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                    <text>Ms. Lucy leaves a lasting
legacy
•
•

•

Sammy Criscitello | The Breeze
Apr 13, 2016

Sam Taylor | The Breeze
Students in JMU’s Documenting Black History class will open an exhibit chronicling the life and accomplishments of
Ms. Lucy Simms.

In 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation freed millions of enslaved African-Americans,
including one of Harrisonburg’s first African-American educators — Lucy F. Simms.
Known as “Ms. Lucy” to her 1,800 students, Simms’ commitment to helping AfricanAmericans discover their potential was unprecedented, as she missed just one half-day of
teaching throughout the duration of her 56-year-long career.

�While de facto segregation in the U.S. now only lives in history textbooks, Simms’
legacy is withstanding. After she died in 1934, the Lucy F. Simms School was built in
honor of Ms. Lucy, and continued to educate African-Americans in Harrisonburg until
integration caused all-black schools to close in 1966. The school is now called the Lucy
F. Simms Center for Continuing Education, and on April 20, the center will open an
exhibit created by students in JMU’s Documenting Black History class; a special-topics
course taught by Mollie Godfrey and Sean McCarthy that strives to honor Simms.
Even though 82 years have passed since Simms taught her final lesson, one of her former
students still recalls Simms’ impact.
“What she taught came deep from within, and you could feel it,” said Doris Allen, 88, a
member of Simms’ final class. “She was such a powerful woman; she walked six miles to
teach school.”
The coming exhibit strives to display Simms’ impressive character to Harrisonburg
residents of all ages. It also looks to inform JMU students about the Harrisonburg of days
past, as it’ll be temporarily available for viewing on campus in Roop Hall.
“That history is often forgotten, so our whole point of doing this is to give a voice to 200
years of students and a community who never really got the chance to talk,” said Emily
Nava, a junior history and international affairs double major who wrote an undergraduate
thesis on “Black Harrisonburg.”
Simms was born into slavery around 1855, and decided to pursue a career in education
after being freed in her mid-teens. She attended the Hampton Institute in Hampton,
Virginia, from 1874 to 1877 alongside Booker T. Washington, with whom she shared the
ideal of working to serve the African-American community by helping them discover
their intellectual capabilities.
After graduating, she returned to the Valley and taught for one year at the Athens
“colored” school, which was later called Zenda. She next taught in the basement of

�Harrisonburg’s Catholic church, where she notably faced opposition for educating
African-Americans. In one documented incident, a member of the janitorial staff would
frequently hide her teaching supplies before class in hopes of preventing her from
teaching. For the final 52 years of her life, Simms would call the Effinger Street School, a
newly established all-black school in Harrisonburg, home.
“She started a legacy because you never really had black education — ever,” Nava said.
“After the Emancipation Proclamation, when African-American kids could start going to
school, black Harrisonburg was the place where they could go to school, so they all
commuted here. We have maps of the bus routes, and people traveled two hours to come
and be taught by her.”
Simms primarily taught lower-level elementary students, and built a strong relationship
with each student. She provided each pupil with a detailed report card that included
specific comments, and even mentioned their weight and height. If she knew that any of
her students had to walk to school, she would meet them on their way.
“Her teaching style was that the students would show up, and she would get them ready
for the day by fixing their clothes and brushing their hair and teaching them these
manners that would help them move forward post-education,” Nava said. “It wasn’t about
just the brain but rather the being, and believing that they were good enough to receive an
education.”
Simms’ impact on Harrisonburg extended outside of the classroom, as she was in the
United War Work Campaign, which helped raise money for black troops in World War I.
She was also a part of the Colored Teachers Association and was a Sunday school
teacher.
“One day she was talking to the principal and he was asking about a student in her class
who had lighter skin,” Nava said. “He thought that student didn’t belong and she said,
‘How fortunate that student is to belong to a race with such varied skin tones.’ She was
known to have said, ‘I am teaching and working for my race.’”

�For Lindsey Campbell, another JMU student participating in this project, her sole focus is
to satisfy the people who hold Simms’ legacy close to their hearts.
“I don’t want to take ownership of it, I don’t want my name on it or anything — I just
want the community to feel that we’ve represented their voices and their story well,”
Campbell, a senior writing, rhetoric and technical communication major, said.
Even though Simms didn’t live to see schools become integrated, many people in
Harrisonburg will never forget her impact. In 2015, a mural of Simms was painted on the
western wall of the Elizabeth Street parking deck in memory of the foundation she set for
educating African-Americans.
“Her legacy has lived on because parents have passed the word,” Allen said. “It just
keeps on roaring about who she was and how she conducted herself.”
Contact Sammy Criscitello at criscisj@dukes.jmu.edu.
•

	

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                    <text>Skip to Main Content

NEWS
▼  
TOPICS

▼   SOCIAL
▼  
COLLEGE NEWS
JMU IN THE COMMUNITY

▼  
PUBLICATIONS

▼  
STAFF

Local history comes to
life
JMU students and community
members partner to preserve
African­American history
BY ROBERT HAROLD TUCKER

 

(L to R) Doris Harper Allen, one of Simms' former students, with
JMU students Deana Forbes, Brett Seekford and Hannah Jones
at the opening of the exhibit in April.

SUMMARY: "Celebrating Simms" is the first
permanent exhibition dedicated to African­American
history in the Shenandoah Valley. The exhibit,
honoring the iconic Harrisonburg educator Lucy F.
Simms, launched in April, culminating a yearlong
project in which students worked in concert with
community members to collect archival materials

▼
ARCHIVE

�from libraries and families, then designed the exhibit,
a companion website and printed booklet.
A collaboration between a team of JMU students and
the Shenandoah Valley Black Heritage Project has
reanimated history at the local Lucy F. Simms
Continuing Education Center.
Together, the partners created a permanent history
display featuring 59 panels and more than 100
photos at the center, which honors the life and
legacy of Harrisonburg’s iconic African­American
educator and the school named in her honor.
BACK TO
TOP

“Celebrating Simms” is the first permanent exhibition
dedicated to African­American history in the
Shenandoah Valley.

“The value of the Celebrating Simms exhibition to the
community is so great it defies description, “ said
Robin Lyttle of the Shenandoah Valley Black
Heritage Project. “This exhibition will give everyone a
better understanding about what black America went
through to get an education.  We do not learn this
history in school.  If we did, we would have a better
understanding of one another.”

�Simms was born enslaved in 1857, but eventually
earned a degree from Hampton Institute (now
Hampton University) and settled in Harrisonburg to
teach nearly 2,000 students from three generations
of families. The school was built as a memorial to her
shortly after her death in 1934, and served African­
American students from 1938 to 1965.

The exhibit launched in April, culminating a yearlong
project of interdisciplinary students guided by English
professor Mollie Godfrey and Sean McCarthy,
professor of writing, rhetoric and technical
communication. Students worked in concert with
community members to collect archival materials
from libraries and families. Students then designed
the exhibit, a companion website and printed
booklet.
This was an excellent
example of how the
university and the
community can come
together with a great
outcome.

�outcome.
— Robin Lyttle, Shenandoah Valley Black
Heritage Project

“My interactions with the community were the most
memorable part of the experience,” said Brett
Seekford (’17), an English major from New Market,
Virginia.  “As an aspiring academic, I realized the
importance of reflecting not only on national themes
but also on the investigation of local history. I
wouldn't trade this experience for the world.”
“This was an excellent example of how the university
and the community can come together with a great
outcome,” said Lyttle. “Many of the photos and
ephemera came from the personal collections of the
Simms students and their descendants. The JMU
students took on a huge challenge and rose to the
occasion, doing an amazing job in telling this history.
This exhibition will be viewed for many, many years
and I am proud to have been a part of it.”

“The exhibit is important for the community because
it recognizes the northeast neighborhood's
contributions to the city of Harrisonburg,” said
Seekford. “This history often goes unnoticed, but the

�Seekford. “This history often goes unnoticed, but the
increased attention it has received through this
project informs current and future citizens about the
influence of the African­American community on the
city's development.”
“What if other universities around the country did as
JMU has done?” said Lyttle. “What if a Maryland
university did a similar project in East Baltimore?
Wouldn’t it be great to see a university or college
group doing something similar in Ferguson [Missouri]
or Oakland?  These projects help empower a
neighborhood.“
Published: Monday, May 23, 2016
Last Updated: Monday, May 23, 2016

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JMU Debaters Help Refine Middle
School TED­Ed Talks 
Members of JMU"s Debate Team
volunteered with the Explore More
Discovery Museum to help local middle
school students develop big ideas and present their findings in
front of an audience. ...
Motivating middle schoolers 
Researchers, teachers team up to elicit
students' best efforts ...
Students and Alums roll up their
sleeves for #JMUBigEvent 
Nearly 500 JMU students and over 300
alumni participated in the 2016 Big Event,
a day of service to impact the local
community. ...
READ MORE

�A­Z INDEX

 DIRECTORY

 EXPENDITURES

 PRIVACY

MAPS

 ACCESSIBILITY

 SOCIAL MEDIA

 COMMUNITY

800 SOUTH MAIN STREET 
 

 JOBS

HARRISONBURG, VA 22807 
CONTACT US

Annual Security and Fire Safety Report
 

Title IX Policies
Student Consumer Information
©
2016 JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY

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                <text>Boys and Girls Club</text>
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                <text>ARC</text>
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                <text>Community development</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>A 2003 newspaper article from the Daily News Record detailing funding for the Lucy F. Simms School. </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7553">
                <text>Rob Longley</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7554">
                <text>Howard Curry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="7555">
                <text>James Madison University Libraries</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2003</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Daily News Record</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7558">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;CC By-NC 4.0&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7559">
                <text>newspaper clippings</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7561">
                <text>simms00007</text>
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            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
            <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
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                <text>Harrisonburg (Va.)</text>
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        <name>Daily News Record</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="126">
        <name>Lucy F. Simms School</name>
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</itemContainer>
