<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=134&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle" accessDate="2026-09-03T10:59:34+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>134</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>4768</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="3366" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3180">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/60854a9adddec493f73d94d5165e7688.pdf</src>
        <authentication>959dbd5395bb84d9ddc5b77000687911</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48605">
                    <text>CO MMONWEALT H OF VIR GI NIA
,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM , to
-w it :
In t h e Ci rc ui t Co ur t of
sa id Co un ty :
Th e ju ro rs of the Common
we al t h of Vi rg in ia
i n an d f or th e bo dy of
sai d co un ty of Ro ck ing ha
m a nd now
at te nd in g s a id Co ur t at
its Oc tob er ter m , 19 32 ,
up on th ei r
oa t hs do pr es en t th at Ru
ss ell Tu rn er, on or ab ou
t th e {,
da y of ~
, 19 32 , in sa id co un ty,
did un law f ul ly
op er ate ~
om ob ile wh ile un d er th e
infl ue nc e of ar de nt
sp iri ts , ag ai ns t the pe
a ce an d di gn ity of th e
Commonwealth of Vi rg in ia .

Th is i nd i ct men t is fo un
d up on th e te s7 on y
of Ch as. S . Mu nd y, Mrs .
Ch as . S . Mun dy , an_d O.
P . Ga rd ne r,
wi tn es se s sw orn in Co ur
t an d se nt be fo re the gr
an d ju ry to
giv e ev i de nc e .

�oc

Com
v) Indi ctme nt
Ru ssel l Turner

Misdem eano r
Octo ber term, 1932

Witne sses :
11',Chas. S . Mundy
Y&gt;frs . Chas . s . Mun dy
Vo . P . Gard ner

D. w. Earman
Commonw ealth 's Atto rney

�Arrest Warrant

These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia, to command you forthwith t&lt;;&gt;
apprehend and bring before, me or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said

a:tl~;:~_;;••quITed
h
~
p
::::::h::t c]£t~
. . .... . ... . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .... ... . ..... . . . . .. .. . ... . .. . . ... ... . ... . . . .... .... . . . . . . . .. .. .... .. . . . . .... . .
·····························
································~ ··· · ~·· ··························· ··························· ·····················································

................... ... ... ... . . . . .&amp; . .

to appear and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, o.n the examination touching the said
·
~, -._ •
,
offence.
Given under my hand and seal this ......../ ..J.. . . . .....day of..- z ; f . . ~...... ~....: in the year 19..5.6.....
-c7/ M.'.. ~vL/ ..........J. P. [Seal]

.,

. .. . . .. ... . . . . .... . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . .. .//. 9.· ·:. .

.

�STATE OF VIRGINIA-COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, TO-WIT:
a Justice of the Peace In and for the

I,

County of Rocking ham, Virginia, do hereby certify th at ............................,.~ ..................': ...........................................and
his sure t ........,

.

have this day acknowledged themselves ' Indebted to the Commonwealth of Virginia In the sum of....... .

.

..,

.

.

.............................................·................. Dollars ($.................................... ) to be made and levied of th('&gt;lr goods and chatThat the sa'td ..: ............. ............................................................ shall appear before the under-

tels, upon this condition:

.,- -'

sig ned or the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, on the .................... day of................................................, 19 ........,
and not leave hence w ithout leave of the sai«!, Court, to answer the charge In this warra nt, or to await the
a ction of the Grand Jury of the said County upon the within charge.
~

Gi ven under my hand this, the ................day of...................................................., 19............•

: · ··~···· · · · ·i '

t

,)

t-

~
~e ...
,0

\

e.

..

,0

...

.i::

i

~
§
u

,0

...

.i::

i::

i
(lJ

~"')

~

·~.
....

.i::

~ ~

~~
I~ i

~ ,. l

. . J' \

OI

:;:u
J!Jl
......
M

~-gti=
i:,,

p ...

Q

Jl

,.0

'·
~i
"-! ~!...
. "'
.
=
::.l "'.,.
t'
.
;
.:s ~

,,;.

"'

...:=

i::

~

~
.:
~ :

~

1&gt;11

i::

·=
Q

E!
E!

=

r/l

:

"f"i

.,;.

•

'O

.. t
..."'
. ~"'. i" ..."'l::.
u ..,= &lt;

Q

" !:
',("
1&gt;11
,0

~

~. u
:
:
~
:a...- ~ .i'

~

~!

~.,. ~
.,.

. i::

~
.:
h-..

s

l!I

'°
'~

;,.,

bl)

-

~

~

it:

~.;!,=

. ~

i1. ~f~

...

~ ~ .s

S::

,0

,0

......

~: ~:

.,.

i::

..... ...

~!

.,.

~

...

....i::

-~

1lE!

....:c. -=

to

~

...

M

fol

' s

:

. '- '' S::
Ir--..

.s ~ ~- ~

..=... .

it:

,0

E!
.i::

1&gt;11

'O
.. 'O

:

.....

t.)

......E.

1! ~

,:

g ·;:,...

,,

.i::

.;
i::

.

~

.

::

:

.s

..Ci'

i ...
..

~
:: ;Q
~
~
'u
i

. ;,.,

•

• "'
;,.,. "'
.....
S::

.. •

.i:: ..
... .i::

___,____

i::
;,.,~
-

~'°

-~.

.E

!.
&lt;

~

...

1111

• l:..

Q

_g

,0

=~
,.0

it:;,.,
'O

::r:

J. P.

···:····················•
-~ \·~

•

•

-.,.:
...

.
~

~

.
...
Q

"'

~

"'"'
~

~

"'
:i::

...

.
it:

i::

..

"'

i -..,·.;
~

Q

u

Ji...

~

i::

.;

,0

~

...

•

Q

'O

....

.;

~

�Common wealth of Virginia:
You "' hmby comm~d,d to ,ummon

~

••:7•~

:nty,

G,ooting,

·~:• •i5C·••;;i••~ •;;•• o•~c«~
who stands charged wi~h a . indicted for a felony misdemeanor.
And this ............... ....... ......... . ... shall not omit under penalty of £100.
there this Writ.
Witness, JriROB¥T SWITZER, Clerk. of our sai~
day of .

~

19 ~ ~ nd in the 15

.

f' l l . PRUS . HA.ARISONBUR C. , YA

at the Court Home, the / ~

r~~

J.

7
t;t:

And have then and

~

of tje Com;10111z;1ltlJ..

~
Clerk

�~

5"
'C

.,

....~

(I)

::J

0
C:

(/)

(I)

C:

(IJ

3

0

i'

3

;

0

'\

\

0

::,
CII

rT

0

/ ;1 3-- 'J

fI

X

,.

I

�CIRCUIT COURffef&gt;F1 ~~~ KINGHAM COU
NTY
....... ................. ...... .... ......... .Term , 19

. ... . .... ~ , _fp &lt;:d , fl

has been sworn in open court as a witness befor
e the Gr nd
Jury.
•·

j

.-

,,

/

Clerk .

��CIRCUIT COURT OF ROCKINGHAM COU
NTY

OC r 1

1932
........................... ...7
... ........... Term , 19 ...

/4 ~ '.~

has been sworn in open court as a witne s
Jury.

d ........ .
eforc the Gran d

Clerk .

��.

,...-

,. . ~

,

\

/_

CIRCUIT COURT. OF ROCKING
HAM CO UN TY

,-OC ,11.J~,..2

....•. \ ......,. •..• &lt;:.: .. '- •...... • •. .•...•
•.•. Term ,

19 ..... .

. . .. .... . .... ..h . . .i . l ~ . . ..

has been swo rn in open cour t as a
witness before the Gra nd
Jury .

Cler k.

��CIRCUIT COURT OF ROCKING
HAM CO UN TY

ocr- 11

1c

..... ..... t),(i k ~. . . . . . . . ..
has been swo rn in open cour t as a
witness before the Gran d
Jury .

�.,,

�OCT

r

1932

COMMONWEALTH

)

v.

RUSSELL TURNER

Misdemeanor

(Pro
oc .) _

-J -.//;- ,k

,_.- (,t ,-~
tt~Ut,
tt,e.
.. .{~ /tit.f~
1_.t{ te-l

/l,-z, ,

(6

-E O c ft::~f " l
I

n

I&gt;'

-i- /

�(
/

/
I

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38080">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Russell Turner</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38081">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38082">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="38083">
                <text>guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="38084">
                <text>operated an automobile under the influence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38085">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38086">
                <text>1932</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38087">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38088">
                <text>RcPr-box10-020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38089">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38090">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38091">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="294">
        <name>Turner</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3367" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3181">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/b2089c944525e5c8fb31e512658702c6.pdf</src>
        <authentication>12c195d4324d3caae1f1cfcaa05ba512</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48606">
                    <text>COMMO NWEALTH OF VIRGI NIA,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wi t:

In the Circu it Court of said Coun ty:

l,

The grand juror s of the Commonwealth of Virgi nia, in
and for the body of said count y of Rocki ngham , and now atten
ding said court at its April term, 1932, upon their oaths do
prese nt that Russ ell Turne r, on or about t h e _ day of _
_ __
193 Y , in said count y, did unlaw fully have in his posse ssion
about one pint of arden t spiri ts (moon shine liquo r), again
st the
peace and digni ty of the Com:nonwealth of Virgi nia.
This indic tmen t is found on the testim ony of D&amp;n
Shif flett and S. F. Newman, witne sses sworn in court and sent
be f ore the grand jury to give evide nce.

,

,. ,

•
•

�T

I

Poss.
Commonwealth

v) Indictment
Russell Turner

r
,!

Misdemeanor
April term, 1932

,I

A

True Bill:

u~

{I

Foreman

Witnesses:

s.

F. Newman

Dan Shifflett

D. W. Earman

Commonwealth's Attorney

�Commonwealt h of Virginia:

:.

·.: ~ ~.··:.:::::::·· .:: :.::::.::: :.:::.·.:
..

..

..

...

-: :::

to appear before the Judge of the C-rc it Court of Rockin gham Count y, at the Court House thereof,
at 10 o'clock, a. m., on the. ff . ay o(
~::&gt;---~
19 #.

.Ll

to testify and~

a,:e._beh47:I'):_::; __mon~eal

·· ··· ··l.f·.······ ·· ····· ···· ·· ·•··•• ···•• ··•··· ······ ········ ·············· ···· ·····••·~

who stands charged with

J.-'

before the GRAND JURY

··· ······· ··· ··· ·· ···· ···. ·· ··········· ·

f/,i~d~cted for a felony misdemeanor.

And this.... ..... ...... · · ~ · · · .... shall not omit under penalty of £100.

And have" then and

~~~
Witness, J, ROBERT SWITZER, Clrrk of our said Court , at the Court House, thr

J,y

of

Ir,

P a L. PRE S S , HMlfltl SO NB URG, VA

1,f ?--'~J;,,

fh,

p
1........... .

}Zt/4i-~ ~-Cl"k
/

�i:..xec uteo ~

..

within Summ ons to

?

u

-f

by delive ring a true Cop

::dl4: :7 " ' ; c : C ~ M

.,qr~

,.•..Jn oerso n

--

1
\~
'\

~

~

~

~
-1

¾
~

~ '

~
.· ~

i

·~

;

�In the Name of the Common wealth of Virginia:
You are hereby commanded to summon

17
_ .... t:7J_
.. .T
..·.o... .t
. .. -s::?r.
....~;.

S heriff o f R ocki ngham C oun ty, Greeting:

·g ~;;u jffe ~:::: : : : : : : .
Rocking ham

at the Court Honse thereof,
19 . ~ , , _

who stands charged_J:}j- a~d indicted fo r a jJ:JMty misdem eanor.
And this .. .. -~
.. ....... .. .. shall not omit 1111der /nnalt -y of £ 100 .
there this Writ.

And have thrn and

Witness, / ROBE~VT S\VJTZER , Clerk of our said~!, at the Court Home, the
day of . .
19 7 ,4 nd in the
~
r J f the so111·17__nwealt~

~

P

a L. PRES S, HARRI SO NB URG . VA

150

[J..-( lj?~ ~

~

j!:o ~
-~ _

, Clerk.

�- 1 93
c.xecuw~

within Summons to

~

~

.,....-,~Z' ~~ ?r:~ ~ , h - - v ~"

In person.

1

'\'

~

by delivering a true Copy of

~

~

~

~

~i

/

�\

U--1-/U.41-'t,--

!J~ffeh~ ~~,4

APR

~/~ !_lJ
~,t'}d

C0M110:t-f.fEALTH

fl-~:t., .j- ()

V•

Misdr.

RUSSELL TtRIB R

/

/

I

-,
,

,

(Pro•)

poss.

�\

,

~-- - - -------

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38092">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Russell Turner</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38093">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Not Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38094">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="38095">
                <text>not guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="38096">
                <text>posession of ardent spirits-moonshine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38097">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38098">
                <text>1932</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38099">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38100">
                <text>RcPr-box10-021</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38101">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38102">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="38103">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="294">
        <name>Turner</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2865" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2680">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/483428a2b1efc3c21c1f520cdcee89a5.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f581a777c2630931bef689a2474d14d2</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48105">
                    <text>J

S'.f.'ATE

1

VI GI H
OU

Y O

, , to - wit :

_ C IN

I n the Ci rcu it Court of said coun ty :
he
.of

r

d jurors i n and for th

bod

of said count
pril

said court at its

qc·k inghru;-i and now at t endin

I

term , 1922 , u p on their oaths, do presen t tmt Russe ll Vi a
·
4i44..C ,
find - and-"Plt1l!l.\tii Shiff l ett vvi t hi n one ye a r ne xt prior to the
, '
ing o f this i n dictme nt , in .th e sai ,d, count of Rockin gham,
.)

d id u n l awful l y manuf act ure , sell , 00:f e r , kee , store and
eJ,,.rpose for sale, ,· v e away, transp or t , d is pense , solic it,

.,

a dver ti se and re c eive ord e r s for a r d e11t spirit s ,

ainst t he

ommonwea lt h of Virgin ia ,

peace and digni ty of t he

AND T ""' G

0

JU 0 .. S

lFORE .:. ID U"'D

TH~ I

I , do furthe r pres ent t h t . ussel l Vi a

, HS

'-l·c...":(

d 3 tell

Shiffl e tt within one ye r n e x t pr ior to t he fi ni ing of this
i nd ictme nt, in · e said county of Rockin gham , did u n lawfu ll y have i n their posse ssion a still , still c a , worm ,
~
and used
~
connec
s
ce
plian
a
r
he
, fenn en t er , and o
with ~
- ~

'V&gt;,'

~'.

-:..~

sti ll, v1ith ou t having the s
·.;:-1,'.I ...., ~

t er
i!J9ffi~ 1.f~Sl-~~
·,
. ·v .

e-a

with t he Pro hi bi ti on Commissione r and wtth -

out a p ermit to own t he same , a
of th e Co

e regist e r ed ~vith the

i ns t the peace and di 0 nity

onweal th of Vir gi.ni · •

This indict ment i s fo und on the testi mony of S . F .
ewma n , W. L . Dillar d an d "
court and sent befor e

e

nB ,

witne sses sworn i n

and jury to

i e evi den c e •

�Viol . Pro • .Ac ts
Co mmom,'✓eal

v.

~

~

'

l

L•"'~
I '· ) .,
" 'i

$:~

. ~~

L

, ,

~ ~

0

...
true bill

~

'\.,

ar eman

.J

+.,

.....

f'-,
., )

+:,

-,.,

•· ·l

...

..,

~~
~ ., 1
~

.,,

.)

•--!

~

~ ~

~

.....

,dfii~ ·

+,

~

• '

I

il t enn, 1922 •

~

'

..._,.

.:is d emeanor

1
~

Inlic tment

ussell Vi a
~Oils Shiff l ett

-I

·- ..

~

J

th

D. W• .;:;arman

Commonwe al th ' s Attor ne

··•

�CO MM ON WE ALT H OF VIR GIN
IA,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, Towit:
T o the She riff of Roc king ham Cou
nty, Gr eeti ng.

.

Wh er cas ........

S........1!....~ - - - -·· · ¥ ···~

:...

.:/A.!.~ U,c. . ,.4 4 ..... . .....

app earcd befo re

111e ,

C~~~ . ,_

a J us ic~ L~ }~ 1~ in a nd for
the said
a~ e c~ pl ai ~~ t~ at
he has ,·ea son to bclicr t or'd
cnt spirits ar~
~

;. ~ in'#';,:;.~

&amp; '? . ·' '"'.

These ~ f &lt; } /e ~
~

e

Il e

z.::..,;, J:{J;Jp
! r h ,~,,. J_],.,i£~a:,~

n e of tfie ~ u no n wea lth t ~1
1~ nd

· ~·· · · · ··· ·· · · ···· · · ···
· ···· · · ···· ··· ····· ·

you f o r t ~ sca rfh said

···· · ·· ·· ·· · · · ·· ·· ·

···· · ·· · ·· ·· ··· · · · ···· ··· ;,: ·; ··· •· ·· ···
····· · ·· · ·· •· · · ······ ·· · · · · ·• ·• ·· · · ·· ··
for ardeft spir its and if suc h ard
·
ent spir its are fou nd, to take them
into
you
'tQ i!Mt:@ iai9 'P i ~ y1;1w
r pos sess ion 8-ftd. sl8'&amp;
;i;: ~1;1ee@ssi.eu and brin g the
-said ard ent spir its and the per son
son s in who se pos sess ion they
or per ar e fou nd befo re m e, or som e
othe r JusJ1ce of said Cou nty, to
ans wer the said com plai nt and
to be furt her dealt wit h accord ing
to I~,v.
Giv en und er my l~an d this .., ~
.day of.. .~
...... ...... ....... ...........·....., 192 /t.
;

_

r!lj;J...a

u

. ~ ~······ ······ ···(SE AL)

~t/ 17

J.P .

- ...,

�--·-·· ·-··-·· ·····--····· ·---···-·--·····---·-······- --·· ·-----······ ----····-·

�STATE NORMAL SCHOOL
HARR ISONB URG, VA

CHEMICAL LABORATORY

RE PO RT OF AN AL YS IS

..............................
T H E SAM PLE OF ..............................
.......... .................... ........................................

..................................... SU BM ITTE D

BY

DETE RMIN ATIO N
....... , ....................................... FOR THE

.................... .................................................
OF .................... .............................. ..........

.......... ....... SHO WS THE

FOLL OWI NG ANA LYSI S :

.,

_pc---

REM ARK S :

v9

..:J -

~ ~ ~

~
COR REC T TO
FOR EGO ING ANA LYSI S IS
I HER EBY CER TIFY THA T THE
DG~ .
THE BEST OF MY KNO WLE

.
Orn~.£.

?-. t ,

192

~

. ~'. C •·:·· ........'. :. . . . .~ ; : ysy· ....

•

.

�. . .'..,

f-.f~. ·.
,·

./

✓
v\.--

v.
-(,. °'
'

~ C)

{

"

":'r
'--

(,..

I

-})

�Arrest Warrant

COMMON WEA L TH OF VIRG INI A, } TO WIT:
ROCK INGH A M COU NTY ,

to appreweal th of Virginia, to com man d you forth with
Thes e are therefore, in the nam e of the Com mon
- - -the said Cou nty, the body of the said. - - and brin g before me, or some othe r Justi ce of
ired to sumdeal t with acco rding to law. And you are requ
to answ er the said com plain t and to be furth er
mon

VZ,tr .

L~

~~ - ~ ~
4,,rf?, l:-v,;_,_._, a..J. ~,..._g_.~

offence.
mon weal th, on the exam inati on touc hing the said
to appe ar and give evid ence in behalf of the Com
, in the year 19~
day of-~
Give n unde r my hand and seal this _LT~

No.3 8

f&lt; ? 9 .~ ~ ,
ct ~
=

N EWS·R ECO RD CO .. H AR '

DUR ~ , YA .

J.P. (Seal)

�Co 111mo11 wealt h
vs .

w arra nt

Arre st

}

~

...

· wa rra11 t b
. 1111
Execu
. ted ti ie w tt1
Y ar resti11 g
del 1ver in &lt;1 ti

a
~

nd

body o/

,
.
j:,_
befor~ff.E

·· · ···

..&lt;.aL .. ·

.......... .......

. d....... ..
"J ;,st ice I . ockm

~ ;;I

,f :,
· ·· .. ..

········

. ;~·b)' s11m . ...
"'""'"' ,ie with i11 'nam "edcw1t11e
. perso n
sses
111
•
1

,,;:

~. ·············.. 19-Z"'

a . ~ ~c~(~
- .th is/,
.. du _v o f . .. ..
· ........

........

'/

.. ....

'

1

L?,,:;:::7

,

-~

0 11111}' .

�I

ROSSELL VIA
.LlLL Y
·ADS

SHI» LETt
. .

--

Indi ctme nt for a
'.Misdemeanor

COMMONWEAL TH

i

, ...

.
'

~

/

1
~

I
1

l
~-

•

�\

l

.

/

/

•

l

.
•

&gt;

t

,,.

©

!.......

l

en

I
I

I'

\,

.,_;
I

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31814">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Russell Via and Lilly Shifflett</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31815">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Not Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31816">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31817">
                <text>not guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31818">
                <text>posession of still</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31819">
                <text>manufacture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31820">
                <text>sell</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31821">
                <text>offer</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31822">
                <text>trasport</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31823">
                <text>dispense</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31824">
                <text>advertise</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="31825">
                <text>receive order for ardent spirits</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31826">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31827">
                <text>1922</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31828">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31829">
                <text>RcPr-box2-046</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31830">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31831">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31832">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="164">
        <name>Shifflett</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="152">
        <name>Via</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24193" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14267">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_022_024.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f1a07c7480aea1bbd97838b9fe8f4fe6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269303">
                <text>Commonwealth v. S.A. Davis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269304">
                <text>1902</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269305">
                <text>Sell Alcohol</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269306">
                <text>Defendant charged with selling ardent spirits without licence. Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269307">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269308">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269309">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="269310">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269311">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269312">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269313">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269314">
                <text>Ccr002_022_024</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="259">
        <name>Davis</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="394">
        <name>Kniceley</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2935" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2750">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/fca4af4d028c5e792036b7590d9f0b2c.pdf</src>
        <authentication>95a91dbe9a9cdeec7621e51c03b3038a</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48175">
                    <text>. .-J

-~ .

\~;~}~ ..
WARRA NT OF ARREST

STATE OF VIRGINIA , CITY OF HARRISO NBURG, TO-WIT:

········ ···················· ·· ·········································· ······················ ·················································· ···································· ······'·
1

.

•

...... ....... .. .... ... .... .. .... ........ .. ...... ..... ... .. .. .... ... ..... .. .. .... ... ... in violation of an ordinance of the said city:
These are therefore in the name of the Commonwe alth of Virginia to command you forthwith to
some other Justice, the body of the said .... ..... ... ... .......... .......... ... ..

•

.

····· · ····· · &lt;

: . , ~ ~ ~ y ,1{fr .::~

to answer the said complaint and to be further &lt;lea It with according to law.
Given under my hand and seal this ....~ .~ y of ..........

~

.. ..... 192~.

�I

\

W ARR!A.NT OF AR RE ST
. CIT Y OF HA RRI SON BU RG
I

.

:

~~
for City

(}(J ::::r

Sum mon s

. ~ .r ~ l.

;'~ ~
' ~

-~
Sum mon s for Def ense

"O

.::
(IS ,.

"O • .
Q)

ef.. ...c:. •
....
(IS

..C: ·

.::

u
Cl) I

(IS '

&gt;.~-.:..

~

O •
"O

B
0

COS TS
,

'ab.O. · .....::rn ~

Fine .. . ......

· g
issum

, rn
0

~ r:-:.:.i
-)
•

:

:

"O

§

?,

.£ .

. (
.::
(IS

"O

.::
Q)

~~
-:5
4-&lt;

1

Wit ness es' Atte nda nce ..... .... .... .
Arr est ............... ....

·· ······ ···

0

........

Tot al

4-&lt;

,0

E-&lt;

Jail Fee

~

t'

Q)

..c:

... ...3...... .d--o
........ .... ..

Sum mon ing \Vit ness es

.::
(IS

"O

Q)

. g W arra nt
rym
an dT

"O

Q)
.::
Q)

4-&lt;

..... ... ·.. ... .... .. .. ... .. .... $16 .}J •.d-O

.... ..
. Exe cute d . .. ..... . . ....... .. ... ............ 192

Q)

-:5
M

0

4-&lt;

t1

'

.

,L
• I

...

•
•

�Form 192--Ne ws·R ecord

OF

STAT EME NT

COS TS

(

I

Arrest , varrant

/
. . .. .. .... .. .... ... ..... .. $ _ _ _ _ _

_t--(J

-{ Search Warrant ........ ........ .. .. .... .. $ - - - -

1 Trial ........ .. ........ ... ..... .. . ... . . . . . $ - - ---YI

L Bail

I(

. .. . .. .. ... ..... . ... ..... ... .. .. . ..... $_ _ ___,_

Arrest

=---.,_ _ __

..c....__ _

... . ........ ........ ........ ........ $ - - - - _ _

i::. :ttn~:: :

Search ,Varr?,nt . .. . .. . .. ........ . ..... ... $_ _ _ _ - -

CONSTABLES, SHERIFF, SERGE ANT ......

L Other
(
I J . P.

: :: : : :: :___

Fees . . . .. . .. ....... . . . .. .... ... ..... $_ _ _ _ _

_

.

Court .... . . . ... .. ... .... . .. ... ..... . $

ATTOR NEY FOR THE COMM ON\VE ALTH -{I

.

----------------------------------------------•
L ----------------------------------------------- --- - --

.
II

Re.port of Fin.es, etc. . .. ..... . .. . ..... .. . .... $

CLERK OF THE COU RT ....... ...... . . . . .

Witness Certifica tes ... . .... .. .. . ... ...... .. $- - - - _ _
Trial

L Other
\Vitnes ses-N a mes

.. ... ... .. .. . ........ ... .. . .... ...... $
Costs .. ........ . . .. .... . .. .... .. ... . $_ __
Days

Amount

Tolls

Miles

$·

$

$

$

$

$

$

f

$

$

ned for the ComI hereb y certify that the follow ing additi onal witnes ses were exami
monw ealth and were mater ial witnes ses:
\Vitnes ses-Nam es

Days

Amount

Tolls

Miles

$

$

$

$

$

s

$

$

$

$

I hereb y certify that the forego ing is a correc t statem ent of costs.

��-it, .

!,

1:

.

.

r/h~

~r~~- o~. A_
.. ,v . ~

.

#

I 7 tJ

¼

l ~ ~I

U,
i

t

c@~e-. o\'·/ - ~ /f' /4y -,

\
",

I .
J

.
.
----I

I

'L

;

~-

'

/

�,;- ·

l

t
/

!

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32858">
                <text>Commonwealth v. S.M. Brown and M.H. Steele</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32859">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32860">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32861">
                <text>Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32862">
                <text>arrest warrant</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32863">
                <text>transport and posession of ardent spirits</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32864">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32865">
                <text>1924</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32866">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32867">
                <text>RcPr-box3-059</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32868">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32869">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32870">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="412">
        <name>Brown</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="413">
        <name>Steele</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2999" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2814">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/0bc78fcb2e82eb0101e37a77a93990a6.pdf</src>
        <authentication>66708df871741dded431449d0c46bc33</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48239">
                    <text>COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINI A ,
COU NT Y OF ROCKI NGHAM, to- wit :
In the Cir cui t Cou rt of sai d CoW
1ty:

The gra nd jur ors in and for the
bod y of sai d Cou nt y
of Roc kin gha m and now ~tt end ing
sai d Cou rt at its Ap ril
term , 192 5, upo n the ir oat ps do
pre sen t tha t s. M. Bro wn
'
a nd Mar k Ste ele , wit
hin one y ear nex t pri or to the
fin din g
of thi s i ndi ctment , in the sai d
c'o unt y of Roc kin gha m, did
w1l awf ull y ma nuf act ure , sel l, off
er, kee p, sto re and exp ose
for sal e, giv e a,way , tra ns ort ,
dis p ens e, sol ici t, adv ert ise
and rec eiv e ord ers for ard ent spi ' 'rit s, aga i n st t he pea ce
and dig nit y of the Com mon wea lth
of Vir gin ia.
-,

The jur ors a for e s a id up on the ir
oat hs a f ore sai d do
f urt J er pre s ent tha t s. M. Bro wn
and Mark Ste ele , wit hin
on e yea r nex t pri or to the fin din
g of thi s ind ict men t, in
the sai d Cou nty of Roc ki ngh a m, d
i'd unl a wf ull y hav e in the ir
_po sse ssio n a.r elen t spi rit s, a gai n
st the pea ce an d dig nit y of
the Cor.imon wea l th of Vir gin ia.
afo res aid , u•po11 the ir , oat hs afo reji3
a id
o e

yea x

the said ,

ard ent

sp i'r'i ts,
0

Thi s ind ict men t i s fou nd on the
te s tim ony of Joh n Dov e,
a wit n ess swo rn in cou rt and se n
t bef ore the gra nd jur y to
giv e evi den ce.

�&lt; •t: " l~

~

{it'
11

Commonw ea lth
v) Ind ict me nt

~

~J i~
,-l:1 ,j-,
-~ ~

S . M. Brown and Mark Steel e

t

•.

~.~

~

.
1

April term 1925
~

A True Bill:

}1

t'I

~

~

D. w. Ear ma n
Commo nwealth 's Attorn ey

�INSTRUCTIOU

NO.

J

t i n t his c a s e,a s in
The Co urt ins tru cts the jury thc
ple a of not gui lty rai ses
a ll cri mi nal c .se s,t he acc u sed 's
fav or and put s on t he
a pre sumpti on of i nno cen ce i n his
ng his gui lt b ey ond rea son Commomr1eal th the bur den of pr ovi
con s ide r a tio n of the who le
ab le dou bt. If, the ref ore ,up on a
ses and the cir cum sta nce s
cas e,t he tes timony of the wit nes
t h e minds of the jur y
sh own in evi den ce, the r e exi sts in
of the a cc us ed, t hey s hould
a rea son abl e. dou bt n..s to t he gu ilt
rt fur t h er tel ls t h e jur y
fin d him not gu il ty . And the Cou
st te o:f t h e ca s e whi ch , aft er
t hat a rea sonabl e dou bt is t ha t
all t he evi den ce, lea ves the
com par iso n and con sid era tio n of
ion t ha t t h ey can not say tha t
min ds of the jur ors in suc h condit
to a mor al c ert ain ty of the
the y f eel an abi d ing conv ict ion
tru th of the cha rge .

�. o.
il: a

.i:rU

0

.L

•

V

Cu

0

0

'I

'J:

ro

Io .

\,) '! 0

D

or'. t !IO

-

r.r i.

f)

lJ

:tI. t
.0 fiO . ;t

a

Ii !I

Oil

oru:rl:

·;o

0

-,~..:.r..r

!IO

l!

;j

0

0

cf

rl

j- .

~1:.at

r.. 10

rl

0 -

·;t

0

-~~-r.i

0

·.re

·.:o

E)

0

;t .. 0

j

'!UO

0

;t 1.18 S.e j

0

0

.o

•

Bi

j- .IJO

.torr
fJ

0

0

;t
~

n-=.

"'!

I.s·_om s

0

0., !IO lj

9 'j-

1:v.rroo

.1

;J

.t

et
o.t

·.r

'I

orre.o.t-r

.t

"v

00

0

r e
j

0

'!J-

�t

Arrest Warran t

Whereas,----y&lt;'+--- -"-L-'--.L.--=::...=.~:......=-----=--::a-- ---.., ,.._
compl aint and inform ation on oath before 01J;~L J~Z2 ~¾;-; cc~~
that

?J7 J ~

of the said

~~~= a Justice of the said Oi~,,

-, -~ -'-'=D-'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - -

C~~Q~

day of

tf2.d.

192-'r ."int hesa idC~ did

~~1~~ ~ ~~
These are therefore, in the name of the Comm onwea lth of Virginia,
to comm and you forthw ith to apprehend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said C ~
the body of the said- - - - - - -

7zl/ hf(

-4-T-~-Rw

~~

to answe r the said compl aint and to be furthe r dealt with according
to law. And you are requir ed to summon - -- - - - - -- -- - - -- - - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- -

No.38

NEWS • RECORD CO .• HARRI SO NBURG . V A,

�Commonwealth

vs.

} Arrest Warrant

~ ~~~·····d?L~

. ..

~ L . ~

Executed the wi thin warrant b}• arresting

and delivering the bod}' of

~~T'
''~-~~~ . Jt;,.. :. . ~ . . . .... ..
before

~~ t
..

.b ~

of~~~

a Justice
...woning the within named witnesses in person,

~ .... da}' of . 0~······ · ··· · · 19~..'j···(l..tJ.L'b..~.s. ~ . .e.,... ... . ..

this ..

�In the Name of the Commonw ealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:

You, are hereby comm,anded to su,mmon .

t o appear bef ore the Judge of the Circuit Cou,rt of RoclcinghaE
Co nty,
iat the Court
House thereof, at 10 o'clock, a . m. , on the
~ ............ d a y of'
.
... ,.
.1 9 ..dz.-:, ~
t o testify and the truth to say in behalf of the Commonwealth agai t . . ..
.....
·.·.···· ····· .······.·.·7.·.·.·
.·...·.· .·.·.·l.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.
?·.·n
.· .··.·.· .· .·.

A

... .

...

. ....~ - ; - . ~

who stands charged with a,~

misdemeanor.
~
.And this .. .~ .. . . shall not omit under the penalty of £ 1 0 0 . .And hcwe then
and there t h is Writ.
Witness , J . F . B L ACKBURN, Clerk of ou r said Court, at the Court House, the
...g .day of
1 /Jk .,,-and in the 1 /; . .

f

= · ,. ....,

.
News-Record, H a rrisonburg, Va.

~

b

,

~~

~-cz..~ t...-&amp;A-£-~s-,..:.,
···v

.

.. ,

Clerk.

//

�'

�In the Name of the Commo nwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingha m County, Greeting :

You a re hereby command ed to sum,mon ..

~°:C:.• •~~ ·•• ~··•~-~ ~r,
to appear before the Judge of the Cir cuit Court of Roclcingh a~ Co nty, at the Cou rt
.19 ..~...'/'. · t2f/YY -.
.. . ~.... ........... day of"
House thereof~ at 10 o'cloclc, a . m., on t h e
.... ..
.
to testif y and the truth to say in behalf of the Commonw ealth agai

who stands charged with and indicted f or a felony misdemea nor .
·· ...... shall not omit under the penalty of £ 100 . .Jl.nd h a ve then
.Jl.nd this .. :.~
and there t h is~
W itn ess, J . . B L .Jl.CKBUR N, Clerlc of our said Court, at t he Cou,rt H ouse, the
. , 1 9-t. ~-:-and in the 14 .•/· ·th year of the Common~ ealth.
.. ~ .
./

.
News-Record. H arrison bur~. Va.

~- .-::f,,, . ~ ~ . ,
v

Clerk.

�~u'

Gd; -.£ Lr/ -", cl"""
-t, w~ , ;, ;p,eacing a uue Go PY o1 th•

withi.n summons to~

~

nperson.

f ill
,~

"'
k

~

)

' ~

I I 111 1-

'

'~
~,

~~r

,\
\;\

~

~

.
~

�In the Name of the Comm onwea lth of Virgin ia:
To the Sheriff of Rocking ham County, Greetin g:

to appear bef ore the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockin gham County
, at the Court
H ouse thereof : at 1 0 o'clock, a . m., on t h e. .... ../.~............ d a y of
.~
to testify and the truth to say in b ehalf of the Commo nwe alth agains
t ...

7 ...19..

;(.; .'f'

who stands charge d with and indicte d f o1 a fel,o-n,y misdem eanor
.
.11.nd this.
...... shall not omit under the pena,lty of £ 100. .11.nd have then
and there this Writ .
Witness , J. F. B L .11. CKB UR.!v, Clerk of our said Cou rt , at the
Cou,rt H ouse, the

J ..

day of ..... ~

· · / · ..... ., 1 9 .aZ. ...J;-and in the 14 •J ····t h year of the Com,mo nwealt
h.
.

News-Record, H arr ison burg, Va.

. .. , Clerk.

�Eyccuted

llverln

tru

Copy of the

wl'hin Li um
~ i n person.
r

j

j

t

~
'

"~

'

~

~

l

~

j

'\

f
~

to

t-

i
\_

�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting:

You clre h e1'eby com1nanded to su,m,1non ..... .

... . .. . ... . . . . . . . . . .0..,... .-y_,/:..... . . . ...... ~. .

to rippea1' befo1'e the Judje of the Circiiit Cou1't of Roclcinjha ni County, at the Coiirt
House thereof, a t 10 o'clock, a. m., on the .......... P.-...0. ..............day of'. ..

~ L.... .1 9 z. ~

to testify and the truth to say in belwlf of the Commonwealth bef or e the Grrmcl Ju1'y

.?.7/ . . . .r t ' ~ ~

t!-

w ho sta,nds ch a r/eel with rind indicted f or a

~~V..
f~

misdem erinor .

And this ... ·-•~·~
..........sh a ll not omi t wicler the penalty of £100. And have then
and ther e this Writ .
Witness , J . F . B.LA CKE URN, Clerlc of ow· sriid Court, at the Coiirt House, the

/"2. .. cla,y

of'. .... ~ . . . . .

N ews-Reco rd , Horrisonbu r~. V,1.

.... ,,;J

, 1 9.Z. .-5.;-a,nd in the 14T th y ea r of the Commonwenlth .

~~ .

Cler k

�'

)

sCl)

�In the Name of the Comm onwea lth of Vi~ nia,;,. ,,J~ .,/ +~
6
To the Sherif~

Reek i ~ 3.unty , Greeting :

You, are hereby comman ded to summon ....

to appear before the Judge of the Circuit Court of Rocking ham County, at the
Court
House thereof, at 10 o'cloclc, a . m ., on the ........ J ...Jl. ...............day of . .
19 .&amp;.. ~--;

~ 7" . ..

to t estify and the truth to say in be half of the Co mmonwe alth against ...

who stands charged with cincl indicted fo

misdeme cinor .
.Jl.nd this ... .~
•·········· shall not omit u,nder the penalty of £100 . .Jl.nd have then
and there this Writ.
Witness, J . F . BL.Jl.CICBUR.H, Clerk of our said Court, at the l'onrt
House, the
, ... day of
... ~
19 .. .,?,-and in the 14[ •···t h year of the Common wealth .

7 . . . . .,

News•Record, Harrisonburg , Va .

. . ... .... .J:✓. .~ ~··· · ,
6

Clerk.

��....... -- -

w

~ ....

--- - - -

In st ru ct io n No
The Co ur t i ns tr uc ts th
e j ur y tha t in ar riv in
g a t a ve rd ic t
t he y a re en ti t l ed to t
ak e in to c on s i de r a t i on
th e fa ct tha t th e
de fe n ·· an t Brown as a lr
ea dy lo st h i s au tomob
ile .

---

�.-- ----- '-'--- - -- -

__,

-

�~ :. .- -- -- The Co ur t in _tru ct s the
ju ry th at the y ca nn ot
co ns ~d er an y ha pp en ing s
or ev em s th at too k pla ce
on .si de
of the bo un da ry of Ro ck
ing ha m Co un ty .

�...

___ --

---_____..-._

�I ns t Tu c t ion No

J

Th e Co ~J_r t i ns truc t s the
ju ry t ha t ci rc ums tan ce s
of su spi ci i on , no ma t t er how g
r a ve or str on g , ar e no t
pr oo f of
gu ilt , an d tha t the de fen
da nt s mu st be fou nd no t
gu ilt y un le s s
t h ', f a ct of the i r gu ilt
i s pro ve n be yo nd ev er y re
a s onab le do ub t,
an d to t he a ct ua l exc l us
i on of ev e r y r eas ,na b le
hy po the sis of the i r
inn oc en ce co ns ist en t wi th
th e f ~c ts pr ov en .

��-----------------~-----~--- ~ ~---,--..----~--------- ~--·- ~
Ins tr uct i on No

~

The Court i ns truc t s t h e J ury tha t in weigh ing and cons i deri ng all of t he evide n ce i n this ca se, toget her, t hey can g
i ve
suc h we i ght a s they ma y dee m prope r to the evide nce sho wing
the
go od char ~. cter of t he de fen da nts, an d i f t here is a re asnab
le doubt
as to the i r guilt the jury in the i r dicre tion can
on the go od
char 2cter of the de fe n da nts g ive t h em the be nefit of the doubt
on the evi dence of the i r good cha r a cter.

��- - - -~·-----.-------~-------- ------Ins true t i on No
The Co urt ins tructs t he jury that in order to be guilty
of transporting ardent sp i ri ts as charged in th i s ind.citment

t he defe ;~ants must ha ve known that the ardent spiri t s transported
was in the a uto mobile when they traveled over the highway within the
of Roc Ki ngham

~ ' . t

h(

�~

-- - - - -

�-2-

The Co ur t i ns tru ct s th e
ju ry th at ev en th ou gh t
he y fin d th e
ac cu se d gu ilt y as ch ar ge
d,
t he y fu rth er fin d th at
•
¼\.
v io la tio n of t he law it
i s no t ne ce ss ar y
un de r th e law to i m- os e
a ja il se nt en ce , bu t ma~
y fix th e p ni sh A
me nt by fin e al on e .

�~

Il

.,.

j

,0
j

,:

.i:IlU

ea

ITO

j

u

j

J-

.i: j

0

1

.du

09 il
0

j

1:

~

s;t

...

I.:.

;.

9

0

.e

0~

.(l ,..

0 ...

9H .i

I.J'J
.9 .

�Ins tru ctions for the Defen se .

-1-

he Court instru cts t he jury t h t the law resume s e e~L~. £.::.,..;;a....,.;::=::....
nnoce nt until his guilt i s est ablish son char e ' · t
ed beyond a reason able doub t , and t h i s pre s :ption of innoce nce
goes with the a ccus ed throughout t he ent ire case and appl i es to
i mev eyy stage t hereo f-- nothin g i s to be presum ed or taken by
pli cat ion agai nst him ••• nd if the Jury have any rat i onal doubt
as to any fac t neces sary to convic t the a ccused of any offens e
hatev er , they are bound to give the acc~s ed the benefi t of that
doubt .•• d if the jury have a reason able doubt upon any mater i al fact or eleme nt neces sar y to const itute the crime~ this legal
presumption i n favor o i nnocen ce is , in doubt ful cas es, a l rays
suffic ient t o turn the scales i n favor of the accuse d and it is
t he jury r s duty to give t he a ccused t he benef it of su ch doubt
and a cquit him . And i f t here i s any reason able hypoth esis con sis t en t wi t h his innoce nce they must a cquit him ; and it i s unlaw ful and a bre ch of t he sworn duty of the jury or a juror to
compro mi s e innoce nce with

ilt .

�_..

.,. r.:r

r:ro

p:.r..escµ oi

ITj.."c~ ;:;

. 3+611+ 1:.:r .f.}J

J:'f8

...,

"':_.

OID.IJ~Ol."JJ '16 :fIJJJO CGIJG6 l.~:f ~r

ar.\oI.u qII+A o=t

+J1GA

."f,IB;OCCJJCG

+JJG

•· c

lliJIB.~

lrrJ.:o. oI.

1r:j'" +

JJ:f :

8'

~o

~III.OJ.

:r a

ruq :r +

JilJJ8'rJ\ -

:-q uc(1rrJ+ JI:r!:1 · vrrq :rt +JJsI.e :r a ITTJA :t.osaoue- pJe pAho+vsi:; ::re cou -

.f.:JG ~rrl.".. 1 a

qI;.f-j.. .f-O ~::f.A.G +JJG

a-cc.r:rasq +PG pene:p· .r- oi a.r:rcp qo.r.rp+

:r

f .f-0 +!T.LJ +P'S 8GB'JGI

:rou

:ru-

:i:,8'1-. oi

:f_fH.. Ol. O+, +JJG

:rm•·coc., ce :;- '

0~

~IJ

S'GG!TOSq

qOITP+tITJ

81Jg

T+ T'

G8'86

:f 8'J ,tO'G+ OI. GJGI:JGU+ IJ6CG888I .A +O GO:U8+-T+f f.f-6 +Jf6 CLTCe • +JJTB

"f-:: +J.IG
..

'

-

-

~lUA JJ8'.A6

J

' ~ue~ CI.e ocrrug £0

~o gIJA
JJ~S.f.,TOl l

T,~G+ CCGG88ITI .A

8'.E:fDC+

A£iA ~t~es

~o

vr~ ·· ·

f

+JJGLGOt -- IJO+J:~

w~

~
~

r-

~,

I

'

~

...

\.~

t

J~~

+~6 ~GG3BGg

ouq

8' J:.GB'80IJ8'_ DJ6 &lt;;;"OffJ).;.' '

~

"

J,:f8 f?.rs::rJf- :)"8 08.f.O'PJ .
~o PB :fIJIJOGGIJ+ JJJJ.f.::fJ
---~ --

CO!rI.f. :p:;8.f.I.I.rG. p:l

+J:'G

~!!I.A

+j..."!J' f- +PG

-J-

I

+

.t:ro::-rr1· ::r.o

,.

~

J81.i

bLGl1!fIDG

-

�-ftt r, ~- t.tle
.JJ [)l
,;J

ii{.

lJ ~ ,:,Yr,. . .

I/ tl-tl1.. l✓l._,
~I. . .
ri

L
'--·11•r'•
t. ~...

t;..

1,c.-.~

.

•i

•

·.1 n· .. ~1..?t- 7-f ~1.). t \_
..
·J;:t. .14.~ ,,t t• ~~
,. .

.

{

.... •·

-

'

.

- ...

•

/
\

I

.

]

.,_

�J

,,

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33608">
                <text>Commonwealth v. S.M. Brown and Mark Steele</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33609">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33610">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="33611">
                <text>Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33612">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33613">
                <text>1925</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33614">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33615">
                <text>RcPr-box5-001</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33616">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33617">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="33618">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="412">
        <name>Brown</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="413">
        <name>Steele</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="6468" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6204">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_063-commonwealth-v-sm-yancey.pdf</src>
        <authentication>db4d16623061072c1437f9050ea14681</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="75731">
                    <text>T

•

' ' ~
~,~

----'I..
body bei'ore

of our said
and in the

~

he stands

indictea,

~~~

the
ny whereof

And hav

~~ ~

..J-..

the

ther

Court,at
130 th year

.

1

the

Writ,tit

eos

Court House the

18th day of September,1905

or the Commonwealth

~

Ii&lt;~.-_

t

Clek

�r

•

-

~(:_~

©

~(

~

T ~·-...J

�' .
Hurst's Standard
Forms, Anno ta Led.

tN
f 1 o.

[Code,

ro[l.NJ'Y

J Hurst&amp;:. Company,
t Pulaski City, Va

Indictment.

35·

§§3989, 3999, 4000, \Oll, .1015; llurst's

Guide&amp;.

~fanual,

pp. 537 (.~). 540-5, 546,617

O.F'... R(ICKINGHAM

18.)

.., T 0-11J J':

I.N J'ELE CIRCUIT C07./RJ' UP S.l/JJ CO[J'.1'J1 J':

J7zejurors of tlte l'ommonttealt/1of f'irgi11ia,in all{/ /or tlze bod!) of tl1e Cozml!) o/

R~fKD:C:fAM----:.-.--------- .._"."--.-------, ....-.-:.--, a11d1wa·atte11di11,r;
tile said Court at its
SEPTElffiER----------------.--.---term,

s.M...Y:anco~r, vrithin
•tlzel7th

i11tlze yeru 1905--:-----,-zrpon tl1eir oat/ts prese!lt !!tat
fr}-L

two years

...-- da!) o/

la.at pc.st'('or ab_out--".'".'.-:-------------------------------

AUGUST----------------,

ill t!te year

tho s~id -~~;,~. Yancoy being_ t}1en anti _therE&gt;
...e.marrieri mar
connocti_on with one l Effie. ortenbackor.,
and t}}E3r".l
an u~arr:leti

1905------,

did s1J1iucoand haye illic~t

she the. f,miii Etrio ()ffenbacker,

female an'1 being_or previ()us

c}ws+.e character.

agai!lst tl1epeace and r!1/;11ityof tlze Ccmmo11Lteall/1
o/ / 'imi11ia.

lpon tl1efl'idellre of ...

wit1zess

i11tlte said Co{{/lt!J.

SLOO/'/l ill

0/Jfll

('ourt a11dse11tto tl1e (}rand Jur!J to gil'e eridenre.
, Clerk.

being tho.r.i.

�T

•

-C

.....___

~

tl

.v

.

C
....
,.=
....

,,

-

:,.

~

,.ts
-l

~

C

)&gt;

.!:i

:~

,.--./-

:::a

-~

C

It

rn

OJ

-

r
r

I

2
0

n..,
3:

m

..,
2

~

-~

~

'T;

...,
.,,

"'
"'
:::

0
?O

►

f

,,
a•

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75720">
                <text>1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75721">
                <text>Commonwealth v. S.M. Yancey</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75722">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony seduction.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75723">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="75724">
                <text>Seduction</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75725">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75726">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75727">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75728">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75729">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75730">
                <text>CCR001_004_063</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1060">
        <name>Offenbacker</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="141">
        <name>Yancey</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2787" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2602">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/434316f435125d12c6ca754f3ecdd59e.pdf</src>
        <authentication>8422b2c45696ec613591186b130deb98</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48027">
                    <text>"'ece rJ'Jbe r ter-:: i , l::'l'·, .

:,:app law .
~

01,:: -r c-:- -·~r:~. ··~ :J r"1 ..

vs .
~

I nd ic tme11 t .

• R • A~ TD5 Q
1

For a ~Tis de r .eano r .

l - -----~,~.. -·~-

--~ ----~

I

~

I'

l

\

A !"'.'PL""~ BILI

'

:0 r ry

=· Stri ckl 0r

"!o:-n:onwe r: 1 tL I s

,-=p,, (

1;. t,

0r 1' e

~.

�.: '

co ,.:o

'

...

ALTH OF VIRG IND ,

co - TY
I

·,

.(

✓

the Ci rcui t Court o f s aid

OF ROCKI GRAM

I

- ';TIT:

aun ty ;

The jurors of the commo nweal th of Virg inia , i n
body of the
c ourt o f sa i d
RESEN_ , that

nd f or the

aunty of Rocki n gham , an0 no :1 attend i ng the c·rcui t
O1111ty , at i ts Decemb er term , 1 91 9 ,

u__OK TE::IR

O r::HS

. R. :N})ES , with i n one yer-r next p ri or to the findin g

of this ind i ctemn+- , i n s a icl. co1111ty , c i d unle .rfully manufa c ture
,
sell , offer , ke ep , store ana expose fo r sal e , g i v e away , trcnsp
dispen se , so li c i t , adver t i se and rece i ve or ders fo r
again st the peac e and d i gnit y of the commonwea l th of
ArID

n~~

J UROHS At OPES~ I :9 , ~-

FUR TE"R ?F..SE~ m , thEt S . P •.

~m~s .

o:r

~

I ?. 0

or t ,

a r dent s iri ts ,
i r 0 i ri i a .

'FO?_'..S AID , D

wi thin one year ne x t pr i or to the

findin 6 of this i ndi c tment , i n saic1. Joun t y , di d un l a •ful l y sell
snd
g ive awa y intox i c ating cide r cont '"' ining mo re than or e per ce ntum
of
alcoh ol b;r vol ume , a:,a inst the peace and di zn i ty of the COID!':,on 0lef
1th
of ,T· r;i:'1is .

FURTH??. PR3S_..l';''I , that ,_ . R •.L:'.DES , i n sai c1

aunty , wi thin one year

next prior to the findin g of this i ndi ctmen t , di d unlbw ful ly store
rdent s p irits at a place other than h is home , 2gain st the peace
a nd d i gn~ty of the commo nv.eElt h of Virc i nia . ·
A"TD . IB J U?O?.S

T __r:i:'.'ER

~

FO_.SA I D , U-'"";I~ Td.: I R OA ES A ;--•"'- P.S ID ,

:2:2SE:NT , that '"' . P.. . -'J):2S ,

0

•i thin one ye ar next nr i or to the

findin g of this ind ictmen , , i n said count;l , d id unlFw fully s tore
,
sell an g ive a ay intox icatin g ci der at a place other than I'-is
hol!le , agai:t. st t:te peace a nd d i tn ity of the

or.'Uilon reeltr_ o:.

~his i r.dictm ent i s fo1111d on +he testim ony of

irg i n i

•

- -- -"'-- - - - - -.£-

.,O1: rt anc1_ sent b . ::ore the :: r and. ,'ur;r to ~ive evider ce .

�I

fu

H

;,;,.,

,..

j,

f,

......

1

I\

J

r'iF

k
r

...
l

,,,

·.,~. ,Ji
'

.;

J

---...::::_

tj

::.

\

I

t

J

.
V

,.

d)
~

V) '-i.'

\

'"''
"

"

~

�.;:'1.e Co

L 1;

i .sti~ .w s

ei·e to be

evi u 1co

i i.1.

·L6

. . rt c 1e cid c

_ome o

cca esa uot ;~i ity .

.,,_e

L:..r~ t . .

.i.. •

.,

_c ,; r·• " o ... G 11

•·~

..

seu

ppl ied , r,1e

o

u.11io

by ... c -

��-'- . e •C

t

.G

1·

i 11.u ict,.o i. , .7et i i

LaL if

EC

siL._p l;, :.::t:)r ea by t h e &amp;cc use
S ' ld

[ CC.J.8 Gd

t er

:ct1.c r

.ey

c.li ve l,Lc..

.;G .... i C\

s iu

e

ror · ·u 1.e

•iacr \V::c

.e -:iriv dte u.se of the
C0LlS Gd .

�•-

�~lle

Co l .!' u

i c.,rw t.., t,e

luo _o , ye
be l l
!. 11,

i

€ ,

s t . . · t t .... c s me

0.1.

g il y .

t t . .a

1uJs:

.1 2

gi v e

of :c L-~ed ,

,i

by

,6

S:....iU

U

ii

u11.ey _urt te ::t

· u..__e

t

�f

t

I

\
~

&gt;
t

...

fI

~

h
I

1~
~

.,
~t

1
' t·

:t
m
,
I

i

I
i

\

l

!,
.1

HJi 'IVU iIOD OO

,,,

�./

....

C

i
'

·i

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30804">
                <text>Commonwealth v. S.R. Andes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30805">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30806">
                <text>1919</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30807">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30808">
                <text>RcPr-box1-048</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30809">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30810">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="30811">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="328">
        <name>Andes</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2818" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2633">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/d7e2c5a2ca69494274e1fe6fa1032114.pdf</src>
        <authentication>dc08c23464497a4dd465fac649880153</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48058">
                    <text>��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31052">
                <text>Commonwealth v. S.S. Snarr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31053">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31054">
                <text>1921</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31055">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31056">
                <text>RcPr-box1-079</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31057">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31058">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31059">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="347">
        <name>Snarr</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25779" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15694">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_004_054.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0668779c2092c5bc7aaace71116ef870</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289457">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Salley Rush</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289458">
                <text>1816</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289459">
                <text>Theft</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289460">
                <text>Defendant charged with stealing. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289461">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289462">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289463">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="289464">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289465">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289466">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289467">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289468">
                <text>Ccr002_004_054</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="213">
        <name>King</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="907">
        <name>Rush</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="610">
        <name>Vance</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25872" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15787">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_005_014.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1c8d68bf4b958e9f1df4c2944967d4d8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290605">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Sally Rush</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290606">
                <text>1817</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290607">
                <text>Theft</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290608">
                <text>Defendant charged with stealing. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290609">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290610">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290611">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="290612">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290613">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290614">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290615">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290616">
                <text>Ccr002_005_014</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="907">
        <name>Rush</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25323" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15240">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_009_010.pdf</src>
        <authentication>71a1a24a0b59843f3a6e14ab476bf042</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283803">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Sam</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283804">
                <text>1826</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283805">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="283806">
                <text>Burglary</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="283807">
                <text>Breaking and Entering</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="283808">
                <text>African American</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="283809">
                <text>Enslaved Person</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283810">
                <text>Defendant charged with feloniously breaking and entering. Acquitted</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283811">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283812">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283813">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="283814">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283815">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283816">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283817">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283818">
                <text>Ccr002_009_010 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="588">
        <name>Safly</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1432">
        <name>Sam</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24931" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14933">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_013_033.pdf</src>
        <authentication>147748e115902bb8893db3b793168c90</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278749">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Sam Baker</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278750">
                <text>1850</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278751">
                <text>Theft</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278752">
                <text>Defendant charged with stealing bacon from smokehouse when under the influence of liquor.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278753">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278754">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278755">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="278756">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="278757">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278758">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278759">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278760">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278761">
                <text>Ccr002_013_033</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="696">
        <name>Baker</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="554">
        <name>Good</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2974">
        <name>Hopwell</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1523">
        <name>Huston</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2975">
        <name>McCloud</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="355">
        <name>Mitchell</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3358" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="3172">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/fbb441e73516ac493132c35a717c6b06.pdf</src>
        <authentication>433d8c19f4a4df7a577f745974267f55</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48597">
                    <text>Com. monwealth of Virginia ) T .
.
In the

First
Count

_QJ-~-~~J.-~------

•t

.,_ .

O·W l :

City or Co'Unty of __QC k l.n.gb.fml. ________ ___ )

Court of the C_~1!~-~ y __ of __ Rock i ngham ______ .

D : __:11/ --;;iarma n
BE IT REME MBER ED That ___
_:_ __:"__________ , Attor ney for the Comm onwea lth .for
the said __ Q9J!D-_J y ______ of _l39_
q_1=5:J.~!J.~~--, and who for the sa id Commonwealth prosec utes
in this b ehalf, in his prope r per son comes into the said
Court on this t he •_ 1 7 t h __ day 'of_ __ __ _
__ p_:r_:t)-____ _, in the year 19~_;3- , and upon the comp laint in writin g,
verifi ed by t he oath.o f ___ _
W.! ___
T .! _____
Rexr
__
ode _____ _ , a compe t en t w1·tness, gives
_·_____
·
th e sa1"d Courth ere to under stand
. and be
inform ed that _____s_qm.__Bo..s_son ____________ , on the
--~-Q!:g.___ day of .Janu ary ----- -- - ,
in the year 1~ - , in the said -- ~-Q\J.IlJ~_y __ of ::._R_QQJ_{:_i
_l]. 11~- ---- -, dicL_!mla wfully _________ _

have in hi s
spir.
-r ts '

_po ss es s i on_ abou t · thre e _a n d_ one - h a lfga l lo n
s of a r d e n t
--------------------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- --------- ---- ~---- -- --- ----- - ----- -- -

-again st the peace .and dignit y of t he Commonwe alth of
Virgin ia.

Second
Count

And the Attor ney for the Comm onwea lth afores aid, who
prosec utes as afores aid, in the
· name .and by the autho rity aforesaid, and upon the compl
aint in writin g afores aid, furthe r gives
the said Court to under stand and be inform ed that said
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- on the ----- ----- day of ----- ----- ----- ---- - , in the
year 192 __ , in the said ______________ of
_____________________ -, did unlawfully _______________
________________ -·---- ---- __ ·______ _
again st the peace and dignit y of the Comm onwea lth of
Virgin ia.

Third
Count

And the · At torney for the Comm onwea lth afores aid, who
prose cutes as afores aid, in the
nanie and by the autho rity afores aid, and upon the compl
aint in writin g afores1aid, furthe r gives
the said Court to under stand and be inform ed t h at said
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- - ----on the __________ day of ----- ----- ----- ----- , in the
year 192 __ , in the said ----- ----- ---- of
----- ----~ ----- - ---- - -, did unlaw fully _______________
___________________ again st the peace
and dignit y of -the Comm onwea lth of Virgin ia.

__________ __ ur -~ -----------Attor ney for the Comm onwea lth.

.
Ci ty
Ha :r r i son burg
VIRG INIA :-__
. · ..
_________ _______ of --------- ----- ----- ----- - ,To-w
it.
This da y _V.:{!. __'12_!._]i~ ~-~~_g.-~ ----- - perso nally appea
red before me _l2.~1ll! !J._e__ !!~---l!-Adau s
_not ary _ ".JUb l ic __ for the __ g_t_ty_______ of ___ ;lQ::r;r_i
OO.P._Q]JJ'_g _____ ,'Virg infa, and made
compl aint and informa~ion on oath that -~~-1:!!--B.&lt;2~~-&lt;2!_1
___________________ _, _______________

__ _

within twelve month s prior to this date, to-wit on the
in the ___ Q9_1.!!J..t_y _______ ~f _F_q_q:J5:_i_ng_ll~TIL __ :
- 1.

--~9_t_Q, ___ day of __,I~A.l!.§ _!:'1 [ ___ , 19~ 3 ,

Manu factur ed andis tilted arden t spirit s;

-2:=Sold at dent spirit s;
4.-d fr anspo rt ed arden t spirit s;
ill, stm cap, worm , tub, ferme nter, and other

applia nces conne cle

"'..,~... of being used in the man-

ufactu re of arden t spirit s;
5.-Un latWf ully posses s arden t spirit~ .

Sworn to this ----- ----- day of ____ !'_l_&gt;C_i_l_: ___

--c:;r
----- -

1 ~--

~~

:--,-~ ~ -

�~

Commonwealth of Virginia
-~,s.

} MISDEMEANOR
.

J

Sam Ross on

i----- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----------

1nformation for Violation Prohibition La)Y.
Witnesses:

w. _T~__3_e_Jfr.P_i~---~--------------~--.11
/L,,
(
._.. _____
{._J
____

,__ _ _ _ ______ ___ _

Filed ------ ------ ----- - ------ ---- 192 __
________ ____________________ Clerk.

By __________ ,______ ;_ ___ D. C.

\

�Commonwealth of Virginia,
Rockingham Countg, To- Wit:

....toi!.. '-,J'rjfOC-«;~
his sufficienc.l! came before me ..... f...........~~

snrety, who justified

~

~~...AL,.,,(_

.....
...... ~

dged~

a~

(J . P. or Bail Commi ss ione r)

. ..... ....................... , of the said County of Rockingham,

~ :um::
eb~edto tbe Co~~onwe::l::s,V;r;in;-i,chQ

to be levied of their respective goods and chattels, lands and tenements, for the ase of the Commonwealth of Virginia rendered, and the y each se verally waved their homestead exemption to their re_

cognizance; yel upon this conditi~

.

ous:t: :ne:::•l; ~y::!:::
~
.~ '··· ··· ,
~ /f.!f!::ffr5erm thereof, being the . .. day of. ...~

the Cimtit ::::,i:f t::c:i:~

0 ..

193"-&gt;-, and

at such other time or times to which the proceedings may be continued or further

heard, and before any court or judge hereafter having or holding any proceedings in connection with
the said charge, and then and

ther:h::::::h:h:.~:s il~n~.=.,::,::::::

charged, and be bound under said recognizance until the charge is finally disposed of or until it is
declared void by order of a competent court, then the above recognizance shall be null and void; other-

~

wise to remain in full force and effect.
s

~

$

7

WHEREOF,

I~ reunto affix my signature this ............ ..............day of... ..................................... .

,19 . ....... .

•

��Arrest Warrant

_c_"'- ---+--- ----- -- - - ' a Constable of said County
:
Whereas,~---='--'-------'=''--=--=-..!:::::..,,:c_--=-=-=--==---------a....,½---r--+-\--of the said County
, has this day made
compl aint and info
--,,,.-=...-"-'" ---- - ',,_..,.....,,.::...---_

These are therefo re, in the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia, to comm
and you forthw ith to
appreh end and bri before, me~ .a.Z ~tic e of the said County
, the body of the said
I

to answe r the said compl aint and to be furthe r dealt with according to law.
And you are requir ed
to summon - - - -

to appea r and give evidence in behalf of the Commonwealth, on the exami nation
touchi ng the said
offence.
Given under my hand and seal this

/~~½ J-A: ~ ·,

in the year

19'3' 2J ,

- - -~ =
---=---.¥..-1
- . .--'---".-..L..
±---=
~--='-= --------"----=
- =- -J. P. [Seal]

�Commonwea lth
vs • .

Commonwea lth

················· ·····

Judgmen t

I

cf!~ t!/ouZz__ _
vs.

\

A

rrest Warrant

···········~-------··

That the D efendant found
guilty and fined
and costs as follows:
Fine
Clerk's Fee

•
mg

Executed the wi'th'1n wa
and delivering th b
rrant by arrest-

-c&amp; ~ ~

Justice's Fee

f

~
odyof •
·•

-'-4/"q~·· ...... . . ...
o( ... /;L ;(J
~~
--:·(/J•·-~····~

Arres t
Summoning Witness

before

r-, .

a ' justice -~~··R ···

I'\ .L

.

J

· =·-········

oc ngham Count
moning the with'
..
, Y, and by snm•
m named witnesses in person

Witnesses Att end ence and Mileage ..... .
Total

this/

d

~

.q ~ 0 7 ~
Justice of the

p~~·~~:······

£

? J 2 ~ g h a m County

yf(fi, ;&amp;
,

�In the Name of the Commonwealt h of Virginia :
You are hereby commanded to summon ... ..

a . . . ... .~..... ~..... . . ...
T o the S eriff o f Roc k ingham County, Greeting:
1

.r. ..

··-/14······ ····t4·· ·····e f ··•··••· ················ ···· ··· ·· ········ ·· ·

.:..1r.~... . «.:!... ... cr.y~.Y .... ....... ... . . ..

to appear before the Judge of the £j!:_ui~ Court of Rr!ingh m County, at the Court House

,t 9 ,J O o'dock, , . ,n., on th,

1P'J;;i:yof

;J;;,; ... . ... .. . .. . . ... ..

t.o..t~st.th an~.. t~·~·-~ru.t~ _'~ say· =
·
~lf
~

who stands charged
And this .. ...

the;;;1"}119

,

~ -·-·::·.·::::·:·::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :: :::::

J!!/ ::~ indicted f or a felony mmle-metmr!T'7

· ~ r . .. .

shall not omit under penalt y of £100.

And have then and

~~~

~

OBERT SWITZ1
1

... ..... . ... . .. 19?° . ,

T H E SERV ICE PR ESS, H ARRISONB URG, VA .

Cle~k of our saif/1:::; , at the Court House, the

?.:-f... . ...... .

~d m th, 15~ ~ - - • Clrrk

No. 4 57

�d

fH&lt;o/ (/ '

I

/

within Sum anons to

Ji

by delivering a true Copy o f th e

~ ±. 't:

~Lq

In oerson.

tl
'

,-..l..."".

~:

~

~

l

���~
CCM!ONWEAL TH

v.

j

,,
l .:
~

'

t
•

!.
.

,.'

1

i

l

)

~~~

Misdr.

(Pro.)

ff1117

�I

;

\

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37978">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Sam Rosson</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37979">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Not Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37980">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="37981">
                <text>not guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="37982">
                <text>posession of ardent spirits</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37983">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37984">
                <text>1932</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37985">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37986">
                <text>RcPr-box10-012</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37987">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37988">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37989">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="170">
        <name>Rosson</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="6467" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6203">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_006_157-commonwealth-v-samuel-a-davis.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ac932de653d795db5db2f6b9bcb93a7f</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="75719">
                    <text>�I

• h:7

&amp;:&amp;

--

• ,-

I

l

�'

•

•

••

Common,vealth of Virginia,

•

COUNTY ()F ROCKINOHAM. To•wit:
IN THI.: CIRCUIT COURT OF SAIU COUNTY;
'l'h&lt; '""""

t•• lht

'ti";:,,

C""'."'""""dlh
d

nnd """' uto,·n•lln,, th&lt; Mi&lt;l t """ u
&lt;'1'1,nt'1&lt;orMl~

;,,,.,

•~~·····

in and foo llh I ,,h- ,,( 11,1 ,·.,untr .,/ R,&gt;&lt;:k;ngh,om,

"'···o·
··•.
.........
.....
to'"'·,.

...

lhe ,,.,,

•":10.

~~

/

.Clt rk.

�•

••

'lr-\~
~1;r
i
( t·JA
1.
~

~

-..J

.

\..

~"I

~

1;

)&gt;

:0

~

~

~

C

fTI

~

m
~~ r

,-"-

~p~

~I-~

3

...
-...
0
=

&lt;
~

-.-..
...
Ill

\:: r

7'

zt
~

•

...

�•
•

••

Con11no11,vealth o'f Virginia,
COUNTY Of' ROCKINGMAAI, To•wil:
IN THE Cll{CUIT COURT OF SAIIJ COUNTY:

.•

-·

C1£:rl.

�•

'

I
•

•

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75708">
                <text>1910</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75709">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Samuel A. Davis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75710">
                <text>Defendant charged with misdemeanor purchase of alcohol for a drunkard.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75711">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="75712">
                <text>Purchase of Alcohol for a Drunkard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75713">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75714">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75715">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75716">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75717">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="75718">
                <text>CCR001_006_157</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1059">
        <name>Braithwaite</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1058">
        <name>Clacy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="259">
        <name>Davis</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24864" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14866">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_014_023.pdf</src>
        <authentication>536b6acb7ae9a8ce1552bae7d813c78a</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277859">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Samuel Baker</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277860">
                <text>1853</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277861">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="277862">
                <text>Breaking and Entering</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="277863">
                <text>Larceny</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277864">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony entering, but not breaking, into a house with the intent to commit larceny. Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277865">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277866">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277867">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="277868">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="277869">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277870">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277871">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277872">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277873">
                <text>Ccr002_014_023</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="696">
        <name>Baker</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="554">
        <name>Good</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25536" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15452">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_007_035.pdf</src>
        <authentication>f9d5064829a5ce551ee32e435167a4f0</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286449">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Samuel Bambridge</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286450">
                <text>1820</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286451">
                <text>Assault and Beating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286452">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and beating. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286453">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286454">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286455">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="286456">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286457">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286458">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286459">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286460">
                <text>Ccr002_007_035</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1656">
        <name>Bambridge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="398">
        <name>Lilly</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25896" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15811">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_005_028.pdf</src>
        <authentication>d99b3217bfa8c6a4ca52defbae8b0a9b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290896">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Samuel Bambridge</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290897">
                <text>1818</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290898">
                <text>Fighting and Beating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290899">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and beating. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290900">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290901">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290902">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="290903">
                <text>MeganPullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290904">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290905">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290906">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290907">
                <text>Ccr002_005_028</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1656">
        <name>Bambridge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="610">
        <name>Vance</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25010" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15012">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_012_037.pdf</src>
        <authentication>b116d3ee5e82c16eb5f402ad70ce1ab4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279796">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Samuel Bethell</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279797">
                <text>1841</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279798">
                <text>Assault and Beating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279799">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and did beat, wound, or illy treat. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279800">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279801">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279802">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="279803">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="279804">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279805">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279806">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279807">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279808">
                <text>Ccr002_012_037</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="2884">
        <name>Beal</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2883">
        <name>Bethell</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24178" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14252">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_022_009.pdf</src>
        <authentication>2866ea033d041b6c9e59bf51460e314d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269115">
                <text>Commonwealth v. Samuel Boyers</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269116">
                <text>1901</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269117">
                <text>Assault</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269118">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269119">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269120">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269121">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="269122">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269123">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269124">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269125">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="269126">
                <text>Ccr002_022_009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="540">
        <name>Boyers</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3058">
        <name>Landes</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
