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&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
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                    <text>C0.1lM0.1.IWEA LTE OF VIRGIN IA,

COU'ITY OF ROCK! ' GHAM , to-wit:
I n the Circu.i t Court of said Co:.u1ty:
The grand jurors in and

or t he bod y o f said c ount y

of Rocking ham and now attendi ng said court at its Octobe r term ,
I

1925, upon t heir oaths do presen t that Ra ymond Strick ler,
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year n exft (_prior to the finding of this i ndictm ent , in the said
Collnt y

of

Rocking ham, d i d unlawf ully manufa cture, sell, offer ,

keep, store and expose for sale, gi ve away, transpo rt, dispen se ,
solic i t, advert ise and receive orders for a rdent spirits , a gainst the pe a ce and dignity of the Commonwe al th of Vir ginia .
The jurors a fo resaid up on their oa t hs aforesa id d o
fur t her p r esent that Raymond St rickilie r,
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li• 111,, within one year J!ex t pri o r t o the find-

ing of this , indictm ent , in the said county of Rocking ham, di d
unlawf ully have in their posses sion a rd ent spirits , agains t the
peace and dignity of the Commonweal th of Virgin i a.
The jurors af or esaid upon their oaths afores aid do
furthe r presen t that Raymond Stric kler ,~•
,epQ

i ng

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i • soi, , within on e year next ;r ior to the find-

this ind ictmen t, in the said county of Ro ckingha m , did

unlawf ul l y rec e ive ardent spirits , a gains t the peace and dignity
of the Commonwealtp. of Virgin ia.

This indic tment is found on the te s timony of J . L.
Dirtin g and

c.

W. Dove, wi t n e sses sworn in court and sent before

the grand jury to give evidenc e .

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Octob er t er m, 1925

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D. W. Ear nan
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
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                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
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                    <text>I

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port, dispense, ~01 cit, a dvertis e and receive orders for ardent
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tiror·s aforesaid llpon their o ths afore .... id do

resent that

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pell man, wi hin one 1ear nex

his indictment , in the said count

kingham, did unlawfull have in his poss_ession ardent

spirits,

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ommonwealth of

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�Arrest Warrant
Commo nwealth of Virginia
R?cking ha~ County} To-Wit
City of Harrisonb urg

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complaint and in

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··········- ................................of the said city, has this day made
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........................192 ~in the said county did

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These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth of

, to answer the said complaint and to be further dealt with according to law. '
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to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Co~
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Execute d the within warrant by arresting and deliverin g the body of

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�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:

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to appear before the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Gou-rt

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who stan ds char jfed with and indi cted
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of oul' said Cour t, at the Cou rt Hou
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                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                    <text>COlll'.W

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C

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,

r TY 01: ROCKI JTG_:_

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t o - wit :

I n the Si rcui t Cour t of sa i d ; Ou1ty :
The g r a n d j u r o rs i n an

f o r tte bo t y of s aid c oun t y of

Ro ckingham and. n ow atten,,._ i ng s a id Court at it s Febru ary t erm ,
1930, up on t : e i r oaths do p r esent t ha t Raymond Yancey , on or

ab out the

0'

d ay of

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Rock i n cham , unl awful ~

ope r ate :

19Jb , d i d , i n sa i d c ounty of
a u t omob il e whil e un de r t h e

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of

t Le Common Je a l th of Vi r ·~i n i a .

':2h i s i nd ic tment i s f ound on t h e t est imony of

1
,: .

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F • • ~aff , and P . ~ - Naff , n i t n esse s sworn i n ~ourt a n d sent
befo r e the " rand j u.r y t o __:; ive evidence .

�pro oc
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I nd ic tment

r.taymond Yancev

Mis demeanor
Feuru.a r y term, 1 930

11.

True Bi l l :

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ommonwealth ' s Attorney

�Arrest Win-rant ,, ·•
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Commonwealth -of Virginia,

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, a Constable of said County:

Whereas,
_ --=-- - - ~-=-.-- ---'---' -~'--,-- .. f the said County, has this day made
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a Justice of the
said County, that~=-"'=---+--·.,.,
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These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth o Virginia, to command you forthw
ith to
apprehend and bring before, me or some other Justice of the said County, the body of
the said

to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, on the examination touchin
g the said
offence.
Given under my hand and seal this _____

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Com.mo~wealth
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Judgment
That the Defendant found guilty and fined
and costs as follows :

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wl' tnesses Attendence and Mileage ....................'

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of · Jlocltingham County, and by sum•
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rs
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mon!ng the with.in . name w1 nesses m pe on

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................................. ................
Constable of Rockingham County

1,·._·=;:==-"i!======;=p.

�1930

FEB
co:w.ro EW'EA.LTH
Y.

Misdemeanor

RADIOBD' _Y JllUr

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I

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/

�</text>
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                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Commonwealth v. Reuben Harrison</text>
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robe

ras stolen

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in the

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that

if

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affords

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po::-,session

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and in

order

to account

to repel

for

they

and rec~ntly

1908,

of the
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believe

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this

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The Court instructs
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the credibility

the jury

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they have any, their
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their

statements,

their

circumstances

appearing

to the testimony
deem proper

their

the weight

of the

to the narties

apparent

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9

if

their

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their

or unreasonableness
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in the result

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be given to
opposite

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testify

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relationship

intelligence,

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to

7hen witnesses

to the testimony

at aver-

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lv-e,t."'/..,,.

is not bound to regard

their

on the witness-stand,
apparent

and of the

of ito

as evenly balance

the weight
take

vitnesses

or any part

to each other,
evidence

they are the sole judges

of the

the evidence

the jury that, in arriving

of

the surrounding

and to give or deny credit

as, under the circumstances,
as they think

propero

they may

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�The Court instructs

th.e jury as a matter

are not to go beyond the evidence
entertain

such doubts

reason.able
evidence

to hunt up doubts,

as are merely chimerical

doubt must be based upon the evidence
essential

not be an 9.rbitrary
be serious

to proof of the guilt
doubt without

and substantial

to believe
non-essential

to find

a verdict

circumstances.,

fact

or fa~ts

that

they

nor are they to

or conjectural.
1

A

or on the absence

to sustain

to warrant

of' con\·iction

a

of the accused.

evidence

in order

must be a doubt of a material

of

it.

an acquitalo

necessary

of

It must
It must
It

for the ju_ry

and not of innr.aterial

and

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circurrntantial

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instructs
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that

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it

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absolutA
and f0monstrative
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ori t .A mi 1r~_q of thn ju y

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ofl'?A':.S9 chc...r )P,d, to

01:

of ~:tilt

that

ess8:itial

jury

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pro

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btt

it

uce

a mora 1

~ornr:irrni.on

th0

of

-:.hA AAclusion

by

&amp;

is

by t,.A

rP.a. 0. c1.DlA
0

doubt~

th9

prisoner

thP pr1Bo~~r

undArt&amp;kAs to prov.
to stst&amp;in

n t, :, i s fy t h 0. mi :1 . s of

sue

plAa by

t h P Jury ,

•

t

a1 alibi
AVit

0

P

burdAn

~cA suffici9Ylt

is

on
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�</text>
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                    <text>cm, .m NWE.ALTH OF VIRGI NIA ,

COUNTY OF ROCKINGF.Ji.M , to - wit :
I n the Circui t Court of said Count y :
The gran d j u ro:r,sin and f or the body of
sai d county of Ro cki ngham and n ow a t tending sa id Cou r t
at its Februa r

term , 1927 , up on t heir cnths do p rese nt

that Reuben Roadcap ,

z.

R. Raines , Jr . , and John R.

Raines , within one year next pr ior to t he findin g of
this i ndictm e nt , in the sa i d county of Rockin gham , did
unlawf ully and fe lon iously manufa c ture di s ti lled. ardent
s piri t s , a gainst the peac e and di gnity of t he Common wealth of Virgin ia.

This i ndic t me nt i s f ound on the test i mony
~ /),,&lt;.;t;-. ~
of J . L. Dirtin g , a witne s s swo rn in Court and. sent be 1.,.
,1
fore tr e grand j u ry to give evidenc e .

�Proh i b ition - M:fg .

i

Commonwealth

]

Reuben Roadc ap
z. R. Ra i nes , Jr .
John R. Raines

v)

Indictme nt
l(..,,......,,,, ,./.-1
/,..

d

/~ ' a.,

Felony
----:~

Februa ry t erm , 1927

A True Bill:

£;:zo. (J' / J ~
Foreman

'4

·1 ,

I

D. W. Earnan
Commonwe alth ' s Attorney

I

�Commonwealth of Virginia .
vs .

John R.

aines
Cha rge to the

If you find the accused , John R. Raines , not guilt
ou will say s o , amd no mor e .
f you find h i m guilt
ou

ill so and fi x his puni shment by confi nement in the

p enitentia r y for a
more

a s charged in the i ndi tment

n fiv e

eri d of not l ess t ha n one yea r nor

ears , or in your discret i on by confinement

i n 'ail for a period of not less than six months nor more
than twelve months and by a fine not exceeding $500 . 00 .

�Commonwea lth
vs .

J ohn R. Rai ne s .

Charge to the Jur y . ·

�In the Name of the Commonwealt h of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:

You, are hereby conHnmided to su-1nmon ...

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t;i; ::::,:, o~: :~, ~::::~ ..

c:;1·.J/J:;c::;~:;~::l/:2'. .~~

tl~\~'~J/

to testify and the y ; : ! ~ n behalf of the Commonwealth before the Gra,nd Ju, y

~Ci?.i~
who stands /l~,~;~~ ·~ith and indicted f or a f elony

?:

ff~

misdemeanor .

•····· ...shall not omit iinder the penalty of £100 . .11.ncl have then
.11.nd this .........~
Writ.
a ncl there this
Witness, J . F. BL.11.CKBUR.N', Cle1'7c of our SlLicl Cou,rt, a,t the Cou,rt House, the

1-,{c day of

~LfJ., . .. , 19; ~

....

News. Record. Harri~onbur~. Va .

nd in the

J$L~ of the

Commonwealth.

... . . .. . . . . . . . ......

., Clerlc.

d ·:'8.. ••· •· ....

�Exeouted

?%f ,/-'f,/f;27. by d e liv e r ing a truG&gt; Copy of th~

'
. =
• - ,:a •··
~~
WltRln
S u mmons
to wa-r-r-··
f -

.... .· •

\

~

/

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~

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~ ~

1

...,

10

~

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i

....

, ....
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t

·~~

~

�In the Name of the Commonwealt h of Virginia:
To th e Sheriff o f Rockingham County, Greeting :

.You, are hereby com1111anded to summon .

········••·•··•····••·•· · ·••••·••··········· · . l :

7:_~~·················- -_::••••••·• ·• · ·• · ··· ··.·.....

to appear before the Judje of the Circuit Court of Rockinjham County, at the Court
House thereof~ at 10 o'clock, a . m., on t h e... ~ ~ ~ a,y of'. .. ~ .'. . ... 19 .,2-.Y
o f the Commonw ealth aj(J,inst . ................................................. .
///~F
.. .L./"
..
.....

YE?~ ... .

who stands chartej with ancl indicted for a felony 'mi-sru,mm;n-or.
·
.11.nd this .... ~ .... shall not omit under the penalty of £100. .11.nd have then
and there this Writ.
Witness, J. F . B L .11.CKBUR.N, Clerk of our said Co7-:1J,,,JJ't the Court House, the
,Y'.~
ay of'. ........... .''!;::/.(,.d.✓. d-.✓.:..'.
1 9.
and in the Jf7'.....ff(/year of the Commonwealth.

~7,

.... ,

9 ·.~

News-Record. Harrisonburg. Va.

b

/3..,,.__.

. . - r : &lt; - , ~ ~~ - ' ? . /•'--7'7 .... .......... ....... . ,

Clerk.

�Execu ted

'i'd,2, 1t:.lf4 z

by d_ ll v ri n g

H
w it h i n vu m mo n c ·to.~~

,_

.,., _

tr u

.

C o p y of the

. I ,_
~.:~ ~
~

In pe, so .

�. !d t "
'"

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tA~! t2t1~

y

0

J/

✓

�In the Circuit Court of Rockingham County,
....... Tenn

I90

!/,is day presented in Courl an account agaiust t!te .Court

(!/ Rockingham for the sum of$..

. ............. , for Service .. .

w ltidt being sworn to, was examined aud approved by the Court, and ordered lo be certified to the Treasurer of

this county for payment.

,,

.. ......... ................... Clerk.
Form 192-Be rlin .

���IC·
.It,
..... ,
/t,tC

- _1,)''

"'

- . r.

(

,.,.

~

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-. . .

) r\ ·.

'

I

t

�:;-•
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,

.

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t
l

I

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'
....
.,,......

'

..._

..,-- .

�</text>
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                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
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                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
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                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293154">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Reuben Thornhill</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293155">
                <text>1810</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293156">
                <text>Sell Alcohol</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293157">
                <text>Defendant charged with selling by retail spiritous liquors.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293158">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293159">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293160">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="293161">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293162">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293163">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293164">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293165">
                <text>Ccr002_001_080</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1510">
        <name>Thornill</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
