<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=114&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle" accessDate="2026-09-02T17:14:02+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>114</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>4768</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="6525" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6260">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_007_209-commonwealth-v-margaret-sipe.pdf</src>
        <authentication>cc13a730c6cbbdd7f824b5c45bbd6e1c</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="76426">
                    <text>'
•'

Commonwealth of Virginia,
County of Rockingham, to-\vit:
fo the Ci.rtui1Courl of s.1.idCour\ty:
The Juroro

ot the COEri:Oll"W"ealthot' \'irslnin,

in end J'or- the

body of the County or Ro,ckinA*.a J und now (l.ttenc1111g 1.he Circutt
n,fu, f'li,
~~•.1'?1•,
Cour-t ot "".ld count~• ;-l;F(lt, 7H IR OATHS fl\hSUi'l',
~hat

llarga~ot Sipe on •prll 1,1916, in eai~ coun~y. did unlbw:f\tlly, Mli•
cton~ 1 y 8nd felonionPly attell!J)t to dnu.niater end ~14 dmir.1etor
poison, known as strychnine,
ir. n food known •e candy, to one Lillia
v~,;cr, oy ~•nding a box o~ said o~ndy, in which the ,aid UaYg~rot
Si~e h,d feloniously
pl•o•d •aid etryobn1n8 poteon, b; united states
r.i&amp;ll, eaid box beinir addressed to saii Lillie
J;yger, ~ho, on reee1vir:o ra:ae i!: due couru Of 211.
ope::,1u4 i.,. S"td. ,..,'"'OC&amp; Jf'ld •o ,. ..._
it ~h•n sr~ discovered
tho said ~01son, therebr
endnngoring tho life
or said Lillie user.
•o ~.all••
th~t or h•r sieteY, core K);ger,
~.o &amp;loo &lt;1d ••tot
aeid osn!;,,
rucooer.ily g1Yen to ~er b7 the said
Lillie lcygnr, with the folontou• intent to injUl'e tnd kUl •aid t1111e
r,ygeT,
"8' inst

t.he pe,ice

and

di();&lt;lit}·

or

the Coc,:,onwealth

or VirginJa.

AIID ':HE JURORS APO:U:SA'LD, Uf'Oli THEIR OA.:HS .llFO!U.S,UD, DO
FURTHER
PRESENT,that

aKa..inoc. the peuce and di6ni t.y ot the Commonwealth ot Virginin.

,2..v...,
ff .de¥ 74'9,,,_..
~...:.,;::__~.,;;/Z,°7;&lt;-'"&lt;1C-'•..:.t
..;~'-"',/-J?.lil
...v.-&lt;-"',V'--'z."'J,:t.tµ_µ."""'~=-:-,.;Z.,_=c=•c,ed.U,_''--"'.J..,,'°':,"""..:~X:...,t'-'@=..?#'.c,co,:,_.~,.._,,
ti,_,
Thi• indictment

io found

on the testimony

of

wttneGae~ eworn in Court and aent. be~ore the Grnnd Jury to give
evide11ce.

�1,•ay torr,i, 1916.

Attampted

poison by 01&gt;.ndy.

COMMON\Vi;A

LTI I
lndictn1enc

\''S.

:.:.&gt;~~,rel f~it"

Fur Felony

•

.:rt,()("
-Mi,sdeme .......-..-

A TRUE BILI,

;;-,.:.,.w~~
t"OJ"Cffl.flO

'-

,..

:J. ,;. .r

;;

'yll"{

I ' :,

,, /f / f-

._,

3669 •
nsrry ,•• st:rickln:r,
COllll'\on,rnal~Jl• 8 ~ ttorney.

•

....

,,

••

~

'

-

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76415">
                <text>1916</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76416">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Margaret Sipe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76417">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony attempted murder.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76418">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="76419">
                <text>Attempted Murder</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76420">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76421">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76422">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76423">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76424">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76425">
                <text>CCR001_007_209</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="558">
        <name>Kyger</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="160">
        <name>Sipe</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="8380" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6945">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_001_014-commonwealth-v-margret-poindexter.pdf</src>
        <authentication>8bb41c28676b204090850ee8373090f4</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="92650">
                    <text>'

'1""'~/.)
)J/Jf
)'-'

'\.

'

~

(,/
'&gt;&lt;!,lN/9-0V

(~

'p;_)
)I

)

&gt;7

?,711)
(,'{' tJ/

Jtf"J' '1',;~//
,. ..-&gt;J/

/

/..,,,..,,./'
' r&gt;

-r:r"

-,.r,

"}J

n

L n-?-9"/--l
v1//

L,r ,-

,; /

P.,.

;,_r,-.._&gt;-7

&gt;,&gt; .'

e:r~,,,,,,.,.,~rL_~r.,=~
pn-.9yl-.=/
--7

V

K

7XF•-":~'

../

N

~» .. ,p

/

/ / --'-o/rnu-,,1
/

/

"&gt;'7-Q

&gt;-~

/

(?:_/ 7

•

I

'ZA 7 'l-4

;r.7T~&gt;

&gt;--c4-'1:;&gt;

&gt;-.rv/'

1/

?"' 2.;,

'7'7_/.,Q

-rlj'

I

'2~

/'

1/

;,O

,I

/

':;I

Z4-?f7

rP

/

~~-6&gt;;)

V

1'

r~&gt;N

/:#?

,

?&gt;

.. ?-.1 r
1

... "?

Y./ ,, &gt;

T

,

?J

J

?

..

~•

7.J

• ,_7?

,

3/

I

"'7_J &gt;
7J

J

/ /
:..Y-5'ft /:.,, V
""7 J/

-» &gt;,&gt; .J

7.Q,,67-r::;,7 ✓

t

!L'/

/

Y'7U

1/ ,

u

---" '/~

:•:✓'./

'h&gt;,?

7

r

-r

.v

,

-YT/-7

.

I

'1 ". ..,.,_,

1J/

&gt;-

p
/

P-.:J

":?//'
,r .J

'7.1

'*

~j

lj

1//

n

',"'"-&gt;

-,·t

I

-;o

_, /

ti.

'/

14

'

PJ/

~

1///

P-&gt;h&gt;7;&gt;

l''-

,//

,v//_n1y/1

1/

,17

I

,..,?.,,
I"

P»j

,., )7

,;,

1:/ d.

,&gt;{'

?,) /'

,

-

/

~

7~"&gt;-:&gt;~

I

/

7•

•

I_/ 17T"

, , ;,

/
~#n}

;

?!// -./

r"?&gt;-LIV

)1!_/&gt; ✓ '7

11I

I ~,-,_,.,.,,

77

_,?

/

&gt;,,r.,.I

O'

:__£.

,I

~

/

"-'OJ

j ~

r

,../ ???;&gt; I'

&gt;/

&gt;7 J {&gt;)

--.~,,~.,/t

1/ ,,,

-,?ry

--r'

~

7-?7

7

'/

,t.~7

1 ~7-U.£-.

?

--rl

.,

'~_/
I

J-'

/

y

_/,

,/

//

:,

??

. . . . / J-r)/'~d.z.
~·

.I_~)

1 Z?"/

/

.)j

? I//,,)

/

'/

"J 1~

'1/:

t7

~

-.-7:n-1..., ._,, • "
_,/

?, ,..-."'.,

/

J--,-'1// ,___,,,.~.

J 2

I'
t&gt;7&gt;-,?

"?./'•'

•

,u

»-~,&gt;

?:J;-,r;&gt;.,J717

✓/

7 .7&gt;V 1 ,

~.,., ,1 •

.

/

.,i/F'

/'

y_/- /

_.'.,. , ►r.lTJ

~.L

I ~...,_,,

/Y),I &gt;&lt;lj/

,I

/

_;,,

_77':71/f'

'
'&gt;

/

:_../}
~

t

,r:, n &gt; n•'
7JH?J

?J

•

/

o/--1' 7'7

-??

-?-7-'

,

--.&gt;v.k

~?ll~--o&gt;p

y ,,..;I
,

:r:/,6&lt;7__,~"&gt;-rffe
~
&gt;

/7

.

~~"'✓.7":1'__,,.~ -? -n /,

,, , . ,,,.7

-u//

/n&gt;/'

yr

,1/

~7~

I I

-7'°

-?~

/
7 / ?&lt;7,,7-v

;, ,,)

r7

'1€-~

0,,,.-,,,:&gt;7"1/l/2
/.

_9

ry

c,-&lt;&gt;/,:,7'
/

✓rr:?
7 / ~ ?-?-r.::/

/

//'

v .7 ,n,'7, /

~

'1//

~-?"ZP.I/V'lr/?/u•:7.-&gt;&lt;7

'/

":,9'_3'/

l U

/,;,~

u:1:
7

f;7/ -.-, ,_-7-7--,_

~,.,

/}1

-771&gt;7

r-~.&gt;-&gt;7.P?/,-,.)//~

, _;;2-.,l;T,o
,-.h'Y1z_,;,--7
1

--, ur

'7~_/,,
//

J:lf"✓•

-?-.:L/·
/""7, fl/ii'
L ? /..~ ..,,I/ ') 1/ , -,l ,.,/ )-' J '7 ,)
r
/-.::,
7/
7/.
~-.✓r7
7,J ~•}/'/
//
/
;,/
/
/
,,
- :t "~ -'5J....,, ...v,:/ Z / /.-v -. ., , ~ u,~ 7 '-'P--vv / / " v r/'
o//
/
,,?&gt;-;&gt;0
:,.,??_J·
~ 4 , -,, 3/ 7" '»;&gt; p?
J''' , , '"// ,
--&amp;-~--,

,,..,,..,,,.Jft?,

;/

?o/

/~

1/ /,

vtfn

',Y

;(

I/

,.7,,l

l./

�~{/~

o&gt;v: faJ,
~
a,,/4p.

/~~a &amp;✓/V"" 'l

~@

~ LL J--LL'dJ. ovllCi

(?/L-o!~

CUAc,,/,,uu/}

�{'

V

;

.

.I"")
9"y
t?

~ '

{{'~/

L ,.,

&gt;-/9'

7

..,,,.,

-.

',

...

,,

-,.-../

&gt;7J

74

r.7

~7/

p

, , ,,

f?

-&gt;?

/

7.

,r

)'~?

7.Q

•

/7

•:;r,~'-7

·/

X/

/

0 ?;

P-?-p

,"&gt;Yj?

•

,,.,;;,&gt;-........,,
··---x~
"7/

;

/

~'?

1/

.,, ·

1// -,~_/
.

YLQ'

~ -y/

4 '

~n,1

.Q,.,.,..,,.
r,.]ii!.:/ ,..,,,,7

,r,.,e

,yz.p

/

&gt;

7'7

,?

~,

7

'&lt;?

)

.,/

/

,,.-,

z,a

-p,.,,,7

7
?1.1-y

/'7

'

vy/'

/~

,&gt;

7&gt;

,-,7~ '/

,,,1~y/'
1/
/

I✓

(_

'", /

" • ,,
/-,,

• - .,

,VF'

';I

•&gt;, 4

»;

,-,/r n

.n

fl

,;Inn;,/

J

~O,'

'7?&gt;

_;,,,;,"'//

,

V

;/J' ",l

u /

.Q

,,, 7 :, ;;,

H

/

~

-~
,1&gt;

17/,

, u.,7

/

'&gt;?~//

r&gt;

I,

·u f

·~

IJ,/

7

?J

.0

•~,(

,

1,,J/'

.--v,,(,,~?;

/

-fr"~,7✓

~~:·;//
1/./

/ ,.-y~r

~;z-7

1 , &gt; ,,. • o/," 71' ,&gt; ~

'

,?,,- _;:¥"-, ""&gt; 1/

,~

'7"/ /

r1/ /l

~.,n-ruu2r,P

:_ii -,

1/ o/~

UJ

7

,/

?

~

-vz i'

/

?7;,

7&gt;,,77

.?. 7

,,

..~n-~

yp;r,,ff

,,l'J

J.

M?

·4!'..:7 t7 / /

-:,,;,, ~-

p

,.,...,..,&gt;.:&gt;

~r'&gt;

vz.,, .,..,,~..&gt;
,r0--:7

.

~/
-?-?fa

1?.,.&gt;r_/

I

/

3

;t:: , . , n

,,,_ /"

../
(,&gt;l7~•

. &gt;;;&gt; /'7

/

,,,.-y?

~/

,

7 .. .,,

.

n

✓~

~ /' '1/' /P
Y"J-9 /

,

H?Y /
/ &gt;:
u/

i&gt;~~

'r&gt;» ' /.7✓

70-,..~;

1/"·J

--r&gt;?-7'?,'

7

/ 4t

r ;,,,"':
r

,

r;L/

rv7

~7

//

/' .»

-

/f'.7

;r&gt;&gt;-D

,,,f',

~~

/~7io ~.~•-.;&gt;,,) .•

~/

~v , ~ ....
~
~1/

/

;

7

r ,..,..,,JY-,-£

c&gt;;u ",

/.;,=,&gt;j&gt;

£...;,_,'1/
~
r,
~ .,//o1/

,:(, ~,,_
.,J
':' ~ _;::{
~,fi·~~,~/,,f:

--.:;?-&gt;?-7/2:/,~"?~,•u

✓-;,, . ...,~✓,, ~__,,:,,.., ,, ,, ,, .,.,....&lt;(,..-,h.., J, ,µ.,.,,

,, 7

p ,.,.

r
-

/
,

1/

/ ,I ""Y?/

,✓,,

?

1/ ,//

/

z?y --,PI

r·

��'

l

��~

,.,

._.

\

�/4,.

1/lt~'s ..i:/,,.~

fu - /Jiuo el_jZ&gt;

".hL-1£~,1 ./~
(!_;1_d4.w--

/f~~

(Q ddtA-

&lt;!...tfl ~uvA

1~

ff-~

U...vP

au~;-

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92640">
                <text>1833</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92641">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Margret Poindexter</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92642">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="92643">
                <text>Murder</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92644">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony murder.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92645">
                <text>JMU LIbraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92646">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92647">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92648">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92649">
                <text>CCR001_001_014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1331">
        <name>Kiesel</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1330">
        <name>Poindexter</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24456" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14530">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_019_059.pdf</src>
        <authentication>d6e39178e2b98a211dafbe821018d1fb</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272586">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Maria Hawkins</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272587">
                <text>1889</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272588">
                <text>Theft</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272589">
                <text>Defendant charged with stealing.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272590">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272591">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272592">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="272593">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272594">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272595">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272596">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272597">
                <text>Ccr002_019_059</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="521">
        <name>Hawkins</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="8379" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6944">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_001_049-commonwealth-v-mark-hugh.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ccd17fa28daa5a25e61815dcbd4807ef</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="92639">
                    <text>��</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92629">
                <text>1891</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92630">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mark Hugh</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92631">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="92632">
                <text>Public Drunkenness</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92633">
                <text>Defendant charged with misdemeanor public drunkenness. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92634">
                <text>JMU LIbraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92635">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92636">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92637">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="92638">
                <text>CCR001_001_049</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1329">
        <name>Hugh</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24336" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14410">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_020_030.pdf</src>
        <authentication>28e7c876ca7349b73f8580f6b46b5476</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271113">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Martha J. Fawley</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271114">
                <text>1890</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271115">
                <text>Assault and Beating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271116">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and beating. Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271117">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271118">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271119">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="271120">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="271121">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271122">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271123">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271124">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271125">
                <text>Ccr002_020_030</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="353">
        <name>Fawley</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="290">
        <name>Fitzwater</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24254" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14328">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_022_085.pdf</src>
        <authentication>32eb0b7966eb048fef31df0dec3db7c9</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270065">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Martha Mooberry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270066">
                <text>1111</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270067">
                <text>Unknown</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270068">
                <text>Defendant charged with unknown offense.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270069">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270070">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270071">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270072">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270073">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270074">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270075">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270076">
                <text>Ccr002_022_085</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="4186">
        <name>Mooberry</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25906" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15821">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_002_015.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1528582ec6c4bdcc729b4e1f2835c528</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291018">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Martin Cromer</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291019">
                <text>1810</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291020">
                <text>Not keeping part of road</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291021">
                <text>Defendant charged with not keeping part of road in good repair.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291022">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291023">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291024">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="291025">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291026">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291027">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291028">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291029">
                <text>Ccr002_002_015</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1531">
        <name>Cromer</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25952" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15867">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_001_014.pdf</src>
        <authentication>deb36181ffb152eaf2ee849a946a418c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291584">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Martin Holms</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291585">
                <text>1788</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291586">
                <text>Unknown</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291587">
                <text>Defendant charged with unknown offense.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291588">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291589">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291590">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="291591">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291592">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291593">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291594">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291595">
                <text>Ccr002_001_014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1456">
        <name>Holms</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="26047" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15962">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_001_059.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e83d8d7cfad5554c7b2ec920b7ecf4fb</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292738">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Martin Koontz (Coontz)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292739">
                <text>1802</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292740">
                <text>Sell Alcohol</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292741">
                <text>Defendant charged with retailing spiritous liquors.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292742">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292743">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292744">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="292745">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292746">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292747">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292748">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="292749">
                <text>Ccr002_001_059</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1492">
        <name>Coontz</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1235">
        <name>Koontz</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3180" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2994">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/2cc3665b1bd50a0f5d2c02580bc96dc8.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ab752b43e9d773a55d18d8c7f832865a</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48419">
                    <text>COMMONWE LTH OF VI RGI NI ,
COUNTY OF ROCKI NGH M, to-wit :
I n the Circuit Court of said County :
The grand jurors i n and f or the body of sa id county of
Rockingh am and now attendin g s aid Court at its December term ,
1929 , upon }geir oath s do present th~t Marvi n Crist , on or about
9
~vemberA~ ' 1929, in said County of Rockingham , did unlawfu lly
operate an automob i le whi e under the influenc e of ardent spirits,
agains t the peace and digni ty of the ommonwe alth of Virginia .

This indictme nt is f ound on the testimon y of Lizzie
Tristle and Mrs .

hi l Branner ~

tnesses sworn in Court and

sent before the grand jury to give evidence .

�oc
~

Commonwealth

l'--

J~
')-

v) I ndi ctment
Marvin Cri st - ·

1...:.

c.vfa

l

Misdemeanor

\..

December term , 1 929

c.b

True Bill :

A/9
0

~

~

........,

.l.

yv,..._1-v-

...

~

,-.

~

"''·\
~

•j.. '). -

J

...

r-\.
~

'~

r
..,I

~
~

\ ~
)

D. w. Earman
Commonwealth ' s Attorney

r~

~

t
t

'

�Commonwealth of Virginia,
Rockingham Countg, To- Wit:

~ ~ ' . : : : : : : :R~::
surety, who justifi

t:ato:t,h:;;~~~:y of,.,J·,:·.,;il!l'!&lt;~'.'."C

sufficiency, came before m

~ ........'-...-. -&lt;'T. :ii...

~ ~c....:.....

... •....-:11... ...
... ....-.
...!:..
...-2
...,.
J.;;

~~ ~

&lt;..-.. -..................
.,..-.
..----...-~..J
......-........-..."'... ... ....-"...!1
...t..
-'1

........
-::i.'--

(J . P. or Bail Commi ssion e r)

, of the said County of Rockingham,

7Zed~~~~Jves.t~.be ,~debted to·· the·· ~o=mon~ea;:J::s,Vi; ::;~~= ::
to be levied of their respective goods and clnttels, lands and tenements, for the ase of the Commonwealth of Virginia rendered, and they each severally waived their homestead exemption to their recognizance; yet upon this condition:
That

H the

sai:::l.Jr.~~········~

················ .... shall personally appear before

ircuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Courthouse' of said County, on the ...~ .......day of the

.. .. . ............ .........(.....'i:&amp;6ier0ef, l:Jeiag the ................... ~ of ....................:..........~ ............................................. ,
...¥!!111.!I\. ....
\..✓-..µ,l-.-"4

,

and at such other time or times to which the proceedings may be continued or further

heard, and before any court or judge hereafter having or holding any proceedings in connection with

charged, an~ be bound under said recognizance until the charge is finally disposed of or until it is
declared void by order of a competent court, then the above recogniz:mce shall be null and void; other~

wise to remain in full force and effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF,

8-. . . . . . day

I hereunto affix my signature this .......

0£... .................. .................

�~i

.

�-m J,,l_

/
y

'(

J/

�In the Circuit Court of Rockingham County,
........ Term

I 90..

....... this day presented in Court an account against the Court
of Rockingham for the sum

ef $

......... , for S ervice ..

wlticlt being sworn to, was examined and approved by the Court, and ordered to be certified to the Treasurer of
this county for payment.
. .

...................... .......Clerk.
"f'orm 192-Berlin .

�instructs t he jury that the law presumes
The c ourt · • · Ji
t he accused to be innocent until he is proved guilty beyon d a
reasonable doubt, and if there is upon the minds of the jury any
rea sonaole doubt of the guilt of the accused, the law makes it
t heir duty to acquit him, a nd that mere suspicion or probabilit y
of his guilt, however stro ng , i s not suffic i ent t o convict, nor
is it suff icient if the greater wei gh t or preponderanc e of evidence
supports the cha r ge in the · indictment.

~ut to wa rra nt his co nvict-

ion, bis guilt must be proved so cle a rly, a nd t he evide n ce t hereof
must be so strong, as to exclude every reasona ble hypothesis of
his innocence.

��OEC

1929

COMMONWEALTH

vs.

}lfisdr.

-

MARVIN CRIST

t

......

(Pro.)

�t

(

/

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35794">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Marvin Crist</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35795">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Not Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35796">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="35797">
                <text>not guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="35798">
                <text>operated an automobile under the influence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35799">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35800">
                <text>1929</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35801">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35802">
                <text>RcPr-box7-071</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35803">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35804">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35805">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="416">
        <name>Crist</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3083" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2898">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/20a2876b0da8e2495a43977e6c100ac7.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e07740aeae95d79c724f8d88e8d6c5e3</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48323">
                    <text>COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The grand jurors in and for the body of said County of
Rockingham and now att ending said Court at its October term, 1927,
Flora Morri s , and Lloyd Raines,
upon their oaths do present that Marvin Harris, within one year
next prior to the finding of this indictment, in the said County
of Rockingham, did unlawfully manufacture, sell, offer, keep, store
!. '

and expose for sale, give away, transport, dispense, solicit, advertise and receive orders for ardent spirits, against the peace
,.

and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
(

:.

The jurors aforesaid, UROn their oaths aforesaid, do
. .
Flora Morri s , and Lloyd Raines,
further present that Marvin Harri~Awithin one year next prior to
f

.

.

the finding of this indictment, in the said County of Rockingham,
did unlawfully have in his possession ardent spirits, against the
peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
The jurors aforesaid, upon their oaths aforesaid, do further
Flora Morris , and Lloyd Raines ,
pre s ent that Marvin Harris, within one year next prior to the find1. ;

i ng of t his indictment, in the said County of Rockingham, did un.,,
I
lawfully receive ardent spirits, against the peace and dignity of
'

J

the Commonwealth of Virginia.

--'·

This indictment is found on the testimony of J. D. Dirting,
fl"
v'
D. H. Dofflemyer, w. E. Thurber, and w. T. Rexrode, witnesses sworn
in Court and sent before the grand jury to give evidence.

�v---

B.I.
Commonwealth
v) Indictment

I\

Marvin Harris
Flora Morris
Lloyd Raines

\L ~

....

~

i

,,...,r,-t-f '
l

...

I

t,

'1

Misdemeanor
October term, 1927

A True Bill:

•

D. W. Earman
Commonwealth's Attorney

�Form 192--News-Rccord

Virginia, Rockingham County, to-wit:

Commonwealth vs.

:t.la.rvin Harris

STATEMENT

I

OF

COSTS

(

JUSTICE OF TH E .lDEACE • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

J
'

Arres t 'iVarrant

. .. . . . . . ................. . $-------'l"---

00

Search ·warrant .. . .... . .. . .. .. .......... . $_ __ _ _ __

I

J.F.Argenbright

I

T r ia l

.................................. . .. $_ _ _ _ - - -

1

l

Bail ...................................... $,_ _ _ _ -

I(

10
Ar r est . .. . ...... ..... ... .. . . .... . . .... . ... $_ _ __

I

S. F.Newman, Deputy for
c.~.Dove, s.R.C.

I

Mileage .... . ... .. .. .. . .... . ........... ... . $ - - - 3

l

Oth er Fees .. .. . . ........ . ........... . . . .. . $ - - - -

ATTORNEY FOR THE COM MONvVEALTH --{I

--2.Q._

______________________________________________ $

I

R,,o,t

J &gt; - - - - --

---

of"''"_"· '"· .... .. ...... .. .. .. ...... ,, ___

j W1tness Certificates .... ... . ................ $
1
Tri a l .. . . ................ . ... ... . . . . ...... $

I

L Other
\Vitnesses-Names

_ __

Court ............................... $ -- - -

L __________________________ ____________________

.• . .••. .. ... ... .

_

I

\J. P.

Ti' R v Or,, ~l~E COURT
CL "'I".i:&lt;l
••

_ 00 _

Search \Varra.nt . ......................... $ _ _ _ _ _

CONSTABLES, SHERIFF, SERGEANT ...... 1J Sum. W itnesses
·
.. ... ......... . ...... . ..... . $ - - - - -

--

_ __

Cost s .... . .. ... . . . ..... .. ... . ..... .. $ _ __
Days

Miles

Tolls

Amount

$

$

$

s

$

$

$

~
\;

$

$

I hereby certify that the following additional witnesses were examined for the Commonwealth and were material witnesses:
\Vitnesses-N ames

Days

I hereby certify that the foregoing is a corre.-..v ,,.,_ ...,

Miles

Tolls

Amount

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

��THE COMMON""\iVEALTH OF VIRGINIA.
1'0 THE SHERIFF OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, GREETINGS:

W e command you, that you take .. __ ~

_8~ - - - -------------

if he be

found within your bailiwick, and him safely keep, so that you have his body forthwith before the
Circuit Court of Rocking-ham County, at the Court House thereof

01't' ________________ __ _ _

to answ: r us of a certain _U ~ - ~ - - ------whereof he stands
indicted.
And have then and there this Vilrit.
at the Court House the ___

1

the · Commonwealth.

-witness J . F. Blackburn, Clerk of our said Court

j_r!!!_ ____ day

of_ __

~{!:f,_ ___ !5__-,,_)____ , in

the l.'.'.!.:1'__ year of

�l

..,,

�Arrest Warrant
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
ROCKINGHAM COUNTY,

These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia, to command you forthwith to apprehend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the s~id ·county, the body of the said-- - - - --

~~ blla/7&amp;4

you are required to sum-

to appear
and give. evidence
in .behalf of
Commonwealth,
on the examination touching the said offence.
.
.
. the
. .
.
~

Given under my hand and seal this~

-

day of

/

, in

e year 1927

_ _ _ _ ____:_fit
---1.,f'._,;~~~ ~'µ,f,,~~'{J.·~_L__J. P. (Seal)
No. 38

NEWS-RECORD CO., HARRISONBURG ,

v3 /

�VIRGIN I A, Rockingham County, to-wit:
To ~essrs. C. W. Dove, Sheriff and J. F. Blackburn, Clerk of t he
Circuit Court of Said C~unty:
Mr . Dove will please eccept and confine i11 j E.11 Marvin Harris and
lllr. Blackburn -.ill pl ease ar range to have t-he che.rges contained in
the within warraut investigated by the Grand J ury of said County on
t he 17th day of October, 1927, however, t he Sherif f ·l!ill recognixe
t he proper process issued by the Bail Co11111issioner looking to t ~e release of t he accused on bond.
Given und er

s.,=

'Cl)

_5

.,...
...c::

~

...c::
IC
I-&lt;
I-&lt;
IC

~

....UJ
(II

I-&lt;
I-&lt;

~

_,.____

§
......c::

=
_5

-;:

-.,~

0

',:I

0

C.)

.;
;&gt;

:i"'

.,u
~

[;z;l

.,...

.,

N,
o.;

""

c::

::: -;;;s
0 :
i:i:

0

:,,

',:I

0
,::,

.,

-;:

'Cl)

s::
·;:

·="'

.;
',:I

',:I

s::
c::

CII '

Ill

~

s..
s..

GS
::i::

.:.

•••:,,

s..

~

s;i:
..-f:

,Q:

.,

-+&gt;:
C):

',:I

S,oi
~

0:

E E

0.

s::
.: s:: s::
:E;
:
u ~
0

0

c::
A , .=
'Cl)

~

.,.,"'
"'
.E

= -~

0
C.)

,:

e:::

c::

-~
.,

ii=' 0
';:

"'
-~
.5
"'...
.£ ..., §

'Cl)

~

"'

,::,

=
c::

I=

.

.
.

t&gt;

ex:

s:: .5
.,

',:I

:,,

';:

E
E
0

,::,

,::,

';:

::"'s::

:,,

~

i0

:,,
&lt;::

',:I

.J::'

,ta:

CO,

.,
:§

tfJ

�Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:

You are hereby comm.anded to summon ...... ........ .. .. .. ... .. .... ..... .. ... ..... .... ... .. .... ... ... ..... ...... ..... ....... .. ..... ..

....... ................... J.., 1.•....P. l 14!.1'JIJ.g_, P..!....~. D..o.ff l.~II1Yt3.I.'.,.....W. ... -~·•· .~.11.11.r..'9.~:Z:: .. ..8:ll:.~
• T. Rexrmde

to appear before the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham. County, at the Court House
thereof, at JO o'clock, a. m. , on the ...l'l.t h.... ...... day of .. ..
...... ..0.G.t .ob.~ r. .
19 27
to testify and the truth to say in behalf of the Commonwealth before the GRAND JURY

.. ..v.s..•... Marvin .. H9.rri.s. .... ..... ....... ............................
who stands charged witb and indicted for a felon y
And this ..... .. .. .... .. .t hey ....

misdem.eauor.

shall not omit under the penalty of £JOO.

And have then

and there this Writ .
Witness , /. F. BLACKBURN , Clerk of our said Court, at the Court House, the .
day of

/9.:2::7·1~~1.:Yir.~~2~.

. .... ..Oc.t .. ....... ....... ..... ..

th..

-L, T ·

- ~

P&amp;L PRESS, Harri10,,burg, Va.

J:. t:t.h...... .

of the Commonwealth .

...... .. ,
.

.

Clerk .

�A / &amp;z
Execute r1 &amp;t "I

by d eli veri n g

a

-

t rue Cop y of th e
/

~ !' L ~
.

~:-n.: :+•• •
w ith inS umm ons to. d

__.. .In peraon.

l

;t}
t/J

..q

•r-1

.µ
,-j

H
H

(I)

tr::

·m

~
0
~
0

b

m

s::
&gt;
~

~

~

i::--- .

~
...._
i::--,-j

•r-1

Cf.I

:&gt;

~

•

.µ
C}

0

�In the Name of the Common wealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County , Greeting:

You are h ereby comm,ande d to summon.

~o:::::r::~,=t :::!:,
:h;

to testif

.

~4z:;~;~~

~'.i~ iy°.~
t!IZ:::::::lth·a· ~ ~-

o:. t~:~, ~::·:::t

-=Ya::::~

wh!:!:!~p;~~
·
~or a'f'mm;g- mi,demeanor,

.:t

1

. . . . . .... .

.11.nd this .. ,,t;:;_
. . .. shall not omit under the penalty of £100 . .11.nd have then
and there this Writ .
Witness, J. _ffi', B.L.11.CKBURN, Clerlc of our said Gour: , at the Cou,rt House, the
/ Q. day of.~ ~
~., 19dl and in the
1 ear of the Commonwe alth.

Ji. f:.~

New,-Record , Harrisonburg, Va.

iiJ['c!.:t

.... . . .. , Clerlc.

�Exe cu t oct j /
--d"_Zf, N ,lfd

2

with inSu mm ons to ;z/.g ..
_

in pers on.

by deli v erin g a tru e Cop y of
the

~ ?1~ ~

�VS.

Misdr. (Pro.)

~s~

~1f-1-7 -

,.
• .
FLORA MORRIS it . ,,. 'A !
LLOYD RAINES-/u:tjP-1-M~~ ~

/

'

•·

'I'

't

J

.1
,

�'
,

I
I

t

!

l.
./

I

'•

l

/

l

'
/

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34607">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Marvin Harris, Flora Morris and Lloyd Raines</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34608">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34609">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="34610">
                <text>Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="34611">
                <text>transportation of ardent spirits</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34612">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34613">
                <text>1927</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34614">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34615">
                <text>RcPr-box6-029</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34616">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34617">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34618">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="466">
        <name>Harris</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="189">
        <name>Morris</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="175">
        <name>Raines</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24449" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14523">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_019_056.pdf</src>
        <authentication>3276a623db73ddfd491de642a587c17b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272499">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Coleman</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272500">
                <text>1889</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272501">
                <text>Grand larceny</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272502">
                <text>Defendant charged with grand larceny. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272503">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272504">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272505">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="272506">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272507">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272508">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272509">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272510">
                <text>Ccr002_019_056</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="269">
        <name>Coleman</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="693">
        <name>Jackson</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24355" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14429">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_020_049.pdf</src>
        <authentication>dde1c577dcce874b17ead6496eb91306</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271353">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Dillard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271354">
                <text>1893</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271355">
                <text>Unknown</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271356">
                <text>Defendant charged with unknown offense.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271357">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271358">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271359">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="271360">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271361">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271362">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271363">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271364">
                <text>Ccr002_020_049</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1097">
        <name>Dillard</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="6524" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6259">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_151-commonwealth-v-mary-elizabeth-taylor.pdf</src>
        <authentication>2492e158b9b62f45d8642493bb731d29</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="76414">
                    <text>f

•

.

n
,.,,._.

•

��' .

~

r;i;~

C m.,r.

the

ie

7'

1s ructs

+ ·

,.

m'ea 1 tl! to prov

of:fen

11~a

,t,

e charged

't

1 • ...

t"1at co.nition,

r

evv

r"'

r.dir!tment,

j

...._,,..':. '.P

tmt

t1e;

P,,

n:i

the

is upon t.he

,._.1•rden

and if

they

h · ch after

the

Rr.~ r .2.s·na

. auf!

entire

the ~har

le

com!)arison

cf-! 1•,t say the~, :f'eel an al:)iding

1

0f'
I

that

nee

fact

~

the

ir.

he Jury

ccnvicticr:

e."

•

Instruction
The C-ourt inst
ei,in:inf"&gt;e tJ-nt

Tay10r,

/-1,--

)'f

then
,,;,y

·~

4.

,h . J 1ry tl.c t if

cti:,

the accu~ed

was dead,

iOo

mar.,..lec. n bert

they

G. hill

f'ir1c1 the

Wt8

.,,,,'

(,,,.

,,,_,,__c ...
~,,

··e . "P

t'I-.A

entertainirig

v1hile

?J.di.;"
·"'t • ,.

~-

.
~-e.

o.,,( th;

~

ard,

i Fl·

ac1.__
1;.setl

_i. ; ' (.ft

J-,·~,,..,....

t:.e:

✓

I

/1

~:t&lt;
J
~;

ffw;p.1,"1-

w/r

/71-

�f

•

�······M··}~
....,1l,;.

'}K

r~
/4~

.( .~

~

i. !l.(1.4A-1f~
.. Ji{~'.·,~~

't

,~13'71
&amp;«oU--v~

J 4'(}-t-V~

!.,b~(h(~

7 'th,u/.
i

).1),

.........
.

./f ~~

~

....p../r.

....
.

~

.

~..-?~
;(p

'v4 (!,/{~

'r h--:-£7.
Ii~~

ro J.&gt;,vt,w~~~
LI
1

~-

tJ?. ~~

9.A,IJ~

.

��.I

I ,

.&lt;ft

'\A~1:..,,.:..

'-',:.,, ___

,.,,.,,

i~ t7h ../

Jt
L

�1

•

,

�• •

r

~ ~✓~,w{-~r--

h~

/1,i)

~

of-£~~~

do ,,___.. £ ~~~ - ~
~ -- ~ ~~: - ,&amp;,__~-...(

~ ~
.

~-

' ---''[ £~

-

�T

•

�• ,

r

..

'

co

ON

LTL

I

V

m
.4

nd

C

to

unc

y u

y

v.

•j

t y u t

• u th

t

ur . unt
b d

-----

ort1 · i th

0

,
be o

U

0

rt

in

a
i

o

~ ~ ~·-'----11 v

n

t

d th

r

thi

.
·t

d y

t '.ourt

:i

O'

0

.

. Lo

~

....1 r . of· tho

· rt~,

,

1 l

f_

1d in

th

i

:J

,

I.Jou.rt th

,--.
t

r

~//~
' th

Clerk.

�l•

I
'

..

. .

~

r

.

1/Q{~

-:r~
,- ~ J: ~

'thlUt.t~J,,;;t,

:l, t,y

. ~-(J~
~

~I

•

•

~~-::Z
~~---

.

-

�r

•

�r

•

,

�,•

..
Commonwealth of Virginia,
COUNTYOF ROCKINGHA{,To-wit:
IN THE CIRCUIT COURTOF SAID COUNTY:
The jurors

o:f the Connnonwealth of Virginia,

the body of the County of Rockingham,
Court at its
sent

that

March term,

Mary Elizabeth

and now attending

in the year
Taylor,

alias
Kice)

in the year Aff9'/, in the said

County,

Taylor

and him the said~

her husband;
Elizabeth

and that

the said

D'llard,(whose
-

~

? -

Taylor

Taylor

to-wit,

~·

band,

one~-

and there
then

alive

J ()~

on the

of' Rockingham aforesaid,

to the said

against

day o~,

feloniounly

A..Dillard

married,

( ghose

day of'

~

alias

maiden name was Mary Elizabeth

had for
Mary

Kice,

fter-

H. Taylor

as

n

~~

4:fC:lf-e-8~

•J

aforesaid,

Dillard

then and there

Mary Elizabeth

va ds and 11hile she r1as eo married

pre-

did marry one ~~debept,

-.

·,.:

oaths

ary Elizabetr
on the

H.

the said

upon their

1911,

maiden name was tary Eli~abeth

H.

in and for

19

o?

did marry and take

in the County
as her hus-

and to him the saidGf"61:M.-J.n111ard 11as then
~

t e said

P~box"i

H.

Taylor

the peace and dignity

er former husband b

of the Connnonwealth of

Virginia.
Upon the evidence

vitnesses
evidence.

of

sworn in open Court and sent

to the Grand Jury to give

•

--------------

Clerk.

,

�·,
~

',

'\

•

r

.. '

... .
''

. .

...

I

..
.,.

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76402">
                <text>1909</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76403">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Elizabeth Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76404">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony bigamy.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76405">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="76406">
                <text>Bigamy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="76407">
                <text>Bigamy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76408">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76409">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76410">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76411">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76412">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76413">
                <text>CCR001_005_151</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1097">
        <name>Dillard</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1098">
        <name>Kice</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="406">
        <name>Taylor</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="6523" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6258">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_009_287-commonwealth-v-mary-grove-and-william-dove.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f6a8fc2ef83890fc66272f9f21f176b4</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="76401">
                    <text>'•
)

Cm1,10'{\\'EALJ'LJ

OF \'mCtKl.-\,

Roct1:-.c:11A\1 Co1...1'-Tr,

•

}TO Wl'r:

,.

10•-----

a Cou.swtJJeof sui•f Conni}':

--,

\Vhereas.

of Lhc said Couo1.}·,hos 1..his
&lt;l:,y mndc

"-'&lt;&gt;mphtin1
nnd informmion on oa1h lx;fort;?mt:,·,-~~~-~"-

•/.

lhal

lw,1

-,,I

le

oi 1he said Coun1y•

.:L

of the S..'lirl Counry. on the

b

-----uJus1ice

doyof--

-----19'.?

, in 1hcsaid Councy, did

'

L

,

These ~u'c the-rd on·. in the name or Lhe Comrnonn·~,l.d1
o( ,·ugini:.i, 10 command ) ou for1h,, l1..bto apprc•
hend ::rndUrin;:: before me, or some other Justir.c of the sniJ. Couu1y, 1he bodr or llh: ~:tid,---to aosne:1 the s~)iJ comph1in1 rmd 10 Ix: furtlH::rde,111witb ~ccording 10 l:Jw. All&lt;l.&gt;Ouarc ~quired to sum-

mon--~·

CL

•

•

to appC;trnnd-rdv&lt;:evidence in hch:)lf of 1heCommouwc:il 1h.on 1hce~amintHion IOuching the :i.t\idom•nc:&lt;'.

Civcn under my haod ::iml:¾!!ti this,·----

• in 1hc -'ear 19

r

J.P. IS.all

�'
,·•
)

,a.,s/

~,t,,y ,, l ~~ ~

/ 4C;-

19

1.

,:i.,

JL
1 ·,..,~,.~Mt.;,Roollt1~J"{'.,t ·o.111r

�Commonwealth of Virginia, 1To •t·
Rockingham County,J
-\Vt ·

c1f th(' i,:;ddc..&gt;ouJ1ly
&lt;af llockiof:)J:\m. nwl Ml"&lt;'rally a:ud r,•spM·tivcly a~kn,)wJr•IK1'1)tl,f'nta-l'lw•i lo hr in.

to t.lu- e111)JJ:n(t11\\'&lt;'flilh ot· Yirgioia, jn UllUll)~l' :md form folf(lWi(ll!~ lhAl i~ tl)

dPhh·el

,&lt;

fiily:

thf' ttiJ_

~vC,,.. ____________
_

_4~

__/_:£.~----~

---·----------------

in tllc.Jium of~---

CilllJUlfl-C: 11,•f;l~h,·,1
l'rom IIJl'

Wd,£,_:.,.__
J,
_________.£f

·-

h,&gt;mh, ot' lhi,.. !--i1Ak.

lO

tho

U8('t

of

lil{'

e&lt;immom-..·i'Jlltl1or Virgini~~ if th&lt;"Isaid

I /I_________
~_
.,IJ.Z_

MnditfoJJ~ u11,lerwrittc-u.
'flu~ com1ition of th.t• riLove r1•.-ognintnC(&gt;is tnwh tl•~1 if th1• :,h&lt;n-(' l1&lt;1un&lt;.L_____

__{!(_~

__If -~-----

--------d'l

illl(l

'-bflll l:lf'f801rnlly,IJ•pe-.n 1,i•ft&gt;rt.• tho C'ircuit

~ .day of the. --~--------~
__________

Court ot Rocki,lgh:uu. ou th\1__/..__

thereof, bl!ing lbc

)_f_____
1fny ol'--~~~f:::_!'_"_____

n.nd lh 1•11 nnd thew ,w~wt•r the• ('ouutl('lnw..:alth of Vir,Kiuht

wbe.u•or lhe sa.LJ_../A(_~_/:f.

__._~-----

------

_ ____T1•rm nMt

19:!L.. ~L fl1(l C&lt;•url-bu111;cth1:l"&lt;'of1
c·onO('J'Di11(;'

n c·&lt;'rUdn -~---

---------.:,;l:.an.ds l'Jrnr(:ttil1 anJ tth:))Inul

,1,·pilrt lhence withnut the Je1n•1•()f aaid CoLLrt,thrn the nho"e l'f'Cogni.zancl~
~hnU be ,·oid rmtl or no

1.ficet.~)Llwrwii,ct.o J·\•.mniuin full foroc 1\ud\;rtuc.
TakPu and oekuowlt-«.igedbdol'e. me. the dn:t nnd yc;u 6rs1. o.Lo,·e written.

/y~~

��•
"

••

•

CO1!lJOJ;·11F'AT,m!!
OF \l'!RCil1!A,
COUliTY OF ROC.lallGPMI, ~o-w1t:

r" thG Ci!'GUit

o'£ t:.1e i.:cmaomv alth

The jurors
:for the

body of the

L,-c :a:s.i.l Court

!o

Ji~B-4!:t

ot

~~o

i926,

or aalel ;ounty:

Court

at lts

October

-,;ha.t 1ra~ ..

Dovo. a •~i te man, tor

State
,u,;

t:.6

ors.th.a

waoan. a resider.t
.26t!: W

or

~

.

Slid t119 i

1nter.tlon

• ,·~

u~d did
!'.

of' ret1.~!'nin&amp;

u:ll.awfuli,
Dovo,

and

a whito

1·a1on-

,,,_n, in

tllo

of' 1.;aryl.and, -e.ud e.1't.er-.va:rda r~turn&amp;d to Lhe oou.uty

state

!lto:resa1&lt;1 with

!".er'3. w1tl~ him.

nfore

"1d county

f .te

Id Tlilli=

and a &amp;to, a,:a.1,ist

io::.t:. i"ttig_

• Love and ro!l.!1.1wife

in

ti.te

tl-.e neac,e and dignity

at V1rtlin1a.

::i:il:~:;,::ent

GroTie, "-Cb: J. Dove.
noie!",

tJ.~

cohabi t1n.c- llE r~

~o=omre~,t!:
~t-~

~~.lrt

u_pon thei:

the 1mr,po.ee of me.rr;;;tng hire.. tl:e

nld 1,'1lliac

sidef

0

1926,

attend-

Q&lt;J'i1

Vlr 1nl&amp; with o=e W~ll1am ~.

to t!"".e 3-;a"te of '/1rg1!'1&amp;,

1. csl,y marry

term,

on or a~ou~ the

tl.e :aid Stnteot

iY1111ez ~- !love.

Rookin .n!lltl e.nd

GroTe, a oolored

St.a e o~ ~:~&amp;1,nia,

lott

oaid

or

oounty

o:.' V1::-~1nie. in and.

!a !ot.nd
~

~

:&gt;on,

on U:e taatlm.oey

. ~. love,

O•o-- o f.l-ttic.o,

an, aent 1:istoro tL!t cran4. Ju.rt to

.Sa1.l~e Slloe-

1fibesaes
1,e

ac: :J!--41a:

mn:tm 1n

e-,ideco-e.

�,__
Com.'Oomoalt!o
v) l1ullotmont

l.:o.r;: ~rove

:"olony

October

~er~~

1~2G.

/

J.. Tr,ie llill:

· ~ •lp_• ti. W~L

#

t,·01•!)ntfU1

,

'

D. T;, :::;UJ."f.1$.U

:01ir.1orMG!lJ.t.''a AtLoruey

0

'!'-...

··:

,

•

.

�•

-

'
l
f

Co:.rnosw&amp;Al.,TU
01r V11\G1N.1A, 1-0 wtT
R•IL-.1.1:SGti\ "1 COi "iTt

•

of me,,..i,1 Conn1y. ba, tbi&gt;day mod.

complnlnt uml i.nformatioll ,,n oath bl•forc nlt\

T

• •

o Ju~tit(I of th&lt;"JldiJ Cout'II.)',

lhlll-

o( the suid Counl\., on 1h(,

n,be

!1h.• therefore. 10

da, of

192-.., in 1he t-niilC'ounl), Jitl

tht name orlh1!Com.ft1()n1'1·t.-:thh
&lt;&gt;I\'ire1n1J1.

10

cumotiuld
,,ou

fonh-w1th10

lllrJ'l'f'e·

h('nd -andbrio2 bl'forc me, o.r oomt, mhcr Jus1itt of t-hl!»aid Coun1y, 1h~l&gt;Oi.hor llw '-raid

..

mou

Wly of.-

J. P. &lt;S•uU

�'

•

••

'

•

•

•

~

�•

..

•

Co1no1on,vealth of Virginia, l 1,
.. .
0
ltockingham County,!
_,, 11·
B IT 1:""'" ...,au 11,,, '"' ,,...

A~--~/..___,.1111,•l••rt1r,,

7:- ·•·~..r

.L--ef~

.

~--

i,,."""'
-1~

1,,,._
Y~~~-

_!2=~-----

--,ff'~

/

_ 11,1"'-.

~.

t!~~

----~ce'::::.._
---

---

h~

tl/_&lt;-4,£..,,..f,,,~

�•

...'
••

..
•

�,

�•

�..•'
•
•

CO!,!!IOmr~r.:r,m OF ,·11101nu,
CO!J';~"{

or

l.0(:lCl:JiGJUJ.:, to-wit;

or

::,, the i,1ran It Court

ot t.ho oou.n~y o! ?.:'te':.:i_ ....ll1II

ti:e bo y
:)o

that

tits

Ootoh

William

J • Do

~t

ss id CouPt;r:

~,
, 11,,..

np11.r.:.
t:.elr

:926,

't

tt

reside .. t o~ tho Sta:te or ;:·1rein.ia.,

....J.3 ot !.te.y. 1926,

ou ore.bout

~!.o 26t'

o~ '/irfinia.

W11.1 o•,e t.!arJ Grove,

;,•ar;iosa or roarr:,in
irrtention

her,

of rotu.rn1n

the

we=, 1n

in

i,,,hO

dignity

Uorcuald

a. color~d

t. e

""r-::,

t • si-..--.:eor

t e

&amp;id State

W0'1'ln, for

_aid J.Ja-::yllrovo,

'='l=ed to t...a oount1 and. state
'.lro·,e and rea14od

lott

the

uncl. v.ith

~o ~he s· ...ate or Vir 1nla,

u:.i.wr- 11,- anO. telor.iou.&amp;l

colore

oa.ths do Jresen-;

:.he

and. d.if.

~1 d L:ar1 Gl'O'TO, a

t;;,l"jla,i

,

aro,.esaia. rt th the Ba.l.G.J:ar.
cohabl ti

hero wt tll. her,
oou: t:, e.nd. ste.te,

~

as ':llin end "1 ta

at.,..a1n,t the neaae and

or tha Coinmon,ieo.l.:;l:o• V1 •g1nta.

?!.18 1 41ot ent

C-Nve:' .ro

J1

ie fo,tnd

Oil u:e teatimon,v

Dove, ~lie

&lt;:&gt;fr.Ll.lia?n

Shoe·eker,

�.,

,_..

001:unonwuti.l
th
v) Tn~iotcer,t

Tiillie.w It; Dove

Folony

Ootobor tore:, 1926.

J, Truo

l!ill:

- ..LJ.9• • d:

i) • " •

Yo
,.;t,.::
· .

Ee l"l:la!O

~o-~.r.i~r:w•alth'~ l,.ttoi~ne.v

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76389">
                <text>1926</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76390">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Grove and William Dove</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76391">
                <text>Defendants charged with felony interracial marriage and felony cohabitation.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76392">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="76393">
                <text>Interracial Marriage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="76394">
                <text>Cohabitation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76395">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76396">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76397">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76398">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76399">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="76400">
                <text>CCR001_009_287</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="362">
        <name>Dove</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="950">
        <name>Grove</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25317" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15234">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_009_004.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f739e77ee15e38152c6f0e36d6685792</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283727">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Haynes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283728">
                <text>1826</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283729">
                <text>Assault and Beating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283730">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and beating. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283731">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283732">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283733">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="283734">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283735">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283736">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283737">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283738">
                <text>Ccr002_009_004</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1530">
        <name>Chrisman</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="774">
        <name>Haynes</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24361" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14435">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_020_055.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e1e1c8769d4f5f5fd8e519f369cf1165</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271427">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Jane Baugher</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271428">
                <text>1893</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271429">
                <text>Aiding and Concealing Stolen Goods</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271430">
                <text>Defendant charged with aiding in concealing stolen goods knowing them to have been stolen. Not a True Bill</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271431">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271432">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271433">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="271434">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271435">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271436">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271437">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271438">
                <text>Ccr002_020_055</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="281">
        <name>Baugher</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24570" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14574">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_017_041.pdf</src>
        <authentication>12ff50571cfc0267e9dbd84e98154efe</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273990">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Jane Plaugher</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273991">
                <text>1869</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273992">
                <text>Lewd and Lascivious Cohabitation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273993">
                <text>Defendants charged with lewd and lascivious cohabitation.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273994">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273995">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273996">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="273997">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273998">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273999">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="274000">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="274001">
                <text>Ccr002_017_041</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1127">
        <name>Airey</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1128">
        <name>Plaugher</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25583" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15499">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_006_017.pdf</src>
        <authentication>6244377c7202267af5357d905c30b11f</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287034">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Rice</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287035">
                <text>1818</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287036">
                <text>Permiting negro slave to go at large</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="287037">
                <text>African American</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="287038">
                <text>Enslaved Person</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287039">
                <text>Defendant charged with permiting a negro slave to go at large.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287040">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287041">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287042">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="287043">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287044">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287045">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287046">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287047">
                <text>Ccr002_006_017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="845">
        <name>Rice</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3270" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3084">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/eab06930a6576550bbe22f4386405b9d.pdf</src>
        <authentication>29e2d5afc6cdd157c278aba6c260a05e</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48509">
                    <text>co \,1mm_'JEALTH

OF VI RGINI A,

COUI['_ - 0
In

'iOCKil G: 1M, to - wit :

he Ci rcuit Cour t of s ~ id County :
The jurors of the Commonvie al th of Vi g i n i a in

the bodv of s a id county of l ockin gham and now
Court a t i ts Au

nd f or

ttendin.o- sa i d

st term , 1930 , upon t heir o ths do present

that Mary i OSser , on Augus t 9 , 1930 , in sa i d county , di d unl awfully have in her pos session t h i rty nine bottles of (ho .e brew )
ardent spi rits , ag i ns t the pea c e and di gni ty of the Commonwea lth
of Virginia .

Thi s i ndi c t ment is found on · he te s t i mony of W. T. , exrode ,
vri tness srrorn i n Court f'md sent bef' o e

dence .

he gr and jury to give e v i ..,

�Pos s
Com
v) I nd ic tment
Mary Ross e r

t---l-"-· •·
M:is deme anor
August t erm, 1930

A True Bill :

~-M~A

~

For~ n

1

D • \{ . Earman
Commonwe a lt h ' s At t orney

�to-wit:

Commonwealth of Virginia-City,-Cormey- of~// ~

To the Prohibition lnspecto,s, Sheriffs, Sergeants, and all Police Officers and ,Constable;:6:7State of

has this day made complaint and information on oath before me, _________ _
Title

of the said

&lt;•&gt;

n::t

Ccity
oun t y

that he verily believes, that in the said

Ccity
oun t y

and State:

::::~2:~-:z;;::::t~~~::~:-~:z~k

by one...

Jll&amp; . . ~ . . . ..:~~~.:~~.~~~t.~~-~~~~.~:.~:~.~~~.~=~.~~.~:~~~.~~.~~. ~~~~. ~~~·~·~· · · · · · -· · · ··· · · · · · · · ~
Give name, if name unknown. say , "'Whose name is to the informant unknown "

(b) A still, still cap, worm, tubs, fermenters and other appliances connected with such still and used, and mash and
other substances, capable of being used, in t h e ~ e of Ardent Spirits, are unlawfully in the possession of, and unlawfully used by one ....

~......................................................................................................................
Give name. if name unknowr'Y

in a certain ..

··w~ose name is to the informant unknown'

°.....~..~ ~ · ~ d . f . .....t!!Y.. ....~
a&amp;!.t.f.!f..~.
-"--'{· .....~✓-~
7p·~·'"'!1/h.M.
~..---::-:?"..7.
Here describe place as in (al above

r .• /

(c) Ardent Spirits are being unlawfully kept, held, stored, concealed, used, sold, and unlawfully transported in certain baggage or a certain vehicle, to-wit: a certain
Here describe vehicle, auto, wagon, carriage, buggy, boat. baggage o r what n ot

by one .............. . ····················································.························································································: ........................ .
Here give name, or describe as in [a] above

And there being reasonable cause for such belief:
THESE ARE, THEREFORE, IN THE NAME OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, to command you,
with all necessary and proper speed and assistance, to search the house, place, baggage, boat or vehicle herein designated, either in day or night, and seize such ardent spirits and their containers and other things apparently possesd or used in violation of law, and bring the same and the person or persons, in whose possession they ·are found,
and also any person resisting, impeding, obstructing, or in any manner hindering or delaying you in the execution
of this warrant before me, or some other officer having jurisdiction of the case, to be disposed of and dealt with
according to law; and make return of this warrant showing all acts and things done thereunder, with a particular
statement and sufficient description of the things seized and the name of the person in whose possession found, if
any, and if not found in the possession of any one, so state in your return, and post a true copy of this warrant and
the return thereof, as required by law.
Given under my hand and seal this..

~

.

~

~

9 ........day of... ...~ /19'/,?,.'!:.......

r

�L.

.

· If only ·.Ardent Spirits and con taine.rs be seized,

th~ Magistrate shall fix a time not less. than 10
n,or more than 30 days from the date of return,
for the hearing of said return. If no claimant
appear, the Ardent Spirits and articles a.re to be
fotfeited to Commonwealth. Any person claiming any of same must file a written claim stating
particularly the character and extent of his interest therein, whereupon the Magistrate shall
certify the warrant, written claim and articles
claimed, t o the Circuit or Corporation Court, as
the case may be, for determination, and declare
the unclaimed articles forfeited.

2. If .still, still cap, worm, tubs, heater. fermenters,
or any appliance connected with a still and used,
or mash or other substance capable of being used, in the manufacture of Ardent Spirits, be
seized, the mash (after taking a sample) shall be
destroyed, and the facts and articles seized reported to the Prohibition Commissioner and
(A copy of this
Comrnonwealth'.s Attorney.
warrant and proper return will be a sufficient
notice and report.) Ardent Spirits and containers disposed of as in No. 1 above.

4. A copy of this warrant an4· the return thereon
must be posted at the front door of the house, or
on the door of the room, or on the premises at
the place the Ardent Spirits may be found.

See Sections 21 1-2, 22, 23, 23 1-2, 57 and 57 1-2,
Acts of Assembly, 1918, Page 578.

£_-----------:.------: ------.
a
--7rx -· a --~ ~

--£J_ ~

..

.i:"~:'.~ia .--------------- •·____ ---------Execu ted the within warrant this
--

of - ~

713

___ ,

19,.i_O,

_J__2;:._ ___

~

-- ~

J __

~

1

------

ctJ4-_q ~------

Other than above stated the following are witnesses.:

-d:~

searching the

within s tated -----~ ~ ----H ere state house. room, piece

a nd by se1zmg the following described Ardent
Spirits and other things the rei n found (and arresting the above n amed person found in possession
thereof) and by posting a true copy of this warrant

This matter set for h earing on the ________ day
of ---------------- -------, 192 ____ •

and the return h ereon on the _______________.______ _

No claim of ownership or interest in any of the
said things seized having b een filed herein in compJiance with the law, the same are hereby adjudged
and declared confiscated and forfeited to the Commonwealth.
Given under my hand this ________________ day

Here say place, house. room, boat,

auto or Baggage, or as case. may be

as front door of house, door of room or premises

of

Description of Ardent Spirits and other things
.

d

_ f ~ ----m /--------------r,3------_L f l l _ ~__v_~ ~
~

3 se1ze ,

_9-__

3. If Ardent Spirits are b ei ng transported in an automobile, boat, wagon, buggy, or other vehicle,
the Ardent Spirits and containers shall be preserved and the vehicle shall b e delivered to the
Sergean.t of the City, _ the facts reported to the
Prohibition Commissioner and Commonwealth's
Attorney and Ardent Spirits and containers disposed of as provided in N o. 1 above. (A copy of
this warrant and proper return will be a sufficient report. )

The following named officers and persons assist ed me in the execution of thi~ war.rant:

WARRANT TO SEARCH FOR ARDENT
SPIRITS, ETC.

DIRECTIONS

/_ _______ L~----

C'3/7'1-&amp;r&gt;_______________ _

' -----,

192 ___-__

I
Title of Magistrate

Written claim of ownership or interest having
been filed to cer tain of the said things herein seized, this warrant, the said claim and the things in
th e claim particularly described, are hereby certifi ed to the ________________ Court of this _________ _
for dete rmination, a nd the said things unclaimed
are hereby adjudged and decla.red confiscated
and forfeited to the Commonweal th.
Given under my hand this ________ _: ______ day
of --------------- :______ , 192 ____ _

Title of Magistrate

----------------------------------q

~ ----------

. ?iv~n ~ u~ er my hand this __ L __ !.c. ____ day of

-~w=Tt3"·1n3.__a
_4{£'

/

E.!~TIUo - - -

NOTE. -Unless warrant issued for Ardent Spirits
being transported in vehicle, boat or baggage, it is
to be returned to the jurisdiction from which issued, If is.sued for Ardent Spirits so transported , it
can b e executed in. any part of the State, and returned to any justice in any oounly or city through
which they are can::ied.

�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
You are hereby commanded to summon .... ...

~~~~~G~;~~:

L TH

against .

who stands charged w ~ = ~icted for a felon y misdem eanor.
sball not omit under .the penalty of £100. And bave then
And this ...... .. ....

k'.7 . ...

and there this Writ .
Witne ss, );. RqB£/T SWI TZER, Cle~k of our said C~urt, at the Court House, the
the. Commonwealth.
r
and l/1' . tb 15~ .
daJ1 of ... ~ " ' ..... 19~

P
, Clerk

p

a L.

PRE SS, H AR RI SO NBU RG

v•.

�~xecuted_._=-'----J..---1by deliver r

within Summon

.oi.

In

•.J

~

a tru

1{, o

v

th

~~
lfr~ /!-a/LqC" -~

�CODOliWEJLTH

t

vs.

I

JU.RY ROSSER

)

:Misdr. (Pro.)

j
l

..

�;

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36898">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Mary Rosser</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36899">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36900">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="36901">
                <text>Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="36902">
                <text>posession of ardent spirits-39 bottles home brew</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36903">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36904">
                <text>1930</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36905">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36906">
                <text>RcPr-box8-078</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36907">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36908">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36909">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="529">
        <name>Rosser</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
