<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=66&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle" accessDate="2026-05-08T08:13:59+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>66</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>4487</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="8432" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6997">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_002_026-commonwealth-v-george-sherwood.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e54ef0da33dc8eebe77f43c81fd8c6bc</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="93217">
                    <text>�r

�����</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93206">
                <text>1895</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93207">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Sherwood</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93208">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="93209">
                <text>Break and Enter</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="93210">
                <text>Larceny</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93211">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony break and enter and felony larceny.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93212">
                <text>JMU LIbraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93213">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93214">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93215">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93216">
                <text>CCR001_002_026</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1367">
        <name>Sherwood</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3105" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2920">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/f170557345388b22c29a5a451bc58d36.pdf</src>
        <authentication>904994372d0aabc22fa79cb324aae204</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48345">
                    <text>COAWONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
COUNTY OF ROCKINGHAM, to-wit:
In the Circuit Court of said County:
The grand jurors in and for the body of said county
of Rookingham and now attending said Court at its October term,
1927, upon their oaths do present that George Shifflett, within
one year next prior to the finding of this indictment, in the
said county of Rockingham, did unlawfully have in his possession
a still, still cap, worm, tub, ferment er, and other appliances
connected with and used in the operation of a still, without having the same registered as required by law, against the peace
and dignity of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
.

',.
Dirting, F.

. .~ ~

.

::·

,

. .., .:;

.

~

_._,

l

~

'.

.,.

\

•

. '-

Thii;J ,indictment is found on ., the testimony of J. L.

s. .Newman;

-

and .W• . T. Rexrode, witness~s , sworn , in

Court and sent before the grand jury to give evidence.

r

''
,.,

1:

....

'.

..,

C

-

�~

Possession of still

J,

It ~j
I

~

'

'j

~ ~
J

&lt;

.)

v) Indictment
George Shifflett

~

fr

J"f~L "
J} . ;)

Commonwealth

m~ad.-.e~e a.nor
October term, 1927

''o \ _ ,_

A True Bill:

tl3 )
-&lt;

~ '/ji -~
~'\ -

~ "'~

~
i

~ ~ -~ ~
,

~

-~~'3'i -.f
~

~J\
~

D. w. Earman
Commonwealth 's Attorney

�Commonwealth of Virginia, lT
•t·
Rockingham County, j o-wt ·
BE IT REMEMBERED that on the - ~!!_l_____ _day oL ________Q~~~!&gt;~.!'__ __ ___ _______ 192 7 ,------ --- --

--- - -- -------- George_ Shittle,t t _and_ Jaaes F. _Shifflett _______________ _______ __ __________ __ __
came before me ___ W. _L._ Dinsaere __ J ._ P •____ ---- ----- ------ -------- - - ----- ----------- -- ------- of the said county of Rockingham, and severally and respective3y acknowledged themselves to be indebted to the Cornmomvealth of· Virginia, in manner and form following, that is to say : the said
·-- - ---- - ------ - ------ -- George _Shifflett __ ____ ------ -- - -- -------,- ----- -- -- - --- --- in th e sum of

_______________________ Five Hundre, _____________________________________________________ Dollars

.

good and lawful money of the United States, and the saicl ____ L~•-~_t!.. _~!t~!J)._e_~~---------- ---in the sum

,o,f_ __ _____

!J.y_e__l!.~1!&lt;!~~~- ----- ------- - :-- ---Dollars

of like good and lawful money, to be

respectively made and levied of their several goods and chattels, lands and tenements, and they
severally waived the benefit of their Homestead Exemption as to this obligation, and also waived any
claim or right to discharge any li ability to the Commonwealth arising under this recognizance with
coupons detached from the bonds of this State, to the use of the Commonwealth of Virginia if the said

·-------------- --- --~~~.!"-'-•--~1'!:!.!n~~~----------- ______ shall make default in the performance of the
conditions underwritten.
The condition of the above r ecognizance is s uch that if th e above bound ______~!~~~! ___ ______ _
____ _____ §_~i_f_(.~~~~--- --- - -- - - -- -------- ----- - -- do and shall personally appear before the Circuit

Court -0.f Rockingham on the __!!~_____ day of the _____ _!}_r_~c!__.!_~rl __________ ___ __ _______ Term next
thereof, being the __!7~~----day oL--------~~~~~~~ ----------- - --1927

, at the Court-house thereof,

and then and there answer the Commonwealth of Virginia concerning a certain __ !~!".:.1_1!.l ____ ___ whereof the said ___ _________ ~J9..o.r-1-1LS.biffl_-j;3______ __ __ __ __________ ___ ___ stands chaiiged, and shall not
depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above r ecognizance shall be void and of no
effect, otherwise to r emain in full forc e and virtue.
Taken and acknowledged before me.,. the day and year first above written.
•

____________________________________ ____ J. P. __ ____ _______ _

��Form 192- -News-Record

Virginia, Rockingham County, to-wit:

Commonwealth vs.

Ge or,e Shittlett.

STATEMENT

JUSTI CE OF T HE PEACE ... ... . . ... .. . ... .

OF

I(

Ar rest Warra nt

l
. .. .... . .. . .... .. . . . . . . . .. $ - - - -

~

Sea r ch warran t

. .. . ... . .. ........ . . .. . . . . $ _ _ _ _ - - -

1 Trial

l

CONST ABLES, SH ERI FF, SERGEANT .. .. . ·

COSTS

Ba il

. .. . . .. . . . . ... . .. . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . $ _

00

_ _ _ - --

... . . .... . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . . ..... .... . . $_ _ __

I(

Ar r est

j

Sea rch Wa rran t . . . . ... . ... . ... . ... . .. . . . . $ _ _ _ _ -

. ... . .. ...•.. .. . ...... . .. ... . . . .. ..

·•- - - ~l_O _o_o_
-

1::~a::it~~~~~~.::::::: ::: : : ::::::::::: :___

Other F ees .. . . .. .. . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . $ - - - - - \ J . P. Cou r t . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . ..... . . . . . . .. .. $- - - -

ATTORNEY FOR THE COM M ONvVEALTH

•

-

~

I ------------------------------ ----------------•
L ------------------------------ ----------------- - - - - - -

1

Re.po,t of F i ...s, etc . . .. ·: . . .. . . .. ... .. . .. ... , _ __

CLERK OF THE COU RT .... . . ....... . .. . .

~

I

Witness Ce_rti fi cat es .... . .. .. . . ..... . .. .. .. . $- - - - _ _
Tria l

L Other

. .. .. ..... . . . .. . . . ... ...... . .. . . ..... $

Costs . .. .. ....... .. . . . .... ... .. .. .. . $_ __
Day s

\Vit nesses-Na m es

Miles

-----

Tolls

Amount

$

$

$

$

w

~

$

$

$

$

$

I hereby certify that the following additional witnesses were examined for the Commonwealth and were material witnesses:
W i tnesses-Names

D ays

Miles

s

Amoun t

Tolls

$_

_

_

$- - - $- - -- $
$~ - -$
$,_ __
$

I hereby certify that the foregoing is a correc

$- - -- -

�9

�Arrest Warrant
COMMONWEAL TH OF VIRGINIA, } TO WIT:
R OCKI NGHAM COUNTY,

To S. F. Newman, Deputy for C. YI . Dove, Sheri r f ~.mntahlat of said County:
Whereas,- --------'-W:.. .•:-=T----"._____;R
:;_: =e=
x :r:. _-•d
=- =e" '------ - - - - - - -Of the said County, has this day made
complaint and information on oath before me,- -- "-- -·'- L--.=- - - D
'- - _i__
n_am
_•--'-r'--e" -----

a Justice of the said County,

that_ __G
_e_o_r_...
c_e _S_h_i_f_f_l _e _t t_ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ ___________

of the said County, on the

27th

day of

JW!lt

192--7, in the said County, did

wilawfully and felonieusly pesaess a aeon-shine still and a quantity mf
aaah, a1ainat the peace and dipity ,r the Commonwealth of Virginia .

These are therefore, in the name of the Commonwealth of Virginia, to command you forthwith to apprehend and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said-- - -- - George Shifflett
to answer the said complaint and to be further dealt with according to law. And you are required to summon -----'J'-- .''----=L"-'.--=D-=i=-r-=
ti=•=-'~•,___ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _

No. 38

NEWS• RE CORD CO ., HARRI SONBU RG , YA..

�Commonw ealth
vs .

. } Arrest Warrant

q~9rs;, ....~.~i.,.o ...~~·· · · ··············· ·········· ······

Executed the within warrant by arresting
and delivering the body of

••····••········gft:~r,~ ...~.~~.U.!~:t,:t,.......... .
before .J!L ....L..

Dinara.ore .. .................. ...

a Justice of Rockingha m County, and by summoning the within named witnesses in person,

�In the Name of the Commonwealth of Virginia:
To the Sheriff o f Rockingham County, Greeting :

YoU, are hereby commanded to summon .. ....................

to appear before the Judge of the Circuit Uourt, of; IJi!'k~ngham 5JP1.,nty, at the Uourt
... 19. ~
~/ u-t(.
of
House thereof, at 10 o'clock, a. m ., on the ... .

to testify and

th:.,2J!f;h ~o ~ay_i:

1~y

be;alf of th e Comm onwealth against .......... .

· ···· · · · · ~ · ~ · • • · ···

Ncwr-Record, Harrisonburg, Va.

�Execute d ~

l,'

/fllr

within Summons to

by delivering a true Copy of the

.,d;_~ "Vt~

~

·······-·_j n person.

'

�Commonwealth of Virginia :

To the Sheriff of Rockingham County, Greeting :

You are hereby commanded to summon ......... .. ... .,.... .. ..... ........... ..... .. ..... ... .. .. .. .. .. ... ........ .. ... .. .. .. ........ .. ..

....J. -~ ...:L.!I! ... :Ptr.:tl. p g ., ... f..,.... $ .•... .:N ~.wm..an ..~n.d ... .( • . .T.•... R.e xr oo.e.............

to appear before tbe Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, at the Court House
19 2 7,
.OG.iiope:(".,
da y of
],. '7iil1,
thereof, at JO o'clock, a. m ., on the
to testify and the truth to say in behalf of the Commonwealth before the GRAND JURY

vs .

Geor g e Shiffle t t

who stands charged witb and indicted for a felon y misdemeanor.
.. t h .ey .... . .. . shall not omit under the penalty of £100.
And this
and there this Writ.

~~

And bave then

::z~:~

Witness , /. F. BLACKBUR N, Clerk of our said Court, at the Court House, the .

day of . .... .......O ct

•.. ........ ....... ...... 19: p

P&amp;L PRESS, Ha" iJonb11rg, Va.

6

it

. ) J ~~.h

�&lt;9c/°J:.1., /f'-f? by delivering a true &lt;..;op~ of th~ .
~ ~ ~~
with in Sum mon s to

Exac utec i

_ _ in pers on .

+&gt;
+&gt;
Q)

r-l

~

r+--l
r+--l

+&gt;
r-l

·r-1

ro

~

en

Q)

~

(])

ql)

0

H

~ -w~; J, ;( :
t;\\

"
~f

t'--

•

0
0
0

r-

0)

&gt;

~r

+&gt;

Q)

0

0

0

--- --- --~

_, /

�Ur. Blackbura ;•
Pleaae decket this case for the Grand Jury. No preliminary
examination held as Mr. Newman just pivked this man up teday.

W. L. Dinsmore. J.P.

�'

.

�'

S I.~ ( '

%[,

/
(

I

': (

'

,.

:2., / 0

' ·- - - ;-

L ~- yO

"J-, &lt;..f:-0

- t)
L _ ~ L r ;~
g
.
/'f

4-k6- ,u,
/-,, r
, C. 1
f

-

'

;i WA ✓
,/1

I

/.. tc
,&lt;-;( f} /

1-.~

i

I

I ()

�In the Circuit Court of Rockingham County,
................................................................ . .... . Term

I9 0

. .. tllis day p resented in Court an account ag ainst Lite Court

rf Rocking ham f or thC- s1tnz of$

..... , for S ervice

·- ·· ·········-·--········-- ------------··· · ·-·······---------------------- ----------'
·-----------------·······-·····-----------·----·······--·······················-········--·------------·····---------------------------·-------------------····

whiclt being sworn to , was ex amined and approved by the Court, and ordered to be certified to Lite Treasurer of
this county for payment.
.. .

................................. ........ Clerlo.
F o rm 192- Ber lin.

���COMMOT,M
. •-.WEALTH
·

• I

vs.

(

Misd-r

GJOORGE S _ HIFFLETT

•

Pro• )

/

I

t
-

1{

.·l

'~
~

I
ii
j'

f

lt

... . .

J

•
~

'.
J

.

�,

I
I •
I

:-1

'

~

-

.

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34871">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Shifflett</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34872">
                <text>Felony; Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34873">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="34874">
                <text>guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="34875">
                <text>Still and mash</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34876">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34877">
                <text>1927</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34878">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34879">
                <text>RcPr-box6-051</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34880">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34881">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="34882">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="164">
        <name>Shifflett</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="3164" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2978">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/26ff866e3af9ebd01a0d1cbe6bc75c78.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ac338ca24c3837b91bbdcba01ed48aa1</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48403">
                    <text>cm

JQiiJ'l(E_

L~r O::T

VIRGI 2.\T I. '

-J OUHTY OF . . oc:;II NG: , , to - wit :

I n the Circu it Court of said Count y :
Tl e grand juror s in and. for the body of s · d co1.mty of
Rocki ng am and now atten ding sa id Court at its ~ec em.h~ term
,
1 92 8, upon t:rce ir oatLs do prese nt that Georg e h i fflet t , who
was he re t ofo e on the 7th day of Novem ber , 1927 , co nvict ed
of
viola ting the Proh i biti on l aws of the Commonweal th of Virg
inia
i n tl1e Circu it Court of said Ro ri ngham Count y , and. ho then
and t h ere was sente nced to pay a fine of fifty dolla rs and
to
serve f or a peri od of sixty days in jail, did , wi thi n ona
year
next pri or to t h e f i nd i ng of this i nd ictme nt , i n the s aid
count y
of ook i ngham , unlaw full and felon iousl have i n h is posse
ssion
a still , still cap , worm , tub , ferme nter , and other appli ances
conne ct ed ~i th and used i n the opera tion of a still , witho
ut
havin e the same re gi ste r ed. as req_u ired by law , and. about sixty
gallo ns of mash , agai n st the pea ce and digni ty of t Le Commo
nwealt h of Virgi n ia .

This indic tme nt i s f ound on the test i mony of

s.

vi tness es sworn i n Court and sent befor e the
grand

u ry .

�~
Still and masl.,.
Second offense
ommonweal th
v)

I ndictment

George S~ i ff lett

Fe lo ny

Decemb

term , 192 8

~ \,

D. VI . .t;arrnan
Commonwealth ' s Attorney

/

�Port Republic, Va., Uec mber 6th, 1928

Mr. J. F. Blackburn,
Deputy Clerk Circuit Court,
Harrisonbur g , Virginia.
Dear Mr. Blackburn:

I herewith submit warrant in the case of the
Commonwealth

v.

George Shifflett, caught this date by Sheriff.

Favley and S. F . Newman , his deputy, on the charge of unlawful
possession of a. complet e distilling outfit a.nd a certain quantity
of mash &amp;c.

I

r. Shifflett waived prel'minary hearing. I he.ve
bonded him f or his appearance before the Circui't Court on the 17th,
with hi s brother James F. Shif flett a s surety in the sum of $500.
Yours very truly ,

L. Dinsmore, J.P.

�'\

,. ,

L

.
I
f

GC

G

.

)

p

~· &gt;

p._.11.

�~tub nf ]Itrgtuttt.
o.tnuuty of iRnrkiugqam,

l

To-wit:

J

To the Sheriff orang Police Officer or Constable of the said Countg:
WHEREAS, ____________Cl'_!~r)._e_~ _!_l_. __F:'~"! ~-81. L

??_~~!! _f___ _____ _______ ____ ____ ___ of

the said County,

. d ay mad e comp1amt
· an d m
· formatlon
· on oath b efore me, . _:_ _• __ L-~- Dinsmore
·
h as t h 1s
- - ----- __ ___ __ _____ , a Jushce
of the Peace of the said County, that _______g~.9_r_g_~ -~!lAUJ!=!_t_~ __ ___________ ___ ___ __in the said County,
did on the ____ 9j:,_l} __ day of_ __________I?~~-~!!_!l&gt;!:3!'___ _________ ____ , 192~- -- =

Unlawfully have in his possession a complete still and a certain
quant ity of mash , against the peac e a nd dignity of the Commonweal t h
of Virginia .

TH ESE AR E, TH EREFORE, To command you, in the name of the Commonwealth, to apprehend
and bring before me, or some other Justice of the said County, the body of the said ____ _______________ _

____ ______ ___ _____ ____ g~_q_r:g~_:_~~~-J_~~~!,______ ________ _to answer the said complaint and to be further
dealt with according to law. And you are also directed to summon ___ _____ _____ __ ___ __ ____________ ___

S. F. Newman

____ ____ ______ ___. __ ______ ___ ____ ___ __________ ___ ___ ____________ ____ __ _______ __; as ,vitnesses.
Given under my hand and seal, this ____§:!,_!l_l Qi_~
;

.

____ _____ .f ___

____

•m~•!... ________ _____ , 192_L .

--- ✓---~~~~
-=
.

_,:__q.?_~-, J.P.

[SEA L]

�ST AT E OF VI RGINI A-Cou NTY

OF

RocKINGHAM, To-WIT:

I, ___ ____ ~-.L- _Dinsmo r.e_________ ____ ______ __ - ---- - - -----·• a Justice of the Peace
in and for the
· h am, y 1rg1ma,
· · · do h ereoy
1
C ounty o f R oc1nng
·t
certt y t lmt_ ________
George
_ __ Shi!fle
tt ___ ____ ___ _________ an d
___ ________

___ ___ ________ ____Jame.s_ .r. _.S_n.U!]._~~~ _____ _____ ______ __ __________________ _______ __ as
his suret.r- _,

h ave this day acknow ledged themselves indebted to the Commo nwealth of Virginia
in the sum of
_______ ___ ___Fi..v_e. _HW'ld.:ced__ ___________ ___ __ _____ ____ Dollars ($_ -~Q9______ __), to
be made and levied
o f t1eir
l . good s an d c h atte1s, upon t h"1s con d"1tton:
·
Th at th e sat"d ___
___ .Q. ___Shif
Georue
_ _____
_ _ _ _______ _ _____ __ _ _ _ _
!lett
shall appear before i)nJIJ IXiln~ :W the Circuit Court of Rocking ham County,
on the __ l.1~JL ___ _
day of_ ______ __ __ __Deceroher ___ ____ ____ ____ , 192 8 __ , and not leave he~ce without
leave of the said
Court, to answer the charge in this warrant , or to await the action of the Grand
Jury of the said
County upon the within charge.
Given under my hand this, the __~j,-~ __ ____ day oL-JIJ ::(,P,_c_f:_ !3t ---- -- -- --, 19/
4
-- -·•· --- -'· --- ~

(]
0

3

....==

~
0

0

:::

iS"

"=

~

~

C

::r

-· .
-~~,t;
:::

en
...
3

(]
~

:!.
'"

~

...0==

~

"'"'

:::
:i"

"'
:-

._
=
"'

....2-

~

(")

p

&gt;
:::: l
5: 5.
C

()o.

~

-'

;:::;

()

~

"'(1:,
"'

0
0
rJ')

~

....__

..:.:r.i

...,

0

: \°L

f,f;'

: (JS :&amp;a
:
I

:~
' "

I
I
I

&amp;a

&amp;a
I
I

I

I

-- · - ------,J . P.

00

€#,

rJ')

(,")

€#,
I

!~

:~
:~
:~

:&lt;&gt;t :&lt;&gt;-.
~

I

C:::..·

I
I

-i

........&lt;
0

0

t;! CD

Cl&gt;

;:s

C,
¢

s::

sCf' ::sp.

CD

-

(I\

'1 '1

B
I-''&lt;

'""CJ
'1

....
Cl

~
I-'·
::s
\'I)

--s

'&lt;

ID

a, .
X

OJ ~
p.

m
....::s

N t:5'"

\'I)

c+

::r
....
co
c+

::r

(!)

.

.

&gt;-cl

°'::rc+
p.

~

c+

t-'•
0

::s

-

::

C
~o.
"'I

-J;

0

c::

"O
0

;::.'

:::.-

(1:,

(1:,

C

(")
(")

=
"'i:l.
(1:,

=

c..

-

&lt;
Cl&gt;

Q.

I
I
I

.....
.....

'O
:Cl&gt;
,o

:'

(1:,

~

1'1
C'l

r:,

~

;m

I

C

3
.....
:::

: ti)

C

I

o·
;::

' O&gt;

'ct-

- i'

'::r

0

::r
(1:,

I

,.
I

I
I
I

:: '"'
I-'
I
I

GI

c+
c+

-'
......
.....,

&gt;

;::::,
::c,

&gt;
z

--l
0
'Tj

t=j

'
I

-~ :...

en
~

c..

C

'&lt;

0
0

a:

~

0

z

~
~

&gt;
&gt;
;::::,
t"'4

;::::,

--....==- J~~
'
..-

~.

,,..._
....
,:;)'

I

Pl
I-'-

~

:"

, - ,·---._

~

;::

:i.
::...

t=j
~

(1:,
(")

""3
::c:

\

�.
COMMON\'IEALTH

vs.

Felony _(Pro.)
-

George Shi~flett

i

l
l

i

i

f
I:

~
}

2nd

�1

I

lI .

)

J

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35599">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Shifflett</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35600">
                <text>Felony; Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35601">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="35602">
                <text>guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="35603">
                <text>posession of still</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35604">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35605">
                <text>1928</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35606">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35607">
                <text>RcPr-box7-055</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35608">
                <text>PDF </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35609">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="35610">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="164">
        <name>Shifflett</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="8431" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6996">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_001_072-commonwealth-v-george-shifflett.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e86fa754ffbb0a993dbe06ab48512d2a</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="93205">
                    <text>�~f lk«~~
~~

--

J. (, f--t'.-, l,,l, ~

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93195">
                <text>1892</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93196">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Shifflett</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93197">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="93198">
                <text>Concealed Weapon</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93199">
                <text>Defendant charged with misdemeanor concealed weapon. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93200">
                <text>JMU LIbraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93201">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93202">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93203">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93204">
                <text>CCR001_001_072</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="164">
        <name>Shifflett</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24292" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14366">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_021_038.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1acf10b103904cd081e2811c7ac574a8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270543">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Shifflett</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270544">
                <text>1900</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270545">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270546">
                <text>Stab</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270547">
                <text>cut and wounding with intent to kill</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270548">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony stabbing, cutting and wounding. Not guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270549">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270550">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270551">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270552">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270553">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270554">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270555">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270556">
                <text>Ccr002_021_038</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="164">
        <name>Shifflett</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="142">
        <name>Wyant</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24255" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14329">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_021_001.pdf</src>
        <authentication>b761f909a76c6119cc9dd356263b2ec8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270077">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Simmers</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270078">
                <text>1897</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270079">
                <text>Robbery</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270080">
                <text>Assault</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270081">
                <text>Defendant charged with robbery and assault.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270082">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270083">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270084">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270085">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270086">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270087">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270088">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270089">
                <text>Ccr002_021_001</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="397">
        <name>Riggleman</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="376">
        <name>Simmers</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25062" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15063">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_011_037.pdf</src>
        <authentication>08d15e82bc7919e39db757f9abaf939c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280491">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Sipe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280492">
                <text>1838</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280493">
                <text>Assault</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280494">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and did beat, wound, and ill treat. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280495">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280496">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280497">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="280498">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="280499">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280500">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280501">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280502">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280503">
                <text>Ccr002_011_037</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="160">
        <name>Sipe</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24963" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14965">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_013_059.pdf</src>
        <authentication>76c830ab69bf27caea9a5c11add5b1f0</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279170">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Smiley</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279171">
                <text>1852</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279172">
                <text>Assault and Battery</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279173">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and battery. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279174">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279175">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279176">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="279177">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="279178">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279179">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279180">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279181">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279182">
                <text>Ccr002_013_059</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="744">
        <name>Jones</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3032">
        <name>Smiley</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2924" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2739">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/9edee4e218e013420409dd6aee8a5164.pdf</src>
        <authentication>6e504d8807e2e1a7ed047894fd7c30de</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48164">
                    <text>COMMQ:r; VEA. LTH o-r:i VI RGI IA ,

cotnf'l Y
1

I n t he

O ROCKI NG HA. 1:I , to-wit:

Circ uit Cour t of s a i d Count y :
The grar:d. j urors in and for th e body of s i d Coun t y

of Roc kingham an d n ow a.t t endin g sai d Court at i ts J une t erm ,
l ~Z3 ~ upon t h eir o at h s d..o 1Jr e sen t that George Snyder a,nd . • ?~.
Bowman, wi t h in one

ear next

)r i or t o t he f ir.!d ing of' t hi s

in dic t men t , i n t h e -sa. id Co unt y of Hoc k i ngha.m , d i d

unlawfull y

man ufac t ur e , sel l , off er , kee p , sto r e and expose for s a le ,
giv e a way , t r ansp or t, dispens e, s olicit, a dver tise and
'

rece ive o rder s for ard ent spir i ts ,

gai nst t he

peace

nd

d i gnity of t he Commonweal th of Vi r ginia.
The jur or s a f o r esa i d u pon t he i r oa t h s afor e sai d d o
f u rt her _pr esent t hat George Sn der and

1 •

: .

ovnna n within

on e yea r nex t p r i or t o t he finding of t his L_d i ctrr.en t in the
sa id County of Hoc kingham , d..i d un l av1 f ul l y have in t he ir p osse s sion
a st i l l , s til l ca , wor

1,

tub, f erment er , a d o t he r appliance s

c onne cted Wlilth and us ed i n t he operation of a s t il l , wi th out
havi 1~ t he sa me r egister ed

s req_uired b y law , a gaius t t h e

peace · nd d igp i t y of t he Commonwe al t h o f Vir g i n ia. .

'.1'h is
Jj1 u l

ind._ic tme nt is f ound

n t 4 e t e st i mony of C. D.

k , H. D . Br own , a nd J . L •.D i rti ng , wit ne sse s sw or n i n Cour t

a nd s en t

e

e t he grand j ury t o gi ve ev i de nc e .

~z /' , 44.-

�Vi ol. i r o . Ac t
C01 ..lLl ON W.Sa Y.

1

v.
GEOR GE Sl lYDER a nd

• h ., BOW:.!11.H

f. 1.Iis dem ean or

rue Bi ll

·. .l

Y"

~ ~
\

-.~

-

~

c·~~ ,
:
s
t'

r

(,'

r -~ ~

~ - ~" ~.
, '

j

f
\

Ea rma n ,

onw ea.l t h ' s Att orn ey .

~

\

;

~

-c--

:-.l

�Th... ·

ook ing

ar,

.,

~

b fo ·. · t -~ \mr:l tu•:1 an-4 B~i l Comm1 ton er·
'for

count:,- ~JA .~f«::1::..--~!L

wh · j 1nt l. and ,,eve

t th jr oc~ • n d eha .tt la. l n

CZ~..1..-/.J:r~":::::::..--lev lab le

~

nd t

liab U.l ty aria tng to tl ft Coa oonfta l tt ot
ir~ tnt und r t 11_ MOO lft
i • ano e • by o uy,on• tteta oh~d. from t ie, bon
ds ot thit s st ·e • the •a14

aur•t.1

t o au f o! eucy , uud r oatl l,

ot aa14 dq , at H1-rr1 onb \1.r g,

lr _f.n i ,

CotrreGn •ft~ th

ot 1ra1 n1a oonotu111ng .a cer tain ~
-.-Lot " oh 'h-, ~tan da oh.arc•
e4 and •ha ll not dep an tM? efro • 1d.th o·jt leav
e ~t a..id ~ Q ~t , tl1en .
thia o'bl 1"a tion to be T014 • oth ttnt i e to
•N

·

1. or f\t11 f r a

Vlr iWh

1Ten unde~ my han 4

a .rti: f · &lt;l

o

l &gt;JJ

• B il. O

ias i on~~ th1a

tJ

d u,jl at

ir ork :t the r11rouit Cou rt ot noold.nghlUI Cou
nty.

��$'

Ai ..c OF VI GI IA. R( orIUGH

comr y . t.o it.

Thia day o:.un , bfttore t he unt1e r t .gned. Ball Comml 1tone r -ro r
Rookincham

&lt;------------

County--M:..!(~_ ..t3:;;-..c{_/ /.!::'!.:. k

who jointl y

M

S«!Vf3.1'

l ly aoknowl~d 'i:!@d themaAlve • 1nt1e-bt d to the

Commonwealth ot V1r~1n1a 1n the

ll!\l.11!

or

JnJ

,t-1/

leviable

of th lr good• and 0},.att la , lands and tenement• for the

CoDlllonwttalth r endered, and a.a to t

payment of.

UBe

ot t
oh

'hi.oh thfl!Y

mae

XP.mption• a.nfl any r.i ht to (iieah rge any

waive their homet1ttead

llabili ty e.ri 1ng to the Oo:mnonwaal th or V1r«1n1a under this Noogn

izanoe • by ooU'pona d.,tnohed tro,ll t

P-

bondo o

th l e fllt nte . tht! aaid

ot said dny, at Marr i onburg, Vtt",\ i nin , to anew(.)r t.h"" Common ~alth

ot Virginia oonoftm1ng a oert i n
ed

(lM-"'~~t

!eh hP "t nn • oh rg-

nd ehall not d.npart th~r :f'rom without l~ :ve of t:1A.i d Co ·trt, th n

this obl1 a tlon t o b

-Yoid • ot ~rw1s-, to

e a.in or ft.tl 1 fol"c

~nd

virtue.
Given under my h

~

e.

D 11 Commte sicmtl!r th1e

7

dtty

ot

1923 .

Certi f i

t ·o t ie Cl l'k of t

Ci r cuit Court 01• tOOk1n · 1am Count y .

��Commonwealth of Virginia,}T
Rockingham County, o-wt•t··
BE IT REMEMBERED that on the_ J2.t .h
___ day of_ _____ ~~~~y________________
___ l92 3

,---

---- ---___________ ..G..eo_~'1ny.d..er_..a.nd.._~~-.K._.E.Q!lfi
lc!D________________________________________
_________ _
came befo re me ______ _J_..,_ 3{_ _.._ ..Kei _t_e
r~_____a,_J_l!~_t.i~-~-----: _____ ::_______
: _______ -: _______-:_ ______ -

of the said cou nty of Roc king ham , and
seve rall y and resp ecti vely acknowledg
ed them selv es to be indeb ted to the Com mon wea lth of Virg
inia , in man ner and form following,
that is to say : the said

__________ Geo_ Sw der _ - ___ - _____ - ____
- ___ - _____ - _____ - ____- ____ - ____ - __ ___ in the sum of
_________ Fiv e_ Hu ndr ed - _____ - ____
- _____ - _____ - ___ - ____- ____ - ____ - ___
- _____- ___ Dol lars ,
good and law ful mon ey of the Uni ted
Stat es, and the said ____ .A .. _KL _ l3_Q., YID
AU =--- ---- ---- ---- -in the sum of_ ___fj.y_~ __ ]I~p_q_t~.9-_____
-:_ ____: _____ :-____ Dol lars of like good
and law ful money, to be
resp ecti vely mad e and levied of thei
r seve ral goo ds and chat tels , land s
and tene men ts, and they
seve rally wai ved the benefit ,of thei r
Hom este ad Exemiption as to this obli gati
on, and also wai ved any
clai m or righ t to disc harge any liab ility
to the Com mon wea lth aris ing und er
this recognizance with
cou pon s deta ched from the bon ds of this
Stat e, to the use of the Com mon wea lth
of Virg inia if the said
_________ iteo __S.?JY.9.JH' _____ ~_____:_ ____
_ _:-______:_ _____ :-_shall mak e defa ~lt in
the p erfo rma nce of the
con ditio ns und erw ritte n.
The con ditio n of the above reco gniz
ance is such that if the abo ve bou nd ____
_________________ _
---- ~Q~ Q__~DY_c!.El!"__________-_
______ :-_______ _:-____ do and shal l pers ona
lly app ear befo re the Circ uit
Cou rt of Roc king ham on the __ Lct t ____
day of the ____ JJ_e_xt ____ ~_____-:_ ____:
____ : ____ :-___ Ter m nex t
ther eof, bein g the ___Utt) .L_ day of_ ____
,!~. rr_~ ---- ---- ---- ---- ---1 92 3, at the
Cou rt-h ouse ther eof,
and then and ther e answ er a bill of indi
ctm ent to b e pref erre d to the Gra nd
Jur y in and for said
Cou nty aga inst him the said ______ __
_g_~Q __~!}Y.9-_~!'_____-:_ ____ -: _______: ________
for a ________ M..i~A~~-~?191: ________
___________ by him committed, for unla
wfu lly and ~c/4(.,/ii,i//

-=-------~-------=------

_hav ing __i n __ his _po sse ssi on_ a_l
ot_ of mas h_f rom _ wh ich _ ard ent _ sp
iri ts are ___ _
ma
nuf
act
mre
d
---- ---- ---- ---- ---L end a St ill
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

---- - ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

---- ---

·w here of the said _______Qeo_....SD.Y-de.r
_________________________________ stan
ds char ged , and shal l not
dep art then ce with out the leav e of said
Cou rt, then the abo ve recognizance shal
l be void and of no
effect, othe rwis e to r ema in in full forc
e and virt ue.
Taken and ackn owl edg ed befo re me,
the day and yea r first above writ ten.

- - - - - - - - J._ /4 /~~

_/?___ _

�CQ:illlMONWEALTH

vs

•

~~:~
(REC OGN I ZANCE . )

�1

•t.
Commonwealth of Virginia, T
Rockingham County,J o-wt ·
BE IT REMEMBERED that on the ___ I2.fill __ day of_ ___ _j_~-------------------- 192 3 ,----------___________ A. _K ._ Bowman and_ E. _S ._ K iracofe--------------- ------------------------ ------

came before In!e __________ 3_.__W_.__Ke.it.er. .. _.a._Jus.tic.e________________________________________ _
of the said county of Rockingham, and severally and r espectively acknowledged themselves to be indebted to the Commonwealth of Virginia, in manner and form following, that is to say: the said
________ A.__ K. _B owman ___________________________________________________________ in the sum of
__ Dollars,
good and lawful money of the United States, and the said ________E_.__S_._..Ki.rl!co.fe ___________ _
in the sum of_ ________ ...FiY_e._Hu...ndl:.ed ________________ Dollars of like good and lawful money, to be
r espectively made and levied of their several goods and chattels, lands and tenements, and they
severally waived the benefit ,o f their Homestead Exeniption as to this obligation, and also waived any
claim or right to discharge any liability to the Commonwealth arising under this r ecognizance with
coupons detached from the bonds of this State, to the use of the Commonwealth of Virginia if the said

__________A.,_X.-'-..Eowm.~ri_____________________________ shall make default in the performance of the
conditions underwritten.
The condition of the above recognizance is such that if the above bound ..::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::=:::::::====~
________ _A_.__.K_!!_J3_Q.V tt!t~D----- ___________________ do and shall personally appear before the Circuit

Court of Rockingham on the __ ..I.s.t.. ___ day of the ____ liiex.t. ____________________________ Tenn next
thereof, being the __ J_?_i)! ___ day of_ ____ J_~J:]~----------- - -------192 3 , at the Court-house thereof,
and then and there answer a bill of indictment to be preferred to the Grand Jury in and for said
County against him the said _____________ ...,A._. _ _K_. __ B_o:wm.an~--- ____ ------------- _________________ _
for a _________]l,1;1.13_q_ew,_e_1MJ,_p.,;i;: ___________________ by him committed, for unlawfully and :J;e)6,.rl/~/

___ b-AYln__g __ln __b._i_s_p_Q.s_s_e_55j_Q~___ rv__l_Q:t; __Qf_J11.a.Qb__f:rorr1_which__ g.;r.d_en.t__ 5p_tti.;_~--------

______arem.anuf ac:tu:teii....__~nd_ a St.i.ll- ------------------------ ------------------------ ---

whereof the said _____ A .. _K. ... _B.. ,'JWID..aD. _______________________________ stands charged, and shall not
depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above recognizance shall be void and of no
effect, otherwise to r emain in full force and virtue.
Taken and acknowledged before me, the day and! year first above written.

------------?}-._JL it:i,.i;_ .__ ._£ -----

�COMilt~ON"'NF..AL TH

vs
A• K. BOWMAl~-•

(Recognizanc e.)

�Ct

} ":L- , _

•

�•

�-

J

2.

30

3 .. 3
ti

j

7

t 1.. , 4-

}Q ,2·

&lt;;J3'

/ ' - {,

t

), \?'V)

I

��In the Nam e of the Com mon wea lth of Virg inia
:
To the Sheri ff of Rock ingha m Coun ty, Greet
ing:

You, a,re hereb y com,n uind ed to siim,n ion .. ..

to rippe ar befor e the Jiidg e of' the Circ uit
Coiir t of' Rock ingh am, Coun ty, at the Cow·
t
Ho1,ise thereof, at 10 o'cloc k, a . m,., on the.
clC/,y of . ... 2 - ~ . 19 ..~-?,
to testif 'y and the tnith to S(ly in beha lf' of' t-he
Coma nonw ealth ngai nst.

J-~ . . .

······~

·········· ·.

· · ' .L ~ ~ ·~·· ·

a

-?C - #~ ~'. ':?' .:? ~~ ~

who st rincls ch a,rge d with and 1,ncl-icted /'or a,
felon y - ;m,is-d,em;en,TaJ1•.
And this . ..~
.sha,l l not omit iincle r the pena lty of' £ZOO .
And hnve then
nncl there thi s Writ.
/
Witn ess, J. F. BLA CKB URN , Clerk of' our
said Co1,irt, at the Coiir t Hous e, the
3 / day of .. . ~ ....., 19~ , ancl in the 14..~ th yew· of' the Com
monw ealth .

.:£

News-Record, Harrisonb11rg, Va.

l

±ec ~~ ., Clerk.

�--VO .

f

." .,1

�In the Na me of the Co mm onw eal
th of Virginia:
You , are her eby com nuin dec l to
sum mo n ...

To the She riff of Roc king ham
Cou nty, Gre etin g:

to app ear befo re the Jud ge of
the Cir cui t Cou rt of Roc lcin _ffh
am Cou nty, at the Con rt
Hoi is e ther eof, at 10 o'cl ock , a .
m., on the.
day of. , S ~
19&amp; -:?
to test ily anc l the tru th to S{l.y in beh
alf of the Com nion U'e alth a._ffains
t.. .

I~-t:h}___

m,is dern ean or .
.11.nd this ... ~
· ......... .sha ll not om it w1,d er the pen
alty of £ l 00. .il.ncl hnve then
a,nd ther e this Wri t.
Wit nes s, J . F. BL. ii.C KE UR.N',
Cle rk of ow· saic l Cow ·t, at the
Coz irt Hoi ise, t li e
£.. . .cla y of S . ~ , ..... ., 1 9,/.J,
.,3, and in the 14 .. ~ h yea r of
the Con imo nwe alth .
..... ~
News• Record, Harrisonburg, V,1.

b

· ..

~ .... ~ C l erk.

��News-Record.

Harrisonburg:, Va .

In the Name of the Comm onwe alth of Virginia:

To the Sheriff of Rockin gham County , Greetin g:

You are hereby comm,anded to su1n11ion.

tJ ,

..... . .
·· · ·· . ... ...4;&gt;

~
... ..~._,_

. - ,/

~

~~

..·... ..·.. ..........
. .~·....·. . . .. ..-.....·... .-::
...~ ...
·· ···· ·· .·... ......~.....~
/ ···,,(;)
,J,.¥··.J'
'.... ·· ·:···;····,/.\.

/" · ·;;z,····· tZ J~.
Count y, at the Court
to a,ppea r before the Judge of the Uircui t Court of Roclci nghnm
House, at 10 o'cloclc, ci.m., on the ................ L .~ .
to t estify and the truth to say in behalf of

dny of... .

.. ~ ............. .. 19~

. ,.3

then
....... .... shall not omit under the pena lty of £100. And have
And this ...
and there this
at the Court House, the
Witness, J. F . BLAC KBUR N, l'lerlc of our said Cou,rt,

/~d ay

of f ~ ,~~:~andin,he~:;;;:;:;;:;:::

�~

11

�th of Virginia:
In the Na me of the Co mm onw eal
of Roc king ham
To the Sher iff

Cou nty, Gre eting :

nwn .
You, are here by com,m,a nde d to snm

.,

at the Uou,rt
u,it Con rt of' Roc kinJ ham Cou nty,
Circ
the
of'
Jfe
Ju,d
the
re
bef'o
em·
to app
19.';4,:;l
.day ~f'. .... ~ ...
on the . . .J
Hon se ther eof, at l!f1o 'clo ck, f , m.,
.......... ........ .
alf' of' the Com nion wea lth a }fa inst
to test i f'y and the tnit h to say in beh
.. .
..
......
,C..

a .~'--_

···········••···························/ t •.tr':.~

. .~ .

~ ~~

icte d for ci ~ y misc lem,ean or,
who stan ds cha rjfecl wit h and ind
alty of £10 0, ./1.nd hav e then
. . ..sha ll not omi t wid er the pen
. ..
./1.nd this . ....
and ther e this Wri t.
Con rt Hou se, the
Cle rk of our said Cou rt, at the
,
URN
CKB
._
B_L.JI
/(.
J
·
ess,
lVitn
Com mon wen lth.
"4, ancl in the 14 -7-..thy ear of't he
19'
.,
.
~
of'..
ay
{'J:.:::-:-.cl
_Cle rk.
~

.. 71:!:£'~

News- Record, Harris onbur Q, Va .

�~ - ~ - - - -- ~~
~ J bJJ' 'o/1~

A#~ ~

½~1 ~

-

�Arrest Warrant
COMMO NWEAL TH OF VIRGIN IA, } TO WIT:

id County , has this day made

nd you forthw ith to appreThese are therefo re, in the name of the Comm onweal th of Virginia, to comma
the said- - - - - - and bring before me, or some other Justi~e of the said County, the body of
d to sumcompla int and to be further dealt with accord ing to law. And you are require

moJ-V'. B:o/, ~a . 7 '

/J,,,.,.,.._

ation touchin g the said offence.
to appear and give eviden ce in behalf of the Comm onweal th, on the examin
Given under my hand and seal this ~-~- - -

No.38

�Commonwealth of Vi r g i n i a VS

:J ay

Ge o Snyder a nd A. K. Bowma n .

12t-h 1923. At Tuty t on . Va.

The with in case wa s th i s day hear'1 by me, J. W.- Ke i t er a Just i c e

of t he sairi County, a nri t.he riefer:vian ts Geo Snyder anti A. K.
Buvvma.n f our1ri guilty a s char geri in the within warrant, and
r eco g:nized in t.h e s um of Fi ve Hundreri Dol lars e a c h f or t h e i r
a ppearanc e bef re t.l1e Ci rcuit Cou rt of Roc k i ngha m County on t h e
fir s t. d.a:Y of t h e n ext t,erm t h ereof.
Ct&gt;st s .

lit~

- $3.00

Justice
Sheriff
com- Atty

22 . 0 0

ii

1 0. 0 0

J...15 .00

l

l

...r::
d

~

~....

"'&gt;.

~
~

..c

~

...
UJ

~
""
-i:
,.._A-,

o \3

.
;
1
:

·-:,
';:

~

~

0

u

"e::
~

.;

"'

J.P.

-.£

;~ ~ ·
.::

a~ ~~

~

~

r

(/)

a~

.
1 §;; \Sf
~

r)

\:. .

~•"'¼J
~

-

\

j

~

~
"....
.2.

.

..c

4

'§~

~

j

~

-~~v;,

.]
'

i

~

.

0

0::

~

~

.

..c
&lt;::I

¥~

~

]~~

�l
•I

George Snyde r
.A.. K.Bowman

t
}

ods

lndiotr ilent for a Misdeme anor

Commonwealth

i

J,~

· ..

t /
~ I,._,.
/•' /

I

..

/' ~j'17 ,ft'~.
'4,•
/

-

�.

f
t

•
,.
l

\

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32722">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Snyder and A.K. Bowman</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32723">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Guilty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32724">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32725">
                <text>guilty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32726">
                <text>Homestead Exemption</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32727">
                <text>arrest warrant</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32728">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32729">
                <text>1923</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32730">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32731">
                <text>RcPr-box3-048</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32732">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32733">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32734">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="297">
        <name>Bowman</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="404">
        <name>Snyder</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24273" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14347">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_021_019.pdf</src>
        <authentication>958ce14e43c58047fa00e3f21856cd71</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270308">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Spinnard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270309">
                <text>1898</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270310">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270311">
                <text>Assault and Battery</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270312">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony assault and battery.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270313">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270314">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270315">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270316">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270317">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270318">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270319">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270320">
                <text>Ccr002_021_019</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="3976">
        <name>Spinnard</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24319" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14393">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_020_013.pdf</src>
        <authentication>56120c10fb6ff6cfb0e16469e49f83c8</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270885">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Stewart</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270886">
                <text>1890</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270887">
                <text>Dispose whiskey at campground</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270888">
                <text>Defendant charged with disposing whiskey at campground.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270889">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270890">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270891">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270892">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="270893">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270894">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270895">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270896">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="270897">
                <text>Ccr002_020_013</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1383">
        <name>Stewart</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25076" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15077">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_011_051.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ea0c98f11613f5a5d713030b65e482e1</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280676">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Utsler</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280677">
                <text>1839</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280678">
                <text>Assault</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280679">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and did beat, wound, and ill treat. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280680">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280681">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280682">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="280683">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="280684">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280685">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280686">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280687">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="280688">
                <text>Ccr002_011_051</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1740">
        <name>Utsler</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24538" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14542">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_017_009.pdf</src>
        <authentication>285810b92233f86350849a47aaca015b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273588">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George W. Airey</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273589">
                <text>1867</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273590">
                <text>Fornication</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273591">
                <text>Defendant charged with fornication. Nolle Prosequi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273592">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273593">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273594">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="273595">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273596">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273597">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273598">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273599">
                <text>Ccr002_017_009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1127">
        <name>Airey</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1128">
        <name>Plaugher</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="6613" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6348">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_003_002-commonwealth-v-george-w-bear.pdf</src>
        <authentication>8907a4685905cdc06ed8534ec591ab50</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="77503">
                    <text>��,.

(QtTl,1,1./Vvt
1/vvvi.l
affi/J.,· .
£_

-.

@

()JJ+
•

'-'-...:..

I

v

�r

•

•

��•

�a

....,
/J

-~,

~ tL

1
/ /4_ ,{, 6-

"""'

c)

.

f

od

r; /;;
1 ~ . ;;J, //!&amp;,/

~I,:;.

I

A

t:ud ~ ~
c~- f~ ~
~~&lt;-~z---

a

~~

cLu-a-

1~~
7. ?1-~d--._

��! q o/.

�,-...

'O

L:,

,
)

)

.
"J

~

��l

�------

If

you

fin,.

the

prisoner

no•. gnil ty,

If

you

f'irn:

the

priso:1er

guilty

YOl'.

:il_

S8.v

and

GO

no illore.

ria 6 e,

seducin.3:

and 'a

!1is :punishment
loss

than

t,o

cor..ncc iol"' ·,ri t:_, naisy

B.

1/or:ger,

c:w.s to charac t,..,:r, iL mariner and
then
ill
3::-,_y so anr"'.. ascertai::.1
j_n t 1c indic t:.:en:, yo

an u:r,r,1.nriec1 ferr.ale

form as c:!are0d

ing illicit

of', u.ndcr :pro:r.i ~e of r::a-r-

v-hic.

f previous

shall

nor more than

be cor.finerr.or:t
ten years.

in

t .e Tleni t.ent.iar_r

not

�------

�(

.

~r,)~/~

~

#~#~
LA-~~

c[,µ;--~
~~4

L
~~ Ja~

��···················•··········-···············································---············································································•·················································-·············································

These

are therefore,

and bring

in the name of the Commonwealth

before me, or some other Justice

of Virginia,

of the said

'(j'ffe.(r,'he
:~:;;~t;1;t
····································~·····~~

County,

.....................................................................

to he fa,thec d~

ac:z::

~Fdi'~~·····,n·~·.•
to appear

and give evidence .in behalf of the Commonwealth,

to command

you forthwith

the body of the said ................................................
.
.

law.

And yo~ced2=•on

···d::~mw,
l~

on the examination

tonching

/l~ .........
day oL .....~ ..":"
.................
.in

Given under my hand and seal this ..........

REGISTEO

PRINT

HAROISONBURG

VA.

·······································'--·~··~~··~~

to apprehend

••••

the

the said offence.

year/rf~...

i- .. . ·-•~-{··········-··

J.

p. [SF.A I,.

J

�C'nm m on u•prtlfl,

~ ArrestWarrant.

ns.

R~vecu,ted the
V!J arresting

within

o,nd

wwTant

rZeli,veri,n_g the

bod,y nf'..~ ...1¥,,..dl.(AIL.:
.........
.

$.$ ..~~~·············

before ..
n JI&amp;stice of Iiockin_ghmn
unrl
.

h!J Sl&amp;m,monin_g t/1,e within

nam,ed

wifness11s

/..5.:...d av
I

Cow1,tv

i,n pel'son,

tlds

ftf.::tJ'

of'_j~···..7

I

··········~·l~.d:?/4/4:c.g.
..........
,................
.
Constable of Roc/,:ing!,am County.

�•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••H••---•••••••

.. •••••••••••••------•••••••••••••••••O•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

lo appear before t!te Judge of t!te County Court of Rocking/tam

-J-.:
....

day ,f 1M:,M················

I90

/. .. ,

.. ••••••••••••••••••

Cozmfv, at tlze Court-House, on t!te

... C,ur'(l;'I, bdng "" ~y

to testify and t!te trutlt to say on be!taif

,j ~·············'.·

.

of...~.~.g._~······························································

·····-----------------------···----------······-------·--·------------------------------------------------------········----------···········---·--·-·············----------in a certain matter ef controversy in our said Court, depending and undetermined between

·····.·~j{,~=-

- :: ·.··.·······.···
...........
···· .. ~;:,::~:

and··· ...

..

-·······s!tall in no wise omit, under !lie penalty of .£100. And have !lien and tlzere !!tis
[,Vrit.

Witness, JOSEPHS.

.LL..

day of~

MESSER
.... . .

•. .

LEY,

Cla!~ of our said Court, at tlze Co11rt-l-fouse, tlze

J90L.,

and ;,, th,

Uoih y,ar of 1/,e Commonna/1/,.

-······························
.....,..l~......
. .....................
,
Clerk.

Fonn 55-Berliu.

����~,zr~~
~~r- ~,

?i ~ _._

~ 4~;:-~

7£, / 7,,/
-d ~,

&amp;"-'-

-1,,.
%/3_.e._,,/
a-".;? ~~

e-~;~

7 '1

a,_,

1 ~ ~---,,

G..~~~a,_~7~

~ -s

~ ~ /~
/4)~~~;:i~~~-u:7~,,

~
~ #U ~

cJ&lt;-,u...

/Po-aI

""f~.A~,,,

~~-c;~j

1 .,.____,,_.
__,.___
~ / 7/J µ d ~ : /4 ~·cr

~ ~~?-Y~~~~~r;-

~.~a,t,

~"J~~/21~~~

~~

~rh~~e-r1~~~

~C)~f~

~C&lt;~

~;z/20

~

d-~,~~l~,4,~-z~-»%~
#c,..12_Q~~.c.. ~ ~~~ ~p~ ~ ~
~

_,L-t.,&lt;.,,

,

. ;t:"-&lt;&gt;-~?~~.,,n-=n~

✓~~✓ ~~

d-e~

o-h-n-~J~_~cJV

..;,..~,,;n,:'--1-jZ

~~ ~ ~~~ / -Y?./~~~
p;,,L /'-½' ~ t,,.:;:,._~/ ~ ,=a 4'.",.,..,
,;-~ ~
~~r ~~ ~~.1
~~

7

c/4-

L

~ ~ ...
~

/-

/~~~~j~~r

.

#e--~J~'\
/a--v'7~~ ~:re

~ !"8.

~/~~~~cf~~:;~ d~

- /~~4.-

~·f

CJL,v) ~~ ~ ~ µr

~ ~~
.;,.__
~

u....-n~,

~~

~ "---~ ~-c__,

~

~.~&lt;vV

~oJ2_,q_

.

~C&lt;/Vl-

7~

~-

Jc-c;:rJ;

~/

~ zf~
@4-1¼. ~~ ~tf,._~-;;

~

���•

•

.

.

�Hurst's Standard
Forms,

Annotated.

l 1N 0
f · 35·
[Code,

J Hurst &amp; Compan),
! Pulaski City, Va

Indictment.
§§3989, 3999,

-1000,

-1on, 4045; Hurst's

Guide

&amp; Manual,

pp. 537 Ci), 540-5, 5-16, 617-18.)

·----- ____

, J10..lfl'.lf1:

IJV J1HB C0D'.N'J7YC0URJ' OF SAJJJ C0u~VJ1Y:
:l'hejurors of tlze Commonu·ealtlzof P'irginia, in a1zd for tl,e body of tlze Countu of'
.........

. .......· ....--~
1.AJ
•.-(.A,~ ..,.,_v.-

~-

....... , . .. ... ................... , a;ld 1zoa·attending the said Court at its
. .

.

term, ill tlzeyear J

JlliJ......
, upon their oatlzspresent tlzat

(,J. ~-"··············

against tl1epeare a!ld dignity of tlze Cc1mno1ucealtlz
of f't/qi1zia.

upon tlte ez-idenceof..... . .............
..

witness .. swol'llm ope!l
rollrt a11dsellt to tl,e Omlld Jury to giz e evide!lre.
1

.. -·

...

.
, Cleric

-····· --

�~

!.t

)&gt;

~

*'

--i I
;:o
C

I

~
t'

-~

0

rn
-r
r

,j

~-

~

~-

;

~

,,--,"--

-~

•

,{v

2
0

n-l

'
I

('

.,,._

l·
l

;,

rn

,:_

I

3:
m
:z

/'

~

~
~

C•

J='

-l

-n
;,:,
0

►

'

I

I

�TOTHESHERIFFOFROCKINGHAM
COUNTY.
The.following list if persons if t!te County if Rodiinglzanz, residing remote.from t!te place wlzere
tlie offence is clzarged to lzave been committed, and in otlzer respects qualified to serve as Jurors, is furwlt~1y.:joztf1[jil talie tlze Venirernen summoned

nished yW/rom

J?J:J'~.

trial if~.L,.

. ..

.t' ........

tJ.

... ......... . clzar,_r;edwitlt felony,

da_vof 1/zU

if

II'

L

· ~ 1;;;vt

.x

4
f3 fl_ ~,~llµ
/)~

::i__

~

J,da----,~

nJ

J&lt;!l

~

i

1

ci)-!Jj~
~

o

}h

v~~ .Ji

il

11 ✓

~

,lj~

;i,,Ji_~

.

~ }'.~

,#-

, if

J;,'_'f'tJL

t

!!tlJJ.~~
1+, .JL,,JL.

{',,

0~

q_,/J- ' (l.dL-Jt;_

set

LiteCounty

0,,,t,;,j~

bdnj[ //-,

~· jc!A&amp; L

.3nn,
1ftT/

~~J

Co-;(Jt:JCl"foza,d,
gz,,7- a:;

for t!te.

by you to serve as Jurors upon tlze

t

~
JL
~ ~ ~J- .Jl

1;- d

(J:i"li~

_%
--

,/L
~

JL

Jl

Fonn 84-Berlin.

��~£Ti!:~
in~~ ~~=-~o~::
~~~,~•:•~ "::•~~•d'':'~'
And this~
f¥rit.

. ~/~day

........shall in no wise omit, under the penalt_y &lt;?l£100.

Witness, JOSEPHS.
of-..,.--r,._,,.....q~VL,.

MESSER

LEY,

And have t/zen and tlzere this

Clerk of our said Court, at the Court-House, the

.............
..r90/.-, and in tlze 12./411year o.f tlze Commonwealth.

·····························-······
...
~.J.~.--·······-··-·,
Clerk.

Form 55-Berlin.

��IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONWEALTH
OFVIRGINIA.
TO

'IHE

SHERIFF

OF

EOC~=INGH.AJ),,[

j~L

You are ltereby co1!lmanded lo s1111mwn
ltam, to be tal&lt;enfrom

COUNTY

-GEEEI'ING:

persons of t!te counf_)1 of Rocking-

a list fur;nis!ted by tlte .fttdg t ,if the· Com1(11 Court of Roc/dng!tam,

residi11g

remote from tlte place w!tere tlte offense is c/1arged Lo ltm e been committed, and qualified in all oilier
1

respects, to sen•e as .furors, to attend and appear before tlte Co11n£1'Court of Rocking/tam
l/1e County Court House, 011lite
bec:·t!tc

iuJ. .•

~ ~ ;ff~•

~e
r--

daJ1 0/·~J

0

Court n-ecri-;

day of ll1e~J

lt/tJ/

County, at

r~oser1•cas.Jurorsupo11t!tctria/of
&lt;harxd ,,,ithfdmc,•.

T

.rlud t!tis tliey s/1all iu no ,t•ise omit, under tl,e penal£)' of

.£100.

And ltm•e tlteu and t/iere ll1e

11ames of said persons aud tl,is 11•rit.

Wiium,
.House. /lie~,.-

KJ m=;H
o/L.;~0
da_y

&lt;?l/lie Co11111101171•eall/1.

, Clerk of our said Court, at !lie Court

/ qtJ/

, I~

aJ1d in !lie

r:J..J
,-year

of

��IN THENAMEOFTHEOOMMONVtEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,

to appear before the Judge of the County Court of Rockingham
o't{ock, a. m., on the ......J/..~day of t!i~······~

_j,.{,.._~

·7,1-· r9oj,,

·····································~·····JJr

lo /,;/ijy

County, at the Court-House, at ro

~~ ;?) =·······:····
Court ~being

o;;~~,::;:;,

~a~ of

t!te.....:J.l...

,·oy m b,holf of th, Co,,,m=w,allh

ogom,t

~ ..............................................................................................................

....

Form 68--llerlin.

�•
~--~-----

e

JJ~-

L, it.(j)L-(M/

I

I tl

�IN THENAMEOFTHEOOMMONVlfEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,
TO

T:S::E

S:S::ERIPP

OP

ROCKING:S::.8.:M:

COUNTY---GREETING:

~~~L~- ~~I-;{-~/?:.~
&amp;1-Jrl-,&amp;1-,,,
... 710MA,Ji.cJ_l;7
ft~
J4M/fff v-l/h-,J~CJj;/;

You are hereby commanded to summon ....fJCUXA.-

·-~

WfAA.A

1

g~....
..
.
.....
.
!.!.~.Jf
..lJ~ ....................................
.

to appear before the Judge o.f the County Court of Rockingham

'lt,,u,..........
.........
Gmrt,-;,

f:.=·········day ef ihUl~....

to testify and ae trutlz to say

I9O/..,

ill

Oil

Cozmt_y, at the Court-House, on the

bdng ii" ./J.,_'5.=dayef

behalf of ..

a certain matter ef controversy in our said

Court, depending and undetermined

between

-·•···-·····/4···..fo.·fn(.J!.L.·~·.1AL~
················································•·•··········•··········
Plaintiff,

£-U.J,
k /9 UAO ·····································-·······························································································
Defe1tda11t.

and .......

4. ..-.....
_s/tall in no wise omit,

And this ....
TVrit.

Witness, JOSEPHS.

MESSER

under the pcnal{y of£ roo.
LEY,

And have then and tl1ere this

C!cr,0 of our said Court, at the Court-1-fouse, tlze

1:orm 55-Berli11.

��·········································----··················--------···········•·••·········•·············································································

to appear before the Judge of the County Court of Rocliinglzam Cozm[v, at the Court-House, on the

.7-:

day of tl"4-a~

I90/ .., to testify and

i11

Gmrt!!L

ze truth to say on behalf of ..~9.

a certain matter of controversy in our said

bdng ti" £,Jday

ef!r4

..Jk~ .................................
.

...

Court, depending and undetermined

between

-·... ..:Jt;it:_·
....··-•---_----_-_--____
----_-------D;:,:~:
•
i~--------..__
ef
-·······························
.....
A.i~ ................
,

And this.... .

. _____
shall in no wise omit, under the penalty of ,lroo.

1¥r£1. Witness, JOSEPHS.

-_/.'l~- day

MESSERLE

And have tlzen and there this

Y, Cler/~ of our said Court, at the Court-.House, the

.J90L,

and;,, th,

&amp;fly,ar

th&lt; c,,,,,,,,,,,,,,a/th

Clerk .

.Form 55-Berliu.

�7 ) ..

I

I

&lt;.Ji/

�IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONV\IEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,
TO

T:F.r:E

S:F.r:ER7!'P

You are hereby commanded to summon

EOCE:ING:F.r:AM

OP

COuNTY;l-RiETING:

-----~-j:
__
~------~-(J~; __
.:·¥·················-····

·-······················································································

······················-····-·O···············-····-·································--•·--·--·······················

to appear before the Judge of the County Court

ef Rockingham

County, at the Court-House,

at

IO

--L=
__
day ef th~--·~~----··---:-···Court~
being the_:z,7-.-:__d? ef
I90/., to testijy and r!J
truth to sa_vw belwlf of the Commonwealth against

o'clock, a. m., on flte ..

-·~------·------(8

-··-····~og_{~.-·•-•···•·••··•-·······•···--·-·····•··············-·-·-······--·············---····················-·-···································

who ..stands ..charged. with. and indicted

for_._.~··-----···------··-·-------·····----······---··-·-----··-···-··········-·······-·--···-··-·······---·-

And this __
.._£.z·--·-··---_____
shall not omit under flze penalty
vVitness, JOSEPH

S. MESSER

_!Li....day of-.~•--···················-

. 0

LEY,

ef £roo.

Clerk of our said
r90(..

Aud hm&gt;et/ien and there this TVrit.
Court, at t/1e Court-I-1ouse, the

and in tlie 12.kJh year of t!te Commonwealth .

···················JJ~
...........
,Ckrk.

Form 68-llerlin.

�t iirm(r~
~

~

¼

hf,"

v
'~
'-~

~

;.

�to appear before the Judge

ef the

County Court o.f Rockingham

L ...day ef th~.~~

County, at the Court-.F.louse, at ro

ef

f!es~:,.~::::::ra,~
o'clock, a. m., on the ..

.. ······:···Court~•

being tit~?-··=·

d?

to,a_,,,h,haifeftMC'm"''"w'"

And tftis1

.................
sl1all not omit under the penalty

ef £roo.

And have t/1cu and there this TVrit.

Fotm 68-lletlin.

�.

(i3

~-

~J?-~~
&amp;_di~tt
(}~~

1r: __

/~
72_

�IN THE -AMEOFTHECO MONVlfEALTR
OFVIRGINIA,

to appear before the .fudge o.f the County Court

o.fRocking-/tam

County, at the Court-I-louse, at ro

~

~

o' clocl~, a. m., on tl1e...-~.~······day of the ......;k.U..1.W...
...............................
Court 11ext, being tlte....Jf. .....day

-··#UL~
......
~
~
'l;.tt../.
.....

, to testijy

lnd the truth to saJ' in behaif

o.fthe

o.f

Commonwealth against

........
fl~a-l .../J,LdCY
..............................................................................
.
I

who stands charged witlt andindifled.for

df..k.1
...........
s!tall not omit under

And tl1is.....

...~.....................
...................................................................................
.
the peualty of ,lroo.

And lzm:e then a11dthere this TVrit.

vVitness, .JOSEPJ-I S .. MESSER LEY,
Cleric o.f our said Court, at lite Court-1-fouse, tl1e
,_..1...Q.
.......day o.f........,d ..1-.1.s..-r..
............... ./':l.P..l
.......
,-tl±r) , and in tl1e r:LJtlt year o.f the Co111monwealtl1.

J

•······················✓-·-/22·,.ll.~.-t..M...~.-!cf......................
, Cler!~.
l'orm 68-Ilcrliu.

�'

)

--.....

t~~
C)~

�TOTHESHERIFFOFROCKINGHAM
COUNTY.
Tlze.following list qf persons ef t!te Counl_y o.f Rocking/tam, residing remote.from t!te place w!tere
t!te offence is clzarged to !tave been co1m1tiitcd, and in other respt'ds qualified lo serve as .Jurors, is furnished y~,
trial of
for lite

~j

from w!tic!t yozr;Jzall tal.:e the Veniremen summoned
CL

.jf A~

S . .. .

.

..

day qf tilt,;;

2-{J-~ ~J

~ 0' L ~
j~
. ~ 'IL.~
9-.&amp;..Jcl..±z
~I

, charged

~

•;:::~"
11-;;;;:dng
''"
' riu cFj}-_d}L
. 1f £)L~

b_yyou to serve as Jurors upon tlze

V

~Jcl.

wil!t felony,

Term, d/ 0 I ,
:

~,j}
m

set

eftile County

,j

d

I

CL~~

O.fi-/i;/f;_

~fu_/1~

JUl~
£Pt-~
I I# If--

~~

J~rn_~
r;;).]VL~
J

~~ ~
Form 84-Berlin.

��•
IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONWEALTH
OFVIRGINIA.
TO

'IF.I:E

S:ECERIFF

OF

ROCx=ING::H:..8.J)I.[

J,k'yL

Vou are !tereby commanded lo su111111on
/tam, Lobe taken from
remote from

a lislfurnislied

COUNTY-GREETING:

q/ t!te

persons

q/

bJ' #re 7G1.a'.~·e
":f Lite County Court

rozm£1' ef Rocking-

Roc!.ingl1a11(, residi11g

t!te place ,, /iere tl,e offense is r/1arged Lo lim-'e been committed, and qualified in all oilier
1

respects, to serve as Jurors, Loa/Lend and appear before t!te Cou11t_yCourt

B°r~ day o/~

Ilic €..oun{J'Court J-/011se,on Ilic

b,z""~ ~;_

day

j

q/ tliu

q OI

' ~ ,._/'/r f ~
And t!tis Liu:_,,
shall i11 no wise omit, under Ilic penal0,

q/ Ror!.:ingliam

~

i-8-g-

Co1111~v,al
Court next,

lo SCl'&lt;'C as Jurors upon Ilic trial

o/

r lim~[tcd ,uitli fc/01(1'.

q/ ,lroo.

And lia1•e Llien a11d there t!te

11a111es
o/ said persons and this ,,,r,l,

"'"""'l;
m~q/g~
'ffl:2,,J·

House. Ilic

day

, Clerl-cqf our said Court, at tl,e Court
and in Ilic I 2-.J~year

of !lie Co111mom,eal//i.
1

Cler/.·.

qf

�l

~uvUAF~

(y&gt;

~Lj/-~

_

~;;~

�IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONVl[EALTH
OFVIRGINIA,
TO

T::S::E

S::S::E-rt'F

OF

You are hereby commanded to summon -~-'!..

AJ,✓.[ COUNTY---GREETING:

EO~ING:ET

__
.__
.f?J~--------------------------------------------------------·------------··

:,::::::la~~'~.w:~:;a:,;:::,,:~:;h~
;/,;~·
~;;;;;;;;;;;;·
Wituess, JOSEPHS.
fll--_:day

MESSERLEY,

Cler!~ of our said

o.f--.'--"--&lt;-'-"~...,._"'-'------···----·--------------·-··
I90./... and in tlie

Court, at the Court-1/ouse,

/:2-611
year

the

of tlte Commonwealth.

······-···-···--------/J
j~-----···--------,
Clerk.

��'Fonn 68-Berliu.

�~/Ar~

-

-(!!)~,£

~

l

Jr I

/,
(}-;;I.
~Q_,/1,~

13

n~~v
t/J
~ l&lt;J&lt;l'liCIU-J ✓

~-!)~

e,,.. tJ

/JUt !/--k ~ I

fL :;,

I/

fl.A, ../-

fYl,(A

.

y

~

//

~

~

0t.

y'

~&lt;./-

✓

·~,__

~-i

p

,

'-I-

I

m~_,,

7-,170(

�TOTHESHERIFFOFROCl{INGHAM
COUNTY.
Tlie following

list

efpersons ef tlie

County of Rocldnglwm,

residing remote.from tlte place wltere

tlte offence is cltarged to ltave been committed, and in other respects qualified lo serve as .furors, is furrom uiltz"c/2
J'oir;jall
trial of
/01'

'UA./IA/'"

L

tal~e tile Veniremen summoned

J1r,f~

t!te2}

.

b_yyou to serve as .furors upon Lite

~~

..da_J1
qf tltd-4 ..

. cltarged
Term,

r'1_
tJ/

with felonJ', set

,

efthe County

fl,~~

of;;;Jc!.IL,_
f&lt;l~

~/.

; .. . ,( / 1,,,,,'.

Form 84-Berlin.

��IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONWEALTH
OFVIRGINIA.
TO

'T::H:E

S::H:ERIFF

You are /zereby commanded to su1m1wn
l1am, to be taleen from
remote from

a list furuislied

OF

ROCKING-E:AJY.I:

J.

COVN'TY

persons

b_yMc /mi.~·e ef t/ze Com1(J' Court

-GREETING-:

o/ !lie counfv of Rockiug-

q/

Rockinglia111, residiug

t/ze place w!tere !lie offense is clzarged to lim.•e been committed, aud qualified in all oilier

respects, to sen•e as Jurors, to atte11d aud appear before tlie Counfl' ~king/Jam

~
2- J ,,....
daJ' ol ~ J-

!lie Cozmty Court I louse,
be;!!; !lie

~ L-:..Jf-/~•

d~f-i-11e

/ 'Jtf /

J/?Y
~

names

o/ said

q/

charged 71•1l/1fe/01~v.
And lim•e !lie11 aud tliere !lie

perso11s a11d this ,, •rit.

WitnmJ;
J~
'!2Jq/L~
d

.Honse. tlie

C'rmr-l-rre:IT{

to sen•e as Jurors upon Ilic trial

Aud t!tis tlze__1
sliall iu no 7u1se omit, under !lie penal(J' qf J;roo.
1

Coun(1•, al

da) 1

, Cieri.· o/ our said Court, at t/ze Court
~

and in tlze r2-0

year qf

q/ !lie Co11n1101111•eall/i.

Clerk.

��•
IN THENAMEOFTHEOOMMONVrEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,

······································---············································································•····································································

----··········----------···························----------·······..........................
------···
..·················----···-····················-·······························-········-·········
lo appear before the Judge ef lite County Court o.f Roc/dngltam Cozm£v, at ilze Court.House, on the

.u ..~..

JJ.~ ..................../.+,,.~
..

day ef t!te.....

I90

Court 7l:t, being tlze

l.., to testify and tlze trzd!t to say

011 be!taif

~~.'k.#.,.J..~ .........................................
:.

ef ...

erfain matter o.f controversy in our said

and....

__

day qf.J~~···················

Court, depending and undetermined

::;;:L,__
_ -_ ..............................
D;~~::

And this .. ... ·- ···-···sl1allin no wise omit, under tlie penalt.Y of £100.
TVrit.

between

Witness, JOSEPHS.

..../..:?.f.
..~...day qf .....

MESSERLEY,

And lzave tlzen and there tlzis

Clerk of our said Court, at tlze Court ..House, the

!l!.J.~...............................
-······································
..£~
..............
,
..T90/.

..,

and iu ilze

I

flliyear of the Com11tonwealtl1.
Clerf:.

Form 55-Berlill.

��INTHENAME
OFTHECOMMONWEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,
TO THE

You are hereby Mmm.,nded

SHER~_::znCKINGHAM

to ,un,,n,oa ....... ·-

d~

COUNTY---GREETING:

..&amp;,,LJJ_.f/£:l&amp;!
..:.

to appear before the Jndj,e of the Co1t11ty CoLirt of Rocki,nghcim, Cminty, at the Court-House,

J,:r_U~

____
__
-------------------------------------6 ,iexh, beinq thf' _;2_~=------day of
---------~---------------------------________
lf V/
show cause if any 4--------can,
_4____
should

IYFl:rike
__

C-,n1;1

why

4~

~'
not be fined ~nd attachecl for _______________________
contem,pt to iis ~ffererl, in failing

Court at th&lt;,,,~

a

.

.

Tenn, 1-t,

a,

tottttend

a uo&gt;nes, on behalf of

the said

7,,,_j{_.

L ..d... _____
~~---------·················------------····-·····--·-

�aL

J2L,
0'1A)fiQdii.

. .JGUJ+
JJJ.OIV~

�IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONWEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,

············•····································----

lo appear before the Judge
,---

---------····••·•·······································································•·····-•········

of t/ie County Court of Rocking/tam County, at the Court-House, on the

,-

¾.~·················

fk.r..
...
~"ay of....
~
~··········
0
/. .., to testify and the truth to say on behalf of .....L ..
..J,t
.../j ..~ ...................................
.

./e ..........
day ~ thtU ...

I9"

Court~.

in a certain matter of controversy in our said
-····-·-·~~1.,v,~~

being t!te ..

Court, depending and undetermined

between

-······-······················································································---Plciintijf,

h.A.d.....Y.b.,
....

and ...... _fJa.&amp;.:-'1&lt;-1-;:. ................_____
...._.......................................
-...........................
Defendant.
,....._
And this ..:-k.!YM,--····-shallin no wise omit, under the penalty of.£ roo. And have tlzen and there this
Writ.

Witness, JOSEPHS.

..Pt.=
..

day of. ..... ~~-•

MESSERLEY,
...........

Clerlt of our said Court, at the Court-House,·lhe
.I90./._, and in the

I

of tlte Commonwealth.

-tlthyear

- ;..d&gt;m~Lr----,
-~

CM.

~-----

-

Form 55-Berlin.

��------································································----

-----·········-··············-···················································--·-·

--·----·-·-····-··--····--·-···-·••·--··-·······------------------------------------------·-------------·-----·---------·--------------------·----·-·---------·

ef tjie

to appear before tlie Judge

County Court o_f Rockingham County, at the Court-House, on the

«A~-------

______
..___
-z1ay--o:1,------------------··--·-·-----·-·-·--···-··--·

and the truth to say on behalf ef---~-¥.f-L

....i.-:O::J.;;J_~··-···--··-···-·······················-···-··-----

------------------&lt;Nl)UJ:f-w_____
____

~ ..., to testify

in a certain matter

ef

2

-····~C/IA-.j#
and

~ing--t/u..

in our said

___
.._..........
-

Court, depending and undetermined

between

··························-···-·-····---····-··-·····················--Plaintiff,

·~T(klv---:13-..........
-..····------· ····················································
Dejendant.

And t/zistl_'f-_··-shall

l¥rit.

in no wise omit, under the penalty ~_/£ roo.

Witness, JOSEPHS.

_.1=:.1
..~day

ef--~-···----

0

MESSERLEY,

Clerk

ef

---------··-··--__r90..!.._,and

And have then and there this

our said Court, at the Court-House, the

in t/1e rL&amp;tiyear

ef the

Commonwealth.

--······-···-······-··-··-··------·-t~
...
_...
_,
Clerk.

Form 55-Berlin.

��IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONWEALTH
OFVIRGI IA,

in a certain matter of controversy in our said

Court, depending and ,undetermined between
Plaintiff,

-··JC...--~.l.~~····•································································································-··-

::!4~1:;;:::::~::;;,-,-,,-u:-ic_r_t_!i_e_p_e_n:;;:·:;
TVril.

r····......._ /j__Jim~

Witness, JOSEPl-f

. ./fr ~ day ef.

S. MESSERLE

Y-; Clerk of our said Court, at t!ie Court-I-louse, tl1e

J 90 / ....,

and in I;,, '~

ru,)'COY ef 1/w CMmnonue,a//1,.

~

__,

Clerk.

Funn 55-ller!iu.

�1.

.c.d ;, \.

'-

-,~

,,

,,

J:,t

~6,.."'

)''.c~~C)')."'\

~i L / r &lt; T I._;-!&gt; /, • , ~
_::,._• •.._ I ,i , , ,r-.,~ ~ , ,.,
_u AT,\/
I, !&gt;
,{
, ► tc
11

l

,,

(.,,J.p,_

,

uf f

/1..f c~ "'- C

~,

lt_0 ,5 £4""1"1,"\
l
fu'1 (u-.• ""-

.,.,,,/

eJ

l..,,...li

/,
'r f (.,.,~,,.e
'. '1
h r
\c

-•..C'u

L

/,

;,

.~l,,f--1t,l

t

,~ '&gt;~.,~i!/
I

l'U. l u

~ .. ..., t ::l

_., #

S

►l

5',r\!:,,

;,L•',

l-t.

£"'fl&lt;{«
lu {""•

I ; '

J.r ;J/r
,-ur~&lt;'I

1, , ,.

~

/.,-,,

1,

•~

)£ 'i, ~

,

l

, •

; , , ef3ei. ~~

�•
i.fNTHENAMEOFTHECOMMONV\l"EALTH
OFVIRGINIA,
TO

THE

,::-:p ROCXING-HAlv.I:

SHERIFF

Y ,m ar, l,mby wmmaaded to mmmoa

COUN·I'Y---G-REETING-:

..rfI1.~A."""""'.f;;;.J

·~·······[t-~

··································································----······························································•··•··············································

··-·····-·--·-··-·-···-·--·-·············------·········..··············----·--------------·····

to appear before t!te Judge

___
I90 (.. ,

~~

ef t!te

Uci~ ............
.... "~~

..,d
...a":,Jlf--'
....
r_p,,.
!'fl

··········-------------····-···-··-···-·········----····················-··------------

County Court o.l Roc!.:h~r;-ftamCozmfv, at tlte Court-House,~

Gm, f

testify and lite trut!t to say on be!taif

1jt a certain ma er

ef

£cc~
....day of

foug the ...

o.l---·~--,~-tt-_
__

rf~··· - ...

ftJ.~---··············································

controversy in our said

Court, depending and undetermined

between

::;_&amp;J:tt:::::d1C_:·•······
······
~::~~ D;:,::::
And t!tis..~
T¥rit.

r

.....s!tall in no wise omit, ~mder -t!te penalty qf ,l roo. And !iave t!1en and tltere fliis

of--,~
.....
. ........
.):.,62
...
m~.~ ........................
-..,

Witness, JOSEPHS.

. .cP::k
.......day

MESSER

LEY,

Ckd

q/

our said Court, at tlte Court-House, t!1e

...I90_/.. .., and in f!te r.&gt;-J.tltyear o.l L/1eCommon,e•ea!Llz
.

Cler,~.

--

~~

Form 55-Ut:rlit:.

�•

�I

IN THENAMEOFTHECOMMONViEALTH
OFVIRGINIA,

1•0111155-Berlrn.

��•
IN THENAMEOFTHEOOMMON\LVEALTH
OFVIRGI A.
TO

'T:H:E

S:H:ERIFF

OF

ROCXING:H:..8..:N.I:

'

You are l1ereby commanded to summon
/iam, to be taken from
remote from

a list furnis/ied

by t/ie .Ju rig t

o/ lite

COUNTY

q/ tlie

persons

-GREETING:

count_;, of Roclciul{-

County Court of Rocldn!(/iam,

residing

t/1eplace wltere the offense is clzarged to /Jave been committed, and qualified in all other

respects, to serve as .furors, to attend and appear be.fore t!te Counu
t!,e CountJ1 Court House,

{Hf:--/-}re

dtt)

o/ lhe

),.,.

·

Rocking/Jam

CountJ,, at

....

Ctm, { 1&gt;cd,

to serz•e as jurors upon the trial qf

r-8-l)

cl1a1:r;-ed
1r,itli.fe/011_1
1•

Aud this t/iq shall in no wise omit, under the penal/._) of
1

£ 100.

And liaz•e then and there tlie

ua111esqf said persons and this 1,•rit.
T1Vitness,
Home, the

-1

J

~
day ql

~~

, Clerk qf our said Court, at t!te Court
_r-

and in t/ie I Z...
J

year qf

of 11,e Cou1111omr•ealtli.
Cler!.·.

�t

~JyVUflMAr~

@

f'~

~

f°d

~h

~L4!Lv

rf .

~

.r
~

~

~

~t
I

~tl,.d-

-~

t

�TOTHESHERIFFOFROCKINGHAM
COUNTY.
Tlte following

list(!/ persons

ef t!te

Coun{v

ef Rod.:inglia.111,residing

remote from Lite place wlzere

t!te offence is c!targed to ltave been committed, and in other respfC!s qualified lo serve as Jurors, is furnislted yoqfrom
trial (!/

~

for Lit~

0~

wlticlt Yf;5 slzall talte tlte Veniremen summoned
Q..,

#--/~
da_vof tltio

C'f:;rt:f th, Co'/t,ly af_oma;d, b,;ns ll,r

J-;/J.

Ji,~

b_vyou Lo sen1e as Jurors upon t!te

.

J-~

~

cltm:t5 ed wit!t .felouy, set

Term,

da ,,

~

rf 6 I

,

if

!lie County

.,

'f O l

~~~

Fonn 84-Berlin.

.

��</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77492">
                <text>1900</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77493">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George W. Bear</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77494">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony seduction.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77495">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="77496">
                <text>Seduction</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77497">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77498">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77499">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77500">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77501">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77502">
                <text>CCR001_003_002</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="646">
        <name>Bear</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="399">
        <name>Monger</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="2944" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2759">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/14d3c659a69a6a4ab34f7af190f5e797.pdf</src>
        <authentication>4d12f319ff8af8dfc494ab6444145107</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="48184">
                    <text>•

COMMOHWL~AL'l1 H OF VIR GINIA ,
COUNTY OF ROCK I NGJ-JA:M, to-w i t:

I n t he Ci rc u i t Co urt of said Co unt y:

'l'he 5 rand jurors i n a nd for the body of sai d Cou n ty of
Rocking ham a n d n ow a ttendi ng sai d Court a t i ts 11.pr i l
t heir oaths do pr e sen t that George

w. D

term, 1 92 4, upon

ea.n , wi thin on e ye a r next p rior

t o the f i nding of this ind i ctment, i n t he sai d Coun t y of Bock i n gha m, d i d
unlawfully rnan ufa ct ti..re, sell, off er, ke e p, s t or e and exp ose for sal e ,
give away, tra nsport, dispe n se, sol i c i t, a dv ert i se and rec ei v e or d ers
f or ard en t s pirits, a ga i n st t he pea ce a n d d i gn ity mf t he Commonwealth
o f Vi r gi n i a .
Th e juror s a for e said upon their oath s afo r e s ai d &lt;IO further
prese nt that :J- eorge

w.

Dean, with in one ye ar next prior to the fi nding

of t hi s indi ctment, i n t h e said Coun t y of Hocklin gha.m, did unlawfu lly
hav e i n h is p osse s s i on a rd en t sp i rits, a g ain st t h e p eace and digni t y o f
t he Commonw ealth o f Vi rg i n i a .
And t he j ur o :c s af or e sa i d u.p on t hei r o a ths af o r e sai d d o furt h er
pres en t t hat George W. Dean , wi t hi n on e yea r next prior t o the findi ng
of thi s i 1dl ctme nt, i n th e sa i d Count y of Rock i n g ha m, di d unlawfu.l ly
receiv e a..rden t sp .L ri ts, a gainst t he p E.a.ce and dignity of the Commo n weal th o f Virgi nia .
Thi s
R . i' •

i nd i ct cn ent is found on the t es timony of

r ke, John S. Punk,

w.

'l1 • Re xrod e,

· Curry, and

:McGlau.ghlin, witn esses sworn in cou.rt and sen t bef or e th e graud j ury
t .J give eviden c e .

�{

Vi o l . Pro . Act

COMMON WEA 1TH

v.
GEORGE W. DEAN
&lt;i

A IHSDEl.lEANOR

A TRUE BILL

11; ?lt 4.
I}:b,OREMAN
r

~

' ' ;....;~
~

~~
=--- •
•

,..

....,

✓

...)

--I-:::'.

_,

-

, ~ I~
~ ·

...

,-·-:-• ~l..'

,.~

-'..,.{
~

D . W. EARl,1tN
COMMONWEALTH'S AT1'0RIIBY
.

c✓

Ji

�Commonwealth of Virginia, tT
•t·
Rockingham County, j o-wt ·

?_____ day of_ __ ~ __ _________ 192 7';____ _______
~f a' · 1fi~7j«-&lt;--&lt;- __~ -~ ~,,_,______ -----------------BE IT REMEM BERED that on the __ __

came before

w1-1

_/Y __ {:- :f! /_f ~-- --t /~ - ~ ______
____ _

of the said county of Rocki ngham , and severa lly and respectiveily
acknowledged thems elves to be indebted to the Comm onwea lth of Virgin ia, in manne r and form
following, tha.t is to say : the said

·---~~---------c~---- --------------___________________________________

~--~
____ _ L ~ - - ~ ----------- ------ ------ -----/}

in the sum of

------ ------ ------ ------ ----D ollars

good and lawful money of -the United States , a:ttd the said ______
_______ ' ______ _________________ _
in

tl10 Btttrr7Jl"ii1fr ___ ___ ___::-_
--:-_----_-=--- -----_

-_-_-_TDTiortln:lan1-i:::s,orr1fr-+ilif-kk+'e-ig~o~o~dl--fltt~n+ldi-..:1hia~wr""u~nr-,1""'
n-=
01=my, to be

respec tively made and levied of their severa l goods and chatte
ls, lands and tenem ents, and they
severally waive d the benefit of their Home stead Exem ption as
to this obliga tion, and also waive d any
claim or right to discha rge any liabili ty to the Comm onwea lth
arisin g under this recognizance with
coupo ns detach ed from the bonds of this State, to the use of the
Commonwea lth of Virgin ia if the said

-~P ---1 1}_ ,_Lf :?_- -./!_ ~_________________ shall make defaul t in the perfor mance of the
condit ions under writte n.

The condit ion of the 8fo7e 1·ecognizance is such that if theJl.b
ove b o u n d _ ~ ~ ___ _
~~~~~~,t
. . 7 µK;:; :;&lt;1
_@ ______ :{__ ~--- ----- ----- ------------ do and shall personally appea,r .before
/(the Circui t
Court of Rockingham on the
day of the
__ _
_

M

-jz o· ~~

.

~

'

the ___

,yl- , , , , , . ~ Gq, '2.u,

g_____ day oL - ~ - _________ _____ __ 192 ~,,

.;....

~

at the Court-house lhe,ee f,

and then and there answe r the Commonwea lth of Virgin ia concem
ing a cer tain ~~~ 1er eof the saicL~
___'hL_..:. __~ - ~ - ___________________ _stands cha1,g
ed, and shall not
depar t thence ,vitbo ut the leave of said Court, then the above
r ecognizance shall be void and of no
effect, otherw ise to remai n in full force and virtue .
Taken and acknowledged before me, the day and year first above
writte n.

_________ fT W YJ ~ ~ --------- .------

&lt;:'&gt;

~

?;-.._ \

�•

�Commonwealth of Virginia, 1T
•t·
.
Rockingham County, j o-wt ·
B• IT

REMEMBER ED

that on the --:f'-----d ay of_ __

~____________ l921/,______ ____ _

---Lf' -e~ __ -~ d _M~-_e,_N ~ -----------came before me __ ~~~ __; : I ~ , _ ; ; / - ~ __ ____ -___ ___ _
---~

of the said county of Rockingha m, and severally and respectiveJy acknowled ged themselves to be in debted to the Comm,onw ealth of Virginia, in mann er and form following, th at is to say : the said

·----~aq:
:I"-___ -::-J_•~

~ Sffllfrxe.?efU~ (

~d_

t?

,::::-_·__&amp;_~ ------- -.- ---------- ------in the sum of

- ~ - - ---------- -- - ---------- -------- - -------- - ---------- ---------- -Dollars

good and lawful money of the United States, aIH.1--the said _____ ___ ______ __ ------- -- ---------- ---in.. tho sam uf

DollB:Fs of Jike good Ju:id lawfttl mun-e-y, to be

respectivel y made and levied of their several goods and chattels, lands and tenements, and they
severally waived the benefit of their Homestead Exemption as to this obligation, and also waived any
claim or right -to discharge any liability to the Commonw ealth arising under this r ecognizance with
coupons detached from the bonds of this State, to the use of the Commonw ealth of Virginia if the said
- - - ~ - - - D . . , . £_~--- ------- --- ____ __shall make default in the performan ce of the

conditions underwritt en.

The eon&lt;lition of the

•tJ:i;::z~:h~

t ~ v ~ ~ - - ~ ~ 7 . : ~----

____ Jlf!_--e _~- ------- - ---- - ------- - --- - -- -- do and shall per sonally appear before,,. the C1t'C1'11t
CeHrl of

!:1'ieg!,•;

on the

o/='I

~f tllo -

~ Iii ,u,_,,_,,,_ q,1-..

thereof, l3ciH~ the ____ ~____ day of_ ___ ~ - - - ______ ________ 192 Y

,
1

,.:._ / I I - ~

at the Court-house/\tlt@reef,

and then and there answer the Commonw ealth of Virginia concerning a certain ___~~of the s a i d - - ~ - _ &amp; , ~___ _____ ___________ stands charged, and shall not
depart thence without the leave of said Court, then the above r ecognizanc e shall be void and of n,o
effect, otherwise to r emain in fu]l f oree and virtue.
Taken and acknowled ged before me, the day and y ear first above writfa:ipc- --

-----------~trul-a~ ~ -------------

~

'l

�•

�Commonwealth of Virgini a~stq-, County,

to-wit:

To the Prohibition Inspectors, Sheriffs, Sergeants, and all Police Officers and Constables of the State of
Virginia-Greeting:

WHEREAS

__

td!J. :=14.(...1!_~~"'------------------------------

has this day made complaint and information on oath before me,£ ' ~--Nam

of the said

0 1ty t
0 oun Y

that he verily believes, that in the said

ceoity
unt7

~

of the said

t,/'

of Magili""te.

&lt;a~~

. ..____ ___
T

7

_ _ -!._ __

e.

and State:

(a) That Ardent Spirits are being unlawfully manufactured , sold, kept, stored, possessed, held, used and
concealed in a certain _

~~~ -~ &lt;\"' ~

- - ---- ,-

ere describe the place, houae, room or boat, as the c

-·

A

~

L eJ

----------- -----

e m&amp;7 be)

N, - ·.

e ..
n,. _ ~ ,
- - ~ - - - - - - - _ ... _._, _____ _
- - - - - - - - - - ~ - _______ q _
unknown")
Informant
the
(Give name, If name unknown, 11117, "Whose name la to

(b) A still, still cap, worm, tubs; fermenters and other appliances connected with such still and used, and
mash and other substances, capable of being used, in the manufacture of Ardent Spirits, are..unlawfully
one__ ----------- ----------- ----------- --------in the possession of, and unlawfully used by
&lt;Give name; If name unknown. 11117, "Whoae name i1 to the Informant unknown")

--·----------------------------(c) Ardent Spirits are being unlawfully kept, held, stored, concealed, used, sold, and unlawfully transported in certain baggage or a certain vehicle, to-wit: a certain ___________ ___________ __________ _
(Here deecrlbe vehicle, auto. w-.on. carrlace, buSff, boat. ba1nraae or what not)

by

---- ----------- ----------- ----------- --------one------- ----------- ----------&lt;Here give name, or deecribe as In (a) above)

And there being reasonable cause for such belief:
THESE ARE, THEREFORE , IN THE NAME OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, to command you, with all necessary and proper speed and assistance, to seartch the house, place, baggage, boat or
vehicle herein designated, either in day or night, and seize such ardent spirits and, their containers and
other things apparently possessed or used in violation of law, and bring the same and the perSQn or persons, in wh~e possessidn they are found, and also any person resisting, impeding, obstI1ucting, or ffn any
manner hindering or delaying you in the execution of this warrant before me, or some other officer having
jurisdiction of the case,. to be disposed of and dealt with according to law; and make return of this warrant
showing all acts and things done thereunder, with ~ particular statement and sufficient description of the
things seized and the name of the pen;on in whose possession found, if any, and if not found in the possession of any one, so state in your return, and post a true copy of this warrant and the return thereof, as re-

�WARRAN T TO SEARCH FOR ARDENT
SPIRITS, ETC.

DIRECTIO NS
1.

If only Ardent Spirits and containers be seized,
the Magistrate shall fix a time not less than 10
nor more than 30 days from the date of return, for
the hearing of said return. If no cl aimant appear,
the Ardent Spirits a nd articles are to be forfeited
to Commonwea~ th. Any person claiming any of
same must file a written claim stating particularly
the character and e x tent of his interest therein,
whereupon the Magistrate shall certify ,t he warrant, written claim andarticles claimed, to the
Circuit or Corporation Court, as the case may be,
for determinatio n, and declare the unclaimed articles forfeited.

W.~
·····•~ ·

. ~~/_.°_ ,./ n
w1thm stated /dlr.. .

If still, still cap, wonn, tubs, he a ter, fennenters ,
or any appliance connected with a stillJ. and used,
or mash or other substance capable of l&gt;eing used,
in the manufaoture of Ardent Spirits, be seized,
the mash (after taking a sample) shall b e destroyed, and the facts and articles seized reported
to the P 1· oh i bit ion Director and Commonwealth's Attorney. (A copy of this warrant and
proper return will be a sufficient notice and report.) Ardent Spirits and containers dispo'S ed o f
as in No. 1 above.

3. If Ardent Spirits a r e being tra n sp orted in an aut omobile, b oat, wagon , bug gy, or o t her vehicle, the
Ardent Spirits and containers sha ll b e p reserved
and the vehicle shall be deli vered to the Sergea nt
of the City, the facts r eport ed t o the P rohibition
Dir e ctor and Comm onwealth's Atto r ney and
Ardent Spirits and c on tain ers disposed of as p rovi ded in No. 1 ab ove. (A copy of this warrant and
p rop e r return w ill be a su ffi c ent report.)

4. A cop;: of th is w a rrant and th e return t hereon
must b e p os ted at t he front d oor o f th e hou se, or
on the door of the room, or o n t he p rem ises at
t he place the A rden t S p iri ts m ay be fo u nd.

See Sections 21 1-2, 22, 23, 23
A cts of Assem bly, 1918, Page 578.

1- 2,

57 and 57

1- 2.

.
. ·-··-

d ay

Ot h er than ab ove stated the following are witnes es :

the .

·-····•·

.--··0····-- · ~ ··· ·· :··-·· ··· - ~
···~-······
· · · · ·-·-···
. ·-··£-,uv/4
•

I ~~ t.nj ,· . -·· .. ··-··I.· ·- .. . ··-··-··- -··-·· ·-··-·
.:r..a:td,,f,,...~
A_ •

(Here state ho ae, room. place.
1

2.

7.. ~ .......

Executed the within warrant this . .
of . •
192 • • • , l&gt;y searchi

The following named officers and persons assisted
me in t he execution of this warrant:

•..•...

and by seizing the foll owing described Ardent Spirits
and other things therein found (and arresting the
abov e named person found in possession thereof) .and
by p os ting a true copy of this warrant and the return

··- ·········•J..

1
•

•

_.!!...

This matter set for hearing on the •..••. . ... day
of

• •••• • •••••••••••• 192 ••••

No cl aim of ownership or interest in any of the
sai things sei zed h aving been filed herein in compli n ee w i th the law, the same are hereby adjudged
an d declared confiscated and :forfeited to the Comm oAwealth.
Given un d er my hand this ............. ..... day

hereon on the
(Here say place. house. room. boat,

--··-····· -··-··-···- - - - -·-- - -- - -- ··················
auto or baggage, or as case may be)

u front door of houae, door of room or premises)

of . ............. ... . . , 19a ••••

,.,. :"t:;::.;:;;::::::1.:;.~J

. ~. .l£.?.~···tf-·· £~t

--~ ~-- ~--~

--

..~LZA &amp;-J······4 1"~··-··-·······················

....&lt;Jt.Jl!.f!.:..{ i ] ~...u.~

f.

Given u nder my h an d this . .

. . .. .. . -...

!~ ••••••••• d ay

·--~:-~

of

~

=.j::;;= = = = =·;;;···;.;··;··;;;·
;; ·;;;
··;;;-·;;;··;;;··;;;··;;;
···;;;··;·~
;;;;;
~;;;
~;;;;:·;;;
·~
;;;
·;;;;··;;;
·;
;;;·~
;;;
··;;;~;;;·~;;;~~;;;~;;;~·.;;;··;;;···;;;··;;;
··;;;·

ritten cla im of ownersh ip or interest h aving been
to certa in of th e said thing s herein seized, this
w a rant, the said claim and the things in the clai m
pa r icularly d escribed, are h ereby c ertified to th e
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Court of t his . . ____________ for det erf in a t io n ' and t he sai d t hings u n claimed a re hereby
adj pdged and declared confis cated a nd for feited to
t h e Com monwe alth.
Given un d er m y h and this . . . .. · -- • ·----· ... d ay of
••• ••••• • ••• • •• •• · --, 192 -- • .

Ti t le of Magis tra te,

I IQTE.-Unl ess w a r rant issu ed for Ard en t Spirits
beipg tran sp or ted in vehi cle, b oa t or baggage. it is to
be re t urned to the jur isd ic t ion from which issued. If
iss ed for Ardent Spirits ~o transported, i t ca n 'be
ex, .cu ted i n any p art of the S tate, and re turn ed t o
·an:r jus ti ce in a ny coun ty or ci ty t hrou g h which
t h t!Y were c a r ri ed .

J

�.

.

������. t;;...

~-~r -

... ,, ''I·( ,.
t~✓'-'t../ v,- c) t :-., .

.e

&lt;

•

(~

.· .-lj

l 4 /Y ,·-1,ll;.
~

f\.-'\1- lv..

~
. - 1J

'1'
1
,t, • I

t/

.· I i () . .

, -\. J .

(..

.

&gt;

.t.U: {

1'} Lf'l '--

I,

j) 6 - \:~

I ~-v~

[l u--\i.._ ~"

,--~

{Ir~, 1•~U

1

J

••

i

OOJIKOWBALB

l vs~-- · -- ~-··
\\

i&gt;

, '

I

'

I

~ /~..

GiORGB • • .uEU.
"' ,... . . ...

'.

L ..

.......•- / (__

[;::~L~

ri.ir./
S ~1- , $¢'..-.~

~- '-

.~ r

'
f

t
I.

IJ
•·
I

1

.

I~

~J

/(/'--.t/ '

.°"'

~vb~ ~t¼

�..

J'

/

I

'- .

r

f

,

/

•

.

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32973">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George W. Dean</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32974">
                <text>Misdemeanor; Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32975">
                <text>Misdemeanor</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32976">
                <text>Indictment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32977">
                <text>Search Warrant</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="32978">
                <text>Guns seized</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32979">
                <text>Craig Schaefer, Kayla Heslin, Selena St. Andre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32980">
                <text>1924</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32981">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. (&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32982">
                <text>RcPr-box4-005</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32983">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32984">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="32985">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="258">
        <name>Dean</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="6612" public="1" featured="1">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6347">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_004_055-commonwealth-v-george-w-harris.pdf</src>
        <authentication>bf888d1085d05f6a984cf8386c01469f</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="77491">
                    <text>~

_Hurst's
Standard
orms, Annotated.

[Code,

Hurst &amp; Company,
City, Va.

I nd'1ctment.

lf :-Jo. 35.

§~3989, 3999, -1000, 40II, -1045; Hurst's

COU.NJ.1YOF ...... ~.99.1~.:i.r:ieJ:1~~____
_

1Pulaski

Guide &amp; Manual,

........ ········· --·

pp. 537 (3), 540-5. 546. 617-18.]

··•····

...........

Circuit

' J.10-JI 11':

I.N J'HE lJ~7Jt'J911'
COli.RJ.1OF S./J.JJJCOUJit'J.1Y:
21/tejurors of tlze Commo1uoealtlt
of T"irginia,in aad for tlze body of tlze County of
_...............
_ , and !Wll' attending tile said Court at its
arc

__term,i1ztlze year l _905 _

on tlze_?1:.t.11_
day of_])e_c_
er:-.t-er_
feloniouG

y did

bren.1· ar:d

, upon tlzeir oatlls present tlzat

..... ..._ , ill tlzeyear 19..Q1.........
, ill tlze said County,
e .ter

a certa::i.r._dep9JJ

the..·c)ic;s·apeake
..11'enter·riRai"i;:•ni:, .. a·Corporation,(
said _qe&gt;_ll!l.t.Y
L ::1114Lq ~ .a,cijO :i]1ir;[; to. or ..OC c·. Pied
houseof the said Chesapea1&lt;.e :•es tel'n Rail-;rn. ,
1

i .~ent

to cor.-.u-:it lar~env

....t1E:J_,Pr._o.Qer.JY....::::'......

at Harrisor.bure,
in
.7i.tll... tlle ...1' rn.llin.G ...........
.
a coryorc. tion,
·•rit l
n:1ir __o.r pants of .t e

therein
a1 d thirteen
- variii '6"t":;:36~66 o':r the ~oods·a:·r-.ci~;1~t-tels cf t-,e said c lP.S:J.peake
'estern
Rail'nay 1 a CorPorn.tion,
in Jl1e said
de~ot th~n.oeil1£L
Telonimisiy
did steal,
takt-J, DJ d carr.
ar:ay a.e;ainst
the 9eace and.
&lt;l?:.S!~
~X _9-f_~....~--_g_()r:_~()T&lt;'·'et1J,_t1:1pf
_)[~~~
-~.. ..............__ ..... ______
··---.........._...._-----·
......
And the jurors
n.goresai'
U1)or their
oaths arores'li'i
do C';.Tt}~P,r !)l'esen t th:it Geo. 'i'. Harris
0n he r'4th d.a of Dec,11&gt;:ber in ti1e vem·
·1n-04· ih"The - □--'&gt;'cf
ty
"ctict'-~ll ~p~:..i;ii"iiotlf "1irei
iri
t 10 ni ::;11
t ti:-::e )f said day a c clr tai n.__
d,epg t the_ pr o.9er ty _q.f ... _tl}e
Cheb.h,'.:_je'lke·\' ec terr:. Rail "iay _. a ·corporation,
an r. t adj o ir,ili.=; to
or occu~ · ed ·:1ith the dwell ir g hou..,e. ..9.:r
....
~l_e _:3:i_:d C_1Je:3ap~~'-&lt;:e
...'''es tP-1,'r,
...Rd.II,ria-ir; ..a Corporation,
'Ii th ir tei, t to cor."J::it larc~.
y therein
and
thirteen
.Pair o.f 1,ar. ts r, ·: the
value
9_1 ;'$::10.. 00 qf t11e eood.s :;rnci
...
cha tfels "'ot '"the ·said Ch sa,µeake "es tern Hail·t:ay .• a O rl)Ora tiOJ,:
then beir :; , .fe lonio sl. did steal,
tal&lt;.e and car y il'7ay a..:;ains t he

ciiu ··.reloriiousTy

..p~-~-::·._ai1~.:-~-~
-;~i ty of

-~he

(l,fj ail-2-.s-t-i./te-pr!([f:fra!Zd
dt{fllity Of

[/pon the evidenceof

Go...~:or.w~alth-~i~~

~v?. JJrf
£~

_

_witness___swom in open

Courtand sent to tl1e 0rand Jury to give evideace.
........
..._......_, Clerk.

i"r~~-

.................................

tft-e--et7lmrt01ZttJ-ea;lHHJf
//iq:;i-11.,i,a.

A&lt;?~.-/?...14k~_f.lyy_ ..1- ...tv--:,_
£,_

f.: ~/L
Af.~

1'

.

�-n
0

:::z

~

:,,

l0

)&gt;

--i
;::o
C

rn

CD

r
!

,,,.
.,_
:::-

..,
...

"
:::

:::

~

,.::
-~

~-

-~

z
0
c=;
....,
3:
m

z....,
"Tl

0

;,o
►

~

~

~

;::-

~·

'--

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77478">
                <text>1905</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77479">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George W. Harris</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77480">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony break and enter and felony larceny.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77481">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="77482">
                <text>Burglary</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="77483">
                <text>Break and Enter</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="77484">
                <text>Larceny</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77485">
                <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77486">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77487">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77488">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77489">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="77490">
                <text>CCR001_004_055</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1082">
        <name>Chesapeake Western Railway</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="466">
        <name>Harris</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24375" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14449">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_020_069.pdf</src>
        <authentication>75eee11fb9f1a6d4a0fcf4ea53245d61</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271595">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George W. Knupp</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271596">
                <text>1895</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271597">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="271598">
                <text>Seduction</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271599">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony seduction. Not a True Bill</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271600">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271601">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271602">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="271603">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271604">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271605">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271606">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="271607">
                <text>Ccr002_020_069</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1090">
        <name>Knupp</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="201">
        <name>Long</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="8430" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="6995">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/ccr001_001_020-commonwealth-v-george-w-mullen.pdf</src>
        <authentication>5c6448c165bbb257ada6f624bc9adf4e</authentication>
        <elementSetContainer>
          <elementSet elementSetId="4">
            <name>PDF Text</name>
            <description/>
            <elementContainer>
              <element elementId="52">
                <name>Text</name>
                <description/>
                <elementTextContainer>
                  <elementText elementTextId="93194">
                    <text>/111
J(ru, I (Ji!,,/,_,;'?
f-« -

1/(~p/[ )h.t.d(,
t i1

JI,

,&lt;uk

h

.JU c/ia

thu'I !w.J !z.e~ o&lt; 1L,fl;{'
.(X

er.

(/l//

,y.,:,a-&lt;, (,n{

t1f 4t ljyt/l,d

ff,m;,Hu'7.f(u,..L,tz,_/cLo.,H~

('c,07{,&lt;,{,.

hv.&amp;

f

,t/ll?(''/JC,(,1(A v,O(.

lhu(,{('/.fR«

4,,.

I.

;.R,,,,.,Yb1f2,-/,A

ti ( ( ,·,

t'c1;,-vu1
v« (./'re,(,
( -1

Ii; ,II"'

c/&amp;l/1H.-&lt;

J

l

t&lt;,

/. f &lt;
(

l&lt;t

I

I

I

//;._, ( t1.

;1/i

J I ",.,,.,

(/;e

~

(&lt;

1/

t',

J

I

,1J,

v~

r",J u

c'J)r
,,

&lt;'

1.J

'lt/'Ll

1u-&lt;..

,j,'

,·;

//,a, le,
U1

/r✓11r/:A

Vv,

.O"V'-

/

~h-1('

I /(., '. 1
,.1

,

I.#

(&lt;

~.,n

t ~/I

;110

•=

&lt;t f&lt;

7

e. ....

/

ztv(

vi

'l,,&lt;/

.J&lt;
0,

'C/

,I"'

vf

p .,,,....._,.,_

,,.,r,,./{(,.de,_ Pt.,,&lt;'o-.vv,,,,.,_,
:/,&lt;.._,..,_
(l

rt.~

•~/iv..-.H&lt;

,/f&lt;bl/

I'

/4,,&amp; 11. 7 t

I,,.(_

"&lt;?A

(,t

C&lt;✓r-&lt;✓'4.1'

,A i, rt/1/lt✓,,, c,

z/:a /2/' .,t,

U/,.,,,

~/!,_~
17.-,_12,-,,-,~~,_,,~.
✓ /,, O;,,A

.-t~. ,/

, , o&lt;,

d';,,fp(7&gt;&lt;'fl(?R'

1-.,:,,,,.r✓-/,.✓

u

(,J/i,u&amp;c..e'(9

I

t:, :, (

//
A

,rn~',,,c,,&lt;V1010&lt;,

R-rv•&lt;&gt;&lt;

J(~,

I

I;:, (&lt;: '7

ti,

fl'h_./rt ff

£.t,,f, /(

1 , , :

f l),jf/

I

&lt;7.o, J/"&lt;,1/l,f,,,.71(c,
rf..f-,,..A.R/l/1/C7l./VlR/lfi

11;;P-•..U'1 ....u1(/ir,/(t,'e,,Q

/Pl

rf1

( ',_ (. (

&lt; tr, 'J "'-"' . /o

11/l&lt;Qjl

}/nJrrnP• thw~u

'J

R·yc,c,v, ,,,'.,

;,--1,vt. uvMO/l

/,_ ,,

J &gt;I

,, !, ,, ,~ /

li/Y/,'1(¼V1,/IA.llf'.rl~y",YY/✓ !t//'

£,,.._,:.V,. (;,&lt;u..lG

lol/

,,f.u£e17f#u

leulv

r:!(J..(/..1£1

/?cu ,,f'

,/

I ,~

f,,,

l

10.,

l

"

~UC",

_/7.,,;,

clu✓ ,.11? ,,/,,,
t,,, ,,.,~; (-i,,

r-&lt; 1,

1, 1 , ,

,(,,

./G:_,
(&lt;.fl

(

~ ✓
/

J

,,,_,. /

/ /, /

r11,11,r..-&lt;-,,,p,,I/,

�(o\JMwtl
(In

I) (ftl_Lo.,

~ V\r\u~~Q"'-

�</text>
                  </elementText>
                </elementTextContainer>
              </element>
            </elementContainer>
          </elementSet>
        </elementSetContainer>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93184">
                <text>1858</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93185">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George W. Mullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93186">
                <text>Felony</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="93187">
                <text>Theft</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93188">
                <text>Defendant charged with felony theft. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93189">
                <text>JMU LIbraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93190">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93191">
                <text>Jennifer Taylor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93192">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="93193">
                <text>CCR001_001_020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1366">
        <name>Hensell</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1365">
        <name>Mullen</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1327">
        <name>Rayers</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="26076" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="15991">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Prohibition_Records_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_001_075.pdf</src>
        <authentication>ac95487ad3762c4a02b13c98c14de7df</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="5">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10956">
                  <text>Rockingham County Prohibition Records: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10957">
                  <text>The first series of the Prohibition Records collection consists of all criminal case records associated with cases brought to the &amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Rockingham County Circuit Court&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt; from 1916-1964. Not every individual was indicted for a criminal offense and many were simply judged as misdemeanors. The cases have been separated and arranged by the last name of the defendant.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For more information on the Prohibition collection, visit the "&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/findingaids"&gt;Finding Aids&lt;/a&gt;" tab in the menu above.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="38292">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Courthouse</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58023">
                  <text>Prohibition--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58024">
                  <text>Prohibition--Government policy--United States</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58025">
                  <text>Prohibition--Virginia--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58026">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--History</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="58027">
                  <text>Rockingham County (Va.)--Genealogy</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58028">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58029">
                  <text>1916-1933</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58030">
                  <text>Pro001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="46">
              <name>Relation</name>
              <description>A related resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58055">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/7"&gt;Prohibition Records: Liquor Inventory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/collections/show/6"&gt;Prohibition Records: Affidavits for Ardent Spirits&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="72">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="58551">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/items/show/4524"&gt; Prohibition Records Finding Aid &lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293091">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Woods</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293092">
                <text>1809</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293093">
                <text>Threaten</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293094">
                <text>Defendant charged with threatening to beat, wound, maim, kill or do bodily harm.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293095">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293096">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293097">
                <text>Annette Guild</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="293098">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293099">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293100">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293101">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="293102">
                <text>Ccr002_001_075</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1504">
        <name>Houke</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="750">
        <name>Woods</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="24414" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="14488">
        <src>https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/erp/files/original/Rockingham_County_Criminal_Court_Criminal_Cases/Ccr002_019_027.pdf</src>
        <authentication>7add77e78655015e51f3002fba33a134</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75153">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court: Criminal Cases</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75154">
                  <text>This collection encompasses all criminal court cases adjudicated in Rockingham County from 1778 to 1971, spanning nearly two centuries of legal history. The records offer a comprehensive view of the county's criminal justice system, including charges ranging from petty theft and assault to more serious offenses like murder. Each case provides unique insights into the legal proceedings, punishments, and societal norms of the time, reflecting how local attitudes toward crime and justice evolved over the years.&#13;
&#13;
Beyond the legal aspects, these records also shed light on the social, cultural, and political environment in Rockingham County, including the impact of historical events such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Researchers will find cases involving enslaved individuals, early policing practices, and the enforcement of social and moral codes, offering a window into the daily lives and struggles of past residents. The collection serves as a valuable resource for understanding the community's response to crime, the development of legal institutions, and the broader historical context shaping the attitudes of crime in Rockingham County.&#13;
&#13;
</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75155">
                  <text>Rockingham County Criminal Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75156">
                  <text>JMU Libraries</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75157">
                  <text>1778-1971</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75158">
                  <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="42">
              <name>Format</name>
              <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75159">
                  <text>PDF</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="75160">
                  <text>Ccr001</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="293486">
                  <text>Ccr002</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="293485">
                  <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272071">
                <text>Commonwealth v. George Zetty</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272072">
                <text>1877</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272073">
                <text>Assault and Beating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272074">
                <text>Defendant charged with assault and beating.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272075">
                <text>JMU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272076">
                <text>Rockingham County Circuit Court</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272077">
                <text>Sydney Ring</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="272078">
                <text>Megan Pullen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272079">
                <text>This work has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272080">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272081">
                <text>Criminal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="272082">
                <text>Ccr002_019_027</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="3729">
        <name>Zetty</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
