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'5 0 "O 0 ~4 0 '>40 '\O O "'0 0 �v ~.n-,, ~-s·t> 1,1 ,-o , , P-,' . ----- {, ..,.,.. - �In the Name of the Commonweallh of Virginia: 'fo the Sh.c-ri£1of lloc-&.h)etrnnaCoun1r, 1,1 1tJ1;1r11,.J,rji11r 1hr .finlf11 /If ITtt>l.'inwll JJ01u,-01rN •f ,; 1011',•{Q,.4•_ a. m.,, In •111~ t~'Wfi t~tlil~ 1-("h'? •'""''' rAnrv·'u'ltl1 ,,nd 11 ,,, n.-~un..i:: l'i,nrt "/' H,,d·l11.Jh,t111 ('iJ•1t1t11,,,I tlu -{ 0 ~,111 "l (0.. C. fr ' r.;::;:ul~(_ Cmv-t A l9 V', / ,,._.< ,a,lw,,,/,,,.,I!'"''"~ IH U Jrnv,,n, I' .1,.,1 tlth 1-t~(_ Allall not ,,mil k,t,/,,- thr I ,, 1/Jr, nf .L'IOO, .lmi lt,,t? lion u.nfl ll1rre tlw, If j It, IVi.lM•~. J, !;, IJL ICltRf!R ..... (~l t'/1. <•/our •11.i-tl<._'ont,11/ J/,., ( 111.rt JJmN•it. tltt: -,,,o,i,Jyf1/ l.i:!- vV· . 19 YJ,,11tlli llu-'41,~fJf'.<H'Vfl/1,. 9 .'f. , ,,-.:,l ~,,_~--, ('<1tntllhf)lr1,;>1tf,. -- ,.,,.,k �~ -/4 ,/,,,,,._ •j 7euJ.,._Jf.... <-( �Tn the Name or tb~ Commonwealth of Virginia: I • ,,·I,,,~, •'fll• r.A "'I ,I J,a;/ ,,~u rm,l llurt I/ii, W,t,HtA••• I 11:1tJ, uM ,,.,firt, I /(,1· n /,-fl,,.:, n11f.«cm('llAQr g/rnlf 11ul "11fll 10-.rlrt Jiu· fll'l:t~ll!I Wuc. [,', OL.Jl"KC('ll.N i"l,·rl., ,,f (Hlr • ~,,,1Cmo'I, ~r£ ,,1 1011 .IMI ti,-, ( Mtrl Aur /{qt,,~. u,,.,, lh.e ,w • t'ltrk. ��f •• Arre.1 Warn.nt Commonwealth ·~~1 To. Wit: Rockingha • To •a Cons'1Me of said CGunty: m rhc \\l,ere:J.>._~~~~:::!:::'.!:::c_- cc>mphint and .io:,i< on ouh htfor 1nfo·t1~1 Cou111f <----<.._ h...~ 1hi d.l~ made::t Ju-.ti'---e~ I t IC <a.id County. th~t ~ lhe!c att thcrd~•rc~ in 1hi: nimc ul dtc Lummom,c-'.l!th ,,. \ ir;ini2. : , cumnu:,rl ,ou hmhwith m~. or <f'l-ne Dlhcr-JtMl1.~ ,.f d.c 'SUJCounn. ~ ?1'-';-.,__ _] ........... ,..,,,_,.~~, :apprehend 2nd hnn..::bd~ wmrnc:m ________________ the ho1.h ni the- (,f'P, -.Ji'1 _ 10 appear 2nd g1,·t' evidence in behalf of the Com Bl(~,,i:-ahh. on rh<' c,,mm..:uc ..rt1 H•o, hiol,! 1bc l Gin:n urukr m, lund and ...a] th.i.i: z. C < Aid �I Jud~\":01 n., die Qe,f,ra,aas '-cl , tm,- ...t llwd __,. - -- ..''°'""'" ,.,,... ~---...,. .. ---------·J;.< ·; ... �. ' A. ..., ·"' I •• .,},. ��v. C!!AR!ll !!'0 TE:; J'Cl!Y llS!INARll R01:D!llU$ll I1' you flnd ,~tlty, yo Will I::" you rind t •n you will 1,i lernard Roudl).lmsh, no~ a7 so <.Di no 111ore. him guilt, oa:r ao ontl !he por..itent1ary nor mora tban th~ ncc"sod, s tu ohar;;od in ~he in&. ctment, h1n puniaJ -,ant "Y oonfine· "or a period o! r.o less t1ve years, not exceeding one ,ear, or, .t.an in your discretion, or o~th such t\ne •nt one y~ar by a tine t 1" Jail and imprison ,ent. �Coaaomr~al th V BernorA Roud.e.bu.eh Charce to ·the Jury �..' Ii• the 01rou1t Court or said Connty: d or said a bodJ, OT "t an a to obt'-e 1. d unl ..-t'Ul. rate·' !at aldo or iver, 0 oet"' _., Stoll a Coot doah Oity, tl.e ttrovrl • tl.•J uo.14 wtella. iol. Jook, c ,v; ort&l ou1 1 u,-::1;1y Ued. Am in tl,e 11un~r ar. 110 torr: tt a Juror e in<l tl.e Juro,-s i'u.-th•r raaant .-.... e, 1927, 1 " e Co 1· ok ~ e Q co -- "814 o.:.Eo oalth a.toresatd G.ie. kill, u o•. c.etr 11.1'1, 'id oath• ot 1 oatm,1 t.1 oat e '..hn l.oth dlJ.¥ ot G.rl YB an a 1;0 o"Ue tollo-,;i o.1 .And eo ~l ss.id ., ..o Jurors tor.: a.orec.31d talc i t.er, o~ Stella .nd kl a.r ,,er tl,o 01111,U g Cool::, to tho all.!.G.Stella a ore aio. u a on:,i.rli !loudab I "re 1 ::J. t· e re&d a..:d t\L'Y"ll over, us1 ortal -...ile t o o etwoon tt. ·, a.1 ra :.ml. inJu:,10!(! or w"aia ~- lit, peed, to leave do aroroaud, .j or ,. oo.r 111'."ln.st to ot ··.!.r£1n!a. ht ,,ta fLd e. mortr-1. won d 1 o ai.L ".i Y ,rs;,· on the wes ...!. !1e o.r tl:& i'..t im.1 'tl: )tlt"a ·etio, 0·1e Slolla ;ooJ: C1t:r, 11raokle 81, b:· t= Spotswood. ..,l:"a.ll am ,lemnd.:ah psbli~ ti,ne, d :utter , 1e10,10ua).s t;· a!oM nild S1'oml!l• oar o.t t! orna::,d. !la ,do.bush an or t,bout ,ha~ a we .l Juice 1. Stoll~~ " aforeoai , aeo a au r.nd. unu 11 g ter a e. ~ • ·oad o o tl:e o. t a,; 1 .J,pot, 1.ood '!'rail ltl, 1:L'll 1 01, Joo ,.,.1.; St lla lio • e on tie d auto ;o il.e to l av cause ).er, ap e4 o ufl:er a. ortal Cooi:, t1' eir a:-cth .. tore the eat S~ella <llli d Jtella 1 u,ta.:: tly " a., died. • •1 o say tl:a. ,unner a 4 ~ook in th "- c I. di !t;r or �I • • • • �tl.e 1o~omre..e..l""..:.lGt Vi rg1nia. I.!:d "'c!.o J :irora 11.to::,esald u,:o.;i U.eir o&U presont ~.1.t ::arD&rd Ro~dabu,sb o:: or «"bout tlla let!. 1927 in t!'4e. ~ollDty arora .aid. did \.hile tt1e :9ubl!0- l 1gl1wo.y on 1i,,ltOvurnt Side the J;.la co: let, tho timi:. cont:rol, and wottr..din Stolla n:nd no caused upo1: thoir 9e.i.d Stella kill, ~~--et Joot 1•1ltw,tly wo=d, "ilie ~fJll.111' an\ dl-:!t,1 Jol:w !.a)ler, before ti i:: ert:1.nd ~ook i,einr V!. r;;tr.ia O!'t~ the aai~ s1'or~sn1d Bc:r.oe.rd '!tou.de.buoli e.toreCJ ~ 11, t'elon.iously CdrJmO n;!lltL -teLti :;rii"t'l ✓ Jur~ WO'llld ,>l.e, Ju.rora tile oaid IJ-f ~., on;-..e ·1~ l~ WS.3 no-t t:nder I! a,umL g" ar, o~ wl,loh Oook i \ i:nn.LZ.erand. rort1 .Loud~!'b.:o,c.J: •:1111.a DtiV1B, &1d. A. J. 1 acd. sent fU ,.-,a $0 the died. ~a,....n!. =·::i,,_'f!s, between aa tie oach-:i ai·oJ.·onn.id do ~a~,t that tte Ri wr ';>Ianandouh or. 3c..!~ S-:.e.ll& Cook to th": n-olII!d 1 Cook, to &.rl:toi- a '10l'tal 3'!.id Stella Jur.e, u~1tomobile 11.. one .3 ella --10 sa.td. :1ta-~e. .=ooE, her, da;r of no c't.':'"iVrt auu: on~· that tl rcnr1r • rn 3,-e::-. ti:cl'e'tl" 1.. of tt 3potS71ood "'t•!All uJ:1d s: er ..'ln,loa;:. City, Lim in tl:?.- car at tJ.e dr1v1n,g do or~saioi 11 " Davi~, ll., ey o! 1! rr:.le 1... a.D 11tmet.aa.::. ~·iry to 1;.·ivo ov 1 de1!<HJ. ot lld V!sr 11118. v = las, ::Oon_e..1:i-,d. SWOl'll I. Court �~ • , • ..... ' /I, ,. ..,." 0 .. Sb . ,...,. ... ~ g;. " .. t~ ,, e >-j .." " ~~ ~ 0 :, ,'.l ' • 0 ... ~ •D ~ .. ,, ,. t •• i; 0 - t u. 0 -.. •1 ~ <> ... ,. r;: "' i; "... ':? p, .,. g ~ -C, ► .. ti:,' t1 .. .. ~ a, >-j �l"Ollff'IIU/5 ) ~ llou4alluh • �- 8. _(U,-,u,v ,,,..~ ,~-••,«<.~ 'jP.t!i.~ I, .• ~ "::1,;;u,{_ ...., J#, ~ l,( ,....,._.__ -ff""•L- ~~ vV.:,,~(.,.,r ~ , 1.-F" f.JO /.S-"' f";i.d iT � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Bernard Roudabush Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony manslaughter. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Manslaughter Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_009_300 Cook Roudabush https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_008_239-commonwealth-v-bernard-lam.pdf ed5a9367178e5217abbd24ba0e81cf5a PDF Text Text • .. 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'l'l:e Cou• t inetrlcta aocuacd. to eatablie!l Ra t'-e c~11ty the ~er ,at~atlo~ ~,its 1nnoce~ca party, boy~n4 reasona:,,le the Jury but that 1 t ia not 1no'.llll1'&nt on the by pointin!! the burden ia on do~'bt -:.:..o "'°J.ilty acenc.r o! :he erime be~ore out aone ot~er peraon to e.'·•• o~ ~he e.oc·.isffl tiaelf in tr~ ~e can~. c=n"eallh eonvict~d. �• �• Ir tl\e j·.u-;· bellwva what-w-e:r for , o la accused, a-ridenc~ fnils to el!Or: &!J1 Motive "by· t;lte di,..,.endant ot the t·-.e"l -;-...e Court telle or a ~o~i~e or i~d~cin• of 1 ta e~esion ■ 4:ro..:ic th" co~iasion tJ:e e,idenoe tl:at t!le Jury cri":n.e O'! 'Whlc..'"' tl'!at t·,.,~ :L'bae-tce oa~sa ~or t~A cr!e~, b.7 defll"n.clant 1u i':l !"eas:onal-1 e d'Jubt, i! or atl.,.Y t~e #act a..Ho-rda a T-,.ea,.;:s,ti,n. o!' r1a innoce-:ce. ~all;;lta!l's Caae, 45 v~. 6?2 • �• ' ..' l • • • • • • • �..• 'I •' 14 • ?.ha Court ~ \·ict1ti. to "tte r&nd fired the wi t.h aw other ff!~ hC1.. i·.:1d.e i:tct?"Uctr of the shot thct cir ott.cra .,...te J:uric-se er e 't} ,-r o~ i;tec ,&.nl al so nret or i. ther. flrim •rs !f s.e,·,ert.: "'t?-e Jul"}' tia,t. u<;cUE44. 'to ni:n, x111,,d Alhert t the tn ■t tl.e Gr!t,;but if of 6t"NlaEi!'...,__t1.:ir. 1!111.t ert Crim :Wl..8k llod J}er~or...s ~oh: in tt• 6 T'UXJ 01 t :fLt&l ahot, otder .-Iih .hi1S C'fT' tllo •ocueed t " Hee Cr~t rd wai, preeent of the r.~£tcr l y t}ie u} oi of one ~ho 8cc tf'ed ia ~a r:n..<.:-h f'".i1lly o•' the ne h•d b!r. • nl:f' fired t.eceeur,.in aoollued hl-.me of tt1l ~on Crri.m ct 1.lt-t-r·, cir t.hote curd er l'lf Albett =•rit 1• i;;o cont.11. a cr1r:e.eacl "Orar:ar·t. 1.f' f"' il ty of tiny C!"ilne\ c t'i?t:Jti tted of the 1 t. lt. net ue ltiw tt.1t o'! ...en L. eat ..ell!! h;,- 11·:,· of the others uor.:n:.onplain or t.s a not-1..r(il or pro ,., lo cor.teq_uence when in ,ruron1-n~ of it. �• • �Jn the ,11n1t• uf the Com111ouwenllb of \'lrJrtniil: T• tJu ,;hfl!ri• , f a ...~11-.1ta.. C'•¥atr. ,.,,-.ti••: \"ou I.In! h,-~- cor11111.1nrld lu !llllJiJlr•ll ti 111n ,s.,, h Ill C,uunlh ~d ~ .\11tl IJ,i~ \ I I 11 Iii (,111111 A..~..{n I , lfy oncl IIK' 1-nrll 1,, ~ Y ~ _ _,t;_4- II, ll'i(', nt Ill n'd,ul' o. r111,fan1 ..11,hfl 111.\CKlll'R,' . 1 !~ 1101 t 11111 llll(f. I •. r1. , "'. :111 I 111 tlif• Iii I JI fl 11illy of $11111. ,\1111h n1 thl·U :uul lhn, ~ r '7 y, l! l <of lh, t rt 11... C~•mmc,111\l Ibo Jhh, L...:J 1111!\Wr1I J "' �., I:' " "" 0 .. "'.. ~.. • "' "'n .. " ..' ••.. "' • ~ ~ ::,- .. .. .. • !'.! • - 0 &' ... .. .. :, • ,, .,. r • ~" • ... • J • .. .. ... • H ... .. .. ... .,, --= M .... ..• .. • ., "' , ' ., ~ 0 • :, ' • ~ �lo ttte Nnm~ or tflt C-0mmon~1•1'1Lhor, itifnl.1.1 Tot 1hc s,q;lf 1, L l.,,•' p f r., tin"' Utt-Jia / 7__, 1 <t1 lfL..c. If ol I r. ..r 'o/,n!, Bl11~ .. I°"~ I ri. nil I ,1 r 14 Grtt!.l•a ,.•• tlw-( .,~...,, ,n al' IIN f_,1.•mn,.• \f f ""''' R, Li<,.,n11nI '?,?Cl! d \\' 11I .!Mil. J. l ..- k••tl,,huh1• 7' "" J!., -.;f in 11 \hd b '"' rill, II 11',\1 1 l. I 1.ntU1 ) I h I usm ff n r • f 1111• ( um, at l Ith l'J✓.-,, ~.,. Llus\\ rit d yof �.13 -· ~ • • - ··/ ~_ ..... ...., �l la 1he Name' of the Curnmon-wc11lth of Virginia: ·ro the ~.-rtff uJ - -:> ~ A-ttddniz:b:zh, ' Cuunr,, • tr1"c11:tin1 • • r ,r F ,ti, wu,,~t•uuht>l1·nfnl u ,'l1111 fl,i~ ~ ,,,. t IJ,~,-,11,J If 'dt. , ...,,. J. P. Bl-If ?//. 111111 - lurlrrl,. ( f ..r , 11'/~"IJ IM1ll 1111f1111111 ""drr ,,,i,,t,1,,Nr,;,;r flt,. ,,,,,,,1/y of .t lfJ(t, K'Jll I .. V, (' . JU f '",., 111,t iu 1f,r I< '" II , tA �•• ....,,., l ,t,,_ • • , ., , �• Ln the Name of 1he Commonwealth of Virginia: r. tbt- SIM-riff ol k6t,ti ....... G.rffh•.-:. ,., .... "· • I r~__,-,"1 l, . . • ~/ .. ,.__.y _;,,_.~,,, • ~ .,,.., Ji.i- •' 1// '" I .,,.. fr 111dr.r Jh, ,.,. ,,,,,., o,,-.,.,. tltu n·n, U",t,~elt,<r, ,/, J,' rlm1oj' Ul,,/('h"fJf.rll,\', ,r;; 7. (J,n,J. 11/""r •r,f,I 1t,;:t,4,.unllNt/r,f!.., a ~~ ltf! -1tf l'fJtt.rl. ill ltlf.l. ,-1~,I l.r,r, H,rn JI,, ('IJltrl /11>((.t1t, riv' ,,, r1•Jflu(~,,,,m,n1,r,o,1JO, f'ltr/,· �.. . •• r .... ... .... --to~• ., ... , • r,~-,.,c (I .:: :, • a: ~.,,. • . ".. ;:t4t-JQ- 0 " ·• • • ... I'/. --- r. . .IJ, / 1~ 2.. ~ p C -'• �'. - In lh4.1Namo of rhc Cominouwealtll of Virginia: To uw ._hffi.U nl N.oct.li:tGb;im lounty, J 111~,ur l,rrd.111 ,.,.,,., ,1111,11/Nf f ~11m 1,11m 1 ~ -t c..<.... .,7l-U• f N,,.-l.., ■ 1h "" ,J~,JruO, '""--- ,,,,,1lhu., '"JI '" l-41",lf /'L_.,, ''-'l"tr-' o JI.. 1 1,, I ut 1J., , •..,...., rn"""•"-.."1}4 ..... u>~ l"'f-itl r ,,t "''" ('1111rJ 1.7 y _,,-~II ' "-L llii,1 ii "il11r•~. ,I P-1) l•• t'w••'Jt ,1),;y, 1l,,11tJ/ ,r,f t:tt.:tli,11t: ,-,,,,, ,1, lf'nt I /1/. 11·1...-nr1:~\~ r /n·J. ,.,. 1•.'(r, ,ti( ('.,""' ,jy n..Z Z.,. ,utd {n ti,, 17 7 ,,,,,,,,,, Iii, 1-'-/./L-~-"L/ 1/ ,ttf.,. "·" r,,mmw11r,.,,1t/, .fi,.____.._,._ ('lrrl.. �• G.,M,v. ·~- f ....1-,,JJ t ,.., ;{ L/~ ... --...... �............. ............ \. In the Na.rue of the Conunonwealth , ol Vi,¢niu: • • :;/,- ..-¼...-.---z._~ M t!:).,,.___.,._,,....,---- cf3,,,,.,, -· - • ~A-<-<-/ ~fol/ l11Lt ,,,.,JIJu-r•· Ll,i-.. IFnl H-1b<1l'-U • •/ ~ I dn'f r1f l• -I "'.,, ..___,....,/ 11/,,,/1 m,t umil u111f,,.,.1l1r Jitllftl/rt of /;' 1'i0 .Jn.d )im•~ . ..._. JJL lf'A lll'J, ,r,..,,,.,.. , .. I t ..:rJ. 11/'""r _,,,; I!'-'!. W,,....n,tl m- /Ju ,., r I- n11n/ 14 7 ,t ti,, rqkrt a.,.,, l],,-JJ~e. iJ" ,,r· V tfv• C,,,,,m nu•,1/ih �.:Z. I, �• ln the N:tme of the Commonweottb ol Virginia: 1·0 lh(! :-,h4:eilf nf f.hw:trw111:1taroCou.1:111.C1~dt111• f",.1,unru11,·, "'"' t11 rr O,i. 1t nl lJ"ittt,.11:!. .f. I" IU -/l'A'f:{l(,l ~•. t l,rl.: ,,f nt1r c,i/,J l'Aalrl, ltl, b,.j ,-,+L+ 1•0 1/t th l"u ,rl "ti JI uu, ,l-a,p /1.r • Clfrrl.;, �'·-·. •• _, • = •-./0. ✓ ,po.-v ~r~ ~ t< }f i~ • kf ti ~1/.A-c..J~ ~i ~ . JI �,._.._. ~v. lo the Name of tbc Commonwealth of Virginia: 1·d 1h-t Sbr-d,U 1)f 81>cldn-.h11m Cuun1)1, Cffl•tingi ,,.,I ti. ,, th ' �•• 1-...,..,..... • ..,,,.., ...__,,,,.,//,;. ,.,~, �• In the Name of the Commonwculth ol Virginia: T,, tl'lfl ~h,rrlU or H<w'kln1l1AmCuun1y, Crceliui:: •• lit lt'J!ifJJ ,111dI.A,, rut/.. lo ~!Irr llf l,,rli,,•lf t•/ ---;,Q--c. -J --"..,~ 1h,,1' ,,,,~ h,;(i.1/rrr, tlti, Hl,t. •T"Un,.u. J, I/ ,l,u, of F, r -,,~-_. ~I~ "•It /JT f('J,.·111 Nii.'. ,;_.,,. ,.~ n . 1n.J r,11,/rr I~ f"l'H 1,/ .,.,_,,,-.,,,, dty l'f•Ul'I, • ,,nrt 1-,il/,,. 1,1 'Y J 11{ £/CHI ,,t 11,~ {\Jurl ,,,,,,.n/tltr ~..... ,fml , lmr, })1,uN. ti,,,. II,( ('<,,,i,,,,mt'rqlf/;,. ....,..,-t:.t ..... ".... ~ ' {:(. • "Lr4.. �• - -· •• l ' a C -..' .., . .. . "' "'"'..... ... , I! •◄ .. .-.... '< (l e:, ti a • -- �• In the Name ol the Commonw('nlth o( Vir',riniu: 1 o liw ~h~rift J"',..,.II } «_b_,,✓ //7 '/-....t..,",. ,,..,.,,..,r 6t/;•r '4 fl,.._,;, 1t' ~~,t__,t_ /''"<-',,. IA H ...... ,,, /0 • /od.,. r1, /11 ••'IHII 111,,u _.. ,v ./.., ...., ,,,.,, , - .. IN • /1>I f/1i1 -U ; / f/i,,.r I, I 11·rfr Ill tr'lfl'fT/l I' I ( d,,. •T 'd \ t41,r1 fll [,I , ~ '-..,('I. V ea ,,., Count)', CrN1ting,: H J11,l1t 11f tit, I , 11 ,,.__ nr1h11i.1.-itham , •I J:r,,.J, J-.11,,,, .. # .,_ ~~ -,1,,.,,,. C,uu,1.s, ot - ., ~ d "'(.---£.<,.~ ,:.,. , ttu LPlo;t ,:,;, .;._/ �oy del1Yer1r-t; •~":ej arr i'°' 1:ellon BreeJeci l.'aure l!ortl• Ml' ■. :.r:.r.11 l'.£.Luo,,o ■ u~arn e!:hir. r.c 111ltoa, tri.u:: thie tho u: ic P..T.Fre;- L\.lt)ier Broil a Ir r•eraon wl'.h II day~! Jee, 11 ~OJ'Y cf the Oc~.I"" Derut, ,l .• -;: ~• ! Dilla:d ,~ ._t1 t ¥ )-. • Il ' . t • J ' Rook!n. "O. ,Ve. • t ~ ,;;., f ~ber!tf ~c~ j ~ • ~\ f ' '"' ~ ! • ii' ,rj �" T(I THE SH81llFFOF ROCl\l~GHA \I l\ll'~TY. \'lll(ilX!.\. .. • .,.,., ,'-~r /Tr ,,,rl,o,J I d A Ill((•/ II' ,¼.:,r.,ftr,,r »w11Uflf,I tT",;,w,, • .61..t1wrr 5"1 ,II /.zh IA, Ber...ard 16th ferry E,Shenk ,,.,ti111N4 , n;;prdr (J,11/,fi,.J1., • ; "',u 10 ,i;..N".u "'"' ,,.,..,,q,,•,~f ~ JV• t,,srr~ ~CJ lfov. P. ✓ E.,,..P.olston l!,i,,J.lleoourh J.r.Rovercomb c.w.nova 5,H.Lelf18 Caler. D.flo17 ;.,, , , i1 /n• .11/i·, •nujl,('11 �T -- • .. • �n'jf'<d,, /d Mn, n-' /tu#,1, I,, r,l(rnd - rt'frd,_,,ffvu_:; h<;tqrr tit, (frnnl _j) -· 11.0.rrr•hf ,u.d prr,,,IJ ,uu/ tlm J,r, ' ,,1. t fftr, I P'- ttJ NrVl::1.11,.tlrnm ( 01Ut{r, ,9-:. A°- I(' lo'I;,~ rtl //fJ r»,uxnl dill j,i41f.J' �,1~1 ' j~ ~<u ~ ~~ . fy> ., ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~ cl j .., ~ ~t.' �• 1n the );°am~ of l~t> C'om1ru111_,.,a..hh Qf ,,r:rlnb: nt 1ltt-1l..i11~h.1u:1 l'•••ltt io Un• ~linllt \'1111 ~ ,-. Kl '7 ~-- ,~~--,.,,..-:--r/ .,(~,. 1A1 -1.. (!/f,a~~. ~...&>.( :,.~ _....,,._ if ~ 1 9;!:_./.-.,.(-....: '<, "',- r ~~_$f f.r...L,._,.., c,-v, eru 1,:ri,, ('1110111 m,kd lo tJ I mum ,n-;~-k~- .Pff.,~v,,..~<-'~y.d& .~~ r??j-s• ,K~I'~ ~U- nrtt,1111t: ~.,,U.'f/ '27/,... ,(- J.----.. ~~- "J.~ f(.,l·"..ti-1.,-:11' 1'?:/~&.1,..~·~. a .....~ ~... ~,. ~t.~:-i.;..f,.-"(". ,ptfL:......,....-/1.k '~1k "See! ~..~ ~-~-h-~f:ci~ .L_'&d '0A ua,.d..G,-.-,_,,r ..f_,, ~ -n;_,..,~ 6 ~ 'A--:,o-"-..d.~E~✓~........,.,.. ,J I•• a111Mci1r b.~f111 111't'J1.11I·,• u£ Hu Lin.-1111C-11111t,i H, rJ,i11,:b.:1m Lonn!~. 111tLi• C,111d 1loi1"-•'•ol 10 u\!ud.; u. 111.nn lh ,G. ./. _.,[' hr-h:.lf (,r tlK" d~ttid:ult .. ,...1 ,~ r/ ,t1y ul 4 J'l t!t.s, fo t,:~lih 1111dflu• lt'ldl, to a11yu, In tht- lJJ'\lW"CUlkihof u ... Commnnw'-alth. r•lAintilt.. .-J.:,Ull'll , ~ pol \Vitne~"-. J. F'. l';r .,..,,- omit u1D"r lhr ,111.:m.lty nf $If.Kt. d 11 nl �I . r. C I n • 9 ,"t Rll'), n ..."'"'t,,. I j ,, ~. I <l. .. ,, " • ;; ~ �• • . .. .. ' .. . .. .. . ·me CommonweaJrh of Virginia. 1:4 /"'- / Tothe~of ~"" . ,? ~...,,.-,_.c/,.,,n,r, 6.-. ,;t: ....,n--. ,.... �I • • .. • • ,._ �... . .....' ,.,. ~-•~ ...... ,..,., 'lne Cornn1onwt;,a_l;th of Vi~~inia 1 Tothe~~ -c,f~ �• •• �' •• • A«e,1 \V11tr.1J11 •• • • These 2.r\' 1he.rcfdn· .. 1nthe mame o( . )f'lllc,<.r<r11) tl,,Comm("n, ..e-.tlth ,1r \'itgini-.10 t.."OmrTIUkl _you ron.lm11ti 10 appn- •~2;;~•;;~0~ plaiiu nnd to bt• fnnbet ,knh '\\ilJ>M°C"Orcfu:11-t 10 13\\, .\nd .~f>unre rcquin'(I 10 su1n• num nlOllwcoll, g.n1 10:11,pe:;ir-nnd give'-'' ldcnoc in he.half~Otll~om Gi.,cu under ms baud Q1\d $C.al 1hk-;f:/ .. "--- ~ I -•". xruHin:11 ioo tO~chi11gt..hcsaid offcnl'4'. • io the: )'C'2rt•JP?' d· ' •---• ....... ~J. P. <seulJ �' �I • JC~ _..t, • ft Virginia, Rockingham • ,. ).,,# z.z.~-<4 a~ "'< L ,~ 7 County, 1 • ~,l_ I,,,..,. t;,...<-<--> - ~ ._;.oo W"'""' W:irr-a.::.t I(,~ ~ ....£,_ COSTS [ M~•• .1, 0-.d~ --- -'P--j17_~~ STATEMllN~OF "- ·Kt.. ,,._TJ,L Pi .\CT LL to-,\'it: I~~ .R~-o Conimon,vealUl vs. ~ 1, .... ~ 1 "'"' ,-- 11,.ill .,,...., . . .... .. 1 rs ~ ~ b \\' "-,,(.~i" "II"•" ~,. ' l= ' l/ . • L ii,l,~l- . ··•- .. fl'Qtl t ) 6 .I:/'•/(,, ~ - - , I IRK()~ ·1 Ill COURT .... ,. .... , ....... ... . WlllL":1111 C' rUllelllo)I l Vlb.•cr ( , t ~ 1r~ ,J{,.[_J~ ,l_ ~ ~ ~ /4, - . .. .L,.f,,_ .. ' /J~ ;-1-- J ,.J .. 1-f 0_, ·,__ -1--- ' 1J43''• - . - -·___ -·-~-·· :__ -- Tr Pl ~-~ame• - · ., _,i;o \ ' r ,.•,,,, ................... \J Tli 0 0 1''lJ1ll 1\tlle• s ~ .:...e<.. - !I - ~ ~\mount ~ $ .,3 s s J_ s ~ ..3 ~ - ·~ 1 bNc.b) certify that the follo,dng 11ddhi1.umlwitnesses ,,ere cxomin<X1(or the ( ·ommonwc:lhh and ,v~rc uHuc:·rialwiltH..:sses J~ ~- f).~~- JI-.. . ~ -- -- --- o.,. -J_ s J "t. Jnt )1..st~- .Am,()Ctftt $ $ $ s .J l hereby ccr1ify that the Jorrgoiog i<:, corr~ct 1c.lk 1.t,J.n _$ __ s ~ s ! fJ? �..•' • '• • • ' • • ' �• • • •• • oA! .u.Jl t for•,.~ • ."' • • .. �• , • •• • • �' • •• • • #'t.oC :- r .,e_ t r :.r.>in.. CJi.:. t,i' • • o..... t.1:ei:- oat he, 01.. d. ·~ 1 t. ! ..w,(j 4 toere n ·• :roJo 1 ,al •• b. w...11 1,;, ;. ro a i. a tb rc:ed. '..I. • ' t d, 1 d fl ... t lJ. ..lou '""""'.• th .- t t t • - 1. :.e •• ,. •• ot d lllll ar r e d • or COL t .cL.J. a al! fro l 0 L.nd On -h l ... " bolow t e --·. -er at 1n t. ~-T ." f r ~ L ta> bv\;•.•.e ~.1.rd f.._1· Oll?...l . J 'bi.o,:. boat on t I» ..,e!t e.c a.a r~aa.,._, Su i th ta, ad _,,,.,bcu.t .Argo4 l er:mni ... 1c1 • 1 tno 1'ro -11. ll - r ♦ .c don •• -ut II. "1: ...&.;, to J.¥ ... t):o d t!-e:-e \'tlth ll 1 .e-id ,J. rl ba; 1 :t.h U, Ill t .... •• -~di ..!'t, td .._bel"t ..,rice. ID 1.:i., .. ~" an 0-"-1 flt 'osado. ..!l 1.1l l '11m, lxl llet or . ,,, I -lA the L .rd .. ~r... hi t, trll!., or r • 11h L • r ..,__ i!-r. .:-.:t 4. -~ ~ • 8 4 t. t ....e ~ l 0 b., t ll tell A • a ...i,r done 4 0 1. , 1., ...;;, 114 • • 1 t o u• 1,_ lit. c ~ea t lOIU lhc . �'. ' • • • • • �• • • tr.. tb ., _ 4 ou w..vi GrL::l:I., IJ:t .... rt .. ,1 tbCT'eti!'tt..r r,;ir.1,1'h1 Cl c,...,4. orothOIJ.g~t, "ti.a.ti litis of did Ui, C~::r.o nt nlth .:.i.ldio~t 11t.c:: !a • 1•1...,.•• ::i. ". •·~c ;i!.11"'4&:r, dtr-1-i flOlUd. OU ✓ 'roy. v.,,doi oe. t l UfJ ),;;...,.VG or Y1r~tn1-- tho tcn,t ...~C",J Jt.u .,ri:edcz: ... ... t,e .,ur7 to ~ l~lll G !tlr~i.J y , r • ~r...- ...a. a .r•.tU d. ~ �f • • w .... j ~< '/.,._41 ",' c+- ............ "" .. ✓ t I (R. I • J• .,.,,_.,,_14 1,/ , ....,,,,..t .. ; .' 'C ./..,, • 0 l. ,, •• = I.., .. ' I• .. ... I "' c l •' ~ t ' ► ~ ' ' . I r • ( ' <, !' .,fr ~ • "' 10,,....,,.__ • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1922 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Bernard Lam Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_008_239 Grimm Lam https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_121-commonwealth-v-benjamin-lee.pdf d07ee9f0a6f5fbd6f4af19e8ce4d9873 PDF Text Text ��.. ' ..' I. The intent j ~r i~ upon are the instructed Com:.:cnweal th. jur • have rnssor:able in · nind of the of his brother, bock P that doubt the 1:),_i.rn°n of I-P, :f'rom the I).,_ ovinr . hole Pvir 1enr>e the af; to WhP-ther a criiiinal accv.se .._ hen :ie to k t.w Di '::3rd Lee, they crim.:.nal inte::t money from s110 ;J.n acq, it thP e•~isted t"1A po!"kP-t nrc sen. �r • �.' ' II. The court instructs to he inr.or~er..t until a 1<'l. ir the the:"e ilt th0 jury he is })roved guilty is u!)on the minds of the tbr-4- the accused, the of' the la not might ment. sufficient to convict, or l1rAponderar:.ce But to war:-,.nt aakes so cl .a:r,1y, ~mc'l the c:!:1 e e7ery reasonable nor is of' evider..ce his beyond it their of his it duty guilt, suf:ficient his guilt to re~ it hov ever i:f the hi~, strong, gre:iter in the inn.ict- must be proved evit-=ience tl1ereof must be so strong, h ,pot11esis innocence. of i is doubt, le su::,_~orts -l:l1e cra:rgP conviction, Accused a reasonable ny rPasonm j TIJ and t· at me:re S'1J.~)icion o: probability is la•.' :9res mes the as to ex- �' . .. I f l. .' . �. . 4 '' •. .. { ... . The co".rt instructs i11g the case, the ·o,1bts, nor '.ust or co jectu:ral. or grow rut out evidence order to or fact~ viction jury the A rea of the ;lP('esr-2.~;-- and not e not such doubts ow:ible doubt it. It It thP- jury of' irncaterial of law, n r~atter to go beyon entertRin an acqui tal. for as ju.nr evidcnr>P. to sustain :rmrr8nt the trust t rn A,fide1:.ce to hunt u:pon the be an arbi tra.!'Y must be SP.rd!ous It must of to :find ar ..d no ,-euse:;1tiA.l PVicle1,ce o·,..J.btwith- substa.rtial a1·~ be a doubt to belitwe up as a:re :Je:r."el:r ~hinPTical be based mu.Rt bot in consider- in a 1,1aterial a ve!'d.ict circu.mstm1cf's. fact of con- �''. '• , ~ ~ T . ' . �I ' ♦ ' • ' t ... . The Jur~· are that the mor:.ey r"'ferre to havP- lJeen in of his her atent, the a.Ed triat Eri.vP1re1Lee by the ly 1 given to in the c· st,:;d· TJna Hr~• LPe, ~ife, to thP :riso11F"r not - ,,,,.- that instructed if they believP in ict.1.1ert, of Ed· ar Lee, ~nd har1 been ;as, entrusted from the Aviclence shown bv t 11P PVir1ence in fact, by hPr the to r;",oney ,im as of thr thP m11.1e as take:1 Sr: t..-.,,....,.(';A....-:i'J prisoner prisoner p-.D'.'s1. ·1t to b.7 s,..irl Una May LPe, .. they find the id �,. ' . .. �. .... t;rni-?~ ~~~n... ~ /tL-C,..,0..,,.-6 .,.__,-v r~~ ~ • ..,I__~__.___ I {If, �• • r Executed, May 13th., 1908, by searching the person of Benjamin E. Lee, brother of the within-named affiant, Edward Lee, and, having found thereon the within-mentioned package of money, the same was taken in possession, and the said Benjamin E. Lee.was committed to jail to be further dealt with according to ~aw. vltJ,,{'d~ E. J. if/I/~ ---------~ ------- ., Garickhoff, Deputy S.R.C. for �l \1 • , •i ~ r .. ·Commonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY: The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and now attending the said Court at its .. ......... .. in and for the bocly of the County of Rockingham, ?.n.? ............... ······· .. ff': tenu, in the yea, 190 .. up01~ their oaths present that. ......................................... ••••••••••••••••••••·•························· .. ·············· ························/J············ <5.~ ------:cc ..-:-:...................... 0 n=-r"c-e::-.- c1ay of. ........................................... , in the year 190 ..... , in the said County, mclf.~f.t.~~ll.-~-~-~..p.c,_t_e_r:, ..t;qr_..t~~- P..~%:~...t. ..of ..t:i:,~~p_t,y..doll.~r.~ ..~~.o.l:J. ..an.d ..o.t'. the of t·1 enty value rr.ent of ten aggregRt.e ···············••-•··············· dollars d lla ...& each value of all e:1ch and nineteen .................................. bank notes for the pay ... ························--···--··········--·--······ ................... ')..... and of the value bqnk not~s of said of' ·tt--n dollars bPing . ~our hundred •·····•r-·••· .... the ee.ch, and ·········•·················-·····-··•······•·········· nine..t.Y....dolla.r.s., ....aecured ....2,nd ...Pay.a.ble ...hy ....and ...up.on....s.a.id ....ban1~.... r.ot.e ....,......... . P.~tng.t.b~n ..~n.d t.hf.;lre. .d.uELand unsat sfied .to the Haid Edward. Lee.,.. f ~~(}~~C>.:U.:~.+..Y. .... 4:l..4..?.:t~a.!,..:t..~K~ .... ~D.c.iG.?T:r'Y...~213.-Y..,, against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth . .•,, of Virginia. . Upon the evidence of ....................................................................................................... . . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. .. .. .. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . .. . .. . . .. .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .-witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the Grand Jury to give evidence. . .................................................................... Clerk. �-i j ~,J Commonwealth .- ~-t ]~ I v,. INDICTMENT. { $.~. ~~ .. ........... . '1 A TRUE BILL . ~' 1 ~ r .-♦ ..... 'c; •· II • i r. ~ *~. i..!. Foreman. ·---,~·~,, ~~ ,, . -,~✓.... f V ' ' I r / ~ f,/_/ ~....r -- ·~ ~ f --:'"v-c:..~~-- ~ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1908 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Lee Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony theft. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Theft Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_005_121 Lee https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_195-commonwealth-v-benjamin-eaton.pdf f8d23b7d293f665ac64c4b0afc75535e PDF Text Text " I o·-.il1t.y •rout •• • • " ....,,.., • N t Jn • co ... ) ~ ., • • • "' t • • erk • ow~i. �- . . �• • • �• -------=------------------------------------- �• ��Cornrnonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKIN011/\1\\. To-wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COUl{T OF SAID COUNTY: - • J..,........_~ e;i. ... 1o111h,. ,n/,.,..::-ot.ay• tt.•1/11.,:_ I..._.U~ d•r .,r )~ . ... . ..... -✓ 'l..-- m tb< ,.,.,,, ,,, ,_.,.._.,f 1/44 1•,.tZi,,"""' rc,i,l('.,,rnt, ..._l4'•"1!._ .,;,;L: ..;., ..~~..c..+-yc(t .,.,,.,I. -1,.,d- t,,.,.:r, t,l,'t /!·'-'-'("~•. J..- . t- ·~ ' ' ir:-_/4 ./ "I ... - g,......,,/7 ·. L..... ,1-1-' ·•,,...,_, .'I /l::U../fta-1A~ ~ · £. , • d,,..,/4 - I. ..,-,.. 1:: :. "', I;-,r-,... ~w,1.."' 1u..t...&.c.•-u"' ..... ~ sl ..-,.£."" ,lhl \.,'A--,L,~ • ...,, .ye ..... t.,t.. .. ... 1-1.... �Common,vealth { //l V..t "I\ if INDICTMENT. • ,t c,.,--,,,..,.,.. ' ,,., • ;};-t,,1J..t_,, tl..<,../4..• • h.;:r A TRUE ?l j • BILL. ! "1-<--rt,..t,e, /·..,-nw,r, •' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Eaton Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor neglect. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Neglect Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_195 Eaton https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_006-commonwealth-v-benjamin-diehl.pdf 9de8acffc66197dc90cc72bf5af3f0df PDF Text Text �' .. �Common wealth of Rockir1gha11.---i T Virginia,} County, . t- . 0="7"1 f ............ day oL ..£!..C ...;;;_4... r.=............... / ~··························--- f&e it ~emembered that on the ..../ .. ............................................. , L) J2,,-l . .v r came before '--:{ .a...-1...-v'--'(.( .:VU. .... ' /'( 1 ..•• • ..•..•. Ii/' ••.• ·•·····················-···L!.1 :9.".~ I ./r.,,,. ....k.... !C..~..LC!:............ '"L...'=-:-:.~.L ...........,. ····(;·./.-..'.. me ................... ,,c:J,..:L...1) ...... of the said county of Rockingham, and severally and respectively acknowledged Commonwealth of Virginia, in manner and form following, that is to say: \ in the sum ..-,,,...... x..,1:........ ..P:...:..-_ .....'~-,-~. \ of............-..L, ..•. "::: ...........~.l.d.A<".'\.L.(.. ' themselves \ ~ .. •-···~··-··• to be indebted to the • j., I ' the said .....~ ...~.~.0t:-:1,:......0~.:'::'.,-, ....L.".,'·-··· \. .. ~.j._. .. -.\:- .. !.................................... . 1 ........................... - ,/ ~.!-.cr···f--- ~ \ /~ J,-.L--6...-:, .... 1...-<. .. ( .......... -· ···-······· ... L.-1, ..... ~ ~...L~,,.J........t:.''-....U.... ~ ····•••·········· .....•. Dollars, 1 good aJd lawful money of the U:ited States, and the said ........rc..- .. ... -- c; in the sum of........{!..-. ..... 'k/-.u.LL1.L-;..,V, ..- ..... .,I \.. ~ ··········•·········~········-""'··1... liability to the Commonwealth . .. .:"" . ................. . Dollars of like good and lawful money, to be .. ......•...•..... respectively made and levied of their several goods and chattels, the benefit of their Homestead Exemption .. lands and tenements, and they severally waived as to this obligation, and also waived any claim or right to discharge any arising under this recognizance with coupons detached from the bonds of this State, ✓. of Virginia if the said ..........L~-···-"'-·-,,:r_···'c!..:'..A,.:_ .... to the use of the Commonwealth ....... ' ./-':£! ........ ~.J..... ..!.-···--r················- shall make default in the performance of the conditions underwritten. The condition of the above recognizance 1h is such that if the above bound .....f ..;;L-t..A--1.- -· 0,.,r- .. J 1J .' 1/rt··~'U- ( t ········································-·•·•··························································do and shall personally appear before the County Court of Rockingham ~ . J-. J t..?'..Z,,..J.d.tlay of the /] :--u£ t ' \..) ·-·- 1.-=:...................... Term next thereof, being the ......../Y ·-····-·day of 1 /J...:l.dr..: ...... :....!': ..... ~..- ...1-. ~ aZ:: ~at the Court.house thereof, and then and there answer a bill ~f indictment on the ....... I !...~.~ ..~ ........... s.~ to be preferred to the Grand Jury in and for said County against him the said ..... ti '--f . ( ................................................................................. or a ........·-"·····-· .1:..,:,............................................................................................ by him committed, unlawfully ········-•·/., ....... • ::....... ·- ~ ~ / .. ~-r l ..(...,-(, r ✓ (/ ········· I ~ ......... ____v ____ ...._ .. ____.. Y_-:---...... l --······· ..···•········ ~ and feloniously ........... :1..A.LLL.,.-···f······'···! ...Ci--:'.'::t'.¼......... '-"......==···········::·.··-·:·-··,_;_········k·~"'l':-_!_,__i_ ..... CY.y.L·L4.....·'...··~- I --- for -··~-··~····- ····-···-··· .•••• ••••••••.• j I L ....., ; < ) - _ ...~·················-··········· ........... ·····-·~ .... ) ~ •• -..J. .. .L. ,t'., ····-· _____ • ~· , ---- ✓ J .7_. .... f::.'................. , .. ______ ./_, ······•r·~·~···•······ ..•... , •.......... -; I I... . ..,.- .... --..•.•.••• •.- ••. >-'-"'-.( ................ - ................ . /J ,!, - ~ .......................................................................... ·-···------------ ,I>- whereof the said .............................. ,-....i,....~ .......... .. ...k,_. '• \ .,<. .. k.~ ...... v0 ...... t···rx········-•·i...,L,-:................... stands charged, and shall not depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall be void and of no effect, otherwise to remain in full force and virtue. Taken and acknowledged before me, the day and year first above written. ��6J]M/m ~~ @ ! _,.,t.-=----1-- ~~ /j-~ \ r ' �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Diehl Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony assault and felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Assault Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_006 Diehl https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_031-commonwealth-v-benjamin-adkins.pdf 69ad0f93be1eb33641107f13ea75f36f PDF Text Text ~>--z,-w- /4.fr' /4~~ tf3 ~ r/~4 ~~ ,Y" ' (R-,d- {(AA,- ~,{_ icry~ ~ ~ fL,l-e e,er-,,..u,JL ~..,L ,3 ?· I 'i ,,;,4'{'~ ~~ (I/~ ~.:__ !} ~~L,- ���r .... ' • ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Adkins Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor carrying of concealed weapon. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Carrying of Concealed Weapon Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_031 Adkins Lam https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_040-commonwealth-v-benjamin-adkins.pdf d8bfa69c9ec34c84ee55792e5c4bc1a8 PDF Text Text Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated. tN f 1 o. Hurst & Company, City, Va. l Pulaski Indictment. 35. 0 ' ::T:~;~~~................... , [Code, §§3989, 3999, 4000, 4011, 4045; Hurst's Guide & Manual, pp. 537 (3), 540-5, 546, 617-18.] TO-Tlil': IN J'HE COD'.N"TYCO[/RF O.F SAID COD'}ll1Y: 17zejurors of tlte Commonwealtllof Firgi1Zia,in and for the body of tlze Cou77t!J of . A-...· .. _.-~....... ~. ..... ./ 1 ~ . .............. ~~ . and aou, attending Ike said Court at its term, i1ztlzeyear 1 upon tlzeir oatlzspresent tlzat . . .. . .. , j'tJ'3, ~ against tlzepeacea!Zddig77ityof tlze Cr.,mmonwealtlz of rirgillia. Upontlzeez-idenceof .............................. . ... . witness... sworn in open Court a!7dsellt to tlze Grand Jury to give evidence. .......... ........................ ....... , Clerk. ��"has served out half of his term of imprisonment for which he was sentenced; prison rules for the two years next preceding the date of the expiratil that he has kept the of o:ne-half of his term," "as shown by the prison records," and it further appearing that the said ...........?:~···········~""L Y.., N o..'!i.(~:-:/..½ ... is a fit person to receive a parole, and having furnished satisfactory assurance that ............ will have employment as soon as ....~.is discharged on parole; now, therefore, We, the Board of Directors of the Penitentiary of the State of Virginia, in pursua:oce of author- ity vested in us by act of Assembly, approved :M:arch 7, 1904, do parole the said ........ ~~<- .Y., -·························•························•················································•·····················•···········, N o.~.L'i: . during the remainder of..~ term of sentence, upon th0 following conditions-viz: / That. ...~.shall the Superintendent ............................................................................................................................ . proceed at once to the pla'? of this Penitentiary and promptly . send m to ~. a report of...~ .............arrival, with the fact endorsed thereon by ................. £ ... shall at all times during employer; and that .. peaceable, industrious, L of.................. employment this parole conduct..~lf as an honest, sober, and law-abiding citizen, subject at all times to the conditions and provisions con- tained in section 4 of the said act, approved :M:arch 7, 1904, which reads as follows: "When a convict is paroled on conditions to be observed and performed by him, and such conditions are violated, he shall, upon complaint being made before a justice of the peace or any other officer authorized by law to issue warrants of arrest, be forthwith apprehended and brought before the Circuit Court of the city of Richmond, or any Circuit or Corporation Court in whose jurisdiction he violated said conditions, and the said court shall investigate the charges, and if the said person is found guilty of violating the conditions of his parole be shall be returned to the penitentiary, there to serve out the unexpired term of his sentence; and in computing the time of his confinement the time during the pendency of any appeal from the trial court in which he was sentenced for the original offence and the time between the conditional parole and his subsequent arrest shall not be taken to be [){l·····o···.1..·································· Clerk. I thoroughly understand the !erms of this muarolc, Witness, and agTee to perform all its.conditions . ... 0.<~ ..~ ..~~····· ~~ ~T C r.... ... -..... N.1.< .... a ..~..... 22~..c.~~ l \90o Date......................U ...................................................................... . u ...... ,No.J?.~/. ..~•····r.··· �r • ,.. J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Benjamin Adkins Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_003_040 Adkins Davis https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_093-commonwealth-v-ashly-larson.pdf 8f9618edb767d368018001ea93df7c23 PDF Text Text /W vs. Received of the Clerk of the Circuit . Court of Rockin~ ham Cozuity, the original papers in the above ccise. 11111 ...~ ·························-••-•-,i;---·-····!!1!1···· ····~····11111 ····11111 ···· 1111 ····· ��r News•REGIBTER, / HARRISONBURG, VA. COMllIO::-lWEALTH ARREST WARRANT. OF VIRGINIA, } Ro~=~~::.c~t:1!:if TO-WIT: ........... , a Constable o.f said County: .....of the said county, has this day made These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and bring before me, or some other Jnstice of the said ~aunty, to answer the said complaint, the body of the said dealt with according ~~ _°rl-.~t7·'-'-··· ..222~£~ .J:~ I and to be farther I~ <. .. t,.,-.,, .. ~ r-. ~ .. , d'vl( ~.,,...e.{; my hand and seal this to law. you forthwith .:::'..S. ...'.':::l- And you are required ..· /J.. day ~ c;;:.{,>., oLk.~~ to summon J ........ .. a.-1~. f. on the examination to apprehend ~4 ..... -4..:<-:- = ..... .................. ..~.h!.£~(--C:_ to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, Given under to command ........ ,.{~: ..:.<.................. . touching the said offence. .................. ,in the year . ....J.. P. 190 ........... . [SEAL.] �Commonwealt!t Constable of Rockingham County. I ��,,. • ��� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Ashly Larson Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor abusive language. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Abusive Language Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_004_093 Larson Marshall https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_081-commonwealth-v-ashby-shifflett.pdf 780bd76f66c93c11c5e7ed369bab13b4 PDF Text Text vs. Received of the Clerk of the Circu,it Court of Rockin!f ham Cou,nty, the original papers in the ctbove case. ��I. ARREST N!:WS-REGISTER, HARRISONBURG, VA. WARRANT. ' ===========-=======-==:...._=---======-====--------COMMONWEALTH ------------- OF VIRGINIA,} TO-WIT: ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, , "~~:,L --------·--------------------,a Constable __..-/.C ...;~. ···c········of the said connty, 'To________________________ .. WHEREAS, compla'i:.d ........ .... fr~ infmmation o~ oath hefo.e me,.//:f:/~···········a _/4 .......... ·~··--·-~~ of the said county, of said Count_;,: has this day made Justice of the said county, that ----··------------·-···-··········---··--····················-··-----···--·-- on the ...... _.................... day of.. .....Jn.-~···---············-··--··--------·--·-··r90.?-e .. , in the said county, did ~~~~~?&~ These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth and h,i ng befo.e m c, o, som c oth e. Justice to answer the said complaint, to appear and give evidence Given under of Virginia, of the said County, to law. /(t,_ /· And you are required on the examination my hanrl and seal· this._ . .J...ff,,. -··--··day of.. ___ ~·------·--- ============================ you forthwith the body of the sa i<l and to be farther dealt with according in behalf of the Commonwealth, to command touching to apprehend .dz:..$/4 • to summon the said offence. ····-·--------·-··---··, in the year 190'-e-··· ··•----·---····-··-·····-·-----_j)~~1,_i_J/4._._ .._._.J.P. _ 1 I J_ I ____ [SEAL.] ========== �---· Com 111onll'ealtl, l'S. Arrest } Warrant. ~,~, Execn!Pd by ((l'l'esting bodu JHstice mHi mul de/i,l'e1·ing the of-~lJ,1)/_~_ bef'ore1/ r, tl1e zrit/1 i 11 ,rmTmd by .(f't.&--t---t-_1 __,,,~-~ of Hocking//11111, Uonnt!I szimmoning' n111ned 11•ih1ess1'S in the /l'iihin person, this �Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated. lN ( 1 °·35. [Code, J Hurst & Company, Indictment. §~3989, 3999, 4000, 4m1. 4045; Hurst's Guide & Manual, ! Pulaski pp. 537 (3), 540-5. 546, 617-18.] agaiast tlzepeaceand digllity of tile Ccmmontcealtlzof Ti)~qinia. of.j,e,...~ Jfuk,/ ~ Upon tlze ecidence ~~.,!k.~~··~~ ~ ,. ,, ~, ~ . witness.. SWOl'll ill open t'ourt and sellt to tlze Grand Jury to give evidence. ·····•··············· ············' Clerk. City, Va. �Li \u. :;;,. qon1 n, o 11."Y {v.al tl\ n. { d/lNOICTMENT FOg A ~41 -- -- --· A TRUE BILL. _l')J~ ;, f,'()/'f'lllll/1. .... ~ l .... � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Ashby Shifflett Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_004_081 Gooden Shifflett https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_100-commonwealth-v-arthur-roach.pdf 9ad3e1642a89a3eeb8d244c69046b8c1 PDF Text Text ..iA.____ (;_,____ __ __.f:_/$_, ..k ..1-P ..~--~~··· ....__ ...... ��r • STATE OF VIRGINIA, COUNTY OF To THE ROCKINGHAM, SHERIFF OR ANY and information THE SAID COUNTY: on oath before me, WM. J. POI.N"TS, a .Iustice of the Peace of the said county, that , 190 (' , in said county, did of the said county, on the These are therefore OF ------of the saicl county, has this day made Whereas complaint TO-WIT: CONSTABLE in the name of the Commonwealth of Yirginia, to command you fortlrn·ith to apprehend and bring before me or some other Justice the body of the said to answer the said complaint and to be further dealt with according to la,,·. Given under my hand and seal this _,J �', ♦ found ··········----·-·············· it is adjudged ..... .. . .. . . ......... guilty .. upon the testimony .................. as charged . on oath of in the abO\·e warrant, .~1/c I /~1t!~ ..~Jb ~ ~.,.,l-tf'•· that~ and .~ ~/4~~.~.,d.,~?I~~ ~r ~f4_ ~.{~~~~~,?76~~ ...... ····~ Jff~p ~~-~~ r::t ~ J ~ ~ ~ -~ .._,, ,i:;; I . . ?I/ . L\ I_,; • ""' ~. "ti/ . ..J,. ~ \o . ~ "" i~e i~ l ~ ~ l ?;i~~ ~ ~ r~<t ~ • )~ ~- 1 �r • �' ♦ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Arthur Roach Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor breaking the peace. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Breach of the peace Breaking the Peace Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_004_100 Chesapeake Western Railway Roach https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_007_214-commonwealth-v-arthur-monger-et-al-.pdf 7164a8cae82b37a3c45d5233c594a129 PDF Text Text - l - Il 'rhe court llijCTl 11 no. ---- l.natruota the 1111Ilil ot •113 1er1nn 1n Virginia 4e roe. ea mardor with lli IJ'llll'der in tho part of the vrLaoner; rated Bflri ,ua bo4lly deet ter1 rov cation ti inJU17, t bl ml1oo 111.d t .o p•-ta,nor nr.4 thn k1'11Dg rro~itatod oot on tho uat bllvo 11111aa doll.be- ho 11<>ul4k.lll tl,a tile onooas r1 rnealt oth&r rnur6,r 1a i,;nrder :.enel1111htf>• out r.:1,-,110• Al'llborato Lahod ot ao :o •eoo 11ed or do hi. hi.oil .,:,ald J,e ,a w lo ;J.e 41od • or fr .Al de r~o 111 ,_,,,,,t tnat ti.rot t 18t te to 8'11, l,e and 1ren0Jitatod a,\4 111 41atln., 4e roe nnd IIIIU'dr lri tile aec•!ld t, thn kllllnt, ll!lYe btlcn o w1ltul, la tho wuawful l'l'trd~r 1!11!11centorethouaht In tho ttrot llllllt hnV been 1noltol mot Jl.lr1 \!lilt Bl! l.n the 11' ment1t t .o tu la•flll or lr.mlleS, or l.T, motual llOOOnd de -rec. kl ll lJ1t, ot n J flr&Cln •1th- upcth • awldcu, beet, o~:nbet. I!:, v~lllJl- on r"neonnble �- �' • 2 - • ns .JCTI'il JO. ---- lhc Court hrt :or lnatruote tl:o Juf. tl:At t11 o nat1tute a wllt\11, dellberatu, ar.4 )JTem41tutll4 i< l~~ lt la not noonuuar.7 thllt tr.o lntentlo,, to Jc! 11 nhoul4 o J<iat 11111 p0rtlaular 18"1 t.i or ti-:111 rr10::- t~ ,,,.,, autuJal ,:illW• tt ta OA11 -r ti. t ano uteutt011 &Mald.'oom& lnt> Clltl t~nce f4r the tl1-at t~t tho t1.cia ot ~11Jlnl, or en1 time rrttrtou.el7. �• •• • �' �noCIHIJf""----• c.:ano, "97 Ta., Ir.STUF.C1'lo:J 11'.l•.___ 7.e. _ 'rba Lourt 1rurtruoto tho J11r:, thrt tll011 • tl:o bolJn110 troai l. UJ.ton .or.11107ti.row a r;io ):" roe " at obt. 11,1.ar &nd atrw, ,llil 1n tho al , :,et lf t fcrt .er 1,911CIYO that aald ~or t -811retltt4 to II po!Lt of feq,~t to Illa hlll ~ t:iolt a pilJtal t "'"tr3 M4 rotnrnm t J'I o: 14 l!Ut • nala7 cll4 fntelq shot r.111whnn ru,14 :eunl / wa, t<Qkin.; ,,, etto t to eaaanlt or lnJaro 111114..ion nr tllel! ho JllJ'I ehould f'1n4 an 14 n.or 1111Iltp ,., --• 1• ar :anala11t;htor oordl.n;; •• ti.., e111denoo thnt (Sue .JIAor'a crJJ;i. .ow, .4. ) �' �C:B'nu!CTIXI :Jl •.___ "-0 ). _ ':tA Cou,·t 1natru,ite thO J r'/,. that II roauor bl11 40111,t ln ooob n 4olll>t aa llVl)'I•• ho11oatl 111, · r, nn1mnbl t1,tarto1MQ aa to o::io ou.betnnt1al a,14 Ollto;-1•1 · ot c,., •eni.U.l to provo tha tt1onno obDr.,..S. J. reoo~nable doubt ""Jt be l'4COI ,q,on tbo OY'U®oo or bo GO lltl 10 1111~0"11 bJ tho OT 14or.oe, 0%' fflO er.it Of tbt evltm:oe itoelt, ol" o~t or tt.o woil(_of ovltter,ae, • It E:IU!t nl)t IMi:erll1tT1lrJ doubt. lt ""'6t be o~r1011a n,A 1111b11tantinl 1n ortar to "arr, ot an ac ,;ulttal. lt IJllot bo • 4oult or t rlol t at or "r,oto noo 11ur1 for tl111 Jill".!' to b•llovt to flml • ,-ordiot or o nf'lotton, an4 n~t or 1!lll\Vlter1ol n,,4 11011-01u1intilll o I rcn"T1Dto1,cao. �' •• • 1 �:ulS1l10Ctla:I ID, ____ ~ Cout 1n3tructn that lit tl,e, bell v h:in tho e;T1fanoo r.ollt, Wa;,er •lloloal.J> ollot _,,. tllle<I t1lton ""le;,, •h1Jo he 11D■ nt wor or •hon Ill! na tltll:1J>t;no atto~it to &ll!UID.lt .,.14 toncer ·•r hin uo,ill, tl,~n the Ju>7 111,01&14 t.ln.d tr." oooua.4 pitti of mu-4or, avon thOU6h t..e Jur1 bell vo tro~ th,, ov14enoo _, tiaat Cl.11"411t:Mal•;; land pre•towily ahot •l.d 1:)n; or or UIC>t at tllat " _ Jeoao n or. �' • , •. \ • • • • �.. \ -' - • m~cZJW Ro Cou1 t 1natro.ote the Ju17 tllllt 1f 1:1,e:rllell~e frtr.1 •" I eMo tlmt ...:111:011 llanalct:, do no 11a1ault upon • obt. :.:m;,-.r until ""la :Ion,,.er 11::-n 1110 t,iatol b'o hla 411'111 •~ eta-:-+ t:noall'4 111114Heru,le1 in a thl'eatnnlllt, att1tu-lo, auall •• to e1n al& P e1e1 roa110r.i1bla roun4 t~ llellnyo thl>t cn1!1 tmtnr Lnt,,nt' t 1m:.11ill11t•l:r lnfJ.lcrt ~pc .. a1out £ .. la; ~r hi, ~r., ea , or Ml'lOUII N>41'-7 l\llr'.:l, t •l?Jl tt.o l'Oi I '.o!1 lton I.OtJ>le:, )I.ad th~ rl..;.t.t ln 4et 11a<1or blz:loelt or hta o:>n t tlll-011ruclal at 1>1>.ld or th;n.;h;(' tile J1117 belieTa 111114 nnaloJ' 414 t on t:.row at 8814 n._&J.·, lt ~as U.o 4ut:, or 1,'J 14 or t110n to mvo rot1'ttt<'4 •• .hr ao i. Nr•.17 o:> 1a nn4 I 1w all• to ao ~ wt I.Jlat.•114, t on n ,<Jt.a114 1e1.11eee-~lol i.en11lc,v, Jur, elmUlcl fl.n4 the ea .. llt;, or ur4er or alaa;;hter .,. coal' "11'"'" rr3JtA:r tro:. t >u av1 • oe anll lll.l>truot1"1l •o. 1. ' tte ( II). ----- �t tf t~1.c-"~~ , .. ~ ~ ~ • ' " �••■ to • obol'"t l(OJlPr, for Jllll"der. Charge. If you find Robert you eh&ll aey eo a?Jd Monger not guilty no ?!!Ore. If you t1ll4 him guilty ehell of mnrder 1n the first eey so en• tben aooerte1n fineaieot 1n the pen1tent1ery hi• Jf feloties the you find bu• guilty ecortsu, lf you find but gullcy then eroertein by both so thct in not be lees than eh~ll ~htaon years. him n t guilty or •oluntery hia runi-nt t'.M't sue"' confine•nt r.i•s h1a •UD1Bhmsnt by confinement •o tlu;.t euoh oon!Jneoent nor mo~e thane or by con. or 1'Urder 1n tbe second degree you ray so end then eacertein the penitentiary fiM puniebm&r.t bf death you for!!!!_. If you find him guilty ·shall degree of the u0t be lose etoreeeid :,ua shell a.nale~te'T b7 con>inemect 1tb6ll hi;. of ei <hr 1n e~y so and :he i,enttenti&r, than one no-r &Ore tl:er. !1•4 not cuil Q' ot any of t!ie ef,r•n•id o~ in•olunter7 hie -uniahlllent •nelaughtcr by folo- you el:811 sey ao end 1no or by eonfinement such 11ne be no• leas so tban five dollars. 1n Jail or �!..'l\lrder • commonwealth v, charge ~obert uongor. • • I . �•• _ ~ ~ourt l.1.a 't':o lctrt!""'-2cta ~~ :~- t t • o l • ~o + 1, ·• tt..a:-, 1 <t;n.e;- bo:- l.e Ca ...ea.:ed re e!-~! t! •..i .. fA.J., ,.,,'- I • ,.~ • v,, '! ..-.. TA. S· 'J< ...._u ,-· "'atal _ , t 11• oco o , :..d.G"T rot1s...,_ :tl1 a l"re,_2_ei~ .. -frc ~ ! _•.ec.1cnte♦ ~ .t :we:.11ff"-4l ~.........uaMona lk,.....c~ ..._Alt.ie---d•e•e.~e--di, ' ~4A, -◄. e"E ~ r. l!lipe:a.:,.•d. i.,.:n:::;..r- I ~~ at tc a ti~ fll...Zt - ttc: st.:~n.sed o:: Uo bim eo ·• n prth< <lcceae•~ onrr;vicg tts t a.cou.sod ., belie,• sppra • o• even thouch ~-u.J~ l'ro t " t • c,t4onot .:0.1 .. t 1 .atr .....:te fln. OL..d f.Jreea tto ct aco1..eef Ll ,.....1,lotlu • .. _ Jf .. • Cfl~ \Jt l:: v:et. ,. ;e:J:i· •.,~. _ l Va. -,., btiat t_Bt lf !Ur.' not 1rl;...,1ni.; aa1.W.. bl 1uYt f "" t that t • da waa a art •= find w-, llr ~rrnsonsblt ui~ , no'lo. .Joy tbo " ll I:1'>?~ .. 'hs:r::i. !C..i... 1fSC 'lleo t •a p11•po I Lito exooll t ion, 1 ...t7~ ~ bodily ':I ........' ton t ot " ■ ricu .... e~ ..:,=L .•te ca'\l "tc '•1ll aceo. ad G7s1 • t.l 1. l": 6 r· t~nt t ~4 1-~ i ~1.l.ty' lt t.,rr.ed ::i...t re&!; �• • ,. .._.,..,.,., l Pl • • i\ .J4.., -. ' .. • • ' .. • • •• • • • •I• • �'i'ho tho T'C llCl!);tJQ n i ; i re .1 .., -..e:!.. a.:,; ro m.,i:,l " 1 • ". • ellqY A W""c--'11' to ~ t e f1•0 'l"r <. ., e: tlto, ,. . • ,, , od. • 'hi ·a i dl (I ,und • ' • tl;e;r C ~ I •c, t .. e • -· .. ..r lSt ro1to1J&t 1.or. I l:lii.v1 GtH' ' e l 0 t • r ., t. , ev to ............ t.1•1~ • ,, " 1 i.,. ~.e o~ "° <113 OJ!Wed 1 0 m. •• ' 'e ~ ce • .., t • t • 'n e 'To t " ~1 1 r • 118 0 11, l1e · ir ni th01,;t 1JJC O I ti 0 , lJ>I "" .,. 1Tl or I tf, e • 'irfl 111e.1, b,: ,:on bl. • o~d e,.n...~o. 111 tcr. t I' e n~:, aaa,,,.lt ~l :au de be· ie mer I nut l"Ul! to a that Jur;, nro Ii l 1.,p-. • • b'l i t • �• �~'~~~ • ,s f j - - Lf ~;:L~{I~ �I • ~ ' �j Cell be had. vlotlo~ d1 .rte or orirta-. t • erl e"lC ,ca .ee4, , -... atil.l, 1. li -ru !l!l,1:ldin.dn,,.l llb\'iD5 dttlT zo?:.sidtraa. after ~e ull u0nsult: 1tl::m .. ~ u .:ettSOtui?)lt it t,J;cuaoa is ~il,;s fo,:.at us tt' "" uie d:ity 01 c,U!~ c! th■ ldU1n ""c.b1r oi ~c• Jury, at' tue 1vitlunc1 1~ rallow ~, ~h• ;. oe~e• Ju:roro, o att,.,. it .. v111a cast, i&!ld eaoc.l,:l ea-:e:-telc _ 1. t.t.t guilt ' a o-f ~ • u.ac.Jeeti., -~ot to ac.rre:r_de:r nto o·,,-n..10:rn.etione eimJ!lY oaceu.sfJ t,_e oulrw.::e of TA• ~JHI !:\I; t, 11,..,1 - jur.1 enterto.in �• • • • • • • L �. • , • ~. tr!tua, tl!a 'fr•& ~tiot1 slTnJ"S :U.11, '1.. • a~o eaj in :::'1!.";0!' cnffieia~t t~ o"t" tnT is ,a~i~l•d ir::lo~ence, ~'U::7. i.t.at t:11 1 the b•L~t!• tc ir!l!.o- ~n. ~U• sc!:U-1 in £is _f th e~~b:~:.. ~~~c~. ';l.l"1c1cal !cpl_ cu11s- is I~ 1s tntre- b r•llt :tO'?'t, •i~ par~y 1wo-::.r,1-ns";rJc~• 1·o~ed. Iei , or rropcr.dtr!l. lee..: !~ GtDcra::e ':.C•= e. r;ar• t ovidanci; ...w.l belief 1,,rep0 .. d1 aD:JI ts su"'tio1u:. of :;a of •'""~.... enoa nc-:- 6!1.> ro:- tr.e !>U!"l'Oae, _,.io+ ":O t~e exolvsion er all �• • • • .. • • • �1 ft.• oaae tta :a~ ra~a_a every p-•ea.m;t1o !t be;cna ct lad is L~ faocr r~aeon.etl■ ever7 tia~erla.l f~ct eo .stttu.te be afit ~...r- -::t:..a.t 1D iil.a 1 eiubt upon n.:- t e crlmo. -.aioh 8.-c~~. 1...::order t~~ = sta seonre eatablishta to JO Tiet h.tt. to co-etitutt ~h• crL'll9 !:!llB.t be ~a. Jury entertain dou·ot, 1 ~1• fe.ot, i-t .:a thf rris~ncr. of 1.m.locenoe; ~r is a;duee4 doubt, .ec,asary i;:-ovtd beyond a reasoi:abla l"e"18ocable the ~v p:-,r...z::~~io~ sga! st t~• tL&t proen._-;,t!on unc!lx''Foot hie gai~t tl:B ir:..!tr.l:J;ta :}o.~t 11'. tl:e !l.ll:)' or ele::e, t, ll.aoesr ..a.ry to ju.rye Cat'"' to give tha ,Prieo.1.,er of s11cil dcil.Cit aJ:1 acqult i11!1'. �r 1 , , • • .. .. 1 • • • • • • • I L_ �:-_ .. ~O!l.rt c.1ruw:::atan.cae c! nepieion. ot. proot c! guilt, ~ilty ablG doubt to ~h• actual of his eeeo, t.~ ,.,.d tut u.r.l.&es ~be !set o ttu-t er 1USt:?':ICt.9 ti.a -=s'":ts.=h.:w grsv• tho a-ottsod -~a gull~ exz:~eic~ i, -ioo1r.c1 001.1eie-:;ant ~ 't 96 Ye.. 798. _:!' ~ st~c. co t:11st bG ::'.ou.:.d ~ot 1- ~:-o,en beyoed o! eyery rea8o-a the tact that pro"-•~. •~'=7r1asor.le ~notkoa1e Eenderson' e �• •• • �~• :rect oaa1r ~lnl. to tte circumsto., tial euol: evldtnce eviaer.ce witi. Cour~ instr .. ote th• oo. viction Jur;; of the aco.,sed th,;t ,vcere ""Y ia uapo:tder.t on it le tLa duty of tt,1 Jur~ to aot upon ti1c uti:o&t oaution. �r 1 - .l • oua 0 ~· • --- --- - �• Tl:e jury n:.a, oelieYe he the 1rtd1aee art inetruotod tl at !l.&t ,-.en ~~OUS" they .7•1:,• ~c ... ,:- tJ:.l"It roe,- Cltudo Ht1,sley, yat sa15 llenol1y had at o Tighi to ai:oot nt eaLd thureb::, placed in 1=1nont w le cJ tr dang,r of 4aatb or aorious bodily • oou!d not extrlca:e llan:: h!.J::Etlt' by :-etr&.ati::.g. rom �' • • • L �• t c"'u.:-: L ..struc'Cs ni, lieve fior, deiend tu i=i~•nt, th•, in d1fu1d1ng •~•~ ea...-i--~•• !'rlsor,er, tit ood11y har an i structo4 lt!!llBol.f b;v e!lo o_ kill!r and even thoug1 ••r• d•c•i-•1.-e !;, tl • tima ~• cl,ot ~e WU in ill- tl.at t.ar:: e.t t • ha.r.da of Ui 1ton and t .et i,:, • a flctriotm to t~e crlent Claude U1nsle;v, tte bodily Claa.t:• Hanel•)'. r.1.tcsell' to avoid :l'luole that t:.nd•= ~•es<r"....abl•belie! -1,.,,;;e:r or soriou~ am-117 ,- 8arjt evide, c•, •z:.sl•7. a~t•d 1.!iltcD ,iunent t4a 'the Ja=:- tee.,: i~ 'f..te1 be- t)lst , er Yae :usti- t • priao l!ilton J1ll"Yenould tl;.a:~ tl:.•.r• waa L •Leley er sait J:,1l11v1 ti:at ••ct of sal<t Til'O ,r-vt., or aitt.11" of ti.am, to kill or -:o: 0 ~ Bt:"1C!l.8 .s.r=. to was •t>.artctly ':'714LrJ t1.e part odil·• a..i.:t .osns as were ree.so11&bl7 .,,ceasa!v the •e«osa..r:- fol· .no 11 Si~ th• ap;;.L. pr1.eo,..,r, �I • • I I • • • • • • • �~-• jury a'l"• furl er 1llnt~uot•4 tbr;t 1n orde-:: to aot1rm1ce tho n101n~it7 of tbo pr1eonor klllin 1a1to llonnlef, .,:i !!111■1•:, 11nd ,lai:.Ut ne<', ,dln 1mn11r agUnat Eou l.17, tbo prieo,.er t,,1.. wbioh •~1 • c, 41.eolCMA ilLo wld J,;!.lton oona14orat1 or t!tbtr ""7 t reata tTid•~••• n 9A7 ba4 ot tbt , k:14 asai 117 tl:t to~ tlu ti,• te tak• uto Ju:-1 na:; bell•"• a,..,,1.,- aorlolllll:, t\, and Claa: I lilllal•:r, rt l!.111, tbt pr1aoner, pr1ecr,r, Aa1d IDlton bat a r1ii-.t or ,! ~h.tr of illtll!., lf any an 111%, ttt tto a.id togetbtr ,n-;;: 1howr. b:, tile ~odily iu.m. �I • • • • L • • �The Court !~stl'llcto t=estu:od with osnF,er, must deter"1ine t •~ as tote siu-round1 a 1-!: t ao't f\-o. I rea(!,onabl• ~r d __ or. .ot be hald ••'""'"8ibl1 t 0 tual LacoEeity a.. all;! tho jury that c,er., ~~•n fro the et ate of th.!.. , of rtBort1 o o t r. r a ta se:i'-da!on:De Ci.; ..--1c-t.:!o::z.s.t lat.a.b ae to ...e~ will ~ ~ ex- ��/. '!'l;.a oou%'t L,eir they ~as 0•lieve t'ra~ tte eviderJo t o::-•by jumttfi•d ablj L !irin t: o ~id ao fire as to ?'et1s0Mbl;it :::ror.: t pcovocation t • 11.ccuucd: tar at tau\ o:t killir.g repal tl:rowing that nco,ustd :t1s eg1d £enDlG1 • or e<11a .1 Wt<Sjustified find aley; 1:1"' not guilty. J••"•l.to, ·er, .a-r. tl • !ioauaae a.al upon tJ.e bel:!1v1a, w~ in to rapol and, if tl:oy turtle::- fica....s!ey, & htlVOtet 1r.- 011t wit h• bad th• right !lbOUt to bl.row ln lcillin~ it, or. a~cu. •~ ~ U0::!.401 e decet1-ta1d, llilton \'l!l8 ••=•• ~h Cl.au.de Een.ola:, f'lrad t, 1.f to :-oo'ka at th~ aJo.isad, ctlton or 1 :t t o aoouaod roaoon- rc:ie•r: Jesse tLat e.iu Clllllde ~ 11':!.tba pintol, c..d t I ap •~ran~•s lt.anae of Clauuo ll1nsley, ussunlt, Slh,h o a.:- Tt i..n cit J••••'oneor wsa not to t o ac{111sed tl at 01.au e nor sley tt.oc med, w.dor the olrow::ata,:caa, t., upon o!J, •o !tra t. Jooe• ~o..:igar. •itneut ltpon Jv•a• iiio er, J.naicate to oo !lt:U• even t.uoueh ~t 1ca:.,y. 'tht 1ntter bir: ~o tavc so ~irao, bolieved ten41t tat , t· re'l'I"'recto at ..,)au.ci• J/l'0\"ocat1o ru.d, c,.ts t • !'U?'3'"t btlieve iLtort'1red. rt~aone.bl· .. beli by ,.:,e-d ._.t 11.1.m.tnon th• ~:l.1.ton l!enal1y, aJld ttoy �• • • • • • • •..- - - �' " •• • • lJltl !'l<UC'?lU 'Ihe \JOurt inatruota 11 ar,7 pE"•oro oooaeion Mter1al to ~o .. "~ oath ~1lfully -tt&~ tha •••ar oll tlli 'I&· lro . Jury _i_ th4t 1n 'lirg1n1A it 1a J>•rJu'1'7 1• ) awl'ul l 7 a"-...!"1•t•:-e<I O'\ ar.y taJ1ely on ouch oocaaion, tou~htng •.ny �• • �' • •• ' • I f:!Tl1t: ;? IO • ".o __ •. Tho ~o:.u-t ill(ltrJ""tn A:r.o- .. ~.. 4' ~4"'•• '"' ae:a c t•4tit'1e t"u J1.u.")" til11t 1 in the ✓__ i1 tliey ~tuie of Co1 of the pr1~on1an• wee m.111.te!'it'1 • An,, t:"".e ...ourt -~th"l" ir.etJ: lO'tt! th~ jury thnt thei d~sr-.. ,,,,. �• • �lh1J cou.rt at a 'R!l 41ct. fa.lltB iru,,tructs !.!: tlua case, t orediGU1t C~ test 1~ c co u,,, c' te t th cs t.e .1 JI-V c t·c lit•~ •':el. b_as. ta.tell! U:e acle Ju4ces o! tm ~.e rtneeaoa am o! t?-..u it. O CV' Jur elll,.io;nohi~ 1t ~ cr.oo, i .•.:. Jin.a ttu oe a nc.+>d, el ;ht. to oe 1,;en 1! to •. ave wi:,, t,<, r rio th ,ti t l v nl; " :.c.-~ea .r1 il.t in d.eter- 1.n:,11 t .o but 1n ardvinS a::-o e CL o t t.: tno 3,1r;. thnt. rosult to t"' !.e eh:•. ~heir of tr.o uaee, 1,..-~iea ln\'Olvod, tle1r or •• rlr,g on t e trl!<l, or o o&.w-:: en t c a-r.,;;r.~neoand tbe r c'3o!leblenosa fool to n.r'" ,cn,,.bleneao to 1vo or ,t; 6H,.,, ~Lr credit �• • • • l4 • • l • • • • .. • • • • l .,.. • • • • �J;_ ro .. ':' 1c •our-t tn1t 'be coiP1c:.~d Ptrju:-,J. o' :,e:Ju.ry. or.; sr.,1 in •1 :.ta,r ccue conTin :e tt.o th• u !ur7 t 'f'a.l ••. one •tt-e1a ~ho J •":Y t'r.c t b•rore ~he :-111•!~y b• eotr,'tJished .CJtt :>:- ":.:, ~--•• t11ti -1, :a :ctJ c,r one th• ••!gb! ~ ,!1 t or -th.f'I J .J ry . by :Olle tiietir:.o~.y en.1 oorr1:t"ta•at1~.g U·•., 'ttn':.1 u •• aci:~1vd. A.l; •o•4 or circu::ietftncee, !. ut or e ~e t.T'C t, ~e wti:1eo11es oic::.met"nceo. o: t,. •.- .-,-1,,~ i;e c-.&tt l:le The r .. autre::•~ t. ho•o'"•r, •~cit. •• t.o a tat.er: ttt w110 iwo wt tr.•:1■ 111, Of' or app1lte o~;y :o pr~or or or.y 411Y•P\ ~ tl· ...tj Aa!'.&ea,J ol J e,ge4 ~o ~. cl l Q>th•r t11 t, =at.,.riol tee •lt~••n t~e at. t~t!::.t ":e:,•:).n! :1ia,~:-.a:~,1 • doutt •~d co~r,l"Orat1ng fsl 1t t:, or eit"ier or the n 1c-.11e,J .::us or n•ce1'n11r,1 to be pro·,1n t• P'"rJ·.1..ted. :.a e:st:abl t•h 0-:1 •J t11e11, 111 e,J.,.rt--1~,.,,t. t!" 'beJ 1•'!•1! 't-y �- -------- l • l; [ �• Z.e Court l.r.str'iote e.e.2us44 i:o 'cc. lzu:oo•ct tile jcry 'be)9Qc:. all , r....!.~'!r pon U,o do~bt of ~;-,o f:Uilt of •he au.aeod, Ris gu1:t ent w1..1t his 1nntruor~a.e. boatT&r etro!'lg, ~~ t~, tr;ater 11 1.he lnlf rreewt. a tte r•a■cn- u::t i'! he 1-s 9roT•n able '1;11bt, ,u.4 It • Jira ie a.c~u1 t hilc. tbat tn~a ~r tl,e !nry • o •"" l.l&:e~ it ,..nvroau, beir natle d~t:;- to !a cot to be inter rc:1 be:caLtGa t~ e ~e ...ta .Loro su.er1c1on or pr<>bl'l.billty ot SQ..,i_ iOlfnt tc o~r.viot =or ii oi' L!..a gui~t. lt s~;tiolent, wolgllt or rr1pond6r.u:ee or eTldenoe aa ••~ta c::ar ·• In tbo ir,dlot11;ont, but to ,zar:-r,:1t ci::;..atb• rroven so olen.rly tnat ~-vvlotion. t~•ra 1e no reaso=sble cl: ,_q ca.. ~ lJ:Docer.t. i.t.: ~ 1 allt tbaoey oona!e- �'I • • • ' . • • t • ·~ 'to t~ ., • •• 6 t ••n•~om-: ' . Ol ~61;no:,io-;. : L l -... •I . .. - ... e_ ._,f;\ 1 t • lit: .. ~ ,..... Mil t4 .. J ., • ·; ."". 1 1n• .;. . ~" 1!17 ' ""' • t• "·' �• l'he Court lr.a'trw,te tl.e jury tl:at bo:!'ore tba ao0used ovor:;, roa&M!s.blo dollllt • !lt ti.a nocue d 0:1 t ,., trla .. of Robert tf.oDc5er. re rarrvd to i::i t ...e ::or. tr s.b.ot !.:1lton B.en1loy, o:r thl-o..tr.g e he.toi,et at thor boll~v• mnterlal :fa.Isa. ' that •l _. ct. : •• •ald .swo.1.·,1: c.1-at.,. t:..a t ~• IJ.il"tor. ll•Leley •.< c id ~obt!'t l.o tee r...~ldstnt•~•nt to the defense 91:.t • Rober"'; was in t1'e ,.ot or, e.no tte;:- maet t:..r- ,ae 7'illfuUy t en b1i.,g mado 1n ti.at roaae, and was caee, e.nd wes �b ..t-.'-"!:u 1T~-::i 111 Jfu: 'D!l..ai gt "1t ,'(""".1..U.~-.. '!c ........... t-t110oJ1'to ..a.1-.t •1t .1 l: ~ :rua ....., •,Pl i-.u ~0- •:,:. ro .O@etrrOJrJoJ...1:J.!.,! '.1 • .,. ,ull'Ulil l'lodoli T , 1 I O ■ .•.IJi..a ~l..13 o~ 1" 1 r1dotA1d • aa.t,,o..,, •• .HI aa~ t,;. o.ci :.•.t e,.. • b•.t:-!vm.;o aa' 1 • h ~ • a ...:.. .oa ... �T~e Cour:.- infttruc:.e :.a r,o b,._.,on~ th• no: t~!"\.atn tne J ctr:, ae a. ::.atL~r er l~w thk• rcv1Ae.11ce to ht rs~c.~ C-0Ybl11 aa hr,. ,r,.l-' i,onkhl e do1,1.c. t PUMt l: e tae("-1 1.tpon be an »r1Jttrary t~ a li•y.- d.0~1 :.. of :.o find ~an•~'~~l douht II ,,1't.l1:>u:. n-.ate !al a v~rf!tct cir~J..~~tknc•"· tun doub:11, ~l :l~,.rlcal ""-l"' •viderr),., t~,1d.-ucc !"act or r,u:te o' conviot-!on 00:- ar~ or cor~,.,~~&.!. or on -.., n·11'1~-&1n it.. n~cet!leary for tli~ 1t '_,., •r.e., are tr.,.,J to ~--Area- abet"nt-e 01' mu.rt. b,., ·.;r,, tn c.,e• a.m.: nnt, :J.t 1.:w.i.1i&.ter-ik1 w.n<::non- �• .. .. •• • 1 �• • ' I'"'!Tf\ 'C-'l'llli T:!.,. Cmn·. 7·11 ~h" r:1c-rer-1r-;. ........ adYHl1f'ftcr lJ1 t.r1tl.a 1 !.:... he ..l-ur-y 1)•C11 tJ 1,,eiy t:eltevc Jo 6 t:""uL't.f • -,.i.D ~f' t.ftf".'I\. a.1dlnS", ~, } ccnaa--.·tf'l& LC"11:\16 ,..,.tio, t.hc,, t.'1~ nat4 1 ~ • !:-·cr:1 tt1.r..('.~ttM~'-llnC, l~tenda t,,. .:-i:laa �• ' • • ' \. �• ,· ' '. tr- U· e:b.oc~ing of Clo.udo r.ind 1f ll e;; teltc:vu ah ~r.:g:, rmd abt:Lt.ln£ t,·c-. lr 'ftnaole,r, the• llald Lhcy m 1• c:cm:il:icr :'\ll Un!i. u.Ct..fl and C'lll!Iovl.Jlll!•nce t.f\3!. l 1u1 accuted o,,,ri hf" 1P 11,ll!.S crlm.t:, fn Lhlf , I , •-sac ca.ec. • �, I; I �• ;r("~o • und ~-·t 1,1cr.· l.c thr, Ml cc. t~ <- shcct.tnr./)la lt~ er lr an, cu ,.._~er ~f~rc• L:: ,:, 'lty t ,a,r.d 11, e atd er c~n- ~· "ie :- ntsh~eri.t., �• i· • • �• .. • 'I I''31~f'I1CI tor n pa!"el'! t. ear.ctc r ar.d r i r--u:. ~h , .... ap re .. • l e-vlJtn •e }!£Er re m(jlng ·r,C: r-r. £1 ve 9 1,e tr!al, re •11t. ~~ •r.Jch 111 eases ure u:::·t e o.a c:i al y ,.ort. ~· 0: CJ ...._,. cf ;r c1f ~· .l.ltL., 11.n tc ,.. !Cr I l ~l;. f , �• • �• c:.H:H!r, ·ho ..1,1r,:tntfJ 1.iU:.1.cr i:.:.e j 1c CO"' i~or ~e 1: lntnlllccnr.e, t.Uld ~t.elr- mean hi,. ft.lj/.A1W • .,~ ...1-cn ~ , } ..., h -- ~r:es...oe!i,' 7 r.::r ...t oi •l•?fs-es ln!Orlla a ~~ A.:£.., I.a "th t.n' ltl11d to, '"'t '✓ tdj • 1N·; er l ..1.Uon hlr '";eir ln·o.r rn.! t r, und r ..1.Jl • .e .. J l'CU::: • ~ r,r. '"t, 11 <:J·Adt t �• C. • t\ ... ... -- • �'• - C: IZO'r.'IP!! al tl:. o t :ount; _.1rgU ia. of oclrini;l1 r,, to--1t: T>.e ~11rore of tru, comon,08ltr. ot bod- Co1U1·- t!tP ot l'oo'.'-1.'>sha<, ..:ourt- of f"l!!f.16. 00•1 1:v. tliot1cr o! •aid - ,ourt, tc--ri it• co nty ,.ovember - t1noing :!'ram tl:e reoori!e !rom d•;t 1<> •• y, ccncluaion on~ - lrth from tl:e sth ey o~ of tho ..,,1!1 !'Obert oL,er ~pee-,~ tt-e e~1.-i 1 cb'"'rt f s,,1 • ~ 01. ourt, t Ju;t ne t<f< re•• l~, 11tt t· en 14 c1..-,e121t :ow:t, !or o felon;,, 0:nel=-,1. ea mOre •ri•l t}e 881d 11.oyo! ~¢P.%!'ber.l917. 8na ~~at u en -•e t,o t1"td e for of ciwty. .,A lo kbu,~. b:- •• t l.,:re eittin~ En 16 Jesse ni! on t•Ohflf i theTet. i11l;r norn II A!or••' felon;: s a -1tr.e, ea tner.. ecern~•r coi,ite ::ourt oJ'Ol:ea,;id, 1rcnit 1D T~• ongpr :,, o' •te til on~,.,. for 1n l!!lid eonrt ~el~ l\l the Cl ud11 ·. of ll81d o ":'Ht, a::...I on '11 1nd1ctmftnt OT" for tho -1:.e '1ro'.lit ~o!f • rs ,1917. •. r • , .- or th!' fol..,n:1ctta ee-a ult ~pe•r• flllly tri11l n~ n ,: at•end1':!; on• :tob~t"t i:on; e1· was tried , :!rg:!r.1 , ill en 2.~roh te1· ,l'.11~. t itR CcUTt, o' sa1 u,e or 1li1 n d:e ev1 on,e •~ ehool~ c;1vo ur••n t·,e nd. lerk r1£1 aald •rial 1 ruth. t-J:.e tiaid low to le:r'k of eeid rui:1L1et r the ~ourt t~on o•tl; A ii r.d tl.,,re tnd thht h vlug ui:-.n tlo aott,,,rily •ri by l o'! tl.o ~elo1r7 st°0l"'f\'n£1d 1t. the,.n e 4. tl:ore bfloflne t•e ~ teri, wh'1t .• Milton Fobe~ t ..:ongeT eJ;o t hJ • tJ:e e,.1 wae killed at t~,e tiir11 cf tl.o on 6--a.r, 111d obe1.·t. 80 e: om as c 1n the 1 Lo en'l_' ire ~aunty toucb1,ig., that thereu 1tnea . ~ii., "-llt T, to- 11, WbS •0 • _1: ton aersul1 tH 1ng 'flhen -~~ •l:o llty. by r a ••14 !lb.id J eae :t:onc,_erI being Ld th.-r •J;,,m •!O:rei,, 1,1, felGnionaly u.tertal 1 torePaid on tl", R neli=,y , on t a said d will L t tL• Cully, a 1d trial, e.-er, '" lfely, .Kilton Eenal y �• • • • • • • • • • t • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • �' -2-- • 1'B8 in th" .,h•o ho, aot tt f tt.r""1ng eai :!Obert t tls.., 8!11 ~obert ha~oh•• e· c.t ,n4 k1lle4 •·o,.~er. 1n 1ru"'" nd in f6crt, ..:11ion 1tensle7; ~:herece, 1:eneleY w•B n.t ir. tl:o so{ of t rowing ..... onger t1h&n. he, the s 1. 1 . tl.e •~14 : . t'o efl1d J.tiltc•r a h&ctcrat et ~ ~ er. bert tt,e said a k1lle4 ec.o• .:on&er ti.:'l., f'Obert tte n6')r di , tr.en .ta.n4 J;.h,;1~. a-~r.. t:.e st.a y;tllf',111;, jury ei,,inet th1e l':e.13 i.risl. ,wear t;.e .eaae !el "lJ, :!n tte o d !elcr1ously e.rd di;:rity r.er.t before ~,..1a,,r.cu1• • • oo 1t •Ul~J. .,t the ~ull',J;1onw~~l•h o inniot11111nt l• !ound en t,o witr..oe fl:9 sworn 1.r1':1.u.rt. an i:.os:ntf .u.f..-r £&1 • 'e:loni testimoni per- ,1rgir.1a. o! ______ t. ~ urund Jury ual7 to ...ive _ �- • • • • • • • • • • • • �- I I ' • �.. .. '5 .. 0 • >' "' ~ . "ts ,_, ~ r, • • . ~. c! ••' •i :' . ( "' .... ~) . :' ':; .. ., .. . " ~ ~ 'it ~ ,► .. 0 • "' - .. .. •.. ... .. "" .:i I< ''l/ 0 ~ "s, :t ~ ,+ • Ii, • C "~.. ii .. u . .... ... .""' �, ..:----------------------~--------------------- - ... comomres.l t. o ! Virginia, ::ll·mt-7 (Jf - oki.n&t-. ... --•it: •ourt of In th~ Cirol.it The jurors aid C<>llllt;: of the Co11111<>1"<6 1 •;, or 'lirtr1n1 of the County ct Poold.J> ba , •nd n w attendir.g bod .P.:Sc- N'"', tJ -ton •1ro ~ clict1o ' Rom o i fr lD =4 ~ou.rt, !'elon;,. •t'!- one nobert 1t, •e n,ore tull; on. ·:o.nge1· rs.a tr1"d :!or tLe 1'elcni a e.ec • it1 cor.clu ton on t • ltt. •ri 1 o"" U:e 13;a:!d:-abert ·onaer arr••r•d t •1 fobert & Oircuit t • • e1t•1,.g giT but t);e truth, b7 law to th& beu .... D:'tltrl wh n tle Ii'clbert eti~e t~o ,aid 0 ilr. d. n er, rial, e-w,,ar fal..,l., •~urt n.e, !oreeeld of •he lcu~c, :"ilt a a ..-1t1 t!I tn tro County tore•~t4, c. Uiltor. Hensley wt in tr.e cot •n n DEll> e6.id ae of trial lhe:e ru,(I 9'28 dO!llg tt1l1on !ierelel", by tle tlt Mid "i{I '1-.et tl':-•re.u!'on tl--.e 8b.1d emorn « •t•rt on tl:e it thP Ee1d :. s touchille tu l,;ilton e.nd hGvt1 g autbol'• Er,4 there •alon::, h t (''"' e 1d tte ~lola truth 111:d tt• he sr.vuJ.d ev14•nce tl·• lhtt 881d oath; ·• ,n er ehot hilt, t t e: •:1 be1r. or t~o tnd ir 16 ~onnty, be th~ •,,,,th, e id tor f'l'r,. c.n the • 14 te~i, ~or Rn4 or behel nd · he,· , in •fore,.,,1d, 0 e11nt>!re e,a,. Pobert o '118!? kill • triol dC'1Di£teT ttn ! u1un tee 1 tl• id Robert ''•ng,r t • said nd that 1"'~0n,y a!cr t1-11 ~1 ntea s u en .he ea14 tr1 l ehould not••ing ity u 011 tl:e . re.neley, sou:t, dDy Of .aoember.l,l?, r • tl.f'n Court •foree o! s•id e ct'.:Clbor w:til ouge.r tor ~ on nn ir.1<11atment for 8 •• in eaio. "ourt ·:ong<t f t se a l 5 ... on one ...L ~r m tho reoord~ ar,poore E·t 1.t.e Jo.r:1 - ,1.,a" •, ...oun~-). t.eld et the ,1917, •- . Ii 1 1nr. •1tbill ea1d .:0111111, ,nd f •• l i, ~ount7 b7 :1ro.,tt trA 11.icuit IR c 1 eccLile.l',1 .. 17. ,t 11e ~ovomber tr Court, e•id dt>y .o• Gtl t,1-,- oa.rt 1t n.1 fol' tl'.,, t 1 a ll!>rcb. i.,n: ,l lB, ~o-o.rt of a 1i, co~n•1, t~ , in 1h~, id.. i:, teloniou~l::, l lllltter, t thro~ln, •a.wit, b r.d i".ttre. on "nd w1ll1'Ull7 •b£t natohAlt ,t tJ:e ea14 t~ ""id • �·-a-- ...' •• • • • . • • • • • l • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • �• •• • obert ili. on.;,1r •h•n ~t.e P614 J. r.~, tn, 1•eid ;!Obert, l'onger. 11•0n ~au l•,: hBtch<t at tr.o .,,1~ Pobert shot rd kill,4 hi , tte aaid then Count1 !'oloniou, felontouel;; o:r the eom..::.itwill_ in t.' e • ct ~d ~ , . :.:11tar tr.erft, atd i~ ~! throri:.e; Longer r.hen h~. tte :es&e "!f,na; r did, :!or( Sid. her,, e, in tr~th " e not J. ,:11 ton c.,nel•y t"h& 1101~ ehot and killad eaid Eensl•;-: pEr"m.7 op1n a ,abort ~onger. wl'.e:r•b:i- the a aid u, c11.t}.e sa1d tri l:V and w111 fully, t, l _. in 11 e a, e, r feleely. und t 't'\..e ff'l ·e enil 11'i&nity OOl!.IIIOll-real+fl. o: 7irsir.1a. ~~is 1n.Uotme~t is fomtd on tho testieony witl,flt1ees eT1denoe. sworn in Court u:na re t boiore tl of ______ Grcr.a l'fll7 ·o 61"• _ �• ---- • • • • • • • • • • • - ·• �• • T • • ---- I T• J �·.:t...rot:'er!::!,l)lt... !'erju.r., 1r. CB.Sf - ~U-1!. • V • Ytl .II -:•or uss-e.ult 011 .~lau(l~ iern,11'!1.)' ' ~ oomi.:onnj>alth ve. D1dtotn:'J1.I, l!O B. Jesee ;.:onger r D A P. -• !'!!'!.OUY. ~tr::: P.I!';!•• !ft.(.~:.?!':-.~.-.~. ,i\:lretr.en. f i, .us.r:r; ?J. stri c.kl~r cua two .1 t.h • t~ At ioJ·r,e1. �•o,,,,.,.,.,..&lt of ~1rg1nie, =allllt. o! ROO 1ntha::;, e 01ro11t Int ,. e,cid oount,. PRES !IT, Uot the Cou:rt, one Robert fort~~ from 4e, cor.clus1on on t e ltth of t•~ !>te rad t· e e&i ~ oberl t'e Circuit give J.:cnger 61ld :ourt thor1ty trut,.,, 1 b•c mo msteri wltnn t,.e ho 1'1'B t ;eee.e ~on 6 ,·r, trial, :ruJ..l;i-, 9,:oar 814 ;,. u.l.tor ss1d ~obert n 11'e fl" the !ele•l1, lienel on;;er 1 -· id ;eaas f d ~~=q, the whole nod then and 1'e al::Ouli truth an nd ti:.ere h'-ving e:u- •nd that 1:1 , t.r.e .,,id o.r !le uforeeald id Clo12de, touoh1n :l.te u-.on l>t• tr1e.1 id it then and there one ; . V.1llon He, eley wee doing ehot vounty until t -.:;,an tl:• ~i!ence llforee !olony 1 aJ'orceaid, aot uen t. , • n • 1 8'11d oid., th, n Lr.d. there, matter, 1 tl:rortna tobert t,..,en14 reuror. tu ,n •nd 1'ill- feloni011el7 "r,,itAri•l 1n tbe J,::.1lton F.et:elo7, sse .. ~lt, b;• d tbn t th b1:•irg e.w eworn -.e Iii w1tres8, 11' ti< 1..• in a t;• tr.et aeid oath; ~t 1onior .. t \ e ti, killed Robert !Jongor, t~.o esl! o r'n'lcj1•0 t~.~ e,,id trial 4111 eworn b, ea1d ·ou:rt, tht J.:onger fr ae 4 on bebt.l'! ror t~e tHt1~ Oourt then id Robert Md nd t11ere, l oforeeeid, b:r law to ecw-1ni1tnr or tr.P 81lid i!obert a wit .eas t~n 1'&8 . aenelo;, or ~ecc,,,ber day at1auli1 b& tt.e ·-rutr., unon t e saiO •rtnl r::oth:ll'lgb t n. ■ fglon;r, tee, t:el n:, e1',>re fer ea14, for ll!'~n t e tr1 aitt!:ng th~r• ,,...,r aid court in u,e &th from court the fore f aeld c~urt, or :;Jeooelber.1~17, de)' ••14 Robert o::g9r in o rl'\V, ct of the se1~ Circuit on one Cl uaF neeaUlt ·u:r1e- the held on en iniiot..,nt r:peare tr~m tbe reoorde cont1nlilll6 triel ••• tried ~elontoue 1'nll7 id :aunt:,, no "1th.in on, ~.tt.cne.s, lu~e ·oneor 'L IR 'll'.'ll~ in Colll't, et 1t1 Wovembor term,1917, by tl:e ,1rou1t tl:e trP.Ji "'eR,l,ne, or 'l'ocember,1917, 11~ ro 6&1d 0ount7, in nouse of eP.1d cow,ty r,ore :.m-o at its /Jou•t of said to-wit, , in and !er on the 6th ~"1 Circuit diction •om,:,on,;ee.l.th of Virgini Col:llt,Y of Rt-okin,:;hal!l, and now a_ttondir. body of the at 1!111dcounty: of tte 'i"l;a ~urore court of Coa.rt ""'•"tt: !0-..-1-, & 'hllt batc~.!!'t l!cnc....,r, shot t.nd tl:Et t the �• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • �~ill•d t e e•id hiQ, in feet-, tte t' ~ said at tte Joese felonionRly foro a 1-l, com:tit ~1o1a ln41~tment evidence. W"lffi !'1 ...tll<•l nd in tr.er t ct of tr_row- ronger 1'hen ne, the e1<1d ?Obert nd r·l ll t'l.lly. perjury ·hereby upon t 0·.e eai d trial, n anol. there, eloniouflly of 1~ •ruth toe 1S8id J. J.:11ton Hensley; him, lLOngcr did, n1 y .;f t".e :o.aDOnNalth °"'itnee.eea Robert 1aid sl,ot ond killed in tr.e County ant •h•reae, RE-id Z. 11Uton P.enol"'7 w e not 1ng " h!>tohet •:anger, Uer.ale,: J, Uilton •gs.inst t:,a =e•1· fal oly, f"&ca a:i:d atg. '1rg1n1a. :-• fotUlll on tt.e 1n ,:;owrt and cent betona tes'inOllJ' t~ ar _____ Cra.nd ;nry ·o _ ive �• • • • • • • • • • • �·r • • , • 'I' • Ii • �, I • -. •• • .. - ;:-, " 0,:"' ." . _,." • ., . I<' 0 .. ~ .. ~ .. "II\\ •• .• ,:l ~ 1';j • t,. :I"\ "' .,,:~ . ~. ..:...1 ~\f .. .., .. - .. :!'I ... •• ;., .... <, I: ., ., . CJ 0 ~ ...... ii:f i •O ... ,.".. ~5"' .. - ';l i:, .. .. ll.. ,, 0 " '1l " e 0 ... l: 0 • •· • ;:. .... " ""1 =.!1 ~ C {) t-' ... 0"' ~ ,._; .«. ...' ..... 1-'l. g~ ~H~ .. .. ~ " •-t �I • - - •• Co•JllOn oaltl: of Virginie, ,un+; of Roc1<ingJ,e , To-wit· • In th• Circuit court cf said Ooun•J: altt tl.o bOd7 of the Circuit dict1on of aaid ouAe. of esid court, '"our-t. one obart to-1rt1, tto fr •rp•ars fully ongor tr!!L8 t1 !eler.ioua trom t>.11 r~oorda tT1al id the "8.1d :obert by U• or ..,.e U14 trut~, -• • "1ll~d oc~r. on t'·• Mid t' tbenen1 mron tha tho Ffli 2ober1 c~ tbe 1n '°''"1d "'ount:1, 1nC, 1n ' tart. than end b7 said no ahoi..ld , the.t t'k,~ eTi.ienee tt.e 'n':ole ei.a •ruth eatd os tt,: u;on telor~ 11'14 that 1'1'.at or.e '. ::1lton aid U·.ere ,, . "ilton lien, l•!'. a eanJ t h;- the said nd -tl..at t'-t,!re-up.t11t e: sa14 a dt~ss ln tc• Cour,t:y eroronrdd, -• • 1rs tl:.e ect vn.:;er ;vr.en he, ~ .nel :; ,r&s d 1Jlg l1im, the ee1d of the erore the trial 11-toroec:14 1!: ...hen a ,..terinl Rt Arttur bav ing 11u- 1u, 8'ff'Ol'L ta t'..e ea1d •• J:ilton £•n•l u,Oll tho then ard there on t..,e en~C. ...1.au~r.. -r1eJ, ud tut its ourt 0 ·oni,-er shot • t t ~ tilUI ooo- de7 of 1l<'Ot>ber un•il t~ere. fuly .e said o en'luire Arthur ,L!onter, being o oaid. ,rial as o. "t:11.ncse j'or ar.d on behalf .r:'"1!..r .,.or the cber't •ihe& tt.o ra11 .-·obert ?-..b•r~ £th ~1~ouit esi"l f,;.r a "• on ti shouJ d bft the t:r ·th, to ad inieter bocamo .aat•r1e1 """ court, npc-:: t r ...Ti.al a!or~l!&i g1-,,e u, on tl:e aa14 trial tr.or1ty of tllid •ourt. at tt• an,,... r for the ~010111 aforesa1A obert the- "'ire 11..- C1Jurt ,,.,,. r,.e-eid. nott, 1r.g but the Pe Jor1a- ~lllude d~v of •~oe,ber,1·17, l.:ont,;nr lnl'I me t.bera 11i~ing or. ore froi:, tte ...l'~ax@d ln -oeid court on rr ee1n l"'t t~~ en ot t'e held ifl4 on an indict•nt asaault tinu11'1g t:r ·m da:, ·o de;·, oonolueion ~11;.dge -~ount,Y by tion."'.~r.ur-a"'. the nnd ~i~lin at 1te noveo,J;,er ter~,1917, T U' ll '1l•r· re!\ ~ei- ,1918, ·oui-t 1n and for ~a14 connty, r in Qld ar.d n , at tor:1ing &ti, ooun+;;. , t 1te:.: of ••14 Court • Circ~1t at' Coun11 of llockin•' o! Vlrglnls, 1d, 1 then End • rre. tel onioual:y l'.'l>t r, ILd "111- tc-w1t, thnt or • tbe eal d :!!Obo~t, "onc:er, a ot �•• .., • • 't • • • • • • ♦ tt • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 t • • • • • • • • • • • • • �--2-- ar.a kill d hi , ~te eRid 1. ~ilton :.n t e said ct, 6t a hstohet ger, eiiid t'te e· 0 I er.4 'rtll•<I rHur ·o 6 4 of tl:o cou:r.,on•·•alti' v.-it:r:.s •• evidence • t 1•, id, oomn;it ~ .ie Rebert ~anteT :t did, "!ount.7 f:°tcr "elor,:iausls l on Zea.el ~ na ; • e os~ t R~neley; wbare •• in truth tb tl,er, n""!: in r~n ~e. t~o t.a1d -obeTt ton- •nd there, 11]~11 ,.er•ury cd "hero by the '-'l n t· • ea1 a triu, 111!"'.ill.17, n-e&r Sfl.intt tl» in ~61 ...e ... and 1 ri~e crtl td nit-, or Virginia. indiotmcr.t is fotmd on t'-.e teetir.:oi,: r.wo!'Il 1!" cou.rt.: &rJd se.r.1. before• .,; of ti..r wing en 1d ,, . ·111ton !ieri ley; e1oni'":J.&l;- r-4 t e ~rer.d O! ______ _ �• ' • • • • • • • • • • • • • �l ..•• ' -- �., • .. • ,, ~a ".. ... ,.. ,. ,,. .. ..... -....... ., ., C, -,: ~ I ii :-· Cl Cl .,._ ti 0 -a, -, . • ' .. . :,~ t' •• . § • :~ . "' .N'\ f: . "' 0 •-~ ~. O• lil. ."'. .• • .. .. ... ,.. . .., ~ "~ ► <1 '1 :,.. ... ., ';,; ." ~ ◄ .... ... " J! f,., .. ~,., ' ~·• !~ "' ,,. ~~~ ., . " ... " " .., rt 1:/ ·, ..... Q ... .. fl "• J . "' • 0 ~ •t:> ."> ,-, C • " .... !i.o .. C ~·•... 9 ,~c •11 U ....,:(;b �I • •• - - ' of Virginia, common,,..alth In the Ci ouit Pourt '""e Juror• of tl:e co,...,n•e&lth body of the county tlv•t thft Oircu1t d1ction court county: of said of ?.oo~insb""'• on the 6th 4,,y court 1 0 st it• "eoamher,1917, for th felonious 11ov•,nber t, n,1917, t'roo: day to day, oonolusion triel oath~ in the Oiroult v1<'lnoe truth, .. ~e killed riel con- its "'or ti" he should up, n ihe e&id trial truth felO-"J' to enf!Uir~ what,. ~Ye •nd nothing nd that fonn an4 that th.ereuron 1 t:, by trial of the 1 • •» , e:nd \h essult 614 Arthur a1~. tb~n rnd there, in tho 1:ounty 11forosfl1d, feloniouely but the 1ruth, uoon the J.!ilton Hensle, tl:e u-pon t l8 trial be:,1na euthori &i:d tr.eN et the t1i::e o• tte efor-.s•id, 1tonser, ,•lackburn. J, sittir.g th~ whole •o l'loorn &~ a -ttr.eP•, , • he 1&14 then er.4 ti.ere t~e ~aid oath; -OJl&"'J' bee•rne m,,tArial Rebert oou_ t, tl:e law to h4miniator eal • ~ob1tr ae more ·• .E•n~ley, duly swo~n by Clerk ot •~id eoQl"t theJ tt:e said ~ircait from the 6t~. d y o! December until Court e~or said, that ahOul.d be ttJi • a•. the 12th .,.1~ virnuit atoreer14, ,uris- the held at d&Y of Deo~IOber,1917. and that upon the lony ~for es14 !rthur ea14 J>obert l'Ol>8&r for the of tte Cl •rk of t~• irc1tit Judge or the said on Claude &ssault for • id County, 1, 1 • I' urt, tinuing the nd within county, Houoe of aai4 Count1 by ~.J.H&ss, to-wit, 1n •n4 ~nd now Rttendtng in •nd for s•id of F&14 court, 01' vu-gtn11', as dol~, •hon by the ea1d )'.Unger, being an th• said Md w1llfull:,, & tr1sl, swear falsely, �• • • .t I • • • .t • • • • B • .t • • • t • l • t • • r • 0 • • t • .t • l • • • • • • £ • • • ' " • • • • • • r • • • ' t • • �,, •·•s 1n th• act wh~n he, \!1lton of throwing a hatohet ea1d ~Obert l...ongei:, shot the Hensley; ,,>.,re•s, 1n truth •t Lh• taiti •nd lcill.ed ,ma 1n !act, i;onger wl:.en l'.ll. : .l!ilton tl:~ eaid and th~ro, ''•,nele,;; upon •~n raia ly and willfully, perJury 'he eaid agsinet & .,.hsreb7 at the +.rial. >-t'.= ■ aid in the ~ounty eaid Hob- and felor.iouely tmd d1gn1ty .iJI, ·on,;er •~or~8Aid, corcJ.t of the co=m•alLh ~1d J. J • .ldlton --,obert l.l0ll30r ,81:ot r.nil "illed ewe11r falsely, tl:e p•rce b1111, the the eaid hatchet •rt :,Obo:rt ~•onE9r ~1~, •l-.en felonious- .-111rui ur Virginia. 1:ia witn sees evidence. 1n41atme.ot sworn in ~ourt 1e toun4 Slld sent on tie before teetimOo.;· or tho Gre.nd Jury ------, to live �• • • • • - • • • • • • - • • �., •\' ' " • I J • • �, ' .,.. .. •• ,• I - . ~~ :, :,. ~ ~"' :l"' .... [iJ .. ... 'i ;,, w ... ... ";! '1 ":;, .... 0 ll . .. • ◄ ~~".. "' I: 0 \;' .. ~ .. . '( u I ,, •1 ".... "' 0 !} .. .. .. .... 'g 0 ~ i,l "' . I:' <+ t:I. - e, 0 • ."' Ii '·... 01 �, ..' ,.... •• ~o=on~ealth of ,irginta, "oun~r ! P.oo~ingl'.am, to-rlt: • n:~ ;urora c! t~o ~:r Virg1r.1e, :omMQl)...,Elth bod, of th~ O;>u.nt7 o:r ~o.~1r. b=, for tt.e 1n •nd <nd no- atter.d1ng the "1roo1t •• ,. UTt u,,.L or. =t~ ~a.:, of :lctobor ,~. tt.e 01r011it Jourt ·•r Aeid <Jourt,, 1n rnd t1or, of £.&1d •ourt, 1 's •t 191", 0 eJtecmer in u 1 "o=t •nd ,.1t1.1n the ter ,191.7, '•ld at ·, at jur1ed1o- tt.e court it eal.d Ci:-c Curt, one to-wit, tried on an :l.n.dictmeit ~or the i=urder of onEt ... ,. !'!lton t-ars !roe Obert ~CDQ&r ne ""rer:i.t):.- o df!f, dsy- ., ee1a r!"COrcls o! t .- :1 .c.11 court ''.on.;.r and.,. Court s t".en tnd triel duly 'b t the t':tt of t • eeid and tl:ere 'becru::a ::Eter1"1 •t~n the ~e1, • and 1hat tl:ereuJlon as u rlt en, th n a.foreet.14, uteri did f•lor.Joz:sl:r to-~it, l. u>>t•er, ~ct o:t' thro court, u.4 tl·e evi t:rnt • .,.. wtc.lo truth id Court till!i nd tnere tte oati; And t)!at uron esid l\rt'r.ur 1ll!t;llf •n6r tr.~ •eo.1~ ,,, fa!-=ely. in_ w.::erea-e, in trutt:. .11'1 in • ct• H:.e 14 ;;, ilto t • 1 ~ th•n was Eenaley J. ~ilt ·or.~c1·, beir,~ l'ilton end havl.Jlg au- !ore~a14 hat .-. J.Uto tho ~aid said •n e he a'hould t1v~ ·h~t en <ire thst ! t}.e then and tlere On6er a ot hi , t e snid ~obert >.rthUJ" ~nt-er ~011.nt., ond in t~e •ongor !or t .e :t'elon:; llobert llensley: tl'e £' by lllw to eil~i,:iet.•r tr lol doing t?"llth, said it~ c n- up n • e trirl ::Jl b£ih&lt 1n Uj,d sworr. b a!Or,-~id, nd : r •r.ere, be tte ~•ority 17, end that e w!.tr.ete III Mfor.-~•id, ing u, on the ctr.in~ unt!~ 1.11RClb,-,Tt :.!or,.aer fer t'\,.e :r,1~n,7 ~-!ores&14 ppet:..r"'diI:i eitt c nt1nuizl o' l"letoter,1917. !'%'omt,.o 5th ~1 on \~e 13th day or October,] "irccit 0,9 more fall~•~· r.ou.r1., tl':e RE-id trial clusion Fl 'bert Eersley-. ~er a !elon~. n eo &worn t aotir.sw • Een,;,ley "a• in �__...... • • • • • t • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • �• • -- -• il:I t t • katcJ-. a id R0bo%"tt;oc er, whereby ••.e 8f!16 ,;.rthu:r ln t .e County trial, tsle•lY, and r thro,rin e act "" "'it,11\.• ! t~e et t'.• ee14 :icoe-::t t:cr.~r f!l:o+ 1:1 . ••cnsor i<forea, 1d, aelon1on•l1 ~ v :it "Ot:20ll"."1!1·~ t 41d, f!I enid .T. thPn 'nd felor.ic1U1ly illl:'11 ..... ,neley· iltor: 'hore, •l!'Oll t nd w111r ..11., erJnr, ., e?:. o. _ inst D e.14 ewear \ e fO"o• 1=-oinia. r w1!ncsol)S evi/Jo!:c~. ti.r•orr • .i "'6urt u,d eer.t bo:forc tr:e "!raJ:d .·u.r;}'1c sive J �• • • • • • • • �• f .. • • • �I .... • ..• •• • • :;-1 0 •.. ... ::, ..... ..- ... µ ; i,. ... ,. ., 'i' .. ~ 0 ' • !l ... i:~ . ~... :Ml "' .... ... I~ ~~ o, •• . • I ~,. :! .J ~ ,,. ,~ .. .. . ,., " ' < ~'I .,.,?~ .. ,., ... fl 11 ... .. ,., .. "'b°~ <..Q > ~ ♦ Q ,+ .... ';i ~ i " . 0 ► .. • • • . ,., "•• .... ... "1 �f OolGmOnwoalthnt' V1rglnta, vf noolringh"III, county In the C1roo1t Court Tre Juror• , :a body ot tb• court or eeld Count}' c unty, 1cl1ct100 of •atct 1u, 111,,0 •~ tt ~out, it• r~r the :..innr =der ~o d&7, •r of ~n• •. Kilton t t.a14 to II ar,tellber then ourt, d t: tl:e whole o&tl:.; •~4 nd there that •forea~l4 lo:, t n eota trial, '&lEel;, anal~; onser I ein,t It n h Yin, naoldnir,,, ,p II tl:.a tril.l or,d there RcnAlo, ; eo e,ron, e a "'itneee, nto:r "ateri \\'88 1n t o aot h~, t):~ "i B 14, truth, 111 t o Ci 011t beca.., 'eloniotlJlly of !trowing" a14 be the tt.e 11ail lerlt ti-A •r11th, of sa14 a:i1x11~t•r obert it •lat ator~e,,14, the e,,14 nge r !:>r t :.e !llt!t~r1&l to en aire :.:onger mot tht'r1111i:c•n • e Eaid U4 then and there r, on Court ot .. 14 .1ro by l8W ~ ntl tll&t l mat ca, !r • o! the d~1ng >hen tho A&1d ~Obert J. • !lton t~110hin i,pa&ra 1ta oonol,ieion l ehoul t ~. ea14 • rial then t lly to--.1t. of 'tll~ ti1id ~ot,,flrt U.on,ger Cl.erk t e Pa.Id •r1 1t sourt, coi:tinllir.g ,mt11 ~1111t,-, a:4 Qth0rit1 Hensley~•• in t o ~ount7 wt•n •• 1••1a, 11po11the ~1lto~ er, r, ••14 1Ye ire !or a talony. t • ao1cl tr1al. a,:4 nu hinE b· t t~e truth th•i: •tat,. , •t th~ court bold 11a mo.,.• 1. t tbe Ju1e- ot •~.e aB &?cl on bAbal! :lUl •ouut7, 1n .-1« nd t~..at up a thJ! trial -r ... tten ar.4 there eY14e,:oa he ehonl4 !eloey •• aui,- "'°'""'b1 foreaotd, ollldge Ciraalt n - ten,1917, ~h 107 or OCtober.1917, ea14 o.c.urt ea a rl~n c=t 1:"ll t Un and within li•n•l•Y, the 13th cl.a or Octobor.1917, Court, .1916, waa r1o4 on ax, 1nd1ota,, ot t a reoorda ai,4 •• -•r .nu ■, 111 r.cl for 4 now •• •• f 1>ooltilljjll o~ ae14 Coant:; b:, "· oae Bobert II o1 tho 0011111,,n,.eal~no1 Virg1r,1a, Court in on4 tor ee1~ Crunt7, tbe ~irouit fr uf aa14 r.ount1: tr..at on tl:c !\th dGJ' o! Ootob r. 1917. P?J ·,~. llo'llM to-w11: on tt.e n4 will11llly to-wit; •t. t th• ha!ohet ~t •h• , obe t l.ollge)r ~hot him, the ,eaee u14 reDr ao.14 J.'•ilton ·- ta Pobert raid ,· .~'.ilton �• •• .• • • • • • • • • • • J;,r • • 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • I 1 • • • • • • • • • l • • �• wtereae, Ron.el•:;; •• not in the 1rhfl'r !'-.a. th• 1 -,,,,u- ~al peace t-rial, el7, eviaence. :!n thr ounty t· e F ei 41 ~obert n4 there, !'elc.n!oul:- wtll.!';1 Renal•:, onger : • 1!llton aia 4.14 ... t.en cforea!U.4, oormit at tr.a hit::. tr.e, a:a.1t &-ege9 ~nser apcn and 1'illtblly. per;11r,1 cgei1u,t tlie o.L Ul8 cot:=Jf:)ni-:-111s1-...: \lirginia. tn~ictJzL:t witi:Joeeoe norn tet J_ "ilton ea1d ~l.• s 'hatche~ · "Uo~l". nil ~,.lonic~l.y ru-:d dignity j~ and 1n -eot, Ill.Ct of tr..r.,j~ing Pa.id foben H'!lnele;-; •h,.,reb7 • 1n truth in court is !.ound en tl:.f\ tAetimon, and sent before t•e of _____ _ vrsnd Jur:, •o ~11e �• -- •• • • • • • • • • • • • ' ' • • • �t •• • • ---- , r • l �...... • / 1 I 1 '/ '• . " I - .• .,, .•'' -:1 ... ► ;'I '7 :~ . t "' t:I .u . ·a:' H•i i; (. . ., . . •• . " :i 9!~ .., ".. • I 0 ... . r ..Ii:•.,, .. ." •> .. ".. - \;' p, ~ ~ e ". ..... 0 ,, ~ , -•.. t r'1 -· .. .. '1l ., .... ,.. ,,. ~ e . .~.... < .t' �•• - or ~1rg1nia, comonwee.J.th county Ciro111t court Ir. tl"' Jurore TJ,e to-wit, of Puokingham. u:! ee14 ooun1y: of •re Co1'1llGneal th or YL g!n:iA, body of t.te Count,r or r...,cxin ham, Court of esid IT n-r. the tt. Circuit tio11 county, ~ 6tt on court f e•t~ at it~ At ~r tn t~i OUtober 1917. county, !or the mr!er !l"om the reoorde to ••1. rom the 5th dr .~ 0c ober,1917,liD' tl.~ i'•lonf l,!on...,r !or ~e.t court •• a wi!.neFs and ~ae tl1en and there, 1d ot. bohelf then ~nd tJ-.tre s1tt1n ev14 noe he eh, ul.8 "1••upon uron t]:e whole ru•l'! and r.·thing 11ut tl coart then ond there autho-rit, oath; rrr.d th&t un~n t~A. trial felon~ rforoR~id J.L:1lton being in it h· ving tte .e•~~ ....cbeT• wh•reoe,1n of eai 0 court that elloul.d be tl:e b~c&oe ~t•rirl ~nser i=ouit ofox-eea1d, • • ••14 .el@iouely tJ-J! truth, Clerk of e•1 tt.o eeld or+~ to enquire uoni;fr •nd thll:re v,d ehot ing a h tchAt cnger sb.lt t:r11th £nil. 1n 1'act,the ::.m, t ee.1~ on tho said willfllll., t_h11t th• 1n . obett aid Pobert ~onpr 8, did th~,. on l of the e•14 b:7 1811' to erun1Ji1eter Lt t~e 1J10ttor. ta ... 1t, wee ln the , ot of thro co alus1on e:r..c..~ t..flt thf!r•U!""''n i "' sai-6. A:rth'a.1· ., eo e .. o:rn es a 91tne tt..e Count:, efOTdOllJd, from de7 the Jtrouir H•nslo:, ..-e do:Ln& hAn the r 1'1 robnrt tcuo'IJ1ng e ster1a). ta, •riEl to-~1 t, tT~•r• • ht"-~e.i •nd in 'Tilth, th@~ ~nd there ; ;:.:.11 tor. F.e:nel•y: eeid: ..,f th~ trial the eaid nou'"t, 1:oni;er appeared Arthur eeld •ounty, jn l its upon tt.e iri afore•aid "' r sni1 ~1roi1t 1 continuing •1117 a,,orn by J ••• .ESlaokbllTT., Jlerr aforAreid, Cou· t, 11nd that t tt.8 (!ou,t ee -ore fttlly th~ said tr1 of ~n1d court, the 13th d•y or Oatober,1917, Robert £enel«J, juriydic- for a felony, on an in!1ctment o1 one :.J!llton the tel4 Eouee o1 Fn14 Conxat by 11".r.J:!ass, ,"'11.a,e;e ot tV, t CQUL.tJ, n4 '11 thin tllrm,1917, ept~al><tr cne Pober I 1:cn;;er ,.,e tri~d e Oirc.Jl t t-tendin~ VPO!i '11iZIR O :liS aid its tl:e "1Lrch ~orm,19ll, in ,n~ f~r ,our\, r,(\ nor 1n •r.d !er -~at him, ths nseY. trial, •""arfale•lT, aid J. ;il ton H~neley t the eai• "!obort i:onger e l!fl.id : .~ilton .Str.slt"Y; ,l.lil'ton aenoloy when ,.,,. nob 1n �• • • • • t • • • • • • • • • t ! • • • • • • • �• \ the •~t of thr0"1ng hAtohet at the eatd Robert L~nGor whan he, !!ober~ •o,is-r, t·,e eat,i F.~nslo:,: se.1 t1&1d trial, 1D tr.e 'oun t;v aforese i~ , fe lonio usl;v ""d w 111 ru11y, • d ne,--el"d.14, t:hon sncS. tl1Al'e. ur,,n t e whercbv tte e"ear taleol;v, lrtl.ur l!t:ot ► im, t~.e tt&id J.ll,lton llnd ·01on1vualy oocir.1t wtll"ul i87'it;; c~ ti> ~om,o~al "'111• ind1-0tm~nt in found on •i. Of perJur:v &.;fltnat the ";irt;i1>1~. tr.• testimony of....:. _____ -------------------------------· • \ _ �• • • • • - ·- t - �• l " I • ' 4 �' L ..• .,., .. ... . ► ► ~ sl-. !~ ·• td lf\ j::j ~ ~. .. r. :, . • I-' ~, •a ".. :.: .... ,, 0 '-1 r" .... • ~ ~ 61 "" 0 0 I .. i .... ~ !;I .. '" ~ 0 g ... tl ..., 0 • G '":•' "~ ·!l ".. " i1 ~ .':" �• • • •• !he Coin..onwenlth of Virginia. • Iv the C1rouit Court of Roolt1nt,:1111rn County. to-wit: enid Cou11ty: the The Jurora of the Co"'"1onweeltn of •1rginia, the at body of the County of Rockingham, lta Saptoober r.tor.,,er. o~ said I!otert 1• r 1917, did term, •.-:e an assault and there and maliciously aforeaald, aforesaid. woe present, ac4 so the Juror do say tb.t do :further u,., aail\ llobert and asaistin,; ~• do ocd co=!,, Bensley, the at11inet .And tl,e Jurora present, tnat Joaao ooonselling, aiding, ,ion,ier. tbe felon1 upon their aforeaal4 oatha Hobert Kon0er and Jesse Mon6er in felonioualy and Wlllicioualy, uron tile did shoot with intent the ooid Claude Henele;, Upon the evidence of and him, the eoid Cloudo then and there di,;n1 ty of the Col!l.'llonwealthof Virginia, ' Claude in the County e!oreeo14. •• roreaaid. enid Claude Hensley, did make an aaoault. diaAl>lo and kill felontouel:, the said manner an4 form o:toresaid, lieneloy, and kill, of the Commonwealth o:t Virginia. oath aforeaoi4, Tbat one, Clat:4e Heneley, him the said disable Cou,ct of .&ui;ust. 1.:J tt~ in 4"d non to maim, diefi1,-ur•. aaid present: 10th !la with 1nt~nt 1Con111r.on tbs day !nd year first abetttns, ttending and hin the aa1d Claude Hensley. upon their felon1ou11l1 0 oot~s. CoWlt;-. on tte did shoot, peooo and dignity oforeenid, opon tto1r in the County aforoMld, and "'111ciously, theu 1917, nnd now 1n and for to maim, diefl,,;ure, •~•Inst the peace and �I �• �• . ... .... a, .... e ,.. " .. "' ,Q a "... "' .. .µ .. s . !" ~ ... ... tr: ~ i;:, ., " .. .. .,"' ·~ .... "' ..., ••.... .' ,. ~ 0 • ► k Cl ,a 0 r>l ~ . . .. ., .. .... ... .. • ,s ;J ., ., ... .. ... ~l"l ,., :, ,Q •• ... ..... 0 +' 0 .. .. • "I 8 ~ § 0 . ri "'. ., "',., ... rl " '"" "" il " ,:! 0 ~ 0 0 �Co!llllOn•ealth of YirgWo, In tho ~irouit Court ~he Jurors of tho aald of the County: Common•oolth body of the County of RoclUngna~. Soptember of the term, soid peaco feloniously, •nd that the ee14 Robert a6"1Dat the said loodei\ with wilfully pistol the bod; Of hu wll:l'Ully and of the day, J. lliltoo llenaley. J. Ullton Reneley, in the county afore ea id. vr•••nt, upon their felon1oualy, oounaellint., !!onger, ooth aforesaid, tba w1ltully, a1dtni:;, felony !.longer, strike, .first 1n and ond with &•ld whica ther,•aftor did e•me the the eaid said mortol i'urther wound died. preaent that In tl:.e County aforesa,d, and of hl a mal 1oa efore thought, ebattir. end murder 0 , sod aaalatin,. aforesaid, out 1n and UJIOnthe aforesaid, do t~• and discharged l4on.,er, or the U])OD feloniow,ly, penetrate, forth nud ehortly ln ti.e year on the dey and rear of the gun1•owdar tn the County aforesaid, Henoloy, aforesaid, atoroeaid, thon and there, Robert to, ll.lld die- tben and there eent he teloni- ahoot one 114rtFl wound,of 41d live, da;- ot Ausust. jurors. aa1d Robert allot, then and bad, •nd there did did being, pistol, held by force Renaley, by the aeid an<! lnngui1h1ng Jesae »on~•r. Hobert J. lliltoo ee1d l:ltn And the the aforesaid aforesaid, wound the esl4 W.ltoo and thero ot his malice aforothou,;ht. pistol and there IIOD,ler, 1'1th tLe b:>lleta thon in the which pistol and tber• then 191?, did make an bullets, J. !.!ilton Benale,, so •• then with a certain Bensley, ae aforesaid, the aatd •foroeeid. lan5uisit. liilton ~nger, Bensley. aforethouisht, !lend tt.ell Jiobert sforeee1d, body of t~a said mort•l Commonwealth. and leaden lts at in the yeor his m&lice ~forethou,sht, wound, sivtn 5 to the eaid bullets J, the said ••mt forth and ehot, eaid end of c.0Brt1e; end that out of the 1n his Court, Thot Robert Iii lton J. T<obort ~on;:er. gunpo,.der llon 0 or, end npon the oualy, of this and of hie mnlice wilfully nnd there present: 1n and upon one. of God and the people assault; oaths. said Co\lYlty, on the 10th day Of Aue,ust, in the County e:toresaid. in ond for tho of Vir&inin, no• attending upon their 1917, CoW>ty, to-wit: -lockln;,hB:. ,. .., the aaid to do and co=it. and ��ao the Jurors the said aforesaid, upon thou Robert ~onger and Jeeso Konger, 1.n inanner and tor~ aforesaid, aforethou~ht, ~slice dignity felon1oue1y, the said wilfully, and murder, 8gatnst did kill do say that J, Milton Honalty, and of their the peace ond of the Co!11monwealthof Virginia. Upon the evidence tl¼.r,,, L.,, ~ vL of sworn in uren Court and eont to the sr•nd witr,essee !kf oath a~oreeaid, ,/~ f' 1 ~ f I~ 1 l 1 I ~ Ju.r:, to teet11). .If,./,J,,_ ldt,,£e,l..l • lieHt <-CJ, v' :,, 1 l /-: a 1/4 IL.t-;-, t �I ) ... ��' \. ~. Jo1tomcer ierc ;, ,~ . ~/ ~ ~ ~· -,i·!·.,K < 'f ~ i ) ~:; - J ~ \:' .,. ~ -~ .; ), ~ • ' .' :: ...~ ~ '-· -' i ..,. ~i s4~ ~ @'.i. '~' \ ~ \ J ~ ~ , $, J t~ Ye. {,: " 'j ~ ,,,{ 1.Dnter, For Felony .~· ~' In.diotn.ent. Dob~rt. .i.on.,..er & Jesse ' \'; oo~o:..vuI.TH . ~ ~ "-. • ,.':t. I A '!'RUE BILL .a . ,, --1 ". ...-·' A 1·t ?oro.i:.;.n. ~ ~ ' ~ 'i" '.J. ~ ,:,l ; • "- 1917, .I~~ i Hurry M, Strickler, 1 O1Jtr.::l0n:11ealth D .Attorney. l. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1918 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Arthur Monger et al. Description An account of the resource Defendants charged with felony murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_007_214 Hensley Monger https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_008_257-commonwealth-v-arthur-mclearn.pdf 3070bc6957874c24e4d011711fda302c PDF Text Text ��• • • • cot.:r.:rr:WALTH O? ":lTlGIJ:'!.A. cou:11'i l r ;" Ci' l~.•.il!t\J.:. 1 1 ·•he cr-tt 1d .,uroru .,'\Q,.:,_lr.gl:b.;.uS.J4 iu ar.u. /t.Jt' 1.ha bod~· o. a.ttomttn, a.aid ttu. r- ou-:.tu~ do i,;rdee1 ..t. t,-1. •rth..u d~::; o! 1/Aroh, 110"'- br•at.:ina;, cue _,!. ]ear on U.01al~/. Rea-:ea 11 t'ob.rta1ir: er..1t~'t1ArJ. .o •'l.11..- b•tz o! ti:>eL.1!1-Ch .... dld wher. a .1..u..b r ct .-e!lce n::a.dl1>J11t.)' Tnikl 4Lh. ~d Couvic.t .c;L...f11ri, • l!.'<-lic, u.pon 1't.Lle a ,r.•oner 1..0 con11nv:.c i1rrhll• 1D tbe b;, ono o, the f11:1!ony. ho.:s•- II Rood For...:•, ~ 10::- 0.:...-toa.,1 rao.. relonlouNll" of ~he Commou"""lth illdlo\.~nt ien.i., l..l--...4, lu tl'.o Clr~u..1: Co4!rt for g ~a.:-d.•t w.nl:..•'!:.lll.1 hm t,'1.te hi>ril oL0t1,t'O on or abo.a-t tbo !.~th J. Will.1.-ar., 1,;id; attr..:eucv! in ald. lte aa.1.d Cou.n.ty oi ht.vJoe; bo n c n, ... a.ted. !or en-ten1..:11.t;. c::- :-luct Cor;t.,· vou.rt. ut ln t ,u Co1u,iy •tor•""•d. l~•~. "~.:"'gJ1.14 St.it@ \.o-w~ \.~ 1c fr,,m. seriX l.he Cow:!.,, ao.ill ::i:1 ...c•=s Camp ll!Utbar 32. 4agal!a.a\ ~l' Ylcg!,ua. 11 t.OLI.ZKlt)t,th• witne1110 ■ l!IMOro in tee:tlQOL., oo.ll't o:t 01 .erg.,.!l.n-: 01 iener, eecape 1,. tbe J., •••. At.d. ae1 t- bef\)rll eruaoe the the �• tJ • >- • ... • t., • .. ... I • � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1924 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Arthur McLearn Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony escape from custody. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Escape from Custody Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_008_257 McLearn https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_167-commonwealth-v-arthur-mccarthy.pdf 3298d4feec4922e0d70c74bbc8576484 PDF Text Text Jr--, } f-7 _/4,,;,.,,.~;;..., 'J"t<-~( .J ~- 'b - ;:, ~?/ ';1' f..,,(,,. ¾.,,,.,.., ~j, ) /1,,,,,1 . ,j {t,, '?'- L '( l'"h-~-_,,_ e,_.....,,,...;. ., • r- /<;I ,,:e __-,.,., ~ :., I •J-J,I~~ - ~i>'_,e,, .. v. /~ ~,-,, "': F ~- ~?-t. f,L v~v,u ~ fl. 7 (,..-4.. t6 -<f,_. /p ,._..d,,,,, /{ /j,-,.,...,,. ---' 1 -.., {( t Ii. {,. lfJlPt,,, .,_, 1 ylr /2 13r,..,,.,,,,,, ......J~ �... �• •• • • • I _.. • t: t t t. .'. ., ( ) . �•• • j/,,,, /I f - ...Jf:., z...,If{· , ,I C z •<~ .,.., • , /:f, t_/. ~ '-;-t ;; ~ /r ~✓ r- - ,;/ . q-,_# -&.- ""o/ /4 ..... ~.,,., t',: µ,~--• I • �• •• • �' • • ' �• Comn1on,vealth of Virginia, COIJN I Y OF ROCKI ',(iHi'M. IN THE CIKCUIT To•wil: cou1n OF !>/\ID COUJ'>7,': • \ a.nh ' I••\\ " Btt<:Il"IO • l 1·c I'll It 1 I' ••UI I . •... flt 11.le -1,µ v.Jt.z... ry., ..,,.......... . 1 ,,,,, 0-~ - (l,.d r ..- ,i......c.L ~ wi,-.< U-" k a 'b ~ ~ ~ 11.-v JJ,{,i,J., a,:,<l ,,.,..._.i.,__~ ~.a. .tJ. f/rde.m.,... ~ , ""P.iu a..,..,t,L ~cl... tl (l • ,.. .. .k.-l a. -tL. -/4,, • .4-,l. /he-I 'I U,e, ;~ d. ,sti,i,_h a.......t. e.~ ~~ t, ,_J.r;t lu~ Jt, e0,.,...d.,. 6-f.,-i/J~ ~ 'J-~'t},,.,.;;/f ~ft"''(,U. ,..,._<,(_ ~<M,,, i,.._ U< J... I ~ ~ I .--awl~ ~ f,'...- Jt ln,a»,\. Ga-.:.( :;. ,._: t1..c· .,_f. <r_.__._' cw, ~ I ~. t!t--iJ.nWn1-- �• • •• ' • ~ ~ f I ~ .t r.= e .... - ,.. .J m w .,• .c 1S .J 1~ .. i5 ., ",..:> --~ :,: ... - ~...i 0 C: 0 u '- .,...._. :> a: I- ... ~ ~ -j 1-,( ,) ....._, ) ( .j i:: o'1" ~ '] ~ -..:; ~ .. • - , I"\ ft • •• • �• • • • •• STATE CONVICT (VIRGINIA n. "'IH)h, .l. • ROAD FORCE PE.NITE.NTIARY.) ">.. ,...r; .. ,.lf,,. ..~..,. tt. M, JOH!":.;u:,it. ~ .... t. l"o"1•t • Oetobe,- 1.9-lO. Bon. f. l'I• .Eaa.., Ba.n-iaonbuTg, Va. Dear Judge, I am adTia&d by the :llltri:tf to bu eon:tu:e! In hie la11 of Hooltingh,.. tu.t coun~. at J!&n"iaonb11rg tbc :toDnnng prlso11oro: Arthur '..e.earth:, Jamf'l:f D11waon 'l!ho aa Boll Poree . .h I 11111 badly 1n need e■ k th~t or ~•n you enter !he neeeseary at this ordor. Oht.ptQr 84, Acta of 19¢8, whieh will !'luulld,:g orlor I beg to l would rope•otfull7 1n aoco~da.noe ~1th aeetion 2. anablc ~• Co eaour-e tb~se Cel). ;rou 1n a:lvanoo for baa been antftra!, ti~o si: oar~ :r<ipl7, a4Ttailll: t!:ia N~A1n, Very tra:l;y youru, \ ) • ,) tl r ~ , -:i 'Y,~/ '7//"d :Superintendent ) ..... ~ ~ ~ f) �• •• •• • • I /l,-'!-#~---1"'-·/ ,_; ' • ,.Le -~ ) cJ·p<,.... ~'-<- <:-; rt< ,,{< ,_ ....... r. " J , -v C --- _.., ,.. I ..., , . ..L,, , v,,---,,,....,? /i;._ /1 ~t C 1- vr JO -,. ~( . ,, I -4 C-. f~ ./ ,c;.. It:..-: ( •✓• I:. :.,_~ ) f..,..,..,rl< C • r" '• ... -L~..,. ·v ..., ,,.__ - ~.,,,, ~-~-"' "'-c..-~ ,_..,L'-r -<:_ ,, h~) ~,,,,.7. /,,1.' -..... , ,,~ --~✓< ~ ,,: ~ ~< ·•' c~,-...,.:....._. t7' ,,,,_,_./' , '-f, '-.. #t. t!'-~~j, ,,-,:-h_:::; ..Zh..,_ ., - .,, ,I~~-,, j.,. ~,..,..,_~ r c-,~, I /r.,, /2 kv>/ '.✓ ..,,,,I.. ./,. 11, --.--- _l(.c~.../•-✓--- . .....__ • ,- - r-,//-,,--,:- .?i..,_ ---✓-,;:..,...,.-- /2 ~ )',::.,<L, • /c 7 ~ '7/ .I,_....? ,._/. A •~ /cl,,.~~,~-~----- , "' ,-. rr J 7'<" ..... , ,.. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1910 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Arthur McCarthy Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_167 Coleman McCarthy https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_188-commonwealth-v-archie-turner.pdf 759719b76e6c3a2c37d9018ac436ce71 PDF Text Text ' •• Co1n1no11,veaHhof Virginia, COUNTY 01' ROCKINOIIAi\\, 1'o•wlt: IN THI: CIRCUIT COUJ.tT OJ> SAi D COUNT\/: �' ... C ( r- �' i • ,11.\JlU:\J'Y 4, l 11. 1, 1.ll' l lMUO trl,111 O hol, "1001 • O., V • In tho 01"'Clllt Court ot th111 Qou;,ty, n!llllOdAtn1'1o .!lT, , t rtoen ycnr i r Cou:tt ,-oaJ1 n"n :oendod. l .llY n ntonoo unttl la ~'1. holpt\11, )J. can Mt.a or oon nt to h1.tl b ano:r dv mt~c. ot,t ' n;: oo rlittod lr,et1tut Tl O l>ey -- P.o h "· •t l •·o<t~. 11 t o n1tont1Al'Y. o ow.ht to U n tho o O\ll>O<:- O\lml\ n• oo\l r o '14 1 t lnt. yon 100 o m-1to to y= ol' 'l'hc w1th :r r- 11ouooult1 bo Nl rd fl: ttt' t l:>T ,rnn oonvloted thi, Intent. to oo a o o 1n wt h y orvtooab O.l'lQ h yat. o, y 111.n. cnt t.o 11 , 1notoo m noo • tt \fe t• 1 t. lt 1th ot ill1to be))' )'OW\ I'll t r;,10, ~1Vint 011r ountod , 110t' t t " ooun. �I '• .. - �..---... --· • ,. lnsurancr .,...,._ ... 'ff•'"""""O"I •~-- (4,UI 7 �.. -, '• ' r•.• L --- f ',,~. ,. •• ' •- r·•· .•.•4 . I - ,. •. - •- •• i . J: M, r' ~,·· 11 \ I - -1; .. -• • ~ ~ '' . ,._,_ --::I ~- ~~- 'I, �.la•r,/ Jnd••trlal Jchool G(O I. ,t a..H:t 1.. 1 ,nu,,,..o , , .... :::.::::::: • q �, �• • •• J;aurel .9ndustrial ..ichool • GEO. 8. DAV IS. Supmnrmd,nt • • ..... ,_.,I,•,_..... t ,. I• t, <••••1t /,~ .. IJ '\Hr ~... ,IJI \ -)AIU l< • I "/., ~ ,_,~'tt;p 1!"/ 'X •-Av o'""-:-rc.ul., ~ ..._~...,~~- \,.\) .t.. ......_, -.U..,-\'c...\&., ~ ,....r.-L:'c.. ""-v _...........,. ~ ~ ,,z ..-\:-t"'"" \...-\}.)ju_, L--... ..,... <4,.,,.~ k\~ \-tr,,.... ~r-~ ' .................. ~~,~~~7.' Q <-•+- �., ' � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1911 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Archie Turner Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony break and enter and felony larceny. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Burglary Break and Enter Larceny Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_006_188 Turner Yankey https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_009_279-commonwealth-v-andy-rodeffer.pdf 0c33bafc1d5eff75a6e8ac5a8fc3ef9d PDF Text Text •• c· !r~tll • Tnt e j1.1rore ror ti 1 8&1d. Coa..rt . ·•' ~ Bald Co ,:0..1.nt"' o ~ snd lnnl 1, ttl_1, I hri,;-,;:-Lllj-,t:, di • it,r Cr£ , W'it eesee Jr_ '" o. ~-. 1 •]~ ",c • w th vei eY d1n.Oe. 1 ~r • t:.rri':l e, Ltt1r1 :r~•not: of 8 8 . I Qtl • ot 1 lf1Ull., in l~e e1t id ocw i.,;, dld the COt:1ilOIWOast .,.- r 6%'.d now s.-tcd.- on or -ebou 1 a.ml er -'ro::rlea oi oor.1oct.Lon in ~!lcl 1lrlinl&, i\(l~k~gham, :e c:t i-er tor _:. t1: the Co-'LO -.,-ealth o ;Ju,i. A!l !' Rode:t1~r >;,l • '1 ot the ad;,- ot oec rt o ~f<dUJf"! Z.hiftlott, and e:r1 l!r•IJ!la. r �• ,•. 0 0 I 'l 0 ~ "' •"' ..... ~ . '.. ' ~ '1 I ' • ~ .,. 0 ., •• .., • ~ > ,~ .." ~ 0 ~ ,.!R ., • ... '· ,.:,, 0 11 '4 i .., :.t ""'. ... .., -... > .. .. -.. t!. ; .. .. 0 .... , ... " " '1 �~~·""11-' d~ • - �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1925 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Andy Rodeffer Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony seduction. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Seduction Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_009_279 Rodeffer Shifflett https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_008_254-commonwealth-v-amanda-herring.pdf 10c09a38693e12aa9a8309c3d2467cd2 PDF Text Text In the Name of U,c Conunonwe,Jlth of Virginia: ·rc1 t.he !'thttrift of Nod1lna.b•II.• Coonr)', C:tHtica3: t·"" ~,./t ,...t, I t'01ft I??-')~ ~,--/. ,, /'P.4--=. t., ,111p ,,. m u,,,~I II, L n It "?'-<.c___.._ .... J"J~/fb.±:&, II,,...;,,,/~,+ f'l'f,)r. "" "''" 'J/'//,; t'ih·Nit JlmHllur,w/, ,,, /01J'rf111f.., ,, n,,.11111./u mulllonfltiJJ lli-ii,j o· _j ,H·, Ir'. HLU•h""frfrll.\, J. ,,,.,,,-.,1·;~./2 I l',mrJ I/ Ct,,,•f.,- 11( futr "f //1,. (l11tltmt1. ,J, ,,.? /• u •11. al th, a,,,,,✓,_ ,;.,u11i",,1,rf. ,,t 1/11' lmfrl (:0.,rt 19 ~-'-f fl,.,,~,., Jf,,. . 1:JA ,.,,,,,r,,,,,,,.,,9-n,_,,1r11fl/,,.t•,,mm1m,1•,-,.11/, J-.., f. ~..,er...._._. .. ' <"l,rJ... ��• In chc Name of tbe Commonwcnl1h of Virginia~~ To the Sb.-rift of ~inl(tdbl 1, .,,,, .. •r 11,f1n- th 1/,11, ,,. ,f,ul~r, of /hr 1Jt,.,-,..i/. ut /fl 11't<J,,,.')..11, nu/ //,t ln,llt 1,1 Ioli/II 11·/,fJ '1 ·IIHI,; 1·11,, t- J, ,/ ti, I I C-.h 1~1,y o{ Qf lf1tt (.(,t1unut111'rd/tlr n,,, 11/,1, nt t/11• (',mrt ,.,.,.,.'7.....,..-~A /.'J _....t' 11t,nn-•f ~ 7i:t,-fl ,u.,,...~lnf frtr,;l'!J11111r./r111t11 ,,,,,. u,,,t, r the /it'rinl.t11 ~I J..'u,o. ~/11,t ,,,,,.,, ,,.,.,., H'r I • ir-,,,._~ ,!,it, ,,, ·1 oCL. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1924 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Amanda Herring Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony promoting child prostitution. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Promoting Child Prostitution Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_008_254 Herring Shifflett https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_087-commonwealth-v-algernon-fisher.pdf 6eb0eb5f1e675238f9313c3c22253536 PDF Text Text ~~j)_ ~ J;L_ ~. -;r;;nv,,.,,=~ j(/j~. =~~ aA... ' 3f2~~ ~ iJ✓ ~ ",.... ~' ~ r J::L--rA-1A__'2.-,~11T'.nf4'" ~ (U_ . �1 ���T e co".lrt of' th,~ ls:i111 is tr.e b'trd8n bitt r of l)roving to '.v1.rrqnt 03. SOD! l ') l•j innoc,mt 3. r:_o,1bt • inst rue ts until the 1 e is th!-) ;:,.1ilt, conviction his th 3. t jurt ot' JV•J-.:.."y ~)_oven guil+,y; \11°~qc:mse6 nnst .r:;uil t Circ 1 1.ms+.1.ncHs of b8 r.nn ii-1 IE'OV8n 1 3 case is Conc~.on7';'::-J_l+.h, beyond .1.re not cient. Tucker •Wt~ and no+, only on tr-. r P-1'1~c:uRpi,;ion th~ 88 Va. 2.8. q c::;1lf:f:'i- ��The me-:1.nt th·1 t con<sir';_,;1•3. in t11,3. r:t1. tP- of' t,hP, jnry thP- C3.8e uhich +,r1A't th~3Y o:1i1:1ot to a mor:'il c,.,,rt linty Anclre·.'rs Websters 1:.)-1,_t by q:xv of the re1_qon1ble r' o·_ibt is ~n ti;-~P. ,Jora1Y1.r ison 3.:f.'tdr the +,ion of ·.3.ll of' th<-~ evirlenc,~, t conrU t.ion .Jonvic-:-ior, irn, tr wt~ 0011rt and hnvr~ s th•-3 rr~inri_of· -th0 j'J_-rors t:rn t t,h0y lQXNN f'➔ ,-,;l an tr,l t:i o:C Ca Re, 0a se 5 Cush. 320 i~ 1,3 1.0idini; r:;r1::=irr;~. �: r-... /"',. \ ' r-... \ �. , ' r • th8 c·J.~8 is con8irl~r8rt t,oze+. ':.!I'. Tucker 1 Prat~ers R c9.Re 88 V'l. o~~8 85 \a. Anr)..1]::· !",Or':-> c•-1r·e 8 3 '33 1~2 ·,.. 389 �' . �JI I J " iJ. J a/2 . L Ji•, J, {'r . - l r ,.,. l '}y(- I l t__{' ,t I&--(,; ~ t, ~;) I. - • r- .. fl I,_ .... ' - It ., - �• i I • �! • COMMONWEALTHOF VIRGINIA, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, TO-WIT: IN THE CIRCUIT o.f t .._,vom.11onwealth o:f Virginia, The jurors bd11Yof at its the df County March term, on the Fisher 1907, o¼;,,.. ~ in and for and no.attending Rockir.gham, in tht_ year ~ ~....., Algernon COURT OF SAID COUNTY: I ~it! upon their day 6f March, the th~e said Court present that oaths in the year 1907, in /I the said County, did unla'.•:fully, :r.ialiciau.sly and feloniously cut I one B .. J. the said Powell B. J Q with Powell weal tl1 of Virginia Upon the intent evidence o of against in open Jury to give the evidence __________________ pea.ce and sent to ---the disable and dignity -------witness court disf'igur•· - -------------sworn to rr.ain, Grand 0 ....._Clerk• • and ltill of the l1im Cio·rr.:-.on- �.. • \, -'"':'? ,,,.•·. , . . - -/ , ' ~ N "J , % F ( I r �• r-- r COMMONWEALTHOF VIRGINIA, COUNTY OF ROCkINGHAM, TO-WIT: IN THE, CIRCUIT The jurors terr:., in ~ !}~ Fisher ,A county did ., the year .;1r-<4 ~ '.t on the / :L.- the Ban1<:.note found steal, I from the .alee, com_-:-Dn-iVeal th of UPon the evidence and now attending ui~n their 1907, in and for the oaths said day for person Virginia <1 · ( Ma. ch, in the year , 1907, said of him the a":l'ti.Y gl:l.inst said 0 then Pm1el_ BG J. +he peace Powell witness ---- to the Grand Jury to give evidence. ------------- , Clerk 1 value and there feloniously and dignity 0 and sent in 't-1-,. ayrr.ent of $20 00 and of the of ----------- sworn in open Court Court at its tlla t Algernon .Present .... . and pr'ot,~rty of B. J. and. ,~arry .. ------------- ti1e Body .. did one Banl<:.note of $20.00 being com:::.onwealth of Virginia, coun~y of Rockingham, of the March of the COUR!I' OF S_AID COUNTY: of' the �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Algernon Fisher Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony attempted murder. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Attempted Murder Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_004_087 Fisher Powell https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_005_147-commonwealth-v-alexander-morris.pdf 7c03e08f966f9bf9f851e816b7bcf081 PDF Text Text ,, ,--~~~--------~-- ~ .·... Commonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAID COUNTY: The jurors of the Commonwealth and now attending of Virginia, the said Court at its .......... in and for the body of the County of Rockingham, ~ .................... upon their oaths present that .. ~~···~;J' term, in the year 190.<J.., .............................................. .. .... against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the Grand Jury to give evidence. . .................................................................... Clerk. �Commonwealth v, { I~" ~ ti'~ -~~-----------------·---·----------··---· ----· r~~L A F~~ .... ,4 -♦ •·." _,.... " ... ., TRUE BILL, ;:,,eman �' . Commonwealth of Virginia, COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, To=wit: IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SAi D COUNTY : The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in and for the body of the County of Rockingham, the said Court at its .... J~D:iJ.f;l..:r.v .................... and now attending . A.lexander ................. term, in the year 190 .. ~., 'iorri upon their oaths present that ........................................................................................................ and day to the first day of Janu~ry, on the ...... rs.t. ............day of. .... F.~J;>.rn~t~' ....................... , in the year 190.~.. . lewdly from . and that lasciviously associate nd cohabit cl1cl.......................................................................................................................................... Collier, marred the to said each Alexander othor all !!orris the time against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth and Jennie with Collier 1909, the said County, one not Jennie . being aforesaid of Virginia. ,,._.J Upon the evidence of ...c.~?.•..J;,a.T:r-!~!11.~? ..~!'~?~~ ...~.'.:,~ .............................................. .. .. . . . . .. . . .. . . .. .. .. . .. . . . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . .. .. . .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. . . . .witness ... sworn in open Court and sent to the Grand Jury to give evidence. ~ 7~ ..................................................................... ~,&~~ Clerk. �( . ~ " ~ ! )> -I ::0 C fTI I (D r r ~ ~ ;:, ~ ~It () 0 <::'! :" ::s ,,-'--., !f ~ -20~ ~ 3 3 0 t (') --:1 3: ~ (D - ~ ,-+,- :r -~ ~ , )- ' , � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Alexander Morris Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with misdemeanor cohabitation. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Cohabitation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_005_147 Collier Morris https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_065-commonwealth-v-alexander-black.pdf 9c87f8d9f4ecd14c4960f24d5d04660c PDF Text Text COMJIWNWEAL'J'H OF VIRGINIA ROCKINGTIAJ\1 . WnEREAS, 00 .:.p.l~tion ' } TO-WI'!': COUNTY, ~.....$~............. ......................................... ,., C:a.e:1i!ttMi,of said County: To ... C:../, ..~. ........................... ,of the ssid county, has this day made ... on oath befo,e me, ..~)··'~" .................. -.D~ • Justice of the said eouoty, that ................................ ~····· ..····································· .. 4......... of the said county, on the .................................... day of.:. 190 .. ~.-. in the said county, did ��Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated I No 3. Certificate of Commitment forTrial. I Hurst & Company, Pulaski City, Va, Code, sec's 3970•71. I VIRGINT.ll. 1 COUNTY OF.................................... .... . .............. ................................., '110-lfl'JJ': ��r • COMMONWEALTH ROCKINGHAM OF VIRGINIA, COUNTV, l TO -WI 'r. . ~ ........................................ . Jo ........ WHEREAS, complaint and information on oath before me,.. and bring before me, or some other ............................................................. .............. ............. to appear Justice of the said County, and to be farther .... 7g·~ ··············Irk:~~~f - .. . A .. ................... ~·~·. and give evidence ........a Justice of the said county, that the body of the said ........................................................... . ......................................................................................................................... dealt with according .. to law. And you are required to summon td. ,,;r~ ~. ."I/.~.~,, .......... :~ ......................... . ~~jA-~L~ . in belfalf of the Commonwealth, Given undo, my hand and seal this .... ;:!_.i.('.······day REGISTER PRINT HARRISONBURG VA .~ .......................................................... . ~~ the said complaint, LL o_/ said Cou11l,_y: of the said county, has this clay made ......... .................. ~... O~ to answer . ........................... , ~C2215(c{J(e _ on the examination oL ·~- touching -·······-· the said offence. ...... in the yeac ........... t.r:--/t~J P ,90&. [SEAL.] �r • I, io Uomnwnwealth vs. .Execiitecl the by arresting ~ Arrest Warrant . within warrant rend delivering tfl\ ,.;& ............. ~......................... . before- ..... .... CL Justice and nmned by of Rockingham, sumnioning witnesses in the County within person, this �! • Hurst's Standard Forms, Annotated. lN f I o. [Code, J Hurst & Compan), I Pulaski City, Va. Indictment. 35. §§3989, 3999, -1000, .JOII, 4045; I-1urst's Guide & Manual. pp. 537 (:;), 5-10-5, 546, 617-18.] J'lzejurors of tlze Commonwealtl,of T'irgillia,in a1zd for tile body of tlze CottllttJof ....................... , a11d1zoa·attenrlill[Jtlze said Court at its ....................... •"-f'Ll"'-""'"lirt'\A~_-_. ...... . term, ill tlzeyear if.~ ,upon tlleir oatlzspreselltthat �' . - " I )> : -C t 0 ..i ...,;i ,..... i--1 ,;,..- 0 ..t:i -~ ~ ·< -~ :::0 C rn 2 cS ...., CD 0 r 3: m r- :z ...., "T') 0 70 ► \, ~ ,-.. -~ /. 7' �r • • STATE OF VIRGINIA, ( TOWN TO .:::-,J .. ~ lJ7hereas. . . . . . . . . . . . . .... complaint and fr,jonnation THE ..,,, - !: . ... CHIEF OF HARRISONBURG, O~OLICE . OR ( ANY ..... . ......... ~.~ .. (~¼ OF SAID TOWN: , of tlie sctid town, has this day made ~.~ .. ~f tlie said town, on the . ........... 190.c.?.. : in said town did .. ~ .. ~ ...... THE Mayor of the said town that .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................... ........ ~~.,(r_¾. POLICEMAN ~~............ on oat/1,before me, 0. B. ROLLER, TO-WIT: ~ .. ~7·····~···~~ day of ~7··· ... 7 ~ ..~ ..~....~~-·-·;P-·····'···~········~~ .... ,?.-?,.~/· .t ...... . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . .•. . . . . • . . . . ... (! . ................ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . M.............. .. ..... ... ....... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................ . ' . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' .................................................................................. These are therif01·e in the 11arnenf the Commonwealth rif Vfrginia, hend and bring before me or some other Justice tlie body of tlie said . .. to ansice1· tlw sa·id cornplaint and to be fitr·tlier dea~itli Gi1,·en i111dermy ha11d and seal this.-~- ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·.•· ................................. named . ......... , .... ~( . .... day of. ........ to appre- ~... 4~ ~ ~......... ...... ~ ........ .. 190 ... .. ~ ?.. ...l; ............... . (SlfAL.) l .1.1fayo1·. day of .... ....... ,J. .(. -~. ?:~ .......... Summon tlie foll.owing witnesse:s : .............................. E.cecuted this . ... to command yoit forthwitli acco1·ding to law. . . • .. .. .. . ' ;(. . ..... -/ i. :": ....... ............................................ ( ........................... . . , 190 .... , by an·esting the above /2..~ ....:............ ......................... and bringing . .... ·~ .. ~ ........... bif 01·e . t ....·.......................................... . Jiulgmen t on tlie . .. £. ~ay ·of . .✓• #.~ Defendant . . .U.~ . .t(}. ....d.L ..~~- .~ ~- .......... , 190 . .S.-:-:, ... .fowid. ~ ..... ..~1:-:t.~ guilty 11._pon tlie tlie testimony on oath of ................................................... . �r • f I ~~ (' ; j (\ ' 1 \ ~ \ '------r \,. i ' '( ~ . !v )/ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Alexander Black Description An account of the resource Defendant charged with felony theft. Subject The topic of the resource Felony Theft Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_004_065 Black Coffman https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_009_281-commonwealth-v-a-toliver-and-m-jacobs.pdf 82063eb2784c6b5c8107830a79586eaf PDF Text Text ' CaotiOl!WlULTS OP VIRCilllA: • ~ Rooltlllghom lb• Sbu1f1' fo Count;,, Greetib@: You are bereby OO&mlindedto au•on ~1b ♦ rt to •PP••r before tbe and llillnio Tol1Ttr of tho C1rcu1 t Court Jll4go at tbe Court Houee thereof, Jonuary, 1926, to en•••r you atend tbie yon aholl eod Lbort tbia W1tr,,ee, llouae, et 10 o'cloolt, the Colllllonwoelth •·•·• of Book111f!b•m County, on th• 6th day of ot the mie4ome,nor of whiob 1"41otod. ad tb•n Jaooba J. ,. not omit 'IUlder the of 1100. ~04 BUCJCBURB,Clerk of our ~•id Court, et tho Court 1926, om to tbe 160th year of Lile Commonweal th. I lrVa' /..( ~---- .. ~ ..... ..... l:t... "l .... .,. . ::'. I~ ~ " ... ,; ~ "' ~ • ~ ~ t ;• 1:,-, , ~J ~ ...__ "' ~ ~,. ' '-,,..i " ~ ·i " i ' ~~ ;,~ :'G'\~' "· ...; ._.. ' ~ ~ ..... " .., ~ ~ ~ "" ~ -~~ ~~ ~ ·,J • !~~ ~l'-...j~ N ~~,' • i' PTO llrlt. 26th de;y ot .D.oodior, the penalty \ • 1 • Clerk. �• • '• • .u .... • ! .... • : o ,:lfa't•d O ,:aTJ • tt ~ ~ f. t, • . '? ". • I I • ' ~ \ .......___ 1~ ' .. -~ • '- l' \> ~~ \c,. 't ~ a I • 9.[ •• --------"--.....-- ., . ... • l • #n 0 # . !?l dl ...~ [' • . • ~~ ~ -ie { f ' ~ ',r l �•• In the Nume or 1he Commonwc:llrh of Virginia: To rl•e SherlU 91 R1~k.hi&1!\l'l.mCetunty, (,reelllll(; I, 0111 ,,. 1,rf,~r,· /J♦r ,/111/fl' ,,f 11,,('iffttil IJ,,,ut>IJ;, r-,•,,J.1.1t10 ,,'rl ,f•I..,, ,,.,, Ott ii,,. • f• I ''11' """"' • 1111, ci.•r 'wi/1" -,.111✓1 ('1ur1I 11/' l,,,,.f,•o•!/IH111 I'/ I ,.f ,., tirn, 1,f • f ,.,,/W ,I(, __,;c,/to/ 1H-II I/Ii, ,,ml l)u,·,· I/,;& U'1lt lllt,1 / y,,fl "' f ,I i- t•t ·r1. r1[ 11,,r IIL -H'A"l:l"U,\' d2-,../ · 1,11;..,.r,;,,d ,,. '"' ✓ ~' l ... 1(,/ ('mttl ~JJ,~ ' �•• �• ' • CC!.!UO!l'll!:r..:::raOF VIR~IltL,. COLlJTY01'' ?.OC.ll J:f.Ut, I11 tne ClrouJ. t. Co12rt. 01 S~ld ot t o Coant., Count:,: of !oo..c1Dg'nam, Mild now attend.in!! a1. 1-:e Oa"ober Aloert to-w1 t: l';,25, tdrm, 'I'ollver, on t.he u.p;,i:~ t!letr - .i1!ti 111~:lu Jaoobe, vot a,ud, being laeolviouel \hf.$ ,..rri~4 1•r-e1er-.t t.J et d.a; o! /-,1.,~•• lvwdl.y catbs f!sid Coi;.:-t i!I th• tores,id, c,11111,1 ... 6.BL"·Olat.!! aud. :i;,t-,.nuit. with ealtl Albert to ~oh e,:al -~ :l:ft pot,ce Tolh·,r oti~r .. ,d of on, ~Pd !Jl!'..nle 0:tlCL'bB ,1ur1J.o all 4lgnlt_ did the time !i:tor,, .. iho :omuo!lW••ltl:. Of 71ro;ln!a • V .,_hh1 ltdictuent Ar:i.ton. ••· 1. Bi¥Orr· it, court Gree,.., ia round on t.ne t ce"tl;nnny ot Jen, .L. "~ ,t'ri..:rtt. )And aent. b"to:-e a.nd :. 't.bt.i ersud U. Jilz:tr, jary .=i -.vitnee-aee to gl.-e eVtdeuoe. �• .' ,. • • •' "y =' "i," ►" ':o- lil ., .. .., ~ -...... ..."' "' • t.,. ► 0 ~ - ' .. ... ... "' - • 0 Q ... ..- "' ... "' "' • .,• 0 O' .. a .... ... " "' "., ::: 0 .. .. .. .. ... ........ .,.. ... " " ., .. g "' .. e: 0 0 • ., 0 ~ 11 .. ~ <., V C .,. ., 0 ~Cl ;, p. ii < �~ ~---• -,,,.,1,., • .-1 .. C.·• I'·,,. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases Description An account of the resource This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years. Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1778-1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ccr001 Ccr002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Rockingham County Circuit Court Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1925 Title A name given to the resource Commonwealth v. Albert Toliver and Minnie Jacobs Description An account of the resource Defendants charged with misdemeanor cohabitation. Subject The topic of the resource Misdemeanor Cohabitation Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rockingham County Criminal Court Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available JMU Libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.<br /><a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jennifer Taylor Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCR001_009_281 Jacobs Toliver