,_la.17, r I • C a'te lel!be 1r l:!:e oocmlesi~v 0 'lfO'lfJ-01•, • + " + 1t 1 ?Ill, ii 1 osr cri. r ::,•arvi . ro').,'t' r • _1 1• h TT:", .- )!r t dsgr • 1a 1111;rlor t,_ poiaon, first r .r t ~;mtou • .,_ r C t b~ 111, t ' e bod11 tor, b;,, Wb C ,. 1,ndl •I tli s ~ ,. <>. u l..:i" i ti.or, ie:t:l upon t " meon -...1.;.; -,: t- r1our t t z:i...a:i ct nwt tc ....1 r r ., co.tlcn, t ISr unl,o!a! ~,- ae rodueo ~• t• rt a r r:iur ? ~t net 'ff t r d -perla • ari I I • rr2.tte!" llf u Jur:,. Lho ~""t,.TOe. ln -:r it, tcd 9.l~t ~ 0 l �I .. • • • • • , • • • • • • • • �I ..• • :e cour~ tw·tllcr tnn ruots t e J11r;t lhe.t t~ ouru,t1t11to delibern+e, ni.l ;-:i-e:i di••i..t~d lilling it io nut" neil-i!EBery th.st tl:e intN:tl to 1<111 oh ul exist en)' rnrtloale.r l ni;t r tin!..o rrior to t~o actuol k.ill1r.s. I'" 1e ..n17 neceeeary tl:. 1. au.ah a r,!lf'ul_. in• t1:ne 1:.:ti 1. s.1.ctl.J'1 c -~ in f Jdllin8", r tD. axieten:,e 1.1 ·Q r r tllc ~"irst r•r v1ouoly. ti!lO t tl:o e oi..urt :.urther !r.~truots t .e jtuy ths.t a :t<.>r1a;.J vtmd i•ren ~it·. n dondl~ ,ruu1-on ir. tl'.e irev1c1u1 ~ eeaslLPn f tho el., , ··ithout ecy provooatJ ••, ,,,. oven lt1' slit,ht 1irovocatlon, je _·:-lll:,-i oia, il!~l. ol1b:o:ra. o, ar.d 1 rcm..)ditatod kil ire;, 11 t.hr -.; u":lcn tr..o ,.:,r.teo1cr to noce:c 1•7 f sho:;:;ing oxtenu.ntine .:1rcu......' £:!llQBS. l �... ! • • t • '1 • • • • • • �• • •' • J- 4· T-" court 1na•"10ta t .e Jury •ht t .,.~ crod1b1lity r es 1e rnA•·t! n 01011:i:rt'i""ely # r e 1ur,, end the law 1a that ~l:a~• e ~mnber t "1tr.ce1oa teetify :crcctly OP!Jocite to cec, other, ~h~ Jury 1o n t b 0114 to Te rd 1' o ,-:o:. ·ht or the c..-idence 11s e1;_1"'l y hoJ. n od; 'the Jur:; ha7e tr..B rii;ht to ot rwitnes c.ine ~--~ t~e app1u1r:c.nco i,f loo .ltne · es on !:it sttmd. tbc:1r Dm"..n,r c--r-to i17'-1l1g. d tbc ir L.PPJ.Teat o r. r r.tl 4'1-1r:u., t:, t. 11 e.p!' e, 1;, llite le. l • .-no. .1.r~:::.bll t ~ .., l.er E .:r LCdlr,b c.1 11 tance e~ ec.ring GJl t.::.tt • r 1.al., ,..l:.ieh •:. t:Jle :,e.es re ,:or• ffi.)l'-ilay ..,,r ored.i t. an4 • o ~To credit acea: 4:!?:. 1F. �• • ·, • • I • • ' • • • • • �' . • •' • ~he c~u.rt 1e!er,i;,e in-struc-;s tr.a jur;r 1.h t to r.i?.k:e '.)Ut 1P1 ~ ce.se oi' ho?D1C1 a, ,;t cose of ee~-r- • 1o o.oou: ed mu.rt ah<f.7 -:o the jur,7 �..•• •• ' • • • • �• ' • The Court evidence ottte= weight le leghl than "' tha.t. ~irect f'u.rt.her 1ns1.ru.c'tt and conpetent. thft de-!'er.dant tea~inQny. the Jury ir is that. circw::1etM~tia.J crim.i11al canoe, gu.JJ ty /3,._;j !a w~· it :it. c....7.,,,.ct.4.~ ~ ~. ..-ta,.~ 1t -i_ 'J l amt A➔J. .fi ~x...c.r ' n �" ' .. •' • l r �The Court inatructa in 11\&Cb ae to a1i'bsto.nt.illil oftunce a doubt ae co_,yb• honeatly and eaterial c:harg•d. A reaeonabl out o! the i teel evidence It muat not bo nrbitracy :stan"!. la-1 ir t'?"der of milterial to.ct a v"'rdict no~--eaae.n:tial thAt • reaaonable end reaeonably 1'111.ctes$•ntinl doubt enterteine.d to prcrw• the e doubt muRt be bnsed upon the n• ia &u.ggeated by the evidence, or be )cat eYidtnce to find the jury t.G t, or out doub~. oC th~ or !Reta necee"ary o1 c:onviotion, circ~s'!'.•nces. 1-..clc of fVid.enc~. It must be seriou, 'Wa.rrm"': e.n •c1u.i tta). .for and not or r~ow• :: :::.:ut. and aub ... b@ a d-.iubt the Jury to bel ievo of 1mrno·.•ri&-l a.nll �• ,,•' \ •' Jrluc • • ail ...... ~ bnL2 >w '.I.it"~ ~1· • • , ' . 1-: rr t •• r. 't QUI - •• ~ • '.L ,-.. • ·, .~. • • • '" •. L, ':, •• 't 'l""' t "'.. 'I. • • " t ,:J C~)j ..r ca:! ' .... ~ • ~ " - " C • I• , aaJ. • • • , ., r ,,_. ., ' •• •• • - • - ,.,• ,ol :! n " Yi! • • • • .. ' llUtnet•-- ·-~ h • < �The Court a1 l criminal preauoption weal th If there cuaea,, upor t.o t.h:e g:..tilt s pl ea. of not favor his guilt. A con3idera-t1on of :.he ace"..taed, thti, case, aa in g\J.!l ty raises a k~d oute on the Comr.:.o~beyond. reneonabl th~ whol9 and the c1rcWJ~tencet ir~ tho ei!'l b of the or 1.h1t.t in Jury in his oC proving of th~ wltneeseo exist ■ the t.ha accueed' innocence ot the burd•n therefore, t•nony ir.,nructa caee, e doubt. th• tee- •hown in c•lder.ee, Jury a reuon11bl o U:.r.:- sl-.oi..ad .!'ind ti dou.tt r.oi ~l~. £& �..' ,·• ' ' I • •• • ~ rl~ • oI ~ • 1 •• ~.,. • .• ~ "tt')'f'A't !r.a.L-, ~ .,. • • t'Ul •t 1 • ., I • •• • • ' • • • • • 'to noJ:.:c&,, on • • 1 • �• •• /0 ':'ho Court ~ust.rJcta '.Vi.th dar:ig:,r, muoti deio,rmlne tho., "" to the noooselty &ct reasonably neld res-onalble ~ha- Jury thr.t mon. when thre6tened from tho stt:.te of raeortinc , 11d wl th honest orlmlnally the tiot-aal dan or. ror ~o eelf-~ofonne c onvictiou", L f)t th l~e mistake•• thuy "'ill ..iurrcnmding ena lf they not b& to I.he extant ot �• .. , .• .. I • �• •• 're Coi:rt instTucta tho end once that the eo, ra•ior thl: Jury 'Q,;111e,,e .r.r:>:utne evidence suoh "" -,, re rea 'or,thor 1,i10 f· t 1 shot ttndor to Shl\O-t bodily ht.a -tY\lr' onttbly from ll la traf8 t.het Fra:._er 'u to excite int~nded "raz.lur the roa11on ble hit11el! tncy to 4af~nd t:J tho teking StJry to tin ad,qui.to defense. mnd olf l'lt'e or the ..ao r.,;ceos· ry .i'rr, t.r r ~. or ..bo asal' 1,-,_n+ or hi• of th6 tn.:, noou.sed nd rued thO.t lt tld ns were daeth nr 8->lrl ,s t lr.4 tho &ccu ed not -ut lt;;, e l,nold of the bolLef ctt i.n the sbootJng d h1e t.ro+her bl~ to 8hoot. lntondlng t,,,.t tho e.co1.11ed 4id so eelleve to ~rotoct right 01!lc,u.l ted t:1!lt herm then •iu, r lSlZU< Ilia gu,, A11 if belie! hia they belleve if aft or be hbd obtained r, oou.sad, did flc;o11.f1edtho th6t wse .-a kin~· M'my trom the docff, tu,a.. • nd. c.u ho .rro-l tne doce1sea aew Uld Jury 1111:, t det. • ~ at for - " h I¼ o.r be n.ocae- �.."•• • j•• ' .- • �.. •• • :h., Court fro:r. thJ eYi44:!no• th.t.t 11.tt~e believe bf.a '(slnl !:r~tli i:eeroi woiu:d, t~e the o or.dui!t 1 ~o hinl at to kill accuae -,rJa 1!le time, thtt t.COUB~d ...r bl~ b.ar:t. e.ld. w a aloo uaautlon, fir.d illllt= ctB tolll Jur;, ' nt i ftnd r.1a, etlll ~11. Jl\gt;. ~ or l1o bl Ji<U••-•f!•T1:<> r-. both "Irr:. bod!J;r a1 pr.-,he:"lt!-1.onU:.ftt. C-e-r,i was alU'rylw thin pury,oee int a..:.cuaed not r.u.11-cy: nnd. th" oourt -:flt! ~ t!ley bel1evo Prom the o-vlfterce as al Mf!.814, u,o ,ni: e-:en t!:ou !, 1~u sboo.l~ b"llcvo tr.o-re ,re.a 1n '!.sot. no Tf~oae Jl t.ha ac)\ltlfll or hie ;>t-114eb "Tit, -Geer@la. ru1eB, ISO~ ~•rloue ~r.:t !:05; J".a;.rrleh cn.:ic. 1>~ 7 . l!t: J!Ar.nah ""ae. t' e:; '\fl- t,roth•r. an re.rt .Jt the "1.eoea.eed u, !l1:. de<>e>aed deal •neJ or intended not i;,,1 1 ~:,. ;peo.rt1!,oet-. .,,._,re: rieceJtive 11r-rl"1tr'.ena1on the dooottoa 1. t..ndo= rcaBO?t!.ls"".o -rr;--rr1iensian e..::ucod aJ:te ahoull a! ur.der a ;•eaeonnblti yon chculd reneor"rJb1Q r,-oo-t.ven tli,ot the 01' t110 ~auoaaod 1"1 o:11ate 4a~r•r tt n t'to 4,,c,,osnd 1u1s U~flT w.f nJt..:ona tw,.~, ifthey the jury instructs broUior, on tne o· d:o ffl'o.artOft', 7a«f!t....-t.O: o-J.. «• "'1. l-45tr • 46!!" be~m.---,,l!-,,~,a. 4M .anil } �' " . ' •• ' • • ·~ . .,. •~-r l b1 >t _u, d • • ..e~ '" ,, ,."fD t • • Ln~.a-:1.t J- ID> • ,, • H • • t "!"I 'D O!!' ret,,,, I [f - Q ., I 0 G"T.Od~ .,. • , -- l " .J • • . ~ ; u "I " J. ~· ' .. ' ~T < • Jt t ~ o,t t d I • • Ii l,/t; ~Off ~·,. ,n • h - , l » • u; <" 1 rt• r .d i ►tJI) .. • ~ 1 ff • ' • ,.• ••• • ·• ,. ~ • • • :uCJ "•, I • • ,, • ·' •..-re ... 0 :a • • .. ' -"'. J ... Loau • • , • ' ' I :;,: t • ' •-.e , • ,. t t .. .omt: rlt • ! • I u • el -r t :c~i rnl • -:.:., J • r l . • • • ~ • I ! < ff < D tt.,1!'J.J 1•, . ".. ' • • l • ., ., 1 " b JI I flal! <11 i-,-~ ,~ ., ""! • 8 t • ,:!•. 1• • • • ..- r, • _, "• �' •• I The C<>Ul"\ .io U! on tho ';ommomvao.ltl aer1 to :onYict tc ·onvict thfl bene!" tolls evi1•er.oe, they cannol oubt o! d, " reoanmble l&aves tht, say tha' m!n1e the7 bur:iell wha:eTnr. end 1' they ?ltl!"l,.88Rl"Y they Rrn hound 10 .-t.vo 1-;lr, not "2111';- 8Qf the •~h•1:' Btnl• an:l cor,,,ideratian o! thn JuriJrs fee~ the or cir~ur:at11nc" lo11ct is. ""cp11:1aon J'lll'Y. th!!t tac1, or o.1... "'\Jumnte1rno r.eoes ... ft.8 tc 11117tn~: of such doub~ ll?ld .'.ind hia -the rnt1r., tee :.Z.... o~fenoe t... e a:!""UDa'1 48 aforcsA\ the Jnry th•• i<t.~b si'.~r to i:rove every !ha ac~ceeJ Mv• An;· re11.nomblft s llB~l"IUl ~ ir or cf all tt,6.t oor.ai tion oo..rt the """"• a~ the t.he.t a..-.iab11ill€" oonvi ot·1c:c to B CC!r!\l �' -n ff! U'O ii l • -; . ~ _t: ''"('"!.U J J r 11' ' ';7' --aseoan ec_j~J • "'" tlo t>t bwJ,,f ' .~• n ·1 ~"' ·- • ~o ,.. • .... • ~ • _.,,,, . .,,, l 0 • l J-orr:• ..• 't ,l l ! j h '\ • -,J !«lG.:""" C f-tt;~ • rt • • • - • • r,., " • : J •••...,. .-;;:; I l •• • 1 I .ru ~ • ; - �.. o;;,, ;curt a Tcnaomblv doubt m;, be g,.Ut:-,. and ~in:! -:.'oat t:l.:i c:ntlt7 4•s=~e or tho ~IQ o: th&ll fim • ,· reoQl~e as to whether 11000,:t, hi.w guil"ty d•f'?'•"• ot ~hn• oe •ou!. or mnGlaui,hter, t.1:e:;. ,toubt In .taTO';: o~ the HQ:..'.nhl"d a iilifif1' • tn:ilt)' 4e,,-~...,• or i ! th o;7 h,'\ v-e ,mi ;.:h -the flrleonol" 4oubt tho;- ahculd a~ ta ,,hnthe::' b!l •• fll llty 1s ,hot he ic 11blo doubt _ :aa<: 1•■•iffia;• ::ze. J ur:, ti," 1n his the _owe:- g.ffltle: 'tO 1lluut.:-a.!e he ts l:'111l t:, of mu?'>.ler iu the ehoull n •ta no to tti"'.I gro,-\e o.r off'enco ha~e ro•.1dotDC.le donbl firs~ l wtr l'.!,vor, i.,. th.t!!;; o.L"trur.io-r 1.n tt:e r· nl him r-1111t,:, in D11nSla1>€,hter, ~•l' and 1 r they ha'lo a roe,1ono.t all, &r.4 oc4ult tho;, must roonl "" >itir. e,_.UtA::•£l �,. • • 0 ':' l I • • .~..... ' l4 .,. f 1 • • I , • ' . • • GC!·... ' ~ ;~ ., J 1• ...... •"c:4-... ·i ... I • • • • ' ! I 0 • • • ,· I •• l V '):_ •fli a.u • • " �.. ' .... ~ho Court eaaq t!ll'l 1ut";w•tt--a t, .1........~1on ~tll euilt 110:-ond ronuonn ever,. f!Xt1 er1s1 fr"of •Muco,. i ,., donbt. wtiich rind, in or:le,. fu.at noueaao..r:;-- tll c~ui q·hrtP. rea&o.7tble doubt urou any a lw1e ooretltute th" crl'llo, it \a !t.ct.. in M• ,..,nv1!':t hirr. tt,,., c ..1:no mus1. hn o.r eln~nt., ~.,:n, . stH•l!..-"' • •'1.h 1 1 ~• r.. the Jur:/a au1.;; ~o o ! ouoh rtouot sml e.oqnit ir tho nriC''lT'l.e-. h • tH'""'rY• o! law 111 11:1f!ivor- or 1nr..~e-n.se: ho res•a th~ bener1t .. the lti," r1:1.i.aee no T<reewn1,tion IJ~inet r~susa~tion t,.ez rro t.nstt'Uo.+ (!1yn ne.oenirr-r :lo, to ,-1eonflr �" • "t ,re .., t ·~ . • • I tr • .,. • • ~· :ol ~ • • • ,. • --U: I • I Ill : oa• m>I ...,., f t ~ • d ~ n • • I �• " • • '2he Oo•1~t imtructs bello•e bin f.r,,m the e.-1rlence th!l ', the jl!J7 the e:o.!t>Oecl. a'\.er th!lt i; they ~o ~d oo'•lr.ed t r!lp& rrom tl1e dooeJ1e.~ l was W'lli:111V,awa:.' :!r001 t.!Ht 'ieocn.aed. �,·• I "I"" .l, • • .. ,"IIUf . } • . , • '1 • .. �.. • " • Ybe -t-.hrea·Lono4 witl:l. dtaigur. aw-rounlif11 ·cu-rt. inst:mus:t. do~orinlno them as t;..., the ~b.'-, •~ ~ieosait,y A,..,..,~f... • .... nnd 1 f tbo;v o.c+ :'ror ..- c ..ivvwbJ..• na~ be held respo::sicle tent • ta 'thf"f ,.U?'Y thi,:t eu !rom t.h" cnzttf.' a" +t-:ir:ra ~1"'"fttl.or+lng 8.folf' hg;J1ettt Ln sel:"-:la"',n· corr:1ct.!ona. cr.-im.!ml ly to- s n:iatai-,, ot ~he n.:tU!ll aimpr • =-ii. e the:• -wtn ao to ~•• ex- �I, '• ·•' -~ aw • t .,,t' " • eft.i:f .., • ,u • ..."' ·-* ' • 1 ., . I .. J-, ~ •• r, • ~ : u 0 11Je! D ~ ~ ~ • ! Bu•· ·t -n yr rm1111·~ ol~ • , • • l;m,r • .... ~ od • !l �• • I fhe ~ourt tr:Lal~. ~.o 1,arty aoouaea rneu,:rtlon in t.;> full eble doGb:. evi•lflnoe ~lief to the bone,it r,u;t oeG"s ie it of th,. n,•ouoed t.e. a11ff'ie-ler.• tor o! tho !lbler's th.o tuilt J• t-hc-::-e!'Cl"'e n,,,ct the rurrose. to the ei-:c1ul'1on o .. all =aae. 3" Ve.&!~. -:r1111CJl1 o! tro cei>;ol ;n Joubt:lll wblch tr..rr • .ne aoAJ..~ tn hlB ..,avor. l•w, th•t " ::-ule of ••rlninal gunerate 1B qnt1tl,3 ra-,or o:! innooonoe, R.lwnys snf!ictez,t ot rraionden,.n~ ln&t""1ata tile Jur7, t~-"t lr be fu11¥ unl o;!.S it rfl'tR<m- �..• •• .. • r 1 • '!("&;rt " I 1'. ."I~ 114..t'"'o j l\e .o '" • • "6 - j ' r • ,.., .!a, • 4 •. ..0 1.,,,-, ~ ~ .J ·• "" • ~ I p 'to • .' • ' r, • I .!' [ a! • •c ' • <1 ... "IC Lu.I.: • • u • . C - ~ ' • t• r1 81 ,,.. t • 1 1 ~ • • -.:· ~-~ on: • o, • �..• •• of !I ar1,o1nal jrial ourr1tnco viction oae" of twelve mlMo milt • tho nacn:a•1, degreo o!" crirtt!. de::eaee4, hsvlz,r &fter hlly 18 '>!a duty degroo ,H ftcr• of g'llilt ~ ·au:,e4 all Wl t.h hi~ ao to not t.> ein]'ll;; it co?l'tiottona 'ti".e ill fi;llty al jur)r,, 4.e rtte c:!' t.le "'1.;:'.ren.dc hia beca\lfie ffith ..,•:bar 01' the ovtdenoo fnllo,, the ~uilt ~rue witf . al thoug!l th 1: e.n;, ill41Yi coru!derei re~a Jlftble doubt it tt.e ueirciultat1Jtl O"..'lm:lual '" of 1e lil:ewtso in.-. it i:'h,ttref'or tha\ still. ln tho rot on1, 1• thu ·RD bo h.'11, ,~o ovidor.o", b7 be-fore 11 :o tb• r"or,,c• ti:-~e., it!: reereo•, • jur~· C!!Y b,,11~11e Juey, in th1e t~ r,om or th• of the lrlll'lll". or the con- &:!.,- oao&, ,.n, sh-oul,J r.:-Ht 1·tn.ir1 a •ullt of th wn ocr.wietione 001..nroa of ao.cueed., as v, etJcn the jur-/ .,.nte ... ·tnin renr,f)c1. to eunh dep-refl. �..• •• .. ·~' --a: ~, 1;-:11t ....ar7119;tnT")o -' - t e l-u, , ... ttf:. 'I. . =t t 4 • 11 • • -J Jr' 1 I • ~ • .~ " !IC'. nl : tr .... • .. • 1:- r """'"Jutl'(n = • -• ·" ~ r,:- ti ~ " • .l><o .o • , • ' •t • ,. • .! J ' ll • r ' • ·- • tt> ~ • .. , ' . •• '.,. ·- - ....... ; ; • • t • .., ., • • '• • I J :'ltm I ' UL .,;-,.;:: Cit " • '(. ~ j ' . lbz .. - , -1 l ·~ I �..• ' • •' • fro<>! of guilt, 'lllln• \he end that tau~ , r hia \.ho aucuaed bUlit roilt 1 • rr~ven bo touud bo,ond noi ,ruil<Y ••••.l',·~•u; n11't!)o llendorJon' a �.. ' ..• .. ., .to.. 0 • ·--·- -:ul • 1 .tor• • "'ll -; t= !'Y:::'1 • -::::? • •• • • !Ct 1:1~ 0 • <t • _' • = I • ' G l T .•• O.:.,. ,t: • • "" .n,'V'-· ' ' JL( l ' .r ,_, C •.._, 11 ~·· '°10 • .- ., : cJ • ' I to T'• _-.; • • / c., �" ' • ':'OD 1~urt they believe "t!'lillllt the svid.eni;u., tha't 1Juc'c ,-,.,..,iar ae-:-~e.od. l'4t nm trori wi•han.t 1nat.ructo h..15 knrml6dg-e t! ado cannot or tM ,:,ri:::te ahJlr1:tetl aP'airet ~c...-:t."ir.:.t t'::n:P."t Chti rl i=:W l!'ll"Bh.-r;.11made 'thT"•nta Jrevi oua ~o th• euoh ttreats :ha in abooti"I" or 1rn,:10!' the &bB!!n~e o"" the: accUISfll~ b~ O(XU3}d.irrod an "\r4ina-rd b;r th• Un.rahnll. to t~le tr.1th �" ' • . • •• .. •' • ·• t 0111 • • I I • ' �" ' •' he 1ourt 1 il'»J.tl"'IUlta -" ana irh«n e pa:-oon !alo11iono1:-.1,=ls,rfill~ .e.ncrt.hat', u.n1 1t ls U.vi.lod inta /clllnu,-y o!cnother ,,,•itbv1.trrl!.l:.oe, 'tht1 jm·.Y 't..h.ul. ttrtr:. sll!nf+,.tet' .nttout l:!lli~o kllla t,.o olasuoa; mr.elftu6'h ~er is •. hi un 111'1'1211<1lllr.g " in,.Ludian ~· pt JJ'i. W111Jlttili Conto! blood. 1zr,;01unt.ar:: iertor,,,.noe or an unJ.a,..,ful sot r:n:L"lDl..1\~hto:r ill wt.or~one ldllD 1J'! 1.he a.no\l'ter wt-thnllt l!es1J!II. �f ' •• l,_ • • ' .. • , - !o r I J 1 • • �,, •' ,· ' \ • d"Jt:C't, n;;er,' f nee .ooaen'..in 1 intrrt,1 lent otnr~! •c tho 4 neoodtrn~.,; to oons~i lute nd 1 1 tihc J1tt·• ni.1ot:-n..-.t.. "'!'JED the or- H-o crrrlt!.enc& •• 572. ~ Cvi...J. - .?-~ C ,-.,,('~ ✓ ) ~. ;, 7 l -·-- :,1 /1...,..,,l ~•• - /;.~ ,~ 1-,_ ' 'r~( " ) ,.., ~-=-c4+ ...~J..-\ -.i. "J-;J'/,,, /1..c..:... I~ h,• Ud<-, '- !"1._t~ / 11JI'--,,. (. ,t_,,.. IQ I /J'< f1~ "I S' , > ,,.._I' J...., - {it_V:,l ~IQ(, .. h, I...\..., -.-..-r.. "(-.~'"' ~-5- (i r,, ...t,e I: I: t ~,,,.. - ,..._ �..• • ' .• ' • • '!C - ." -<t a~ " ~ ......, r. • r .., r I)" 1,... t ,~ .. ...110: • • C '• • 0 f' + • • ' ,. • t ' , , �•' ' I Ihe taot e1111ontial tl) ;ourt InB1.ruat0 tho cor.v1ot1an cl t'O""'"'S"t"l.nt;1~le-:ldenl'.!a 1t 3110h \"i.dnn~e wJ.t11 tu la the Jur; that of tt.""' ea~:..sod U:.i, dllt:· u i::oct oe:t.'io.n. •hora ony Su tercmlf:I'!;! on ot rho J r-rr ~o net. u-ron �• ' .. \na eu ~ • ( ('.. • ) t'- ' '' \ ,f { -...._ ~ ,,, ~ 1-- .... '- I -'~~ -""' ' ' f -----.. • • r '-....1 ,I ~ 'r ~~ .lJ , �• • •• I • ..,._,e court t'llrlher ll.llln.:ta t e jur;, nu;,t ov1 enoe ie lecaJ. one! c m:~ te:--t 1n c:-1 .. ~nal a"" or:, :>! ;::o bn::ct~r c.n • es.clad~ e\"t>~ V'C~ti:.o11':10 t • cf'•nk-t 111 g-iSl•y 4 11 en~1•1,. ,.. -: e .t • n1 ~e t• f'7. "ire· m!ltar,t1al en f it 11: c.•~-r "'h: n thc.t ht il'l"'ftct �• • • • • �• ,. • • =-~--. + ":..._ ............ ,....,____ .,. 6 oou t 1 t o re , t e ...__-"<».;;....., ~..,.,,.,,......,,........... •JI r ull r b C . - t. uc., 11;. • ...(__ ~f;:..-c..., ..,.-e ..... i-',.... .......c.;;...,._~---.... tor in 11<1nt1I o t t ~ nt • �• ' • • • • • • �' al u: - at - '.!' a -i I.. t> •J :sla-'4"!!, il lll'lOt!fl!~ ~• un, f'tr ~~ :\ 'll'I[ : " l¼n'l9"' Rrlel ,t .. �•• ' 'I ·- �' • ' • or ... 1n 1 l~r, that U8rt"el, ,udd•r. t~o 3~'17 thnt inllt,uota 'he C,urt whcro d.enth une.uod a~•••,,;'11 r, •nd •n •o rdor ....r.,ri,o, tho Gocua.ed. r-a, t tlHt nort 1 blow ·n a 1rud. on rr~vocat:1 ... ,er JU-O~om:,,, tho ldllir oi,t malioo wit 411,,ethn o•r no t 1 rove to a.a 1 on, 1t 1e a rr1nct le of ,, m&.J",- in •el1'- l:1lli~, , vis:: t:1h1 no11nt"d 1s 111'.at1:>ot.aro (ll ud ra- "°ltr'th r cucr,b t., rc,e.t( d C'VJI or t, cuve b.r.aelr 11!, Cl rl.•e o,n, IH va., 11 ._,, tYX' r.rcrn greet th bodil~ 36.i. rnn o I rho •oi,rt 1rcsLru to C:o Jur~ vi 11noo th• t ll·.s en;no,t, tr o, 1 in moll o tibot t!;o pri 'II ther tl:e rr1eon r ~n tho or .o 1nn 1~ reot " u1t, nutw:1th$+ lllicstea itae ocoa,~a ri~1:•'E; • '! tc ~., on•r h n., l t ti killocl. proo th 1th at oft ...a curUer .. • • 76 • frorn tho n oombst ftO& Ila}, aaulllt u oive th n tho ,:,,11, Tioloneo l at he.1 believe eoeose4 e, 11--t • o fir11t b li!ive bodil:, 1! ui;Jl d th r1 onor lull e the~ ~ h nd .,,Ba,.,:, o b.7 ijeeign t kill ~f 1c~ 1• es t· et rned, primor.er ana the tilltnJ �" • • • l • • • • •• • • • • t I • • • •• • • �" . •• ff ! \ • (; J. \ hoc ort ir.a1l"Dota t•.e JU..'7, ea 11 =tter sf lt.,. 1n t D oa o. tl:..o iury nro n, t. "'.:O fl..l b&)'\:!td tte ';'j &lloe to hcnt ur- d ,bta, n.r ..,., •>,~,1 entertaill r.uo?: d .,;,ts "" nr11 rernl:, clirr r1~t..J. r eunJect.;..r lk A cl""..:bt t~ ju.stir., an UC• q ittis! t:U.Jt bo a l"OE.OOUblO d 12 t, nd it Cllat e.ri,e fro"' a cons14a:r.1cg 6lld Lt;J_art1 l illv,-bt1~oti.n ! rll ti~ evi.lonce ln u,., c&EJ~, :s BUoh thvt lto:ta tbe SfJtJJ.e ..Sr. f d.e-u.bt ir,!el' O ed 1.n t •€ br&vor rti.nu1ctiG:1u • '" life 1t wi,;,,tC...j ou.uuo s reat.)urvbl,~ ti.nc( pruner.t mtm lo h•·ld11·e"e ond -~1.n:.e it is inac.ff.1c1.en ...., uthvrizo e Vt' atr•' t n·Jt 8i 11•y. rr. aftei; ci..n;)i 'lr!n Ell ttu ,-1•id,,noe )'f·U can . e;; tin.at 7Q"D 1:. ve 1,1. D1G.int; convict1u1 ,,. t:ha • r..:.t~ O..f t- e ~!..U'ge, ... l nx-e aat1s-r-J.oQ boy.md :.11 l'•~&con b:e dcu.t)t. ""'1 1:"e 1.,t.h r- bJn • t ~ Ju.r.,. zu.at i:r.t :o bo.~·oi:! t.!. o 1~:iee ~ l:.u:ot i: :!i: ""ert..r::.Je ..1!t . oenc1d :nd ULltt G I 1 J,l•llice e is 0 ,.ut inetrue ~e • prneunitH~ !T,,m t n~ 1~ 7naocaey=1•~ rrc~cd, bu:-den ~f 41eprov:h:,:. ml1~o , 'l c, JUTj +rult u.1 ti Oh&Tt;.6 ! ~t u! ~1111ne,. ¥1itJ: ci, c=huioe la thrOlfD £ 1Wrd"1l' ·11u1nt ~:, i.ill'ir.v -r relllati,n, u, n ••·~ a,cut cl, .ie tee �... ,·• • • • • • • • I • • • • • • • • r �• ~ • •• ... • ','\ -t • o c u t l'nrlJicr 1n nic 8 t .ur;, •h t In etcr lein& e1 t to be i en tho toa 1 rq 41 f•re t "1 tneee •o 1n • t ~ Jo.J7 are aut 0rt 4 • •~ -elati nal 1p r t w1 tneesee 1;1,11 .e ?"t1l!! ; h t , : Sr 1J:.':' er• • t. 1f ~. le t r. l £! e:r. •eolir. r 1 • 1~ 7 ho. t>am, !Jen; 1r tee iflill : t !r appare: ~ r. el enoe ,-. t I :r .., ~ ill ti ; ar.a c.1•• Cll~ cro41t tc ~ e te ti 'la {µ 1 t oe ~ Wldo:r 1 t :.a o1rcul!lst 1:tnuaa ••&+-r"' ·rs sc:,... e o er.ti d t . 11.t; �• ,. l • • • • • • �• ..• • 'I • e e :irt n.str-~te .e j~ hiat a.. :f'-Ter kills t;•"'-'" b 1nf:•1•~ =li~• toreV. u. "~ 1a e;,:'lt7 or =rdel'"; •'1 t" lftl:~-'!.,:rt':'h1c,.. io ,...erp-e~"t"'d b7 pc1scn. 1~11;; 1 ni-;s o.,.. eDJ o..her ~ind of ... "1-f"tll,"'eliC~rate, n~ ~"l'e!:lt!dite.tocl k"ll'! g 'iA rnrd.or 1c Jhn :Lr t o ..,.·<'• • �..' •• , • w ,. • • �..• • ' 1 b • " l.n t "" c ,urt laetrueta t·,e Jury th;..t 'f!rgini.s !JS rur~er ill t .0 "1..r '! T81'. le •ist~lebe.i e and mr;Jor ) �" • '• • • �I t the.t 'le killin ::nliee 1 i,," r 1a ich 1n •..-1:_c•c ... e U"1 Ct whenoTor £.e ,. • e. d pre-1:lftd.1 to~. be 1 - infora rr roio court in. t:-ruattt ...l:e jtL~ th t ove!'y ,__um.1c1tiein Jll'eeumoa •c tie ara.rtJt".!"tr.. tro eno r:..ddOJ'!"ee. Tn oi-r.or lie o!fonc f u der in • ·o i t .de l"e~ 1 t~1e 1,..1 1en cf" -r~of rJ upcn the C me:; rr oc.1.t. • a.~,. o roduca !10 t""'mnr.!o to m:~eltw&h er. t?!r '"ur-~on o! rLof' is UJ;"Jl th~ pri!i ner. V1 gin.is i +-o el.?.T te �• i· • ..~ ~ .,~ • ~ .). • ( ,. ·. - J • -- \\__✓ f V r,. • \ ~ '-) 'I~ ' ~ ~ - ' l." t • • • 1 f... , r t,> "' ~ • • I~ ~ • - �• ' • • • - • �i· • • .• �• t.... CJ I ' .... • • ~ • • �•• , ' • >11. I ,' • • '-'0R'41s r .,,, a I IAHT .,..,""" .,, ' '" �• • ' • • �• • • �i j_t} .-, IV I al t/.......).. ~ fl r},-t '), -j-'i /.,,r; > 4..J 19.l<'.) ~ st. ,n•> $-Lt..,_ /,f-C /r< Is,&b-tJ I,, 1,.'· 7 l' t ~.-t-r.-,f. It I.,,,..~,(_/~-. }/ ✓ /t!,..,,,,I;<) ~ - .')lf. {JJ1•,n,•• > •.., ,e.)( y. # I U,L I {,,.S ftr "4'- l ' /0 J_C:'/{ ef,r l~ If <-.J_._,-,. I J )✓"""<- <. ? 1. ��• • • r "".,, • t " • I �• • • �_/ ~cu;, (),'vt(.)/t-1'ii,'r-9tttd( �, �• • .... .... A, • .. r .. •d •c • ~ cl=. l • • 1 I • ~ ,1 17, • 1, ll ' •( e ... t I r..1 r, 4 <!,• ll ' • 6 " ,a a !, 1 l .• 0 ier • it 'i ' 1 • 1 r!Oe IL ul ' B l ' ll r, t • ' 1 - #' t 8 :,Or,t . • !l!:101 , • 6 er • t • an GJ.. a oal 88 l llrn afv r1 et .. ,.. ,r r, t • ar1 J. t! a all, d 1 l • 1 • Y'' an u.r r a n:t • f ia .~rfl,,:<( .~.Id..(;.,,......,. t e ur 1v y e. �I .. • • • • �• Con1monwealth of Virginia, / County of R krngharn, to-wit: In the Circuit Court ol',s.,id Ccxmty: The Jurors ot ~h ononwealth of VirAinia, in and ror the body of the county r Rockingh'am, nnd no .. <1ttonding CourL of said unty, UPON THElR'oit'Il_!S PRMSENT, thnt the CircUlL • 3g.11nmt the pel!i!e--ac4. dignity of' lbe ~ IALIY.1JPON~IJ'l...0.lTllS lliqµnlc,. AFORESA!D, DO l'IJR1'11~RPRESENT, tha and d1Sn1ty of the Common/ C°t15Ul.!~t io round on tbe te witneoees evidence. sworn in a;~ o.f v.l1l1ouy of ________ _ • tho Grand Jury to give �' • ,. ' .. • 'f; • t- .iC V ,(_ .,-4,'\.._..J, ·t~ n 0 ~ ·,~ ' r ;,. -l ;o <:: r-1 "' ,.. ,.. ••! • ' ~ 6' " 6, .,, i,a. t!,0, i.. , '< 0 " •. •' ;::: " ,,,, '!' - 0 7. ~ C'1 '' ' ,,::. ~ ., .. !i ~ 3 ~ • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Brainard Marshall Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony manslaughter. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Manslaughter Manslaughter Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_007_212 Frazier Marshall https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_182-commonwealth-v-betty-johnson.pdf 9a7732be2a2638f8a21f9ea23459ec7c PDF Text Text • et.ty ou.1:..or, Oc.no'frr:.u-.. et.ty ,liu., arr1e) 01. the l th o~ :-abrua.ry 'o: ti )r.nown aa Dotty 11111·.rit, bcit.iy ":'..i.,uu ar 1. 1.,1 ... to co: .X.011 ,,_ etl7 tt-i Ov alt ltt acco~. • ou ev 1 0 t. ... .. tc ll ~ ot" UJI io o., h .. d. .. l1 . EJ:,;>:' hol' 1; a1 o!' t • Co• . # co ..,,, o:- ~ • r :..C.:.;-'t, '.!.t otty of ·ohn.son, ell}'=- ;~-t!ca A to ~...rt. ,er to law . nlc-o req,uir-: ti!.' o i'o:-U wit ~ arric or t . .J 1~ :.'-10 r.a fit• refCIN 0 t.:l'm living! er. ! .;; tL .F.(seell �• •• F ~<- • ..,..,. ...... • -'1 () .., ..... ' <>1' C ~ (.: J 1• • .,, . I �Co111111011,vealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAJ\\, IN THE Md ll••\\ hHt'ndil:iJ: tl!-i ~111<1 Cohn Ill its 11••~ ( 1i.. Ir 1· 1i J I,• UI th::.L.. ~- ~ ~~ 1)1VYlL(., I o-wil: CIRCUIT COUl{T 01' :;AID COUNTY: ..l<.'I! In Ilic y(:nr 11J,f/. ~... G,eaze..,,1/tv'..4<-ct .. ~ I JJ•t-Zl2t . :;/Uwt --) �• • - m r r • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1911 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Betty Johnson Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony bigamy. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Bigamy Bigamy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_182 Harris Johnson https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_009_300-commonwealth-v-bernard-roudabush.pdf 7bc51202c4eca5b68ce4fbef60d668bf PDF Text Text Commoowc-.Uth of Virginia: #,,.-),/,:.1'.L J./',t!,~,/.,,._.,..,t, fl:l -'PM·" 1"4'/fl~t ti>, /11dn <'f tlittto/. "' 10 d't:l(i(fc " 1ft /tJ Jntii1 ,ud Jf'4' t,-~ t, A.✓ t.1.Jio tfa1t,1 /, .it) ----1 ../_ A. < R01lcr•r1!1'tH1t Cou11t\, al il1,11 t,f tJ.tJf.'111f'flwtu(t..-ral0, /. ..,_,,,_., chqn,,I -r11ft •t1!d tf',lirl~d ,~ ii ftkm -tlld II,, UHJ ll~r, "" ('~'lf ,11,. r,,2. C: r rn btboU o, Ov (·xr1u1f ... ""' -L rt-, Cmnt ..e 1<>,.l. ,,. 1),/m, tlil.' (;R1,\//) f. I· J.i r ;:,/ J 1u-/r -L- 'J~""".,_" .- t"atJ ,wt, n,,,,1 1uJ1/n /IN ("1·•11tln> ol U(>(t ,ltsd "'at'<" tl•('N l,.r 1$-,rf Wit•,u l/(11r1t <r L. IJ,I◄ ( KBVH.V Cl.ult <1(m•rJo-idCtJMtl, al ti•,Court lfo&<<.11 tht I/ ✓ ~• 14',J..."'( t1d • tlv tO'J-~ff nw -t Litt Cp-r~.r•lt" J/,t ,,-_/? ,.,,,_,,_ ,t/ _. ./ , C/nh �//.·,.,,.-~,./4.-/.ct ><11~~.. J.,-1 �♦ C r"" .---------- ---· 0 - �In 1h~CircuitCourtnf Rockini:hamC11aa1_1. ,. :"l,1 4 l' Utt 1;,• ,,. //i.io, 11,!ltfJ f,r ,., .1'01 •"•?IIN lff, ,·t ,w,11.ti ttr,,/ ftr,r,y·J h, I,, (..,,url, ,1.,t.f o•J ,- ./ l,1 /.( o ,/,:tr .I P Ii• ''" 111(1 r,, ,,1111 ,. {"/ �Com.moo"calth of Virginia: • u, ffr,,p,t•,r lit/m, t,,d,e o/ ,,.,. C,rnut f"t~rl _r,f H,(l(Ar,ielinrn r'mtn!r, flit' 11.,r,,-af 11I 1(1 a·rt~A •· "' lb tnt.,(r n,r 11-l' 11.J 1ly IT~Jf IP '4l" '• .., ,,,. .(~ .,.1,,4tJlltls ,ltt,'11,I .4'"1 tl•i .A -! L /- d,n of :311' ,.,""1J i,i.;J -reJ lo, I<. w,,, w,,,,.,. I f. 81.1CKll(IR\ ,_,., / ~"' kit,,, 1holl ,,M O""ttl ,,,.,.,1 ('m,rl /0 y btl-.1IJ l'I tb~ C1,~1+.t,l'r..t'oUl1 ✓ ,, ..... 4 ...... ,;--;,, ""' .,,. ... i;rt ,~ 't><fMI'tlie r.R IVD /V)<Y ~ -ti .,. /ri.,.11"(14 ,p,,J,., 1"'"'NWul, ,.I r1()() 1,,1 N•·f tJ.n, rm,!,r"r(' tl>i1 C/;rk ol ""' uul /0 ) /_ rOfJ,1/,u II-< r""'rt lt<lk.•#, t!N / ':'..J •• I~ U) -'1/1/?< ...... - 4 ✓l~4' ;I '_,, J ./ ~ •I tJ.~ ("()11tl!CQWWlfJI, �7,._,, �, ..~o 1.5 0 .-:,7 0 ,.OD 2'.10 ?';0 ... ..... • ,, I .., ' . • '\S 0 1. r; 0 1.S o 1.-:; 0 1. ", 0 J. 5 0 l. 7 o ::' 0 0 "O 0 ~..! u 2.4 0 1.G 5 ., o a 30U l,tHJ ,-.7 0 "H) 0 ".J. 0 ~50 1. '5 0 "O 0 ~4 0 '>40 '\O O "'0 0 �v ~.n-,, ~-s·t> 1,1 ,-o , , P-,' . ----- {, ..,.,.. - �In the Name of the Commonweallh of Virginia: 'fo the Sh.c-ri£1of lloc-&.h)etrnnaCoun1r, 1,1 1tJ1;1r11,.J,rji11r 1hr .finlf11 /If ITtt>l.'inwll JJ01u,-01rN •f ,; 1011',•{Q,.4•_ a. m.,, In •111~ t~'Wfi t~tlil~ 1-("h'? •'""''' rAnrv·'u'ltl1 ,,nd 11 ,,, n.-~un..i:: l'i,nrt "/' H,,d·l11.Jh,t111 ('iJ•1t1t11,,,I tlu -{ 0 ~,111 "l (0.. C. fr ' r.;::;:ul~(_ Cmv-t A l9 V', / ,,._.< ,a,lw,,,/,,,.,I!'"''"~ IH U Jrnv,,n, I' .1,.,1 tlth 1-t~(_ Allall not ,,mil k,t,/,,- thr I ,, 1/Jr, nf .L'IOO, .lmi lt,,t? lion u.nfl ll1rre tlw, If j It, IVi.lM•~. J, !;, IJL ICltRf!R ..... (~l t'/1. <•/our •11.i-tl<._'ont,11/ J/,., ( 111.rt JJmN•it. tltt: -,,,o,i,Jyf1/ l.i:!- vV· . 19 YJ,,11tlli llu-'41,~fJf'.<H'Vfl/1,. 9 .'f. , ,,-.:,l ~,,_~--, ('<1tntllhf)lr1,;>1tf,. -- ,.,,.,k �~ -/4 ,/,,,,,._ •j 7euJ.,._Jf.... <-( �Tn the Name or tb~ Commonwealth of Virginia: I • ,,·I,,,~, •'fll• r.A "'I ,I J,a;/ ,,~u rm,l llurt I/ii, W,t,HtA••• I 11:1tJ, uM ,,.,firt, I /(,1· n /,-fl,,.:, n11f.«cm('llAQr g/rnlf 11ul "11fll 10-.rlrt Jiu· fll'l:t~ll!I Wuc. [,', OL.Jl"KC('ll.N i"l,·rl., ,,f (Hlr • ~,,,1Cmo'I, ~r£ ,,1 1011 .IMI ti,-, ( Mtrl Aur /{qt,,~. u,,.,, lh.e ,w • t'ltrk. ��f •• Arre.1 Warn.nt Commonwealth ·~~1 To. Wit: Rockingha • To •a Cons'1Me of said CGunty: m rhc \\l,ere:J.>._~~~~:::!:::'.!:::c_- cc>mphint and .io:,i< on ouh htfor 1nfo·t1~1 Cou111f <----<.._ h...~ 1hi d.l~ made::t Ju-.ti'---e~ I t IC <a.id County. th~t ~ lhe!c att thcrd~•rc~ in 1hi: nimc ul dtc Lummom,c-'.l!th ,,. \ ir;ini2. : , cumnu:,rl ,ou hmhwith m~. or <f'l-ne Dlhcr-JtMl1.~ ,.f d.c 'SUJCounn. ~ ?1'-';-.,__ _] ........... ,..,,,_,.~~, :apprehend 2nd hnn..::bd~ wmrnc:m ________________ the ho1.h ni the- (,f'P, -.Ji'1 _ 10 appear 2nd g1,·t' evidence in behalf of the Com Bl(~,,i:-ahh. on rh<' c,,mm..:uc ..rt1 H•o, hiol,! 1bc l Gin:n urukr m, lund and ...a] th.i.i: z. C < Aid �I Jud~\":01 n., die Qe,f,ra,aas '-cl , tm,- ...t llwd __,. - -- ..''°'""'" ,.,,... ~---...,. .. ---------·J;.< ·; ... �. ' A. ..., ·"' I •• .,},. ��v. C!!AR!ll !!'0 TE:; J'Cl!Y llS!INARll R01:D!llU$ll I1' you flnd ,~tlty, yo Will I::" you rind t •n you will 1,i lernard Roudl).lmsh, no~ a7 so <.Di no 111ore. him guilt, oa:r ao ontl !he por..itent1ary nor mora tban th~ ncc"sod, s tu ohar;;od in ~he in&. ctment, h1n puniaJ -,ant "Y oonfine· "or a period o! r.o less t1ve years, not exceeding one ,ear, or, .t.an in your discretion, or o~th such t\ne •nt one y~ar by a tine t 1" Jail and imprison ,ent. �Coaaomr~al th V BernorA Roud.e.bu.eh Charce to ·the Jury �..' Ii• the 01rou1t Court or said Connty: d or said a bodJ, OT "t an a to obt'-e 1. d unl ..-t'Ul. rate·' !at aldo or iver, 0 oet"' _., Stoll a Coot doah Oity, tl.e ttrovrl • tl.•J uo.14 wtella. iol. Jook, c ,v; ort&l ou1 1 u,-::1;1y Ued. Am in tl,e 11un~r ar. 110 torr: tt a Juror e in<l tl.e Juro,-s i'u.-th•r raaant .-.... e, 1927, 1 " e Co 1· ok ~ e Q co -- "814 o.:.Eo oalth a.toresatd G.ie. kill, u o•. c.etr 11.1'1, 'id oath• ot 1 oatm,1 t.1 oat e '..hn l.oth dlJ.¥ ot G.rl YB an a 1;0 o"Ue tollo-,;i o.1 .And eo ~l ss.id ., ..o Jurors tor.: a.orec.31d talc i t.er, o~ Stella .nd kl a.r ,,er tl,o 01111,U g Cool::, to tho all.!.G.Stella a ore aio. u a on:,i.rli !loudab I "re 1 ::J. t· e re&d a..:d t\L'Y"ll over, us1 ortal -...ile t o o etwoon tt. ·, a.1 ra :.ml. inJu:,10!(! or w"aia ~- lit, peed, to leave do aroroaud, .j or ,. oo.r 111'."ln.st to ot ··.!.r£1n!a. ht ,,ta fLd e. mortr-1. won d 1 o ai.L ".i Y ,rs;,· on the wes ...!. !1e o.r tl:& i'..t im.1 'tl: )tlt"a ·etio, 0·1e Slolla ;ooJ: C1t:r, 11raokle 81, b:· t= Spotswood. ..,l:"a.ll am ,lemnd.:ah psbli~ ti,ne, d :utter , 1e10,10ua).s t;· a!oM nild S1'oml!l• oar o.t t! orna::,d. !la ,do.bush an or t,bout ,ha~ a we .l Juice 1. Stoll~~ " aforeoai , aeo a au r.nd. unu 11 g ter a e. ~ • ·oad o o tl:e o. t a,; 1 .J,pot, 1.ood '!'rail ltl, 1:L'll 1 01, Joo ,.,.1.; St lla lio • e on tie d auto ;o il.e to l av cause ).er, ap e4 o ufl:er a. ortal Cooi:, t1' eir a:-cth .. tore the eat S~ella <llli d Jtella 1 u,ta.:: tly " a., died. • •1 o say tl:a. ,unner a 4 ~ook in th "- c I. di !t;r or �I • • • • �tl.e 1o~omre..e..l""..:.lGt Vi rg1nia. I.!:d "'c!.o J :irora 11.to::,esald u,:o.;i U.eir o&U presont ~.1.t ::arD&rd Ro~dabu,sb o:: or «"bout tlla let!. 1927 in t!'4e. ~ollDty arora .aid. did \.hile tt1e :9ubl!0- l 1gl1wo.y on 1i,,ltOvurnt Side the J;.la co: let, tho timi:. cont:rol, and wottr..din Stolla n:nd no caused upo1: thoir 9e.i.d Stella kill, ~~--et Joot 1•1ltw,tly wo=d, "ilie ~fJll.111' an\ dl-:!t,1 Jol:w !.a)ler, before ti i:: ert:1.nd ~ook i,einr V!. r;;tr.ia O!'t~ the aai~ s1'or~sn1d Bc:r.oe.rd '!tou.de.buoli e.toreCJ ~ 11, t'elon.iously CdrJmO n;!lltL -teLti :;rii"t'l ✓ Jur~ WO'llld ,>l.e, Ju.rora tile oaid IJ-f ~., on;-..e ·1~ l~ WS.3 no-t t:nder I! a,umL g" ar, o~ wl,loh Oook i \ i:nn.LZ.erand. rort1 .Loud~!'b.:o,c.J: •:1111.a DtiV1B, &1d. A. J. 1 acd. sent fU ,.-,a $0 the died. ~a,....n!. =·::i,,_'f!s, between aa tie oach-:i ai·oJ.·onn.id do ~a~,t that tte Ri wr ';>Ianandouh or. 3c..!~ S-:.e.ll& Cook to th": n-olII!d 1 Cook, to &.rl:toi- a '10l'tal 3'!.id Stella Jur.e, u~1tomobile 11.. one .3 ella --10 sa.td. :1ta-~e. .=ooE, her, da;r of no c't.':'"iVrt auu: on~· that tl rcnr1r • rn 3,-e::-. ti:cl'e'tl" 1.. of tt 3potS71ood "'t•!All uJ:1d s: er ..'ln,loa;:. City, Lim in tl:?.- car at tJ.e dr1v1n,g do or~saioi 11 " Davi~, ll., ey o! 1! rr:.le 1... a.D 11tmet.aa.::. ~·iry to 1;.·ivo ov 1 de1!<HJ. ot lld V!sr 11118. v = las, ::Oon_e..1:i-,d. SWOl'll I. Court �~ • , • ..... ' /I, ,. ..,." 0 .. Sb . ,...,. ... ~ g;. " .. t~ ,, e >-j .." " ~~ ~ 0 :, ,'.l ' • 0 ... ~ •D ~ .. ,, ,. t •• i; 0 - t u. 0 -.. •1 ~ <> ... ,. r;: "' i; "... ':? p, .,. g ~ -C, ► .. ti:,' t1 .. .. ~ a, >-j �l"Ollff'IIU/5 ) ~ llou4alluh • �- 8. _(U,-,u,v ,,,..~ ,~-••,«<.~ 'jP.t!i.~ I, .• ~ "::1,;;u,{_ ...., J#, ~ l,( ,....,._.__ -ff""•L- ~~ vV.:,,~(.,.,r ~ , 1.-F" f.JO /.S-"' f";i.d iT � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Bernard Roudabush Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony manslaughter. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Manslaughter Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_009_300 Cook Roudabush https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_008_239-commonwealth-v-bernard-lam.pdf ed5a9367178e5217abbd24ba0e81cf5a PDF Text Text • .. ' •• r ......... _. W. ea,.cet or•.r:i :eiu _ t1on f lnno,e t.h~'!'efc-1'::i, rJle_ (.A.IJ0U8e'a o 1r ni■ t•_,,,bur.ion of .,rovi,.;; """l t b If. t,he f11' ul f<,,~r h.'• a,utlt o! the w11.,1 use& rti.l! t. ~r cvi!e:J.04!, th .:-e c...:ute of u ..t. en; ~.. !~::- reQBi;iu ble t~o · 11 the EU11t or the t.1l,dn r,c80t~blu l,03ou ~o~we n1 •he c~rnrt: !11rt,1ar do;.1.bt it ;.t.t. t. 5!?:.t.e ·Jo::.~r ..acv .t-DA ~:ic;i.aor w.J.:i:10 of tJ:.e Jt,rors. telLD ahoaU tee c~ndltion t~c- choau ln ..:i t·oc.e "asbtc !1'>1. t.m :a,r-il'!-bat ! tb.1J u• ee WC... cl.. ...· 1,eli. o.t •!.l i.!, euch , tbtr, Jo:r; Qcl:t. ooefJ:, t.uo et.....; ...-ea t11l'J & o~ tM co:....~.on- ti; ...vt:,n u 1Jrwte,do 11).\i,:mo .... t e ,i:hJl• ;.et.t~t-n;, '1cubt uot £'D,iJ.1.:,"' :t. caa u d;e,r v"4e .ao, ...'.'.!'6VP-Itho th.ii. the; ,JtJ..uiot scy �, • ' �'1'~1 u.c.J.....wtil c..:;.:..s~ghtt";, tlm &:.._d b-., t;i:ll ~!l- l::lfl ~h •.e ,ct '.be 1tther ";lt1l"4er a:- wt. er it b6 'lflO or ta 1t. #al n..:, •hDr ... 1d on• rliehi:1 tl:cn d.e,Pe1 ie ellior 1 • tl aet na ... • t:.l 4 C if,i.:.t. •~l t .!" J no • lf 3•~f, hilJ • "'..- t,-dl •. ,r aeri -' i::.urd.• r • 11. do t " ""l)VOC!L ti~:.., ... l- -:ar • , or l., h.-....-.J. or f ' t -· 1 1e'le... a U '-1,, to 1'-t. e!a.ll~G, .--., ...- ... t ;.i..i Oil --1' t c..t' Ult .i.r.,. .u :ca • i ll ;:i. el, ~\..a, .t' ~ Dll lt s - -- �.. .. • �• • • wl th() t Just :lauoo r fJXcua" .. �• • • �f •• , ..rd • .rei ls r 111 d.&U d ,j!•,;)e ..1 d JU""·d -:de.:' !_ tro .-,orpetr_t.r ..a. t:.,. J'..:H,0!-1, 1;1. .:.!....J 4 ~ t.- o ".LI.!." ~!lful, ~- :na 1"11 into .:se:1..,.A .. r.l .. ber,.i.to -,..,.1 f .. :-::.t :ie.grec: tul "i; 1~ 1-- J.osro . •:::ii\.. L..l"C!or tn tt;e 1 ·..:lie:- llh1-.. t.',..rvint.. or Clll.ed..ii.~t.._d i..J.rdor. r .......r'i!o:- ~er ! , t _ ,n ti • .i.:a.-du �• • �• ...::.e Coct"'t · . .lli s 1a in ...e:-e iul1~o w.l .....t,d!r !:ls~ .~1. •. eLberr,ta, rro:z. t.~J.-1,ot _ at. ts t e ."-r" t. t: .d pr adlwt~!. ~-""7•.r t. e tne :!.s.~ �• �• 1 e.::.JluU.e va; d.. t di;..1t. d.Lr-oct t s .rec... _ b~e t:s.. tnca s .. c.. t t .1.lt ... :.1011,1. 1t e _uti'tltsi.. t l ' t1 ..o.o ..t -E �• �•• • - ,. .. -:ad. .•. 1: t •.no .... r-.... ;:t_ t t d.ots.:r ·,1 t et .t..o 17 ti: I fi..:" • " ... tr .lLl·• ~ .... t ..e. o.r• t .. th .... r 1 tuOB~ d ~ • ... ... oil ti t_e4 _1 .?, r "l! .. i 0 L :" clr.:. ad. t to -0611 • l a;,~ .,.,.._b , t stJu..: D •\;,.IX to. • • LJ t:" \'G ) + ~ • • to 'bo ,,. v'--_. t.,;, U. 1 tr -'-• r I. re ~ t I - �• • • • • • �• •• • f( . • ...r;. t. ~ ...1th " , ui "'rCl.er �• • • �IC 71., ,Jo, rt rolt•s O. l at eeltb u on o1raumt:tant1el 1n ~r.111 oaee, tho Court evlttenoe tel.a ev1 nnoe With thfll fr~ate-st. r&Lted p ove4 iJ yrell241ce4 teudll \l b a \ :In o. ■oral t I> or.4 t!ie u1ou jury caution; o rv1cticn !or UlL they mJt and L,.,,oy t1 ~ .1 rea raoter aa ~o >c4 ce I ~ b Mct1cn ~ lo; bt. • ilt as 1 8.:lo.n th.a r.ot tie w:1:-- Y!lrt4..ct of g,,11ty w 1.~ee the clrour.s"t:s !lr!di "'"e f q ra1r C. el e ces u - e- �' • •' • j �//) to :.e11tl • �• ' l • �(/ T' e Co"-"t inetnc-• or r,lil but S c•dor by the "i•tfflt of t.}-e guil.t of t ., acc"8~ proven J:iry 1a are oonaietent with Ilia lnnoae:tce, mere e11sp1.oien or pro &l-Uity t'•at "1"'1ce to J.::tirv to a cctn'tctiori PTidenee 'l'h• c;ct.it facta not ,rill , · ft oonv1etion t.&a l~d..e of the ot 110: t"• acauaed J;.ay beyond to be into:-~ed rlt11 "1• i;uilt, but o" tJ·o eocua1d, ~at l:o !li&t:1a!18'1 rea..sona'tle (lou.bt, e~al::, 1:ec&Wle t e r.ho7 must be l'lcOn- �- - • ' - -• I. • .. �IL. 'l'l:e Cou• t inetrlcta aocuacd. to eatablie!l Ra t'-e c~11ty the ~er ,at~atlo~ ~,its 1nnoce~ca party, boy~n4 reasona:,,le the Jury but that 1 t ia not 1no'.llll1'&nt on the by pointin!! the burden ia on do~'bt -:.:..o "'°J.ilty acenc.r o! :he erime be~ore out aone ot~er peraon to e.'·•• o~ ~he e.oc·.isffl tiaelf in tr~ ~e can~. c=n"eallh eonvict~d. �• �• Ir tl\e j·.u-;· bellwva what-w-e:r for , o la accused, a-ridenc~ fnils to el!Or: &!J1 Motive "by· t;lte di,..,.endant ot the t·-.e"l -;-...e Court telle or a ~o~i~e or i~d~cin• of 1 ta e~esion ■ 4:ro..:ic th" co~iasion tJ:e e,idenoe tl:at t!le Jury cri":n.e O'! 'Whlc..'"' tl'!at t·,.,~ :L'bae-tce oa~sa ~or t~A cr!e~, b.7 defll"n.clant 1u i':l !"eas:onal-1 e d'Jubt, i! or atl.,.Y t~e #act a..Ho-rda a T-,.ea,.;:s,ti,n. o!' r1a innoce-:ce. ~all;;lta!l's Caae, 45 v~. 6?2 • �• ' ..' l • • • • • • • �..• 'I •' 14 • ?.ha Court ~ \·ict1ti. to "tte r&nd fired the wi t.h aw other ff!~ hC1.. i·.:1d.e i:tct?"Uctr of the shot thct cir ott.cra .,...te J:uric-se er e 't} ,-r o~ i;tec ,&.nl al so nret or i. ther. flrim •rs !f s.e,·,ert.: "'t?-e Jul"}' tia,t. u<;cUE44. 'to ni:n, x111,,d Alhert t the tn ■t tl.e Gr!t,;but if of 6t"NlaEi!'...,__t1.:ir. 1!111.t ert Crim :Wl..8k llod J}er~or...s ~oh: in tt• 6 T'UXJ 01 t :fLt&l ahot, otder .-Iih .hi1S C'fT' tllo •ocueed t " Hee Cr~t rd wai, preeent of the r.~£tcr l y t}ie u} oi of one ~ho 8cc tf'ed ia ~a r:n..<.:-h f'".i1lly o•' the ne h•d b!r. • nl:f' fired t.eceeur,.in aoollued hl-.me of tt1l ~on Crri.m ct 1.lt-t-r·, cir t.hote curd er l'lf Albett =•rit 1• i;;o cont.11. a cr1r:e.eacl "Orar:ar·t. 1.f' f"' il ty of tiny C!"ilne\ c t'i?t:Jti tted of the 1 t. lt. net ue ltiw tt.1t o'! ...en L. eat ..ell!! h;,- 11·:,· of the others uor.:n:.onplain or t.s a not-1..r(il or pro ,., lo cor.teq_uence when in ,ruron1-n~ of it. �• • �Jn the ,11n1t• uf the Com111ouwenllb of \'lrJrtniil: T• tJu ,;hfl!ri• , f a ...~11-.1ta.. C'•¥atr. ,.,,-.ti••: \"ou I.In! h,-~- cor11111.1nrld lu !llllJiJlr•ll ti 111n ,s.,, h Ill C,uunlh ~d ~ .\11tl IJ,i~ \ I I 11 Iii (,111111 A..~..{n I , lfy oncl IIK' 1-nrll 1,, ~ Y ~ _ _,t;_4- II, ll'i(', nt Ill n'd,ul' o. r111,fan1 ..11,hfl 111.\CKlll'R,' . 1 !~ 1101 t 11111 llll(f. I •. r1. , "'. :111 I 111 tlif• Iii I JI fl 11illy of $11111. ,\1111h n1 thl·U :uul lhn, ~ r '7 y, l! l <of lh, t rt 11... C~•mmc,111\l Ibo Jhh, L...:J 1111!\Wr1I J "' �., I:' " "" 0 .. "'.. ~.. • "' "'n .. " ..' ••.. "' • ~ ~ ::,- .. .. .. • !'.! • - 0 &' ... .. .. :, • ,, .,. r • ~" • ... • J • .. .. ... • H ... .. .. ... .,, --= M .... ..• .. • ., "' , ' ., ~ 0 • :, ' • ~ �lo ttte Nnm~ or tflt C-0mmon~1•1'1Lhor, itifnl.1.1 Tot 1hc s,q;lf 1, L l.,,•' p f r., tin"' Utt-Jia / 7__, 1 <t1 lfL..c. If ol I r. ..r 'o/,n!, Bl11~ .. I°"~ I ri. nil I ,1 r 14 Grtt!.l•a ,.•• tlw-( .,~...,, ,n al' IIN f_,1.•mn,.• \f f ""''' R, Li<,.,n11nI '?,?Cl! d \\' 11I .!Mil. J. l ..- k••tl,,huh1• 7' "" J!., -.;f in 11 \hd b '"' rill, II 11',\1 1 l. I 1.ntU1 ) I h I usm ff n r • f 1111• ( um, at l Ith l'J✓.-,, ~.,. Llus\\ rit d yof �.13 -· ~ • • - ··/ ~_ ..... ...., �l la 1he Name' of the Curnmon-wc11lth of Virginia: ·ro the ~.-rtff uJ - -:> ~ A-ttddniz:b:zh, ' Cuunr,, • tr1"c11:tin1 • • r ,r F ,ti, wu,,~t•uuht>l1·nfnl u ,'l1111 fl,i~ ~ ,,,. t IJ,~,-,11,J If 'dt. , ...,,. J. P. Bl-If ?//. 111111 - lurlrrl,. ( f ..r , 11'/~"IJ IM1ll 1111f1111111 ""drr ,,,i,,t,1,,Nr,;,;r flt,. ,,,,,,,1/y of .t lfJ(t, K'Jll I .. V, (' . JU f '",., 111,t iu 1f,r I< '" II , tA �•• ....,,., l ,t,,_ • • , ., , �• Ln the Name of 1he Commonwealth of Virginia: r. tbt- SIM-riff ol k6t,ti ....... G.rffh•.-:. ,., .... "· • I r~__,-,"1 l, . . • ~/ .. ,.__.y _;,,_.~,,, • ~ .,,.., Ji.i- •' 1// '" I .,,.. fr 111dr.r Jh, ,.,. ,,,,,., o,,-.,.,. tltu n·n, U",t,~elt,<r, ,/, J,' rlm1oj' Ul,,/('h"fJf.rll,\', ,r;; 7. (J,n,J. 11/""r •r,f,I 1t,;:t,4,.unllNt/r,f!.., a ~~ ltf! -1tf l'fJtt.rl. ill ltlf.l. ,-1~,I l.r,r, H,rn JI,, ('IJltrl /11>((.t1t, riv' ,,, r1•Jflu(~,,,,m,n1,r,o,1JO, f'ltr/,· �.. . •• r .... ... .... --to~• ., ... , • r,~-,.,c (I .:: :, • a: ~.,,. • . ".. ;:t4t-JQ- 0 " ·• • • ... I'/. --- r. . .IJ, / 1~ 2.. ~ p C -'• �'. - In lh4.1Namo of rhc Cominouwealtll of Virginia: To uw ._hffi.U nl N.oct.li:tGb;im lounty, J 111~,ur l,rrd.111 ,.,.,,., ,1111,11/Nf f ~11m 1,11m 1 ~ -t c..<.... .,7l-U• f N,,.-l.., ■ 1h "" ,J~,JruO, '""--- ,,,,,1lhu., '"JI '" l-41",lf /'L_.,, ''-'l"tr-' o JI.. 1 1,, I ut 1J., , •..,...., rn"""•"-.."1}4 ..... u>~ l"'f-itl r ,,t "''" ('1111rJ 1.7 y _,,-~II ' "-L llii,1 ii "il11r•~. ,I P-1) l•• t'w••'Jt ,1),;y, 1l,,11tJ/ ,r,f t:tt.:tli,11t: ,-,,,,, ,1, lf'nt I /1/. 11·1...-nr1:~\~ r /n·J. ,.,. 1•.'(r, ,ti( ('.,""' ,jy n..Z Z.,. ,utd {n ti,, 17 7 ,,,,,,,,,, Iii, 1-'-/./L-~-"L/ 1/ ,ttf.,. "·" r,,mmw11r,.,,1t/, .fi,.____.._,._ ('lrrl.. �• G.,M,v. ·~- f ....1-,,JJ t ,.., ;{ L/~ ... --...... �............. ............ \. In the Na.rue of the Conunonwealth , ol Vi,¢niu: • • :;/,- ..-¼...-.---z._~ M t!:).,,.___.,._,,....,---- cf3,,,,.,, -· - • ~A-<-<-/ ~fol/ l11Lt ,,,.,JIJu-r•· Ll,i-.. IFnl H-1b<1l'-U • •/ ~ I dn'f r1f l• -I "'.,, ..___,....,/ 11/,,,/1 m,t umil u111f,,.,.1l1r Jitllftl/rt of /;' 1'i0 .Jn.d )im•~ . ..._. JJL lf'A lll'J, ,r,..,,,.,.. , .. I t ..:rJ. 11/'""r _,,,; I!'-'!. W,,....n,tl m- /Ju ,., r I- n11n/ 14 7 ,t ti,, rqkrt a.,.,, l],,-JJ~e. iJ" ,,r· V tfv• C,,,,,m nu•,1/ih �.:Z. I, �• ln the N:tme of the Commonweottb ol Virginia: 1·0 lh(! :-,h4:eilf nf f.hw:trw111:1taroCou.1:111.C1~dt111• f",.1,unru11,·, "'"' t11 rr O,i. 1t nl lJ"ittt,.11:!. .f. I" IU -/l'A'f:{l(,l ~•. t l,rl.: ,,f nt1r c,i/,J l'Aalrl, ltl, b,.j ,-,+L+ 1•0 1/t th l"u ,rl "ti JI uu, ,l-a,p /1.r • Clfrrl.;, �'·-·. •• _, • = •-./0. ✓ ,po.-v ~r~ ~ t< }f i~ • kf ti ~1/.A-c..J~ ~i ~ . JI �,._.._. ~v. lo the Name of tbc Commonwealth of Virginia: 1·d 1h-t Sbr-d,U 1)f 81>cldn-.h11m Cuun1)1, Cffl•tingi ,,.,I ti. ,, th ' �•• 1-...,..,..... • ..,,,.., ...__,,,,.,//,;. ,.,~, �• In the Name of the Commonwculth ol Virginia: T,, tl'lfl ~h,rrlU or H<w'kln1l1AmCuun1y, Crceliui:: •• lit lt'J!ifJJ ,111dI.A,, rut/.. lo ~!Irr llf l,,rli,,•lf t•/ ---;,Q--c. -J --"..,~ 1h,,1' ,,,,~ h,;(i.1/rrr, tlti, Hl,t. •T"Un,.u. J, I/ ,l,u, of F, r -,,~-_. ~I~ "•It /JT f('J,.·111 Nii.'. ,;_.,,. ,.~ n . 1n.J r,11,/rr I~ f"l'H 1,/ .,.,_,,,-.,,,, dty l'f•Ul'I, • ,,nrt 1-,il/,,. 1,1 'Y J 11{ £/CHI ,,t 11,~ {\Jurl ,,,,,,.n/tltr ~..... ,fml , lmr, })1,uN. ti,,,. II,( ('<,,,i,,,,mt'rqlf/;,. ....,..,-t:.t ..... ".... ~ ' {:(. • "Lr4.. �• - -· •• l ' a C -..' .., . .. . "' "'"'..... ... , I! •◄ .. .-.... '< (l e:, ti a • -- �• In the Name ol the Commonw('nlth o( Vir',riniu: 1 o liw ~h~rift J"',..,.II } «_b_,,✓ //7 '/-....t..,",. ,,..,.,,..,r 6t/;•r '4 fl,.._,;, 1t' ~~,t__,t_ /''"<-',,. IA H ...... ,,, /0 • /od.,. r1, /11 ••'IHII 111,,u _.. ,v ./.., ...., ,,,.,, , - .. IN • /1>I f/1i1 -U ; / f/i,,.r I, I 11·rfr Ill tr'lfl'fT/l I' I ( d,,. •T 'd \ t41,r1 fll [,I , ~ '-..,('I. V ea ,,., Count)', CrN1ting,: H J11,l1t 11f tit, I , 11 ,,.__ nr1h11i.1.-itham , •I J:r,,.J, J-.11,,,, .. # .,_ ~~ -,1,,.,,,. C,uu,1.s, ot - ., ~ d "'(.---£.<,.~ ,:.,. , ttu LPlo;t ,:,;, .;._/ �oy del1Yer1r-t; •~":ej arr i'°' 1:ellon BreeJeci l.'aure l!ortl• Ml' ■. :.r:.r.11 l'.£.Luo,,o ■ u~arn e!:hir. r.c 111ltoa, tri.u:: thie tho u: ic P..T.Fre;- L\.lt)ier Broil a Ir r•eraon wl'.h II day~! Jee, 11 ~OJ'Y cf the Oc~.I"" Derut, ,l .• -;: ~• ! Dilla:d ,~ ._t1 t ¥ )-. • Il ' . t • J ' Rook!n. "O. ,Ve. • t ~ ,;;., f ~ber!tf ~c~ j ~ • ~\ f ' '"' ~ ! • ii' ,rj �" T(I THE SH81llFFOF ROCl\l~GHA \I l\ll'~TY. \'lll(ilX!.\. .. • .,.,., ,'-~r /Tr ,,,rl,o,J I d A Ill((•/ II' ,¼.:,r.,ftr,,r »w11Uflf,I tT",;,w,, • .61..t1wrr 5"1 ,II /.zh IA, Ber...ard 16th ferry E,Shenk ,,.,ti111N4 , n;;prdr (J,11/,fi,.J1., • ; "',u 10 ,i;..N".u "'"' ,,.,..,,q,,•,~f ~ JV• t,,srr~ ~CJ lfov. P. ✓ E.,,..P.olston l!,i,,J.lleoourh J.r.Rovercomb c.w.nova 5,H.Lelf18 Caler. D.flo17 ;.,, , , i1 /n• .11/i·, •nujl,('11 �T -- • .. • �n'jf'<d,, /d Mn, n-' /tu#,1, I,, r,l(rnd - rt'frd,_,,ffvu_:; h<;tqrr tit, (frnnl _j) -· 11.0.rrr•hf ,u.d prr,,,IJ ,uu/ tlm J,r, ' ,,1. t fftr, I P'- ttJ NrVl::1.11,.tlrnm ( 01Ut{r, ,9-:. A°- I(' lo'I;,~ rtl //fJ r»,uxnl dill j,i41f.J' �,1~1 ' j~ ~<u ~ ~~ . fy> ., ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~ cl j .., ~ ~t.' �• 1n the );°am~ of l~t> C'om1ru111_,.,a..hh Qf ,,r:rlnb: nt 1ltt-1l..i11~h.1u:1 l'•••ltt io Un• ~linllt \'1111 ~ ,-. Kl '7 ~-- ,~~--,.,,..-:--r/ .,(~,. 1A1 -1.. (!/f,a~~. ~...&>.( :,.~ _....,,._ if ~ 1 9;!:_./.-.,.(-....: '<, "',- r ~~_$f f.r...L,._,.., c,-v, eru 1,:ri,, ('1110111 m,kd lo tJ I mum ,n-;~-k~- .Pff.,~v,,..~<-'~y.d& .~~ r??j-s• ,K~I'~ ~U- nrtt,1111t: ~.,,U.'f/ '27/,... ,(- J.----.. ~~- "J.~ f(.,l·"..ti-1.,-:11' 1'?:/~&.1,..~·~. a .....~ ~... ~,. ~t.~:-i.;..f,.-"(". ,ptfL:......,....-/1.k '~1k "See! ~..~ ~-~-h-~f:ci~ .L_'&d '0A ua,.d..G,-.-,_,,r ..f_,, ~ -n;_,..,~ 6 ~ 'A--:,o-"-..d.~E~✓~........,.,.. ,J I•• a111Mci1r b.~f111 111't'J1.11I·,• u£ Hu Lin.-1111C-11111t,i H, rJ,i11,:b.:1m Lonn!~. 111tLi• C,111d 1loi1"-•'•ol 10 u\!ud.; u. 111.nn lh ,G. ./. _.,[' hr-h:.lf (,r tlK" d~ttid:ult .. ,...1 ,~ r/ ,t1y ul 4 J'l t!t.s, fo t,:~lih 1111dflu• lt'ldl, to a11yu, In tht- lJJ'\lW"CUlkihof u ... Commnnw'-alth. r•lAintilt.. .-J.:,Ull'll , ~ pol \Vitne~"-. J. F'. l';r .,..,,- omit u1D"r lhr ,111.:m.lty nf $If.Kt. d 11 nl �I . r. C I n • 9 ,"t Rll'), n ..."'"'t,,. I j ,, ~. I <l. .. ,, " • ;; ~ �• • . .. .. ' .. . .. .. . ·me CommonweaJrh of Virginia. 1:4 /"'- / Tothe~of ~"" . ,? ~...,,.-,_.c/,.,,n,r, 6.-. ,;t: ....,n--. ,.... �I • • .. • • ,._ �... . .....' ,.,. ~-•~ ...... ,..,., 'lne Cornn1onwt;,a_l;th of Vi~~inia 1 Tothe~~ -c,f~ �• •• �' •• • A«e,1 \V11tr.1J11 •• • • These 2.r\' 1he.rcfdn· .. 1nthe mame o( . )f'lllc,<.r<r11) tl,,Comm("n, ..e-.tlth ,1r \'itgini-.10 t.."OmrTIUkl _you ron.lm11ti 10 appn- •~2;;~•;;~0~ plaiiu nnd to bt• fnnbet ,knh '\\ilJ>M°C"Orcfu:11-t 10 13\\, .\nd .~f>unre rcquin'(I 10 su1n• num nlOllwcoll, g.n1 10:11,pe:;ir-nnd give'-'' ldcnoc in he.half~Otll~om Gi.,cu under ms baud Q1\d $C.al 1hk-;f:/ .. "--- ~ I -•". xruHin:11 ioo tO~chi11gt..hcsaid offcnl'4'. • io the: )'C'2rt•JP?' d· ' •---• ....... ~J. P. <seulJ �' �I • JC~ _..t, • ft Virginia, Rockingham • ,. ).,,# z.z.~-<4 a~ "'< L ,~ 7 County, 1 • ~,l_ I,,,..,. t;,...<-<--> - ~ ._;.oo W"'""' W:irr-a.::.t I(,~ ~ ....£,_ COSTS [ M~•• .1, 0-.d~ --- -'P--j17_~~ STATEMllN~OF "- ·Kt.. ,,._TJ,L Pi .\CT LL to-,\'it: I~~ .R~-o Conimon,vealUl vs. ~ 1, .... ~ 1 "'"' ,-- 11,.ill .,,...., . . .... .. 1 rs ~ ~ b \\' "-,,(.~i" "II"•" ~,. ' l= ' l/ . • L ii,l,~l- . ··•- .. fl'Qtl t ) 6 .I:/'•/(,, ~ - - , I IRK()~ ·1 Ill COURT .... ,. .... , ....... ... . WlllL":1111 C' rUllelllo)I l Vlb.•cr ( , t ~ 1r~ ,J{,.[_J~ ,l_ ~ ~ ~ /4, - . .. .L,.f,,_ .. ' /J~ ;-1-- J ,.J .. 1-f 0_, ·,__ -1--- ' 1J43''• - . - -·___ -·-~-·· :__ -- Tr Pl ~-~ame• - · ., _,i;o \ ' r ,.•,,,, ................... \J Tli 0 0 1''lJ1ll 1\tlle• s ~ .:...e<.. - !I - ~ ~\mount ~ $ .,3 s s J_ s ~ ..3 ~ - ·~ 1 bNc.b) certify that the follo,dng 11ddhi1.umlwitnesses ,,ere cxomin<X1(or the ( ·ommonwc:lhh and ,v~rc uHuc:·rialwiltH..:sses J~ ~- f).~~- JI-.. . ~ -- -- --- o.,. -J_ s J "t. Jnt )1..st~- .Am,()Ctftt $ $ $ s .J l hereby ccr1ify that the Jorrgoiog i<:, corr~ct 1c.lk 1.t,J.n _$ __ s ~ s ! fJ? �..•' • '• • • ' • • ' �• • • •• • oA! .u.Jl t for•,.~ • ."' • • .. �• , • •• • • �' • •• • • #'t.oC :- r .,e_ t r :.r.>in.. CJi.:. t,i' • • o..... t.1:ei:- oat he, 01.. d. ·~ 1 t. ! ..w,(j 4 toere n ·• :roJo 1 ,al •• b. w...11 1,;, ;. ro a i. a tb rc:ed. '..I. • ' t d, 1 d fl ... t lJ. ..lou '""""'.• th .- t t t • - 1. :.e •• ,. •• ot d lllll ar r e d • or COL t .cL.J. a al! fro l 0 L.nd On -h l ... " bolow t e --·. -er at 1n t. ~-T ." f r ~ L ta> bv\;•.•.e ~.1.rd f.._1· Oll?...l . J 'bi.o,:. boat on t I» ..,e!t e.c a.a r~aa.,._, Su i th ta, ad _,,,.,bcu.t .Argo4 l er:mni ... 1c1 • 1 tno 1'ro -11. ll - r ♦ .c don •• -ut II. "1: ...&.;, to J.¥ ... t):o d t!-e:-e \'tlth ll 1 .e-id ,J. rl ba; 1 :t.h U, Ill t .... •• -~di ..!'t, td .._bel"t ..,rice. ID 1.:i., .. ~" an 0-"-1 flt 'osado. ..!l 1.1l l '11m, lxl llet or . ,,, I -lA the L .rd .. ~r... hi t, trll!., or r • 11h L • r ..,__ i!-r. .:-.:t 4. -~ ~ • 8 4 t. t ....e ~ l 0 b., t ll tell A • a ...i,r done 4 0 1. , 1., ...;;, 114 • • 1 t o u• 1,_ lit. c ~ea t lOIU lhc . �'. ' • • • • • �• • • tr.. tb ., _ 4 ou w..vi GrL::l:I., IJ:t .... rt .. ,1 tbCT'eti!'tt..r r,;ir.1,1'h1 Cl c,...,4. orothOIJ.g~t, "ti.a.ti litis of did Ui, C~::r.o nt nlth .:.i.ldio~t 11t.c:: !a • 1•1...,.•• ::i. ". •·~c ;i!.11"'4&:r, dtr-1-i flOlUd. OU ✓ 'roy. v.,,doi oe. t l UfJ ),;;...,.VG or Y1r~tn1-- tho tcn,t ...~C",J Jt.u .,ri:edcz: ... ... t,e .,ur7 to ~ l~lll G !tlr~i.J y , r • ~r...- ...a. a .r•.tU d. ~ �f • • w .... j ~< '/.,._41 ",' c+- ............ "" .. ✓ t I (R. I • J• .,.,,_.,,_14 1,/ , ....,,,,..t .. ; .' 'C ./..,, • 0 l. ,, •• = I.., .. ' I• .. ... I "' c l •' ~ t ' ► ~ ' ' . I r • ( ' <, !' .,fr ~ • "' 10,,....,,.__ • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1922 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Bernard Lam Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_008_239 Grimm Lam https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_121-commonwealth-v-benjamin-lee.pdf d07ee9f0a6f5fbd6f4af19e8ce4d9873 PDF Text Text ��.. ' ..' I. The intent j ~r i~ upon are the instructed Com:.:cnweal th. jur • have rnssor:able in · nind of the of his brother, bock P that doubt the 1:),_i.rn°n of I-P, :f'rom the I).,_ ovinr . hole Pvir 1enr>e the af; to WhP-ther a criiiinal accv.se .._ hen :ie to k t.w Di '::3rd Lee, they crim.:.nal inte::t money from s110 ;J.n acq, it thP e•~isted t"1A po!"kP-t nrc sen. �r • �.' ' II. The court instructs to he inr.or~er..t until a 1<'l. ir the the:"e ilt th0 jury he is })roved guilty is u!)on the minds of the tbr-4- the accused, the of' the la not might ment. sufficient to convict, or l1rAponderar:.ce But to war:-,.nt aakes so cl .a:r,1y, ~mc'l the c:!:1 e e7ery reasonable nor is of' evider..ce his beyond it their of his it duty guilt, suf:ficient his guilt to re~ it hov ever i:f the hi~, strong, gre:iter in the inn.ict- must be proved evit-=ience tl1ereof must be so strong, h ,pot11esis innocence. of i is doubt, le su::,_~orts -l:l1e cra:rgP conviction, Accused a reasonable ny rPasonm j TIJ and t· at me:re S'1J.~)icion o: probability is la•.' :9res mes the as to ex- �' . .. I f l. .' . �. . 4 '' •. .. { ... . The co".rt instructs i11g the case, the ·o,1bts, nor '.ust or co jectu:ral. or grow rut out evidence order to or fact~ viction jury the A rea of the ;lP('esr-2.~;-- and not e not such doubts ow:ible doubt it. It It thP- jury of' irncaterial of law, n r~atter to go beyon entertRin an acqui tal. for as ju.nr evidcnr>P. to sustain :rmrr8nt the trust t rn A,fide1:.ce to hunt u:pon the be an arbi tra.!'Y must be SP.rd!ous It must of to :find ar ..d no ,-euse:;1tiA.l PVicle1,ce o·,..J.btwith- substa.rtial a1·~ be a doubt to belitwe up as a:re :Je:r."el:r ~hinPTical be based mu.Rt bot in consider- in a 1,1aterial a ve!'d.ict circu.mstm1cf's. fact of con- �''. '• , ~ ~ T . ' . �I ' ♦ ' • ' t ... . The Jur~· are that the mor:.ey r"'ferre to havP- lJeen in of his her atent, the a.Ed triat Eri.vP1re1Lee by the ly 1 given to in the c· st,:;d· TJna Hr~• LPe, ~ife, to thP :riso11F"r not - ,,,,.- that instructed if they believP in ict.1.1ert, of Ed· ar Lee, ~nd har1 been ;as, entrusted from the Aviclence shown bv t 11P PVir1ence in fact, by hPr the to r;",oney ,im as of thr thP m11.1e as take:1 Sr: t..-.,,....,.(';A....-:i'J prisoner prisoner p-.D'.'s1. ·1t to b.7 s,..irl Una May LPe, .. they find the id �,. ' . .. �. .... t;rni-?~ ~~~n... ~ /tL-C,..,0..,,.-6 .,.__,-v r~~ ~ • ..,I__~__.___ I {If, �• • r Executed, May 13th., 1908, by searching the person of Benjamin E. Lee, brother of the within-named affiant, Edward Lee, and, having found thereon the within-mentioned package of money, the same was taken in possession, and the said Benjamin E. Lee.was committed to jail to be further dealt with according to ~aw. vltJ,,{'d~ E. J. if/I/~ ---------~ ------- ., Garickhoff, Deputy S.R.C. for �l \1 • , •i ~ r .. ·Commonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY: The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and now attending the said Court at its .. ......... .. in and for the bocly of the County of Rockingham, ?.n.? ............... ······· .. ff': tenu, in the yea, 190 .. up01~ their oaths present that. ......................................... ••••••••••••••••••••·•························· .. ·············· ························/J············ <5.~ ------:cc ..-:-:...................... 0 n=-r"c-e::-.- c1ay of. ........................................... , in the year 190 ..... , in the said County, mclf.~f.t.~~ll.-~-~-~..p.c,_t_e_r:, ..t;qr_..t~~- P..~%:~...t. ..of ..t:i:,~~p_t,y..doll.~r.~ ..~~.o.l:J. ..an.d ..o.t'. the of t·1 enty value rr.ent of ten aggregRt.e ···············••-•··············· dollars d lla ...& each value of all e:1ch and nineteen .................................. bank notes for the pay ... ························--···--··········--·--······ ................... ')..... and of the value bqnk not~s of said of' ·tt--n dollars bPing . ~our hundred •·····•r-·••· .... the ee.ch, and ·········•·················-·····-··•······•·········· nine..t.Y....dolla.r.s., ....aecured ....2,nd ...Pay.a.ble ...hy ....and ...up.on....s.a.id ....ban1~.... r.ot.e ....,......... . P.~tng.t.b~n ..~n.d t.hf.;lre. .d.uELand unsat sfied .to the Haid Edward. Lee.,.. f ~~(}~~C>.:U.:~.+..Y. .... 4:l..4..?.:t~a.!,..:t..~K~ .... ~D.c.iG.?T:r'Y...~213.-Y..,, against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth . .•,, of Virginia. . Upon the evidence of ....................................................................................................... . . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. .. .. .. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .-witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the Grand Jury to give evidence. . .................................................................... Clerk. �-i j ~,J Commonwealth .- ~-t ]~ I v,. INDICTMENT. { $.~. ~~ .. ........... . '1 A TRUE BILL . ~' 1 ~ r .-♦ ..... 'c; •· II • i r. ~ *~. i..!. Foreman. ·---,~·~,, ~~ ,, . -,~✓.... f V ' ' I r / ~ f,/_/ ~....r -- ·~ ~ f --:'"v-c:..~~-- ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1908 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Lee Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony theft. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Theft Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_005_121 Lee https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_195-commonwealth-v-benjamin-eaton.pdf f8d23b7d293f665ac64c4b0afc75535e PDF Text Text " I o·-.il1t.y •rout •• • • " ....,,.., • N t Jn • co ... ) ~ ., • • • "' t • • erk • ow~i. �- . . �• • • �• -------=------------------------------------- �• ��Cornrnonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKIN011/\1\\. To-wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COUl{T OF SAID COUNTY: - • J..,........_~ e;i. ... 1o111h,. ,n/,.,..::-ot.ay• tt.•1/11.,:_ I..._.U~ d•r .,r )~ . ... . ..... -✓ 'l..-- m tb< ,.,.,,, ,,, ,_.,.._.,f 1/44 1•,.tZi,,"""' rc,i,l('.,,rnt, ..._l4'•"1!._ .,;,;L: ..;., ..~~..c..+-yc(t .,.,,.,I. -1,.,d- t,,.,.:r, t,l,'t /!·'-'-'("~•. J..- . t- ·~ ' ' ir:-_/4 ./ "I ... - g,......,,/7 ·. L..... ,1-1-' ·•,,...,_, .'I /l::U../fta-1A~ ~ · £. , • d,,..,/4 - I. ..,-,.. 1:: :. "', I;-,r-,... ~w,1.."' 1u..t...&.c.•-u"' ..... ~ sl ..-,.£."" ,lhl \.,'A--,L,~ • ...,, .ye ..... t.,t.. .. ... 1-1.... �Common,vealth { //l V..t "I\ if INDICTMENT. • ,t c,.,--,,,..,.,.. ' ,,., • ;};-t,,1J..t_,, tl..<,../4..• • h.;:r A TRUE ?l j • BILL. ! "1-<--rt,..t,e, /·..,-nw,r, •' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Eaton Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor neglect. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Neglect Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_195 Eaton https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_006-commonwealth-v-benjamin-diehl.pdf 9de8acffc66197dc90cc72bf5af3f0df PDF Text Text �' .. �Common wealth of Rockir1gha11.---i T Virginia,} County, . t- . 0="7"1 f ............ day oL ..£!..C ...;;;_4... r.=............... / ~··························--- f&e it ~emembered that on the ..../ .. ............................................. , L) J2,,-l . .v r came before '--:{ .a...-1...-v'--'(.( .:VU. .... ' /'( 1 ..•• • ..•..•. Ii/' ••.• ·•·····················-···L!.1 :9.".~ I ./r.,,,. ....k.... !C..~..LC!:............ '"L...'=-:-:.~.L ...........,. ····(;·./.-..'.. me ................... ,,c:J,..:L...1) ...... of the said county of Rockingham, and severally and respectively acknowledged Commonwealth of Virginia, in manner and form following, that is to say: \ in the sum ..-,,,...... x..,1:........ ..P:...:..-_ .....'~-,-~. \ of............-..L, ..•. "::: ...........~.l.d.A<".'\.L.(.. ' themselves \ ~ .. •-···~··-··• to be indebted to the • j., I ' the said .....~ ...~.~.0t:-:1,:......0~.:'::'.,-, ....L.".,'·-··· \. .. ~.j._. .. -.\:- .. !.................................... . 1 ........................... - ,/ ~.!-.cr···f--- ~ \ /~ J,-.L--6...-:, .... 1...-<. .. ( .......... -· ···-······· ... L.-1, ..... ~ ~...L~,,.J........t:.''-....U.... ~ ····•••·········· .....•. Dollars, 1 good aJd lawful money of the U:ited States, and the said ........rc..- .. ... -- c; in the sum of........{!..-. ..... 'k/-.u.LL1.L-;..,V, ..- ..... .,I \.. ~ ··········•·········~········-""'··1... liability to the Commonwealth . .. .:"" . ................. . Dollars of like good and lawful money, to be .. ......•...•..... respectively made and levied of their several goods and chattels, the benefit of their Homestead Exemption .. lands and tenements, and they severally waived as to this obligation, and also waived any claim or right to discharge any arising under this recognizance with coupons detached from the bonds of this State, ✓. of Virginia if the said ..........L~-···-"'-·-,,:r_···'c!..:'..A,.:_ .... to the use of the Commonwealth ....... ' ./-':£! ........ ~.J..... ..!.-···--r················- shall make default in the performance of the conditions underwritten. The condition of the above recognizance 1h is such that if the above bound .....f ..;;L-t..A--1.- -· 0,.,r- .. J 1J .' 1/rt··~'U- ( t ········································-·•·•··························································do and shall personally appear before the County Court of Rockingham ~ . J-. J t..?'..Z,,..J.d.tlay of the /] :--u£ t ' \..) ·-·- 1.-=:...................... Term next thereof, being the ......../Y ·-····-·day of 1 /J...:l.dr..: ...... :....!': ..... ~..- ...1-. ~ aZ:: ~at the Court.house thereof, and then and there answer a bill ~f indictment on the ....... I !...~.~ ..~ ........... s.~ to be preferred to the Grand Jury in and for said County against him the said ..... ti '--f . ( ................................................................................. or a ........·-"·····-· .1:..,:,............................................................................................ by him committed, unlawfully ········-•·/., ....... • ::....... ·- ~ ~ / .. ~-r l ..(...,-(, r ✓ (/ ········· I ~ ......... ____v ____ ...._ .. ____.. Y_-:---...... l --······· ..···•········ ~ and feloniously ........... :1..A.LLL.,.-···f······'···! ...Ci--:'.'::t'.¼......... '-"......==···········::·.··-·:·-··,_;_········k·~"'l':-_!_,__i_ ..... CY.y.L·L4.....·'...··~- I --- for -··~-··~····- ····-···-··· .•••• ••••••••.• j I L ....., ; < ) - _ ...~·················-··········· ........... ·····-·~ .... ) ~ •• -..J. .. .L. ,t'., ····-· _____ • ~· , ---- ✓ J .7_. .... f::.'................. , .. ______ ./_, ······•r·~·~···•······ ..•... , •.......... -; I I... . ..,.- .... --..•.•.••• •.- ••. >-'-"'-.( ................ - ................ . /J ,!, - ~ .......................................................................... ·-···------------ ,I>- whereof the said .............................. ,-....i,....~ .......... .. ...k,_. '• \ .,<. .. k.~ ...... v0 ...... t···rx········-•·i...,L,-:................... stands charged, and shall not depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall be void and of no effect, otherwise to remain in full force and virtue. Taken and acknowledged before me, the day and year first above written. ��6J]M/m ~~ @ ! _,.,t.-=----1-- ~~ /j-~ \ r ' �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Diehl Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony assault and felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Assault Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_006 Diehl https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_031-commonwealth-v-benjamin-adkins.pdf 69ad0f93be1eb33641107f13ea75f36f PDF Text Text ~>--z,-w- /4.fr' /4~~ tf3 ~ r/~4 ~~ ,Y" ' (R-,d- {(AA,- ~,{_ icry~ ~ ~ fL,l-e e,er-,,..u,JL ~..,L ,3 ?· I 'i ,,;,4'{'~ ~~ (I/~ ~.:__ !} ~~L,- ���r .... ' • ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Adkins Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor carrying of concealed weapon. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Carrying of Concealed Weapon Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_031 Adkins Lam https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_040-commonwealth-v-benjamin-adkins.pdf d8bfa69c9ec34c84ee55792e5c4bc1a8 PDF Text Text Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated. tN f 1 o. Hurst & Company, City, Va. l Pulaski Indictment. 35. 0 ' ::T:~;~~~................... , [Code, §§3989, 3999, 4000, 4011, 4045; Hurst's Guide & Manual, pp. 537 (3), 540-5, 546, 617-18.] TO-Tlil': IN J'HE COD'.N"TYCO[/RF O.F SAID COD'}ll1Y: 17zejurors of tlte Commonwealtllof Firgi1Zia,in and for the body of tlze Cou77t!J of . A-...· .. _.-~....... ~. ..... ./ 1 ~ . .............. ~~ . and aou, attending Ike said Court at its term, i1ztlzeyear 1 upon tlzeir oatlzspresent tlzat . . .. . .. , j'tJ'3, ~ against tlzepeacea!Zddig77ityof tlze Cr.,mmonwealtlz of rirgillia. Upontlzeez-idenceof .............................. . ... . witness... sworn in open Court a!7dsellt to tlze Grand Jury to give evidence. .......... ........................ ....... , Clerk. ��"has served out half of his term of imprisonment for which he was sentenced; prison rules for the two years next preceding the date of the expiratil that he has kept the of o:ne-half of his term," "as shown by the prison records," and it further appearing that the said ...........?:~···········~""L Y.., N o..'!i.(~:-:/..½ ... is a fit person to receive a parole, and having furnished satisfactory assurance that ............ will have employment as soon as ....~.is discharged on parole; now, therefore, We, the Board of Directors of the Penitentiary of the State of Virginia, in pursua:oce of author- ity vested in us by act of Assembly, approved :M:arch 7, 1904, do parole the said ........ ~~<- .Y., -·························•························•················································•·····················•···········, N o.~.L'i: . during the remainder of..~ term of sentence, upon th0 following conditions-viz: / That. ...~.shall the Superintendent ............................................................................................................................ . proceed at once to the pla'? of this Penitentiary and promptly . send m to ~. a report of...~ .............arrival, with the fact endorsed thereon by ................. £ ... shall at all times during employer; and that .. peaceable, industrious, L of.................. employment this parole conduct..~lf as an honest, sober, and law-abiding citizen, subject at all times to the conditions and provisions con- tained in section 4 of the said act, approved :M:arch 7, 1904, which reads as follows: "When a convict is paroled on conditions to be observed and performed by him, and such conditions are violated, he shall, upon complaint being made before a justice of the peace or any other officer authorized by law to issue warrants of arrest, be forthwith apprehended and brought before the Circuit Court of the city of Richmond, or any Circuit or Corporation Court in whose jurisdiction he violated said conditions, and the said court shall investigate the charges, and if the said person is found guilty of violating the conditions of his parole be shall be returned to the penitentiary, there to serve out the unexpired term of his sentence; and in computing the time of his confinement the time during the pendency of any appeal from the trial court in which he was sentenced for the original offence and the time between the conditional parole and his subsequent arrest shall not be taken to be [){l·····o···.1..·································· Clerk. I thoroughly understand the !erms of this muarolc, Witness, and agTee to perform all its.conditions . ... 0.<~ ..~ ..~~····· ~~ ~T C r.... ... -..... N.1.< .... a ..~..... 22~..c.~~ l \90o Date......................U ...................................................................... . u ...... ,No.J?.~/. ..~•····r.··· �r • ,.. J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Adkins Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_040 Adkins Davis