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                    <text>Commonwealth of Virginiat
County of Rockingham, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:

The jurors of the Commonwealth of Virgin ia, in and for the
body of the County of Rocking ham, and now attendi ng the Circui t
A ~~ ~
,, &lt;j/ ~,
Court of said county , .UPON ~EIR OATHS PRESENT, that

---- ---~

agains t the peace and dignity of . the Common wealth of Virgin ia.
AND THE JURORS AFORESAID, UEON THEIR OATHS AFORESAID, DO
FURTHER PRESENT, that

agains t the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virgin ia.
This indictm ent is found on the testimo ny

o fr ~
(/

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,

witnes ses sworn in Court and sent before the Grand Jury to give
eviden ce.

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COMMONWE ALTH
Indictment

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For Felony
For Misdemeanor

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                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre, 2019; Updated by Megan Pullen, 2025.</text>
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                    <text>TH OF VIRGINI ,
COUNTY O ~OCKI NG

., to-wi t :

n the Circuit Court of s id County .
The gr

d jurors i n and for the body of said com1ty of

Ro cki ngham and now a tte nding sad Court at its June te rm ,
upon the i r oaths do present that

·v .

926 ,

Jose-h , with i n one year

next prior to the finding of t his indictment in the sad countJ
of Rocki ngham , did unlawfully manufacture , sell , offer , keep ,
store and expose for s le ,
so icit , a verti se an

·i ve away , transport , dispense ,

receive orders for

inst t e peace and di gni t

rent spi ri t s , a-

of the Commonwea t

of Vi rginia .

The jurors afore saiQ , up on the i r oaths afore said do f u rther
present that Ylm . Jose h , within one year next pr ior to the fi ndi ng of t is i ndictment , i n the sa id county of Rockingham, did
un awful y have i n his pos sess ion

rdent s iri t s , against t e

peace and di gnity of t he Commonwea t

of Virgi nia .

he jurors a ore sai d , upon the ir oa t s afore said do further
:present that Wm . Jos-ep , ·1i thin one yea r next prior to the fi nding o:f tl:is in ictment , in t he said county of Rockinc;ham , did
un awfull

recei v e

of t e Cor'.lmomvea t

rden t s irits ,
of Vi r i nia.

This in ictment is foun

c.

1, .

tJai nst the :peac e and di gn ty

on t e t est i mon

of Jacob Lam and.

Dove ;- witnesses swo rn i n Court and sent before t e grand

jury to g ive evidence .

�p0
Commonwealth

v) Indi ctment
\hn .

Jose:p

.U sdemea nor
Ju1e term , 1926 .

True

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"·""'

D. VI . Earman
Co;1monwea ltb ' s Attorn e

�Virginia, Rock ingh am Cou nty, to-w it:

Form 192--Ncw s·Record

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Commonwealth vs.

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STA TEM ENT

OF

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ATTO RNEY FOR THE COMM ONW~ ALTH

Wa rrl'.nt ....... ....... . . .. ..... ... $ _ _ _ _ - - -

1=~~a::it~~~~~~.:::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::_____
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..... .. ....... ....... ....... ....... . $ - - - - _ _

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Witness Certific ates .... .. ... . ....... ....... $- - - - _ _ __
Trial

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.... ..... .... . . . . . .. .. . ....... ... . ... $

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I hereb y certif y that the follow ing additi onal witne sses were
exam ined for the Commonw ealth and were mater ial witne sses:
Witnes ses- Names

Days

Miles

Tolls

$_ _ _

Amoun t

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$

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I hereb y certif y that the foreg oing is a corre ct statem ent of costs.

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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                    <text>��1:r you

fir.a.

the

If ycm find

the

~;ri

0

.n t guilty

01 er

you ' il ..

SHY

so

ari-: r.0 r.or , .

ch8..r .3eo. tn the
ishr-:r:u.

th:in

t w}nch

three

nor

inrlic

,risor.er

tr::e"r:t you wiL.

cli;::111 be

cor.fine:~,j,t

guilt:,

in

say so aul
in

:-,ore t,.r-i.r. ei;::;}1t yca:-s.

::--:aJ1..f:r

::.~1'i forr.:

A.scertfl.il

ti1e 1.Hmitentin.ry

n.s

}1:ls }Jur,n0t

J8ns

�...

�lN
1

Hurst's Standard
Forms, Annotated.

f

[Code,

Hurst

l Pulaski

Indictment.

o. 35.

§§3989, 3999, 4000, 4011, 4045; Hurst's

Guide

&amp; Manual,

&amp; Company,

City,

Va.

pp. 537 (.~). 540-5, 546, 617-18.]

_, J10-!!'IJ':

·urorsof tlte Commollwealt/1
of rirgillia, in aad for tlze body of tlze Coullt!Iof

!!J.~

................
__
...... . ._...........
_........, m,d !ZOU' attendi1lg tlze said Courtat its

theJf r

.................

......

---···

whom he had before

felmnio,1sl

s to. te

he

0f

marri.age
·········.
...
to ·.•rife

of

M::try land,

sn.id

I

illi~m

the

said

F.

1.errica

-

······ .........

....... ....
,

ar.d

ta;•·e

at

the

tine

::i.r,~ v·illiar::

to '7ife.

in

before

such

rr::rrrierl
of

livini,;

....

------- - ··············

such

L. Hamrr:.er

L. na:r.,-::er :ind_ then

\Tilliam

1

L. Ha.:-.rr,,r,

F. l,ier:ricR. ha vine

one Be~rnie A. kie8.do · s ',ho

Sleona

oathspresenttkat

Vinrried

-· .. ·-•-•-•---

•,1i
t t}1e G:=iid. Sleona
············· -······ ............. .

the said

·,1i.fe of

the

··••---

········.

··•·

1tJ,:;;;::::;ir

and

:::arria
,'1G

t

1c

.

the

taken
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e &lt;16

la",;f1.~l

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agaillst tlte peaceand dig11ityof tlte Ccmmonwealtlzof ri;:qinia.

lipon the eridenceof~

,G.,:"' · ,.,,...
Ge~-

··············
············
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~ -.s..~

f f ~.
~~

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--"'A.

.,.,. ❖."2_.

_witness.~swom ill ope!l

rourt and sellt to tlze Grana Jury to give evidence.
.. . ··········'

Cleric
.

d_.,d-,,,,«::...__---"'--Cl'=&lt;--~
·

�J

�OJ&lt;' 'l'HE 'IRGlNIA

HUPEHrN'I'ENDENT

PE:NfTE

'rIATI.Y,

Srn.:

..!

lt appearing

that··································;······•································Hl'L
..................................................................
~o ...

a prisoner confined in the Virginia Penitentiary
tence pronounced

for a term of ...... 4,............... sears,

under sen-

by the.
at the

Coul't of ....
....tel'm, 19 ......................
.

.....................................
..............
J.~l6..

has served out half of the term of irnpri1:.;onment for which
shown by the 1wiso11reror-ds. and it further appearing
...... .......... ...........

that

......w:1s sentenced, aH
the said .

········"··········••·········

······••·

1i--a fit pel'son to recei, 7 e

H

parole,

and having· fumished

satisfactory

assurance

that

. .will not be c1ependent upon publie or pl'ivate chal'ity: now therefore,

We, the Board of Direetors of the Penitentiary

suance of authority
sai&lt;l

•

of the State of Yirginia1, in pm·-

veHted in us by Act of Assembl,Y) approved

1•

th1rin~: the remainder

of

viz: '!'hat.

March 7, 1904, do parole the
.Xo.

.

,.,

~ ....
~.....................
term

...
.1

of Hentenee, upon the following· conditions-

. ___
...Hl1all&lt;.l-t all tin-1esdu1·ir1gthis pa,1·ole e:011cluct.........
...........
:....'.. self as

an honest, sobe1·. peaceable, industl'ious.

and la.w-abidiug citizen; and that. ........................................
.
-t.

accept and continue in the Pmployment

secured f01· ..........................................
as per employment

cer-

tifirate hereto a.tta('hed.

/4

P1·esident Board of Direc ors.

~£?

l unde1·stand the te!'ms

fJhis my parole and agree to pel'forrn all its condjtions.

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N

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Witn/p

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·······--······················

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Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
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                    <text>Q. {). t9

....
&amp;....~-

-

,,,

...UL.....................
~~ ..........
.

L.. .. .

_,. fr

/v~-

v .........................
ft~

....
----

~

�f
I
I

�r

•

The Court instructs
that

tLe

t' e Jury that

if the , believe

· ·ury to Jacob A .Armentrout

v✓ as

from, the evidence

caused
. , by
t

the prisoner.and

by

he 8cted
shoot

under

that.at

a reasonable

hir.1 or otl1or-,,isc

thnt

the prisor..J!'

-ent

dancer

that

end 1even though

deceptivJ

force

belief

Ar:nontrout

and that

the jury

there

to defend

him bodily

was infect

fear

by t.e

manaci

· present

c·rcumstances

necessary

appearances

on the part

to avoid danger before

prisoner

there
p ril

indicatibe

The act so done by Armentrout.or
must have been of such a character

then to kill

thw appar
to
were

of

or do him bodil_r harm; and the

that

believing

using

meant to do

a justification

on the

::nl[st have been some act by
to the priso1er.or
of a present

so~ething

purpose

in the

on the part

at tack upon the prisoner.

the circumstances
as to afford

at the tine

hir.1 or do hir.1 bodily

Armentrout

constitute

to make the ap1)rehended

the prisoner's

fro

himself.

defense,but

of Armentrout

that

no design

to retreat

of self.

attending

believe

are instructed

i~self

as were reasonably

ha1.'mwould not of itself

Armentrout

defendin

should

ti1e prisonex·

mrn about to

ha:.:-m~
then they

i

b: such :neans or force

But the bare

for

that

do him bodily

was not obliged

principle

the prisoner

vms justifiable

A:.·mer:trout to shoot
prisoner

the time

harm.

that

thus

exinting,

a reasonable

Armentrout

ground

intended

�\

�r

•

The Court instructs
the case,the

jury

oubt.and
all

cause

insufficient
all

such doubts

in the case,

a verdict

the evidence,you

tho evidence

ad

impartial
it

investi

is such that
transaction

of not guilty.

ation

of

vmre the
of life

it

aid pause: it
if,after

you have an abiding

of t::e charge. you are satisfied

On the :tk~ other

chinerical

must be a reasonable

man to hesitate

can say that

to hunt up

as are merely

in the graver

and prudent

to authorize

doubt.

of law ,in considering

an acquittal

and unless

interposes

a reasonable

ion of the truth
-ble

a matter

it must &amp;rise fror. a candi

scJme kind of doubt

ering

entertain

A doubt to justify

the evidence

wou1

jury.as

are not to go beyond the evidence

q.oubts .;nor .nust the/
or conjecturol.

the

beyond all

is

considconvictreasona-

hand hand, the jury must not go beyond

to hunt up ~a

of guilt.
A

The Court instructs
plea

is self

the jury where 1 as in this

defense, then

struct

JG.cob A .Arr.1entrout

burden

is upon the prisoner

to the satisfaction

if the jury believes
on the head with
to establish

of the jm•y.

case,the

thci..t tl1e prisoner

a deadly

said

prisone

plea

)

s

s:t

instrurnent 1 -f'ne
of self defense

�..

�If

you find

the Prisoner

not

guilty,

If

vo11 find

the :Prisoner

gui.

ty o.f r.111\.iciouslv

intunt

to maim, disfigure,

troi:tt,

you 71ill

confine:r.:.or,t

or kill

d1saDle,

s~y so 4nd ascertain

in

the

.f)eni tentiary

you v1:::i.1 G;1y so n.n'i no mo e_

his

no

the said

Jacob

yunishment

less

than

Jacob

ca.using

A.

A. Ar:nen-

·1vhich shall

one nor more

be

th8.n ten

years.
tne prisoner

yo1 find

If

un1a~,ru.11v causine
int.he

indictr::e1t

sai..d Jacob

A.

nent

shall

tiary

jail

1hich

1

not
not

less

guilty

J::icob A. Armentrout

with

intent

Armentrout.,
be in

than

exceed.in~

not

5:r.0J1.t bodily

say

yo11-r d.i.sere tion

one nor more
rr.onths

than
and

but

inj11ry

so nnd R.Saertain

!"lon:finement
five
fined

yea:::-s o
not

of

guilty

B.S cl1arged

d.iR1-1.b.le, or kill

to r:1air.1, d.isfienre,

you will

t71elve

of maliciuusly

in

his
the

puninhp eni ten-

confinei::ent

excee;ding

~~000.00.

in

�~

.,

�'

.

�l

~

'

�Hurst's Standard
Forms, Annotated.

lN
f 1 0 · 35·
[Code,

Hurst

l Pulaski

Indictment.
§§3989, 3999, 4000, 40II, 4045: Hurst's

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